CN105616449A - 一种能抑制黑色素瘤的羊栖菜提取物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及到一种能抑制黑色素瘤的羊栖菜提取物,其特征在于制备方法如下:羊栖菜烘干后粉碎成粉末,加入到微波超声波组合萃取仪中进行萃取,对萃取液进行抽滤,取滤液浓缩后,加入无水乙醇,静置,过滤取滤液,浓缩,再次加入无水乙醇,静置、离心,取沉淀物,真空干燥后溶于水中,配成工作液,与Sevage试剂混合,振摇、离心,取上清液;在阴离子交换纤维柱中对上清液进行吸附洗脱,见峰收集;然后在切向流超滤膜下膜浓缩脱盐,真空冷冻干燥,即得到能抑制黑色素细胞瘤的羊栖菜提取物。本发明所提供的羊栖菜提取物能够有效抑制黑色素瘤的增殖,诱导其凋亡,降低黑色素的含量,且副作用小,治疗黑色素瘤提供了一种新的途径和手段。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种能抑制黑色素瘤的羊栖菜提取物。
背景技术
黑色素瘤(Maligmantmelanoma)是一种恶性程度较高的黑色素细胞肿瘤,多发生于皮肤,也见于接近皮肤的勃膜如结膜、口腔、鼻腔、肛管、直肠、子宫颈、阴道、阴茎、龟头等等。黑色素瘤一直是西方人的常见病,随着我国人口疾病谱的变化,似有不断上升趋势,且有自身特点,如肢端皮肤和勃膜来源居多,而西方人以头颈、躯干皮肤为主。虽然手术切除肿瘤是治疗绝大多数黑色素瘤患者的首选方法,但是在某些患者,如外科高风险患者、老幼患者和自身虚弱的病人,手术治疗会给他们带来巨大的副作用,术后也会容易遗漏微小病灶或转移病灶残余肿瘤细胞。因此,药物治疗或局部药物治疗可能为部分黑色素瘤患者提供一种更好的预防和治疗选择。
目前临床上尚无治疗黑色素瘤的有效方法,化疗药物对恶性黑色素瘤虽有一定的疗效,但毒副作用大;目前临床应用的抗黑色素瘤药物大多为细胞毒性药物,在抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的同时,机体正常细胞的增殖也被抑制,会对正常机体的生理过程产生不良影响,故限制了这些药物的临床应用。因此,寻找高效低毒的抑制黑色素瘤的药物是目前药学研究的一个热点,而从天然药物中筛选活性成分是黑色素瘤治疗的新方向。
羊栖菜(sargassumfusiforme)隶属褐藻门(Phaeophuta)墨角藻目(Fucales)马尾藻科(Sargassaceae),又名玉草、六角菜、鹿角尖,在我国辽东半岛、山东、浙江、福建、广东浅海域均有分布,日本和韩国也有生长。羊栖菜含有丰富的多糖、食物纤维素、多种维生素、矿物质和多种微量元素,且含有人体所需的18种重要氨基酸,包括8种人体不能合成的必须氨基酸。目前羊栖菜中研究较多的有多糖、氨基酸和蛋白质、脂肪酸等,具有降血脂、抗氧化、降血糖、抗肿瘤和促进机体生长发育等多种药理生理活性。研究表明所述药理作用可能主要与其所含的羊栖菜多糖有关。然而目前关于羊栖菜多糖在制备抗黑色素瘤药物方面尚未见报道。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的现状提供一种能抑制黑色素瘤的羊栖菜提取物。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为:该抑制黑色素瘤的羊栖菜提取物,其特征在于制备方法如下:
将新鲜的羊栖菜洗净后在40-50℃下烘干3.5-5小时,然后粉碎成粒度≤60目的羊栖菜粉末;
向微波超声波组合萃取仪中加入羊栖菜粉末和蒸馏水,微波超声时间为8-12min,温度45-55℃、固液比1:8-12g/mL、超声功率550-650W、微波功率350-450W;
抽滤后取滤液,45-55℃下浓缩至原体积的十分之一,加入无水乙醇使含醇量达30-40%,静置24h,过滤取滤液,45-55℃下浓缩至原体积的五分之一,加入无水乙醇使含醇量达到80%,静置24h,在10000-14000rpm下离心12-18min,取沉淀物;
将沉淀物在-0.08~-0.1MPa下真空干燥,温度为28-32℃,时间10-14h;
将干燥后的沉淀物溶于水中,配成浓度为4-6wt%的水溶液作为工作液,将工作液与Sevage试剂按1:2混合,振摇13-17min,3500-4500rpm下离心4-6min,取上清液;
其中Sevage有机试剂为氯仿:正丁醇=4:1(v/v)的混合物;
将得到的上清液在DEAE-52阴离子交换纤维柱进行吸附洗脱,洗脱条件为:缓冲体系为pH值7.2-7.4的磷酸盐缓冲液,用含0.5~1.0M的NaCl溶液等梯度洗脱DEAE-52阴离子交换纤维柱,流速为1mL/min,在波长为215nm下监测洗脱液中提取物含量,见峰收集;然后在3.5KD切向流超滤膜下膜浓缩脱盐至原体积的五分之一,真空冷冻干燥,真空度130Pa,温度为-80℃,时间为48h;即得到能抑制黑色素细胞瘤的羊栖菜提取物。
较好的,分别收集0.5M、0.75M和1MNaCl下的洗脱液。
更好地是收集0.5MNaCl下的洗脱液。
与现有技术相比,本发明所提供的羊栖菜提取物能够有效抑制黑色素瘤的增殖,诱导其凋亡,降低黑色素的含量,且副作用小,治疗黑色素瘤提供了一种新的途径和手段。
附图说明
图1至图3分别是本发明实施例中提取物SFPSI至提取物SFPSIII浓度对黑色素瘤细胞株B16细胞增殖抑制率的影响关系;
其中,横坐标为羊栖菜提取物SFPS的浓度剂量(mg/mL),纵坐标为黑色素瘤细胞株B16细胞存活率;
图4至图6分别是本发明实施例中提取物SFPSI至提取物SFPSIII浓度对黑色素瘤细胞株(B16)黑色素含量的影响关系。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
一、羊栖菜三组分多糖具体制备方法如下:
市购羊栖菜,6-7月新鲜藻体,清水冲洗表面泥沙、盐粒,在鼓风干燥机40-50℃烘4h,万能粉碎机粉碎后过60目筛,即得羊栖菜粉末。
羊栖菜在微波超声波组合萃取仪中加入10倍重量份蒸馏水萃取,微波超声时间为10min,温度50℃、固液比1:10g/mL、超声功率600W、微波功率400W。抽滤后取滤液,50℃下浓缩至原体积的十分之一,加入无水乙醇使含醇量达35%,静置24h,过滤取滤液,50℃下浓缩至原体积的五分之一,加入无水乙醇使含醇量达到80%,静置24h,在12000rpm下离心15min,取沉淀物。
将沉淀物在真空下干燥,真空条件为-0.1MPa,温度为30℃,时间12h;
将干燥后沉淀物溶于水中,配成浓度为5%的水溶液作为工作液,将工作液与Sevage试剂1:2混合,振摇15min,4000rpm离心5min,取上清液,重复试验3次,其中Sevage试剂为氯仿:正丁醇=4:1(v/v)混合物。
将得到的上清液在DEAE-52阴离子交换纤维柱进行吸附洗脱,洗脱条件为:缓冲体系为pH7.2的磷酸盐缓冲液,用含0-2M的NaCl溶液等度洗脱DEAE-52阴离子交换纤维柱,流速为1mL/min,在波长为215nm下监测洗脱液液中提取物含量,见峰收集。分别收集到0.5MNaCl下的洗脱液,即提取物SFPSⅠ;0.75MNaCl下的洗脱液即提取物SFPSⅡ;1MNaCl下的洗脱液即提取物SFPSⅢ;分别在3.5KD切向流超滤膜下膜浓缩脱盐至原体积的五分之一,真空冷冻干燥,真空度130Pa,温度为-80℃,时间为48h;即得到白色棉花糖状提取物SFPSⅠ、提取物SFPSⅡ、提取物SFPSⅢ。
将得到的三组羊栖菜提取物进行抗黑色素瘤细胞的体外实验,实验方法如下:
材料与方法
试剂:DMSO(二甲基亚砜)(Amreseo,USA)、PBS(杭州四季青生物工程材料有限公司)、0.25%胰蛋白酶消化液(Gibeo,USA)、DEAE高糖培养基(Gibeo,USA)、标准胎牛血清(杭州四季青生物工程材料有限公司)、青-链霉素双抗(杭州四季青生物工程材料有限公司)、MTT(Amreseo,USA)
仪器:二氧化碳细胞培养箱(IL-185VT,STIK,USA)BIO-TEKELX800全自动酶标仪(Thermo,Finland)、HH-6中数显恒温水浴锅(国华电器有限公司)、高速低温离心机(Centrifuge5804R,Eppendorf,Germany)
细胞株:小鼠黑色素瘤细胞株(B16)购自中国科学院上海细胞库。上述细胞株用含有10%胎牛血清的DEME培养基在37℃、体积分数为5%CO2、完全饱和湿度条件下常规培养,48h更换培养基,细胞生长达饱合状态时,用0.25%胰蛋白酶消化传代,2天传代1次,实验选用对数生长期细胞。
细胞增殖的检测:
调整B16细胞株细胞悬液浓度为1.2×104/孔,加入96孔培养板内,每孔200μL,置37℃、5%的CO2细胞培养箱培养24h。吸除旧培养基,分别加入含提取物SFPSⅠ、提取物SFPSⅡ、提取物SFPSⅢ(0.1mg/mL、0.2mg/mL、0.4mg/mL、0.6mg/mL、0.8mg/mL)的10%胎牛血清DEME培养基(药物浓度为0.1mg/mL、0.2mg/mL、0.4mg/mL、0.6mg/mL、0.8mg/mL),并设空白对照组和调零组,每组均设5复孔,继续培养48h。于结束前4h,按20μL/孔加入浓度为5mg/mL的MTT溶液,4h后吸出上清液,加入50μLDMSO溶液,振荡10min,使结晶充分溶解。在570nm处检测各孔的OD值。计算细胞存活率。
细胞存活率=((加药组OD平均值-调零孔OD平均值)/(空白对照组OD平均值-调零孔OD平均值))×100%。
其中,加药组OD平均值=各加药组OD值总和/加药组组数;
调零孔OD平均值=各调零孔OD值总和/调零孔数;
空白对照组OD平均值=各空白对照组OD值/空白对照组组数;
所述OD值为被检测物吸收掉的光密度,为仪器上直接读取数据。
实验重复3遍。
瘤细胞中黑色素含量的检测:
调整B16细胞株细胞悬液浓度为1×105/孔,加入24孔培养板内,每孔2mL,置37℃5%的CO2细胞培养箱培养24h。吸除旧培养基,分别加入2mL含提取物SFPSⅠ、提取物SFPSⅡ、提取物SFPSⅢ的10%胎牛血清DEME培养基(药物浓度为0.1mg/mL、0.2mg/mL、0.4mg/mL、0.6mg/mL、0.8mg/mL),并设空白对照组和调零组,每组均设4复孔,继续培养48h。吸去旧培养基,用PBS清洗干净的24孔板细胞中,加入400μL1MNaOH,80℃保温1hr。吹打孔底部,转移液体到EP管中,12000rpm离心5min,4℃离心,取上清。取250微升上清液,在400nm下测定吸光度(用水调0)。
对黑色素瘤细胞株增殖影响的检测结果如图1至图3所示。
由图1至图3可以看出,随着提取物SFPSⅠ、提取物SFPSⅡ、提取物SFPSⅢ浓度的升高,细胞的存活率下降;当提取物SFPSⅠ浓度为0.30mg/mL时,细胞存活率为50%,提取物SFPSⅡ浓度为0.20mg/mL时,细胞存活率为50%,提取物SFPSⅢ浓度为0.70mg/mL时,细胞存活率为50%;羊栖菜三种组分多糖对黑色素瘤细胞株(B16)细胞增殖均显示了较强的抑制作用,其中提取物SFPSⅢ对黑色素瘤细胞株(B16)细胞增殖抑制效果最明显。
对黑色素含量的影响关系如图4至图6所示。由图4至图6可以看出,当提取物SFPSⅠ浓度为0.50mg/mL时,黑色素含量降至原先含量的一半,提取物SFPSⅡ浓度为0.80mg/mL时,黑色素含量降至原先含量的一半,提取物SFPSⅢ浓度为0.80mg/mL时,黑色素含量降至原先含量的一半;羊栖菜组分多糖可以使黑色素含量降低,成量效关系;其中提取物SFPSⅠ对黑色素瘤细胞株(B16)细胞黑色素含量抑制效果最明显。
Claims (3)
1.一种能抑制黑色素瘤的羊栖菜提取物,其特征在于制备方法如下:
将新鲜的羊栖菜洗净后在40-50℃下烘干3.5-5小时,然后粉碎成粒度≤60目的羊栖菜粉末;
向微波超声波组合萃取仪中加入羊栖菜粉末和蒸馏水,微波超声时间为8-12min,温度45-55℃、固液比1:8-12g/mL、超声功率550-650W、微波功率350-450W;
抽滤后取滤液,45-55℃下浓缩至原体积的十分之一,加入无水乙醇使含醇量达30-40%,静置24h,过滤取滤液,45-55℃下浓缩至原体积的五分之一,加入无水乙醇使含醇量达到80%,静置24h,在10000-14000rpm下离心12-18min,取沉淀物;
将沉淀物在-0.08~-0.1MPa下真空干燥,温度为28-32℃,时间10-14h;
将干燥后的沉淀物溶于水中,配成浓度为4-6wt%的水溶液作为工作液,将工作液与Sevage试剂按1:2混合,振摇13-17min,3500-4500rpm下离心4-6min,取上清液;
其中Sevage有机试剂为氯仿:正丁醇=4:1(v/v)的混合物;
将得到的上清液在DEAE-52阴离子交换纤维柱进行吸附洗脱,洗脱条件为:缓冲体系为pH值7.2-7.4的磷酸盐缓冲液,用含0-2M的NaCl溶液等梯度洗脱DEAE-52阴离子交换纤维柱,流速为1mL/min,在波长为215nm下监测洗脱液中提取物含量,见峰收集;收集0.5M~1.0MNaCl下的洗脱液,然后在3.5KD切向流超滤膜下膜浓缩脱盐至原体积的五分之一,真空冷冻干燥,真空度130Pa,温度为-80℃,时间为48h;即得到能抑制黑色素细胞瘤的羊栖菜提取物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的能抑制黑色素瘤的羊栖菜提取物,其特征在于分别收集0.5M、0.75M和1MNaCl下的洗脱液。
3.根据权利要求2所述的能抑制黑色素瘤的羊栖菜提取物,其特征在于收集0.5MNaCl下的洗脱液。
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