CN105604212A - 一种具有火灾防护功能的三层保温墙体 - Google Patents

一种具有火灾防护功能的三层保温墙体 Download PDF

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CN105604212A
CN105604212A CN201511010564.4A CN201511010564A CN105604212A CN 105604212 A CN105604212 A CN 105604212A CN 201511010564 A CN201511010564 A CN 201511010564A CN 105604212 A CN105604212 A CN 105604212A
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有火灾防护功能的三层保温墙体,？属于建筑物的墙技术领域。该保温墙体包括层层叠放的由无机保温材料制成的砖块，砖块制有贯通上、下侧面的第一空腔、第二空腔和第三空腔，第一空腔设于第二空腔和砖块朝向室外的外侧面之间，第三空腔设于第二空腔和砖块朝向室内的内侧面之间，叠放的每个砖块的第一空腔上下连通形成第一通道，叠放的每个砖块的第二空腔上下连通形成第二通道，叠放的每个砖块的第三空腔上下连通形成第三通道，第一通道内填充有有机保温材料，第二通道内设有空气，三层保温墙体上设有与第三通道联通的进口通道和出口通道，进口通道与消防水源相连通。该保温墙体具有建筑节能的效果又可以在火灾发生时有效进行阻断。

Description

一种具有火灾防护功能的三层保温墙体
技术领域
本发明涉及一种保温墙体，属于建筑物的墙技术领域。
背景技术
国外发达国家的建筑能耗占社会总能耗的30%～40%，我国建筑单位面积能耗仍是气候相近发达国家的3～5倍。建筑节能是各种节能途径中潜力最大、最直接的有效的方式。建筑能耗中，通过外墙造成的能耗约占建筑总能耗的60%，因而墙体保温是实现建筑节能的关键。
现有的保温墙体有以下几种：单一材料墙体、内保温复合墙体、外保温墙体和夹芯复合墙体等。据申请人了解，现有的保温墙体有以下缺点：
单一材料墙体虽然构造简单，施工方便，但墙体自身的保温性能与高效保温材料差距悬殊。
内保温墙体虽然保温性能良好，但其保温材料粘贴于承重墙体内侧，导致采用内保温的墙面上难以吊挂物件，甚至安设窗帘盒、散热器都较为困难。
外保温墙体的保温材料外侧无有效防护，墙体整体耐久性差；同时由于施工过程中施工工艺复杂、人工控制过程相对较多，因此施工质量低、施工速度慢，影响了建筑物的节能效率和建筑物的安全性。
夹芯复合墙体的外叶墙体需要层层支承，支承容易腐蚀，墙体整体耐久性差，同时施工过程中施工工艺复杂。
申请人发现，现有的建筑外墙用保温材料均采用有机或无机保温板材。有机保温板材主要使用聚苯乙烯为原料制成，聚苯乙烯是极佳的保温材料，再辅以挤塑而成，形成紧密的蜂窝结构，从而非常有效的阻止热传导，此种板材具有质量轻，价格低廉，化学结构稳定等诸多优点。无机保温板材主要有发泡陶瓷保温板、复合水泥发泡保温板、加气混凝土板、岩棉板等，组成材料基本都为无机材料，具有耐高温、不易燃、防火、耐久长、不老化、无需维护等优点。但是无机材料保温板的保温性能比有机材料保温板稍差，而有机保温材料的热胀系数与水泥的热胀系数存在差值，有机材料保温板会出现脱落的情况，维护费用高并存在着安全隐患。
申请人进一步的发现，通过将保温墙体制为防护火灾的墙体，可以在火灾发生时，有效的减少火灾的危害。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是，针对现有技术不足，提出一种具有建筑节能效果又可以在火灾发生时有效进行阻断的具有火灾防护功能的三层保温墙体。
本发明为解决上述技术问题提出的技术方案是：一种具有火灾防护功能的三层保温墙体，包括层层叠放的由无机保温材料制成的砖块，所述砖块制有贯通上、下侧面的第一空腔、第二空腔和第三空腔，所述第一空腔设于第二空腔和砖块朝向室外的外侧面之间，所述第三空腔设于第二空腔和砖块朝向室内的内侧面之间，叠放的每个砖块的第一空腔上下连通形成第一通道，叠放的每个砖块的第二空腔上下连通形成第二通道，叠放的每个砖块的第三空腔上下连通形成第三通道，所述第一通道内填充有有机保温材料，所述第二通道内设有空气，所述三层保温墙体上设有与第三通道联通的进口通道和出口通道，所述进口通道与消防水源相连通。
本发明采用上述技术方案的有益效果是：1）通过在第一通道内填充有有机保温材料，由有机保温材料提高了本发明的保温性能，由无机保温材料制成的砖块提高了防火效果；2）通过将每个第三空腔上下连通形成第三通道，三层保温墙体上设有与第三通道联通的进口通道和出口通道，进口通道与消防水源相连通，平时在火灾没有发生时，第三通道内是空气，起到保温的功能，在火灾发生时，通过消防水源定向向三层保温墙体内的第三通道内充水，再通过三层保温墙体上的出口通道出水，可以有效的阻断火灾；3）通过将第二通道内设有空气，进一步的提高了本发明的保温性能。
上述技术方案的改进是：所述砖块的至少一侧面设有凸块，所述砖块在与所述一侧面相对的另一侧面设有与所述凸块相配的凹槽。
上述技术方案的改进是：所述凸块和凹槽上均制有相互咬合的条纹。
上述技术方案的改进是：所述出口通道处设有水流雾化装置。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明：
图1是本发明实施例具有火灾防护功能的三层保温墙体的结构示意图；
图2是图1中的砖块结构示意图；
图3是图2的仰视图。
具体实施方式
实施例
本实施例的具有火灾防护功能的三层保温墙体，如图1、图2和图3所示，包括层层叠放的由无机保温材料制成的砖块1。砖块1制有贯通上、下侧面的第一空腔1-1、第二空腔1-2和第三空腔1-3。第一空腔1-1设于第二空腔1-2和砖块朝向室外的外侧面1-4之间，第三空腔1-3设于第二空腔1-2和砖块朝向室内的内侧面1-5之间。
叠放的每个砖块的第一空腔1-1上下连通形成第一通道，叠放的每个砖块的第二空腔1-2上下连通形成第二通道，叠放的每个砖块的第三空腔1-3上下连通形成第三通道。第一通道内填充有有机保温材料，第二通道内设有空气，三层保温墙体上设有与第三通道联通的进口通道1-6和出口通道1-7，进口通道1-6与消防水源相连通。
无机保温材料的砖块可以采用水泥玻化微珠、膨胀珍珠岩、聚苯颗粒或炉渣等制成。有机保温材料可以采用聚苯乙烯等材料。
本实施例的砖块1的至少一侧面设有凸块1-8，砖块在与一侧面相对的另一侧面设有与凸块1-8相配的凹槽1-9。
本实施例的凸块1-8和凹槽1-9上均制有相互咬合的条纹。
本实施例的出口通道1-7处设有水流雾化装置。
本发明不局限于上述实施例。凡采用等同替换形成的技术方案，均落在本发明要求的保护范围。

Claims (1)

1.一种具有火灾防护功能的三层保温墙体，包括层层叠放的由无机保温材料制成的砖块，所述砖块制有贯通上、下侧面的第一空腔、第二空腔和第三空腔，所述第一空腔设于第二空腔和砖块朝向室外的外侧面之间，所述第三空腔设于第二空腔和砖块朝向室内的内侧面之间，其特征在于：叠放的每个砖块的第一空腔上下连通形成第一通道，叠放的每个砖块的第二空腔上下连通形成第二通道，叠放的每个砖块的第三空腔上下连通形成第三通道，所述第一通道内填充有有机保温材料，所述第二通道内设有空气，所述三层保温墙体上设有与第三通道联通的进口通道和出口通道，所述进口通道与消防水源相连通；
所述砖块的至少一侧面设有凸块，所述砖块在与所述一侧面相对的另一侧面设有与所述凸块相配的凹槽，所述凸块和凹槽上均制有相互咬合的条纹；所述出口通道处设有水流雾化装置。
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