CN105586858B - A kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure - Google Patents
A kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN105586858B CN105586858B CN201610137579.5A CN201610137579A CN105586858B CN 105586858 B CN105586858 B CN 105586858B CN 201610137579 A CN201610137579 A CN 201610137579A CN 105586858 B CN105586858 B CN 105586858B
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- diversion tunnel
- tunnel
- occluding body
- diversion
- plugging structure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
- E02B9/02—Water-ways
- E02B9/06—Pressure galleries or pressure conduits; Galleries specially adapted to house pressure conduits; Means specially adapted for use therewith, e.g. housings, valves, gates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of higher diversion tunnel plugging structure of and occluding body safety smaller the invention discloses construction volume, it is especially suitable for the serious diversion tunnels of bottom plate wear.A kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure, including diversion tunnel and the tunnel occluding body being set in diversion tunnel block section, bottom at least part of the tunnel occluding body is embedded in the basement rock on the downside of diversion tunnel.Bottom part in the occluding body insertion basement rock constitutes at least one section of downwardly convex convex teeth portion;The longitudinal section of the convex teeth portion is in inverted trapezoidal;The bottom surface of the convex teeth portion arranges anchor pile.Above structure makes the combination of occluding body and diversion tunnel block section more closely increase the stability against sliding of occluding body, shortens the design length of occluding body, and construction volume is small, and low cost, Concrete Temperature Control is easier to control, improves the safety of occluding body runtime.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering fields, and in particular to a kind of plugging structure, it is especially a kind of to be suitable for water conservancy diversion
The diversion tunnel plugging structure of tunnel bottom plate serious wear.
Background technique
In hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, the diversion tunnel of construction is after completing water conservancy diversion sluicing task, it is necessary to carry out diversion tunnel
Closure to meet the requirement of reservoir impoundment power generation.Traditional diversion tunnel plugging structure is usually the side for using casting concrete plug
What formula was blocked, i.e., the concrete that certain length is poured in diversion tunnel forms the plug for diversion tunnel block section
It fills up, resists upstream water pressure using the frictional force and cohesive force of blocking concrete and diversion tunnel inner wall.
However, for running the longer diversion tunnel of the time limit, the factors such as being worn throughout the year by bed load is influenced, water conservancy diversion
Tunnel segment section bottom plate wear is more serious.Since diversion tunnel bottom plate is to provide the principal contact surfaces of drag, if serious wear
The ability that occluding body resists upstream water pressure will be influenced, the accident risk of occluding body is increased.Diversion tunnel bottom plate wear pair
The influence of occluding body drag is difficult to estimate, i.e. cohesive strength and frictional force calculating parameter value is difficult to quantify, using traditional water conservancy diversion
Tunnel plugging structure is blocked, and when design will take conservative design scheme, so that the design length of plug is significantly
Increase, great in constructing amount, engineering cost is high;Since plug length is longer, temperature control requirement is higher during pouring plug,
The concrete pouring quality of occluding body is difficult to ensure, reduces the safety of diversion tunnel plugging structure;In addition, the too long increasing of plug
Add the construction period, and then affects the power generation duration.Therefore, under the influence of long-term mistake water is constantly worn with bed load
Diversion tunnel bottom plate wear serious situation, the security reliability and cost saving for how improving diversion tunnel occluding body are
One urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
A kind of higher water conservancy diversion tunnel of and occluding body safety smaller the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide construction volume
Hole plugging structure.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:A kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure includes water conservancy diversion tunnel
Hole and the tunnel occluding body being set in diversion tunnel block section, bottom at least part of the tunnel occluding body, which is embedded in, to be led
It flows in the basement rock on the downside of tunnel;A kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure is constructed by following construction methods;
The construction method includes the following steps:
Step 1: lock under diversion tunnel, and in the water outlet cofferdam of diversion tunnel and into hole road construction;
Step 2: waterwall concreting, tunnel occluding body foundation pit forced-ventilated water, upstream and downstream waterwall water seepage treatment;
Step 3: choose diversion tunnel section with 50~60cm of depth punching hole on bottom plate as diversion tunnel block section,
To the cutting of bottom plate lining cutting armored concrete and break process in diversion tunnel block section;
Step 4: the clear base in position of tunnel occluding body to be filled to basement foundation face is then excavated and formed on basement rock
At least one longitudinal section is in the serrate slot of inverted trapezoidal, arranges anchor pile on the bottom surface of serrate slot;
Step 5: installation sealing and template, finally by concreting to diversion tunnel block section, and successively returned
It fills out grouting and consolidation grouting forms tunnel occluding body.
Further, the bottom part in tunnel occluding body insertion basement rock constitute at least one section it is downwardly convex convex
Teeth portion;The longitudinal section of the convex teeth portion is in inverted trapezoidal, including the bottom surface parallel with basement foundation face and is connected to down
Upstream face and back side of the bottom surface along the front and rear ends of water (flow) direction.
Further, the convex teeth portion is two sections or more, two sections or more of convex teeth portion along diversion tunnel axial direction successively
It is connected.
Further, one section of convex teeth portion is 20~30m along the length of diversion tunnel axial direction.
Further, the length of grade of the upstream face is shorter than the length of grade of back side.
Further, the distance between the bottom surface and basement foundation face are 2~5m.
Further, the diversion tunnel plugging structure further includes anchor pile;The anchor pile is set to tunnel occluding body
Interior, lower end is pierced by by the bottom surface of convex teeth portion and is stretched in basement rock and anchors with basement rock.
Further, the bottom surface of each section of convex teeth portion has been pierced by least two rows of anchor piles, every row's anchor pile is by least
Two anchor piles along diversion tunnel axially spaced-apart arrangement form, and the anchor pile in adjacent two rows of anchor piles shifts to install.
Further, every anchor pile includes at least two dowels.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:Diversion tunnel is efficiently solved in the long-term shadow crossing water and constantly wearing with bed load
Lower plate serious wear bring occluding body design challenges are rung, the accident risk of occluding body is reduced.By by tunnel occluding body
Bottom at least part be embedded in the basement rock on the downside of diversion tunnel so that the knot of tunnel occluding body and diversion tunnel block section
It closes more closely, the ability that the tunnel occluding body of unit length resists upstream water pressure is stronger, so that tunnel occluding body
Design length is shorter, and construction volume is small, and engineering cost is low;Since tunnel closure body length is shorter, in the mistake for pouring tunnel occluding body
Temperature is easier to control in journey, and concrete pouring quality is high so that the diversion tunnel plugging structure the runtime safety also more
It is high.The convex teeth portion longitudinal section being embedded in basement rock is in inverted trapezoidal, not only increases tunnel occluding body holistic arrestment slippage stabilization, and its with
The parallel bottom surface in basement foundation face can facilitate arrangement anchor pile, further enhance the stability of tunnel occluding body.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the implementation structural schematic diagram of diversion tunnel plugging structure of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of the line A-A along Fig. 1;
Arrow direction in Fig. 1 is water (flow) direction.
In figure label for:Diversion tunnel 1, tunnel occluding body 2, convex teeth portion 21, upstream face 211, bottom surface 212, back side
213, basement rock 3, anchor pile 4.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to figs. 1 and 2, a kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure, including diversion tunnel 1 and it is set to diversion tunnel 1
Tunnel occluding body 2 in block section, bottom at least part of the tunnel occluding body 2 are embedded in the base of 1 downside of diversion tunnel
In rock 3.Wherein, tunnel occluding body 2 is usually formed by concreting, and bottom, which can be, to be had fully embedded into basement rock 3, can also
Being partially submerged into basement rock 3;The amount that 2 bottom of tunnel occluding body is embedded in basement rock 3 is bigger, insert depth is deeper, corresponding single
The ability that the tunnel occluding body 2 of bit length resists upstream water pressure is stronger, and the diversion tunnel plugging structure runtime is also safer.
It can be various structures, preferably trailing flank inclined upward inclined-plane that tunnel occluding body 2, which is embedded in the bottom part in basement rock,
Structure;The tunnel occluding body 2 of the structure is not influenced by 1 bottom plate wear of diversion tunnel, does not also need shape when diversion tunnel 1 excavates
At setting position is more flexible.Front-rear direction as described herein is determined according to water (flow) direction, using the flow direction of water flow as rear
To.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the tunnel occluding body 2 is embedded in the base portion in basement rock 3
Divide and constitutes at least one section downwardly convex convex teeth portion 21;The longitudinal section of the convex teeth portion 21 be in inverted trapezoidal, convex teeth portion 21 include with
It 3 base surface of basement rock parallel bottom surface 212 and is connected to bottom surface 212 and meets water along the front and rear ends of water (flow) direction
Face 211 and back side 213.Longitudinal section is in the convex teeth portion 21 of inverted trapezoidal, not only makes tunnel occluding body 2 and 1 block section of diversion tunnel
Combination more closely, and back side 213 have guiding role, can under the long term of upstream water pressure, it is biggish
Under the effect of water pressure of upstream or tunnel occluding body 2 is expanded with heat and contract with cold effects volume when becoming smaller, and is lifted up tunnel closure
Body 2 greatly improves tunnel closure so that tunnel occluding body 2 is further closely linked with 1 block section of diversion tunnel
2 holistic arrestment slippage stabilization of body, plugging effect is good, and the runtime is highly-safe.The length of convex teeth portion 21 refers to the length at bottom in inverted trapezoidal
Degree, the upstream water pressure calculation generally resisted as needed determine the length of tunnel occluding body 2 and the quantity of convex teeth portion 21;It is logical
Often, one section of convex teeth portion 21 is 20~30m along the axial length of diversion tunnel 1.3 base surface of basement rock refers to Dam Base Surface, generally
For 3 surface of basement rock after cleaning.
On the basis of the above, in order to which the tunnel occluding body 2 for improving unit length resists the ability of upstream water pressure, and do not increase
Add difficulty of construction and cost, the convex teeth portion 21 is two sections or more;In order to improve the cooperative ability of multistage convex teeth portion 21, further
Improve the whole ability for resisting upstream water pressure of tunnel occluding body 2, two sections or more of convex teeth portion 21 along diversion tunnel 1 it is axial according to
It is secondary to be connected.
Preferably, then as shown in Figure 1, the length of grade of the upstream face 211 is shorter than the length of grade of back side 213.Upstream face 211
Length of grade is shorter than the length of grade of back side 213, and horizontal length of the horizontal length of corresponding upstream face 211 also than back side 213 is short;This
Sample setting can increase the area of back side 213, and because back side 213 is main stress surface, area increase meaning
Unit area stress it is smaller, resist upstream water pressure ability it is stronger, the plugging structure is safer.
In order to guarantee the safety of the diversion tunnel plugging structure, and do not increase difficulty of construction and construction cost, under described
The distance between bottom surface 212 and 3 base surface of basement rock are 2~5m.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, then as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, which further includes
Anchor pile 4;The anchor pile 4 is set in tunnel occluding body 2, and lower end is pierced by and is protruded by the bottom surface 212 of convex teeth portion 21
It is anchored in basement rock 3 with basement rock 3.Anchor pile 4 and basement rock 3 anchor the safety that can further increase diversion tunnel plugging structure
Property, the tunnel occluding body 2 for promoting unit length resists the ability of upstream water pressure, keeps the length of tunnel occluding body 2 shorter, engineering
Cost is lower.
Preferably, the bottom surface 212 of each section of convex teeth portion 21 has been pierced by least two rows of anchor piles 4, and every row's anchor pile 4 is by extremely
Few two anchor piles 4 along 1 axially spaced-apart of diversion tunnel arrangement form, and the dislocation of anchor pile 4 in adjacent two rows of anchor piles 4 is set
It sets.The quantity of length anchor pile 4 according to required for stablizing the diversion tunnel plugging structure of usual bottom surface 212 determines.Tool
Body, every anchor pile 4 includes at least two dowels;It is preferred that using the anchor pile 4 of three dowels composition.The dowel shifted to install
Stake 4 can make full use of the anchor force of each anchor pile 4, so that 4 quantity of anchor pile used under same anchoring effect is most
It is few, it is conducive to save the cost, reduces construction volume.
A kind of construction method of diversion tunnel plugging structure, for any one of the above diversion tunnel plugging structure of constructing;
This method includes the following steps:
Step 1: the lower lock of diversion tunnel 1, and in the water outlet cofferdam of diversion tunnel 1 and into hole road construction;
Step 2: waterwall concreting, 2 foundation pit forced-ventilated water of tunnel occluding body, upstream and downstream waterwall water seepage treatment;
Step 3: 1 section of diversion tunnel chosen with 50~60cm of depth punching hole on bottom plate blocks as diversion tunnel 1
Section, to the cutting of bottom plate lining cutting armored concrete and break process in 1 block section of diversion tunnel;
Step 4: the clear base in position of tunnel occluding body 2 to be filled is then excavated shape on basement rock 3 to 3 base surface of basement rock
It is in the serrate slot of inverted trapezoidal at least one longitudinal section, anchor pile 4 is arranged on the bottom surface of serrate slot;
Step 5: installation sealing and template, finally by concreting to 1 block section of diversion tunnel, and successively carry out
Rockfill grouting and consolidation grouting form tunnel occluding body 2.
Embodiment
The diversion tunnel 1 of certain induced joint Hydropower Project along journey bottom plate have it is different degrees of wash away, even there is steel on surface layer
Muscle is exposed, and range estimation 1 block section bottom plate maximum scour hole depth of diversion tunnel just has 50~60cm, but abutment wall, crown are substantially intact.Root
According to electric power specification《Hydraulic tunnel design specification》(DL/T 5195-2004), and use water conservancy industry specification《Hydraulic tunnel design
Specification》(SL279-2002) it checks, the length that tunnel occluding body 2 is calculated should be 50m, need to be arranged two sections along diversion tunnel
1 axial length is respectively the convex teeth portion 21 of 22m and 28m.
The diversion tunnel plugging structure of the induced joint Hydropower Project, including diversion tunnel 1 and it is set to 1 envelope of diversion tunnel
Tunnel occluding body 2 in stifled section, bottom at least part of the tunnel occluding body 2 are embedded in the basement rock 3 of 1 downside of diversion tunnel
It is interior;The bottom part that the tunnel occluding body 2 is embedded in basement rock constitutes two sections of axial directions along diversion tunnel 1 and is sequentially connected simultaneously downwards
The convex teeth portion 21 of protrusion;The longitudinal section of the convex teeth portion 21 is in inverted trapezoidal, including the bottom surface 212 parallel with 3 base surface of basement rock
And it is connected to upstream face 211 and back side 213 of the bottom surface 212 along the front and rear ends of water (flow) direction;Two sections of convex teeth portions
The distance between 21 bottom surface 212 and 3 base surface of basement rock are 2.45m, and first segment convex teeth portion 21 (is located at the double wedge of front side
Portion 21) upstream face 211, bottom surface 212 and back side 213 horizontal length be followed successively by 5m, 7m and 10m, second segment convex teeth portion
The horizontal length of 21 upstream face 211, bottom surface 212 and back side 213 is followed successively by 5m, 7m and 16m;It is set in tunnel occluding body 2
It is equipped with anchor pile 4, the lower end of anchor pile 4 is pierced by and is stretched in basement rock 3 by the bottom surface 212 of convex teeth portion 21 to be anchored with basement rock 3;
The bottom surface 212 of each section of convex teeth portion 21 has been pierced by five row's anchor piles 4, and every row's anchor pile 4 is by four between 1 axial direction of diversion tunnel
It is formed every the anchor pile 4 of 2m arrangement, the anchor pile 4 in adjacent two rows of anchor piles 4 shifts to install;The every arrangement of anchor pile 4 three
Root diameter is the reinforcing bar of 32mm.
It constructs the method for above-mentioned diversion tunnel plugging structure, includes the following steps:
Step 1: the lower lock of diversion tunnel 1, and in the water outlet cofferdam of diversion tunnel 1 and into hole road construction;
Step 2: waterwall concreting, 2 foundation pit forced-ventilated water of tunnel occluding body, upstream and downstream waterwall water seepage treatment;
Step 3: to the cutting of bottom plate lining cutting armored concrete and break process in 1 block section of diversion tunnel;
Step 4: the clear base in position of tunnel occluding body 2 to be filled is then excavated shape on basement rock 3 to 3 base surface of basement rock
It is sequentially connected at two and longitudinal section is in the serrate slot of inverted trapezoidal;The depth of two serrate slots is 2.45m, first serrate slot
The horizontal length of the front bevel of the serrate slot of front side (be located at), bottom surface and back bevel is followed successively by 5m, 7m and 10m, second tooth
The horizontal length of the front bevel of shape slot, bottom surface and back bevel is followed successively by 5m, 7m and 16m;It is arranged on the bottom surface of each serrate slot
Five row's anchor piles 4, every row's anchor pile 4 are formed by four along the anchor pile 4 that 1 axially spaced-apart 2m of diversion tunnel is arranged, and adjacent two
Anchor pile 4 in row's anchor pile 4 shifts to install;Every anchor pile 4 arranges that three diameters are the reinforcing bar of 32mm;
Step 5: installation sealing and template, finally by concreting to 1 block section of diversion tunnel, and successively carry out
Rockfill grouting and consolidation grouting form tunnel occluding body 2.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure is sealed including diversion tunnel (1) and the tunnel being set in diversion tunnel (1) block section
Stifled body (2), it is characterised in that:Bottom at least part of the tunnel occluding body (2) is embedded in the base on the downside of diversion tunnel (1)
In rock (3);A kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure is constructed by following construction methods;
The construction method includes the following steps:
Step 1: lock under diversion tunnel (1), and in the water outlet cofferdam of diversion tunnel (1) and into hole road construction;
Step 2: waterwall concreting, tunnel occluding body (2) foundation pit forced-ventilated water, upstream and downstream waterwall water seepage treatment;
Step 3: diversion tunnel (1) section chosen with 50~60cm of depth punching hole on bottom plate is blocked as diversion tunnel (1)
Section, to the cutting of bottom plate lining cutting armored concrete and break process in diversion tunnel (1) block section;
Step 4: the clear base in position of tunnel occluding body (2) to be filled is then excavated on basement rock (3) to basement rock (3) base surface
The serrate slot that at least one longitudinal section is in inverted trapezoidal is formed, arranges anchor pile (4) on the bottom surface of serrate slot;
Step 5: installation sealing and template, finally by concreting to diversion tunnel (1) block section, and successively returned
It fills out grouting and consolidation grouting forms tunnel occluding body (2).
2. a kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Tunnel occluding body (2) insertion
Bottom part in basement rock (3) constitutes at least one section of downwardly convex convex teeth portion (21);The longitudinal section of the convex teeth portion (21) is in
Inverted trapezoidal including the bottom surface (212) parallel with basement rock (3) base surface and is connected to bottom surface (212) along water flow side
To front and rear ends upstream face (211) and back side (213).
3. a kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:The convex teeth portion (21) be two sections with
On, two sections or more of convex teeth portion (21) is sequentially connected along the axial direction of diversion tunnel (1).
4. a kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:One section of convex teeth portion (21) is along water conservancy diversion tunnel
The length of hole (1) axial direction is 20~30m.
5. a kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:The length of grade of the upstream face (211)
Length of grade than back side (213) is short.
6. a kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:The bottom surface (212) and basement rock
(3) the distance between base surface is 2~5m.
7. a kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure as described in any one of claim 2 to 6, it is characterised in that:The diversion tunnel
Plugging structure further includes anchor pile (4);The anchor pile (4) is set in tunnel occluding body (2), and lower end is by convex teeth portion (21)
Bottom surface (212) be pierced by and stretch in basement rock (3) and anchored with basement rock (3).
8. a kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that:The bottom of each section of convex teeth portion (21)
Face (212) has been pierced by least two rows of anchor piles (4), and every row's anchor pile (4) is by least two along diversion tunnel (1) axially spaced-apart cloth
The anchor pile (4) set forms, and the anchor pile (4) in adjacent two rows of anchor piles (4) shifts to install.
9. a kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that:Every anchor pile (4) includes at least
Two dowels.
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CN201610137579.5A CN105586858B (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2016-03-10 | A kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure |
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CN201610137579.5A CN105586858B (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2016-03-10 | A kind of diversion tunnel plugging structure |
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CN105586858B true CN105586858B (en) | 2018-11-30 |
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CN107605511A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-19 | 中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Cavern's plug peripheral water stopping structure and its construction method |
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CN107908866B (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2023-05-30 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Method for designing length of straight cylindrical plug of diversion tunnel |
CN108867587A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-11-23 | 贵州大学 | A kind of plugging structure of the permanent plug of water conservancy diversion tunnel |
CN110004959B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2021-04-27 | 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司 | Quick construction method and template for concrete cofferdam in flowing water environment |
CN110409390A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-11-05 | 武汉大学 | A kind of the sawtooth pattern concrete plug and its construction method of Construction for Hydroelectric Project diversion tunnel |
CN114233390B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-07-25 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Auxiliary gallery plugging structure suitable for weak surrounding rock and calculation method thereof |
CN114960483B (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2024-01-12 | 浙江华东工程建设管理有限公司 | Diversion tail water hole reconstruction plugging head upstream permanent drainage structure and drainage method |
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