CN105575453A - Composite dynamic isotope battery based on nanometer materials and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite dynamic isotope battery based on nanometer materials and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105575453A CN105575453A CN201511005242.0A CN201511005242A CN105575453A CN 105575453 A CN105575453 A CN 105575453A CN 201511005242 A CN201511005242 A CN 201511005242A CN 105575453 A CN105575453 A CN 105575453A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
- G21H1/00—Arrangements for obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, e.g. from radioactive isotopes, nuclear or atomic batteries
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- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
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- G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
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Abstract
Provided is a composite dynamic isotope battery based on nanometer materials. The battery comprises a heat source structure, a transduction structure, and an inert gas pipe, the heat source structure comprises a heat source cavity and a heat source device, the heat source cavity comprises a heat source cavity shell, a heat reflection layer, and a pneumatic check valve, the heat source device comprises a radiation source, a heat conduction cylinder, and a radiation-resistant layer, the heat source device is packaged and fixed in the heat source cavity, the transduction structure comprises a piezoelectric energy collecting circuit, and a nanowire piezoelectric assembly and a nanometer thermoelectric assembly arranged on the inner surface and the outer surface of a wall of the inert gas pipe, the nanowire piezoelectric assembly is connected with a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the battery via the piezoelectric energy collecting circuit, the nanometer thermoelectric assembly is directly connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery, the heat source structure is connected with the transduction structure via the inert gas pipe, the battery structure is fixed by an inner package, and the surface of the inner package is provided with an external packaging layer. According to the battery, the technical bottleneck of the conventional dynamic isotope battery is broken through, the energy converting efficiency is high, the lifetime is long, the adaptability is high, and cleanness and environmental protection are realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to isotope battery field, be specifically related to a kind of based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type; The invention still further relates to a kind of preparation method based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type.
Background technology
Atomic nucleus composition (or energy state) spontaneously changes, and the isotope simultaneously radiating ray is called radioactive isotope.Radioisotope battery, be called for short isotope battery, directly utilize radioisotope decays to discharge just electric energy that ray has or the energy conversion utilizing energy transducer radioisotope decays to be discharged ray becomes electric energy, and electric energy is exported, thus reach power supply object.There is due to isotope battery the advantages such as service life is long, environmental suitability is strong, good operating stability, Maintenance free, miniaturization, be widely used at key areas such as military and national defense, space flight navigation, polar region detection, biologic medical, electronics industries at present.
First isotope battery is proposed in 1913 by English physicist HenryMosley, and the research of Related Isotopes battery mainly concentrates in 50 years in the past, and it can be divided into four classes: the 1. research of static radiation hot-cast socket mode isotope battery; 2. dynamically thermoelectricity is changed the mechanism the research of (dynamic type) isotope battery; 3. the research of radiation volta effect isotope battery; 4. other radiation effects are changed the mechanism the research of isotope battery.The result of study of above-mentioned four class isotope batteries shows, the low general character place being still current isotope battery of energy conversion efficiency.The development of the isotope battery of static radiation hot-cast socket mode mainly has benefited from the research and development of State-level, particularly the change the mechanism design and manufaction of isotope battery of thermal type thermoelectricity is gradually improved in the U.S. at present, but the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of static radiation hot-cast socket mode isotope battery is still lower at present, be only 4% ~ 8%, region significantly reduces, civil nature process is comparatively difficult to cause it to use.Radiation volta effect isotope battery take semiconductor material as transducing unit, isotope battery device miniaturization can be realized, expand the range of application of isotope battery, and achieve certain research effect along with the develop rapidly of material science, but there is the problem of long-term irradiation lower semiconductor material property degradation in radiation volta effect isotope battery, reduces the serviceable life of radiation volta effect isotope battery.Compare with radiation volta effect isotope battery with static radiation hot-cast socket mode isotope battery, dynamic type isotope battery has higher energy conversion efficiency, become the important research direction of current isotope battery, but the technical bottlenecks such as the inertia vector influence system stability that conventional dynamic type isotope battery exists the component lubrication difficulty that runs up, high-speed rotation produces.A kind of above-mentioned technical bottleneck that can break through the existence of conventional dynamic type isotope battery based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope battery that the present invention proposes, promotes the energy conversion efficiency of dynamic type isotope battery simultaneously largely.
Summary of the invention
The first technical matters that the present invention will solve is to provide a kind of based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type, this isotope battery can break through the technical bottleneck of the inertia vector influence system stability that conventional dynamic type isotope battery exists the component lubrication difficulty that runs up, high-speed rotation produces, and has the features such as energy conversion efficiency is high, output power large, good operating stability, green economy.Second technical matters that the present invention will solve is to provide a kind of preparation method based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type.
The present invention is for the one solving above-mentioned first technical matters and provide is based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type: comprise heat source configurations, transducing structure and inert gas duct, heat source configurations comprises thermal source cavity and heat power supply device, thermal source cavity comprises thermal source shell cavity, thermal source shell cavity inside surface is provided with heat-reflecting layer, the gradual change of thermal source shell cavity two ends is shunk and is connected with inert gas duct by Pneumatic check valve, heat power supply device comprises establishes heat-conducting cylinder with dissection, radioactive charging in heat-conducting cylinder interlayer, in heat-conducting cylinder, outer wall is equipped with radiation protective layer, heat power supply device is packaged in heat power supply device shell, heat power supply device outer surface of outer cover is evenly provided with three fixed supports, heat power supply device utilizes screw to be fixed on thermal source shell cavity by fixed support, through hole is provided with in the middle of heat power supply device, transducing structure comprises nano wire piezoelectric element and nanometer thermoelectric assembly, nano wire piezoelectric element is fixed on inert gas duct wall inside surface, nano wire piezoelectric element two ends are provided with the first electricity output electrode, nanometer thermoelectric assembly is fixed on inert gas duct wall outside surface, and nanometer thermoelectric assembly two ends are provided with the second electricity output electrode, first electricity output electrode is connected with piezoelectric energy collecting circuit input end by wire, and piezoelectric energy collecting circuit output terminal is connected with anode, battery cathode respectively by wire with the second electricity output electrode, be filled with inert gas in thermal source cavity and inert gas duct, inert gas forms airflow circulating in thermal source cavity and inert gas duct, in utilizing, encapsulating material is by fixing to heat source configurations, transducing structure and inert gas duct encapsulation, and make interior encapsulation, the outside surface of interior encapsulation is provided with outer package layer.
Nano wire piezoelectric element is connected to form by wire by the nano wire piezoelectric unit that eight are evenly fixed on inert gas duct wall inside surface, and nano wire piezoelectric unit comprises the first dielectric substrate, nano-comb, the second dielectric substrate and metal electrode layer; Nanometer thermoelectric assembly is connected to form by wire by the nanometer thermoelectric unit that 16 are evenly fixed on inert gas duct wall outside surface, and nanometer thermoelectric unit comprises the 3rd dielectric substrate, metallic conductor, p-type nanometer thermoelectric element and N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element.
According to the requirement of actual working environment, support bracket fastened quantity can be increased; According to the demand of output voltage electric current during practical application, the dosage size of adjustable radioactive source, the quantity of changeable nano wire piezoelectric unit and nanometer thermoelectric unit, nano wire piezoelectric unit is connected to form nano wire piezoelectric element by the mode that series, parallel or connection in series-parallel can be selected to combine, nanometer thermoelectric unit is connected to form nanometer thermoelectric assembly, to meet design parameter requirement by the mode that series, parallel or connection in series-parallel also can be selected to combine.
Thermal source shell cavity, heat power supply device shell, fixed support, screw are identical with the material of inert gas duct wall, can be 316 stainless steels, 304 stainless steels or 310 stainless steels; The material of heat-reflecting layer can be Al
2o
3; The material of radiation protective layer can be tantalum alloy, thin film lead, organic glass and iron composite material, resin and nanometer lead composite material or resin and nano-sulfur lead plumbate compound substance; The material of heat-conducting cylinder can be BN; Radioactive source can be αsource: Am-241, Po-210, Pu-238 or Pu-238 oxide, also can be radiator beta-ray: H-3, Ni-63, Pm-147, Sr-90, Sm-151 or C-14; Pneumatic check valve can adopt JKT-420Mpa Pneumatic check valve; First dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate are identical with the material of the 3rd dielectric substrate, can be SiO
2, silica gel or epoxy resin; The material of nano-comb can be PbZrTiO
3, ZnO or GaN; Metal electrode layer can be Au, Pd, Pt, Al, Cu, Ni or Ti film; The material of metallic conductor can be metal A u, Pd, Pt, Al, Cu, Ni or Ti; Piezoelectric energy collecting circuit can adopt LTC3588-1 model chip; Wire can adopt GN500 nickel-clad copper core height fire-resistant wire; The material of p-type nanometer thermoelectric element can be p-type BiSbTe nano material, p-type SiGe nano material or p-type Bi
2se
3nano material, the material of N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element can be N-shaped Yb
xco
4sb
12filled skutterudite nano material; Inert gas can be Ar or Ne; The material of interior encapsulation can be vinyldimethicone compound substance; The material of outer package layer can be FeNi kovar alloy.
The present invention solves a kind of preparation method based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type that above-mentioned second technical matters is taked, comprise preparation heat source configurations, prepare transducing structure, assembly battery structure, filling interior encapsulating material and prepare outer package layer, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) heat source configurations is prepared
A, heating quenching high temperature resistant stainless steel are made into the thermal source shell cavity of design shape;
B, prepare heat-reflecting layer at thermal source shell cavity inside surface brushing heat-reflecting layer material;
C, forge fixed support with high temperature resistant stainless steel, fixed support is welded in heat power supply device outer surface of outer cover;
D, by fixed support, heat power supply device is fixed on thermal source shell cavity with screw;
E, thermal source shell cavity two ends assembling Pneumatic check valve.
(2) transducing structure is prepared
A, make the first dielectric substrate, and adopt hydro-thermal method at the first dielectric substrate upper surface synthesis of nano line, prepare nano-comb;
B, make the second dielectric substrate, adopt sputtering method to prepare metallic film as metal electrode layer at the second dielectric substrate upper surface;
C, with cementing agent, the first dielectric substrate lower surface and metal electrode layer upper surface to be bondd, make nano wire piezoelectric unit;
D, with cementing agent, nano wire piezoelectric unit is fixed on inert gas duct wall inside surface, makes nano wire piezoelectric element, with wire, nano wire piezoelectric unit is connected in a series arrangement, make the first electricity output electrode;
E, making the 3rd dielectric substrate, be connected p-type nanometer thermoelectric element in a series arrangement with N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element with metallic conductor, and be vertically fixed on the 3rd insulated substrate surface with cementing agent, make nanometer thermoelectric unit;
F, with cementing agent, nanometer thermoelectric unit is fixed on inert gas duct wall outside surface, makes nanometer thermoelectric assembly, with wire, nanometer thermoelectric unit is connected in a series arrangement, make the second electricity output electrode.
(3) assembly battery structure
A, by thermal source shell cavity connect inert gas duct airflow outlet end dock with one end of nano wire piezoelectric element place inert gas duct, during docking, take rubber washer as pad, adopt external reinforcement fixed structure to assemble;
B, being docked inert gas duct airflow outlet end one end with nanometer thermoelectric assembly place inert gas duct in nano wire piezoelectric element place, during docking, take rubber washer as pad, adopts external reinforcement fixed structure to assemble;
C, by nanometer thermoelectric assembly place inert gas duct airflow outlet end and thermal source shell cavity be connected inert gas duct air flow inlet end dock, during docking, take rubber washer as pad, adopt external reinforcement fixed structure to assemble, and be filled with inert gas;
D, the first electricity output electrode be connected with piezoelectric energy collecting circuit input end by wire, the output terminal of piezoelectric energy collecting circuit is connected with anode, battery cathode respectively by wire with the second electricity output electrode.
(4) filling interior encapsulating material with prepare outer package layer
A, the battery structure adopting the filling method of mould interior encapsulating material assembly to be completed are filling closed, and ambient temperatare puts more than 12 hours curing moldings, encapsulation in preparation;
B, at the coated outer package layer material of interior package surface, interface fluid sealant is fixed, and prepares outer package layer.
Sputtering method can also be adopted to prepare heat-reflecting layer at thermal source shell cavity inside surface in above-mentioned steps (1) b; Method of electrostatic spinning can also be adopted in above-mentioned steps (2) a at the first dielectric substrate upper surface synthesis of nano line; Evaporation or electro-plating method can also be adopted to prepare metal electrode layer at the second dielectric substrate upper surface in above-mentioned steps (2) b.
The principle of institute of the present invention foundation is: the ray discharged when decay occurs radioactive isotope incides in transducing unit, the Conversion of Energy of ray is heat energy, by high heat conductive material, the heat energy in transducing unit is passed to energy transducer (thermoelectric element, heat engine, turbine) and realize heat energy to electric transformation of energy, release the inert gas after energy and get back to thermal source cavity, again added thermosetting closed cycle by heat power supply device.In like manner, what the present invention mentioned a kind ofly realizes based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type the process that electricity exports and can be described as successively: the ray discharged during radioisotope decays and heat-conducting cylinder and radiation protective layer effect produce heat energy; Inert gas in the energy heats utilizing heat-conducting cylinder and radiation protective layer to have is high temperature resistant cavity makes it expand and forms high velocity air; High velocity air directly acts on nano wire piezoelectric element and realizes mechanical energy that high velocity air has to electric transformation of energy; Subsequently, the residue heat energy of inert gas is electric energy by nanometer thermoelectric components translate again, and flows back to thermal source cavity through Pneumatic check valve and again heated, and then forms stable airflow circulating.
Isotope battery provided by the invention is by adopting nano wire piezoelectric and nano pyroelectric material to be transductive material, effectively breach the technical bottleneck of conventional dynamic type radioisotope battery, achieve the lifting of dynamic type isotope battery energy conversion efficiency simultaneously, there is clean environment firendly, the life-span be long, applicability is strong, feature that energy conversion efficiency is high, easy to implement, can work long hours in deep space deep-sea and polar region field of detecting, meet the green of energy demand, clean, universality further.Compared with prior art, main beneficial effect is as follows:
1, the present invention adopts piezoelectric effect to be generating mechanism, breach the technical bottleneck of the inertia vector influence system stability that conventional dynamic type radioisotope battery is confined to the component lubrication difficulty that runs up of institute's output under heat engine or turbine generation pattern, high-speed rotation produces, to the dynamic type isotope battery research of a new generation, there is reference value.
2, the piezoelectric element that the present invention adopts the nano wire piezoelectric of high electromechanical coupling factor to combine nanometer comb is the first inverting element, effectively improves the energy conversion efficiency of battery.
3, the present invention adopts nanometer thermoelectric assembly to be that the second inverting element carries out secondary collection conversion to inert gas energy, improves cell power conversion efficiency to large extent, and meets energy source green and environment-friendly, integrated efficient, economic pervasive requirement.
4, the electric energy that piezoelectric energy collecting circuit and nanometer thermoelectric assembly are changed exports with parallel form by the present invention, compensate for nanometer piezoelectric electricity output HIGH voltage, low current and low power deficiency, effectively improves the output power of battery.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type;
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal section view of heat source configurations;
Fig. 3 is the radial structure schematic diagram of nano wire piezoelectric element;
Fig. 4 is the radial structure schematic diagram of nanometer thermoelectric assembly;
Fig. 5 to Figure 21 makes a kind of fabrication processing figure based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type.
In figure: 1-thermal source cavity, 2-thermal source shell cavity, 3-heat-reflecting layer, 4-heat power supply device shell, 5-radiation protective layer, 6-heat-conducting cylinder, 7-radioactive source, 8-fixed support, 9-screw, 10-through hole, 11-Pneumatic check valve, 12-nano wire piezoelectric element, 13-first electricity output electrode, 14-piezoelectric energy collecting circuit, 15-anode, 16-battery cathode, 17-wire, 18-nanometer thermoelectric assembly, 19-second electricity output electrode, 20-inert gas duct, 21-inert gas duct wall, 22-inert gas, encapsulation in 23-, 24-outer package layer, 25-nano wire piezoelectric unit, 26-nanometer thermoelectric unit, 27-first dielectric substrate, 28-nano-comb, 29-second dielectric substrate, 30-metal electrode layer, 31-the 3rd dielectric substrate, 32-metallic conductor, 33-p type nanometer thermoelectric element, 34-n type nanometer thermoelectric element.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, content of the present invention is described further.
cell embodiments;
See Fig. 1, a kind of based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type, comprise heat source configurations, transducing structure and inert gas duct 20, heat source configurations comprises thermal source cavity 1 and heat power supply device, thermal source cavity 1 comprises thermal source shell cavity 2, thermal source shell cavity 2 inside surface is provided with heat-reflecting layer 3, the gradual change of thermal source shell cavity 2 two ends is shunk and is connected with inert gas duct 20 by Pneumatic check valve 11, heat power supply device comprises establishes heat-conducting cylinder 6 with dissection, radioactive charging 7 in heat-conducting cylinder 6 interlayer, in heat-conducting cylinder 6, outer wall is equipped with radiation protective layer 5, heat power supply device is packaged in heat power supply device shell 4, heat power supply device utilizes screw 9 to be fixed on thermal source shell cavity 2 by fixed support 8, through hole 10 is provided with in the middle of heat power supply device, transducing structure comprises nano wire piezoelectric element 12 and nanometer thermoelectric assembly 18, nano wire piezoelectric element 12 is fixed on inert gas duct wall 21 inside surface, nano wire piezoelectric element 12 two ends are provided with the first electricity output electrode 13, nanometer thermoelectric assembly 18 is fixed on inert gas duct wall 21 outside surface, and nanometer thermoelectric assembly 18 two ends are provided with the second electricity output electrode 19, first electricity output electrode 13 is connected with piezoelectric energy collecting circuit 14 input end by wire 17, and the output terminal of piezoelectric energy collecting circuit 14 is connected with anode 15, battery cathode 16 respectively by wire 17 with the second electricity output electrode 19, inert gas 22 forms airflow circulating in thermal source cavity 1 and inert gas duct 20, and arrow is the flow direction of inert gas 22, in utilizing, encapsulating material is by heat source configurations, the fixing encapsulation of transducing structure inert gas duct 20, and make interior encapsulation 23, the outside surface of interior encapsulation 23 is provided with outer package layer 24.
See Fig. 2, heat power supply device shell 4 outside surface is evenly provided with three fixed supports 8, and heat power supply device utilizes screw 9 to be fixed on thermal source shell cavity 2 by fixed support 8, is provided with through hole 10 in the middle of heat power supply device.
See Fig. 3, be evenly provided with eight nano wire piezoelectric units 25 at inert gas duct wall 21 inside surface, composition nano wire piezoelectric element 12.
See Fig. 4, be evenly provided with 16 nanometer thermoelectric unit 26 at inert gas duct wall 21 outside surface, composition nanometer thermoelectric assembly 18.
See Figure 12, nano wire piezoelectric unit 25 comprises nano-comb 28, first dielectric substrate 27, metal electrode layer 30 and the second dielectric substrate 29 that set gradually from bottom to top.
See Figure 14, nanometer thermoelectric unit comprises the 3rd dielectric substrate 31, metallic conductor 32, p-type nanometer thermoelectric element 33 and N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element 34, p-type nanometer thermoelectric element 33 is connected by metallic conductor 32 head and the tail successively with N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element 34, and is vertically fixed on the 3rd dielectric substrate 31 surface.
Thermal source shell cavity 2, heat power supply device shell 4, fixed support 8, screw 9 are identical with the material of inert gas duct wall 21, are 316 stainless steels; The material of heat-reflecting layer 3 is Al
2o
3; The material of radiation protective layer 5 is tantalum alloy; The material of heat-conducting cylinder 6 is BN; Radioactive source 7 is αsource Am-241; Pneumatic check valve 11 adopts JKT-420Mpa Pneumatic check valve; First dielectric substrate 27, second dielectric substrate 29 is identical with the material of the 3rd dielectric substrate 31, is SiO
2; The nano wire material of nano-comb 28 is PbZrTiO
3; Metal electrode layer 30 is Pt film; The material of metallic conductor 32 is Pt metal; Piezoelectric energy collecting circuit 14 adopts LTC3588-1 model chip; Wire 17 adopts GN500 nickel-clad copper core height fire-resistant wire; The material of p-type nanometer thermoelectric element 33 is p-type BiSbTe nano material, and the material of N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element 34 is N-shaped Yb
xco
4sb
12filled skutterudite nano material; Inert gas 22 is Ar; The material of interior encapsulation 23 is vinyldimethicone compound substance; The material of outer package layer 24 is FeNi kovar alloy.
battery preparation method embodiment;based on a preparation method for the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) heat source configurations is prepared
A, see Fig. 5, heating quenching 316 stainless steel is made into the thermal source shell cavity 2 of design shape;
B, see Fig. 6, at thermal source shell cavity 2 inside surface brushing Al
2o
3prepare heat-reflecting layer 3;
C, see Fig. 7, with 316 stainless steels forging fixed supports 8, fixed support 8 is welded in heat power supply device shell 4 outside surface;
D, see Fig. 8, by fixed support 8, heat power supply device is fixed on thermal source shell cavity 2 with screw 9;
E, see Fig. 9, at thermal source shell cavity 2 two ends assembling JKT-420MPa Pneumatic check valve 11.
(2) transducing structure is prepared
A, see Figure 10, use SiO
2substrate makes the first dielectric substrate 27, adopts hydro-thermal method at the first dielectric substrate 27 upper surface synthesis PbZrTiO
3monocrystal nanowire, prepares nano-comb 28;
B, see Figure 11, use SiO
2substrate makes the second dielectric substrate 29, adopts sputtering method to prepare Pt metal film as metal electrode layer 30 at the second dielectric substrate 29 upper surface;
C, see Figure 12, with epoxy adhesive, the first dielectric substrate 27 lower surface and metal electrode layer 30 upper surface are bondd, make nano wire piezoelectric unit 25;
D, see Figure 13, with epoxy adhesive, nano wire piezoelectric unit 25 is fixed on the inside surface of inert gas duct wall 21, make nano wire piezoelectric element 12, with GN500 nickel-clad copper core height fire-resistant wire 17, nano wire piezoelectric unit 25 is connected in a series arrangement, make the first electricity output electrode 13;
E, see Figure 14, use SiO
2substrate makes the 3rd dielectric substrate 31, with Pt metal as metallic conductor 32, by nanometer thermoelectric element 33 and the N-shaped Yb of p-type BiSbTe
xco
4sb
12the nanometer thermoelectric element 34 of filled skutterudite connects in a series arrangement, and is vertically fixed on the 3rd dielectric substrate 31 surface with epoxy adhesive, makes nanometer thermoelectric unit 26;
F, see Figure 15, with epoxy adhesive, nanometer thermoelectric unit 26 is fixed on the outside surface of inert gas duct wall 21, make nanometer thermoelectric assembly 18, with GN500 nickel-clad copper core height fire-resistant wire 17, nanometer thermoelectric unit 26 is connected in a series arrangement, make the second electricity output electrode 19.
(3) assembly battery structure
A, see Figure 16, by thermal source shell cavity 2 connect inert gas duct 20 airflow outlet end dock with one end of nano wire piezoelectric element 12 place inert gas duct 20, during docking, take rubber washer as pad, adopt external reinforcement fixed structure to assemble;
B, see Figure 17, being docked inert gas duct 20 endpiece one end with nanometer thermoelectric assembly 18 place inert gas duct 20 in nano wire piezoelectric element 12 place, during docking, take rubber washer as pad, adopts external reinforcement fixed structure to assemble;
C, see Figure 18, by nanometer thermoelectric assembly 18 place inert gas duct 20 endpiece and thermal source cavity 2 be connected inert gas duct 20 air flow inlet end dock, during docking, take rubber washer as pad, adopt external reinforcement fixed structure to assemble, and be filled with Ar as inert gas 22;
D, see Figure 19, first electricity output electrode 13 be connected with LTC3588-1 piezoelectric energy collecting circuit 14 input end by GN500 nickel-clad copper core height fire-resistant wire 17, the output terminal of LTC3588-1 piezoelectric energy collecting circuit 14 is connected with anode 15, battery cathode 16 respectively by GN500 nickel-clad copper core height fire-resistant wire 17 with the second electricity output electrode 19.
(4) filling interior encapsulating material with prepare outer package layer
A, see Figure 20, with vinyldimethicone compound substance as interior encapsulating material, the battery structure adopting mould filling method assembly to be completed is filling to be closed, and ambient temperatare puts more than 12 hours curing moldings, encapsulation 23 in preparation;
B, see Figure 21, at interior encapsulation 23 Surface coating FeNi kovar alloy as outer package layer 24, interface fluid sealant is fixed.
Claims (8)
1. one kind based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type, it is characterized in that: comprise heat source configurations, transducing structure and inert gas duct (20), heat source configurations comprises thermal source cavity (1) and heat power supply device, thermal source cavity (1) comprises thermal source shell cavity (2), thermal source shell cavity (2) inside surface is provided with heat-reflecting layer (3), thermal source shell cavity (2) two ends gradual change is shunk and is passed through Pneumatic check valve (11) and is connected with inert gas duct (20), heat power supply device comprises establishes heat-conducting cylinder with dissection (6), radioactive charging (7) in heat-conducting cylinder (6) interlayer, in heat-conducting cylinder (6), outer wall is equipped with radiation protective layer (5), heat power supply device is packaged in heat power supply device shell (4), heat power supply device utilizes screw (9) to be fixed on thermal source shell cavity (2) by fixed support (8), through hole (10) is provided with in the middle of heat power supply device, transducing structure comprises nano wire piezoelectric element (12) and nanometer thermoelectric assembly (18), nano wire piezoelectric element (12) is fixed on inert gas duct wall (21) inside surface, nano wire piezoelectric element (12) two ends are provided with the first electricity output electrode (13), nanometer thermoelectric assembly (18) is fixed on inert gas duct wall (21) outside surface, and nanometer thermoelectric assembly (18) two ends are provided with the second electricity output electrode (19), first electricity output electrode (13) is connected by the input end of wire (17) with piezoelectric energy collecting circuit (14), and the output terminal of piezoelectric energy collecting circuit (14) is connected with anode (15), battery cathode (16) respectively by wire (17) with the second electricity output electrode (19), inert gas (22) forms airflow circulating in thermal source cavity (1) and inert gas duct (20), in utilizing, encapsulating material is by fixing to heat source configurations, transducing structure, piezoelectric energy collecting circuit (14) and inert gas duct (20) encapsulation, and make interior encapsulation (23), the outside surface of interior encapsulation (23) is provided with outer package layer (24).
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type; It is characterized in that: heat power supply device shell (4) outside surface is evenly provided with three fixed supports (8); Nano wire piezoelectric element (12) is connected to form by wire (17) by the nano wire piezoelectric unit (25) that eight are evenly fixed on inert gas duct wall (21) inside surface; Nanometer thermoelectric assembly (18) is connected to form by wire (17) by the nanometer thermoelectric unit (26) that 16 are evenly fixed on inert gas duct wall (21) outside surface.
3. as claimed in claim 2 a kind of based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type; It is characterized in that: nano wire piezoelectric unit comprises the first dielectric substrate (27), nano-comb (28), the second dielectric substrate (29) and metal electrode layer (30), first dielectric substrate (27) upper surface is provided with nano-comb (28), second dielectric substrate (29) upper surface is provided with metal electrode layer (30), and the first dielectric substrate (27) lower surface is bonding with metal electrode layer (30); Nanometer thermoelectric unit comprises the 3rd dielectric substrate (31), metallic conductor (32), p-type nanometer thermoelectric element (33) and N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element (34), p-type nanometer thermoelectric element (33) is connected by metallic conductor (32) head and the tail successively with N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element (34), and is vertically fixed on the 3rd dielectric substrate (31) surface.
4. as claimed in claim 3 a kind of based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type; It is characterized in that: the material of the first dielectric substrate (27), the second dielectric substrate (29) and the 3rd dielectric substrate (31) is SiO
2, silica gel or epoxy resin; The material of nano-comb (28) is PbZrTiO
3, ZnO or GaN; Metal electrode layer (30) is Au, Pd, Pt, Al, Cu, Ni or Ti film; The material of p-type nanometer thermoelectric element (33) is p-type BiSbTe nano material, p-type SiGe nano material or p-type Bi
2se
3nano material, the material of N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element (34) is N-shaped Yb
xco
4sb
12filled skutterudite nano material.
5. the one as described in Claims 1-4 any one is based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type; It is characterized in that: thermal source shell cavity (2), heat power supply device shell (4), fixed support (8), screw (9) are identical with the material of inert gas duct wall (21), is 316 stainless steels, 304 stainless steels or 310 stainless steels; Wire (17) adopts GN500 nickel-clad copper core height fire-resistant wire.
6. as claimed in claim 5 a kind of based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type; It is characterized in that: the material of heat-reflecting layer (3) is Al
2o
3; The material of radiation protective layer (5) is tantalum alloy, thin film lead, organic glass and iron composite material, resin and nanometer lead composite material or resin and nano-sulfur lead plumbate compound substance; The material of heat-conducting cylinder (6) is BN; Radioactive source (7) is αsource: Am-241, Po-210, Pu-238 or Pu-238 oxide, or radiator beta-ray: H-3, Ni-63, Pm-147, Sr-90, Sm-151 or C-14.
7. as claimed in claim 6 a kind of based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type; It is characterized in that: Pneumatic check valve (11) is JKT-420Mpa Pneumatic check valve; Piezoelectric energy collecting circuit (14) is LTC3588-1 model chip; Inert gas (22) is Ar or Ne; The material of interior encapsulation (23) is vinyldimethicone compound substance; The material of outer package layer (24) is FeNi kovar alloy.
8. the preparation method based on the dynamic type isotope battery of nano material combined type, it is characterized in that: comprise preparation heat source configurations, prepare transducing structure, assembly battery structure, filling interior encapsulation (23) and prepare outer package layer (24), concrete steps are as follows:
1) heat source configurations is prepared
A, heating quenching high temperature resistant stainless steel are made into the thermal source shell cavity (2) of design shape;
B, prepare heat-reflecting layer (3) in thermal source shell cavity (2) inside surface brushing or sputtering heat-reflecting layer material;
C, forge fixed support (8) with high temperature resistant stainless steel, fixed support (8) is welded in heat power supply device shell (4) outside surface;
D, by fixed support (8), heat power supply device is fixed on thermal source shell cavity (2) with screw (9);
E, thermal source shell cavity (2) two ends assembling Pneumatic check valve (11);
2) transducing structure is prepared
A, make the first dielectric substrate (27), adopt hydro-thermal method or method of electrostatic spinning synthesis of nano line at the first dielectric substrate (27) upper surface, prepare nano-comb (28);
B, make the second dielectric substrate (29), adopt sputtering method, method of evaporating or electro-plating method to prepare metallic film as metal electrode layer (30) at the second dielectric substrate (29) upper surface;
C, with cementing agent, the first dielectric substrate (27) lower surface and metal electrode layer (30) upper surface to be bondd, make nano wire piezoelectric unit (25);
D, with cementing agent, nano wire piezoelectric unit (25) is fixed on inert gas duct wall inside surface, make nano wire piezoelectric element (12), with wire (17), nano wire piezoelectric unit (25) is connected in a series arrangement, make the first electricity output electrode (13);
E, making the 3rd dielectric substrate (31), with metallic conductor (32), p-type nanometer thermoelectric element (33) is connected in a series arrangement with N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element (34), and be vertically fixed on the 3rd dielectric substrate (31) surface with cementing agent, make nanometer thermoelectric unit (26);
F, with cementing agent, nanometer thermoelectric unit (26) is fixed on inert gas duct wall (21) outside surface, makes nanometer thermoelectric assembly (18), with wire, nanometer thermoelectric unit is connected in a series arrangement, make the second electricity output electrode (19);
3) assembly battery structure
A, by thermal source shell cavity (2) connect inert gas duct (20) airflow outlet end dock with the one end at nano wire piezoelectric element (12) place inert gas duct (20), during docking, take rubber washer as pad, adopt external reinforcement fixed structure to assemble;
B, nano wire piezoelectric element (12) place inert gas duct (20) airflow outlet end to be docked with the one end at nanometer thermoelectric assembly (18) place inert gas duct (20), during docking, take rubber washer as pad, adopt external reinforcement fixed structure to assemble;
C, by nanometer thermoelectric assembly (18) place inert gas duct (20) airflow outlet end and thermal source cavity (1) be connected inert gas duct (20) air flow inlet end dock, during docking, take rubber washer as pad, adopt external reinforcement fixed structure to assemble, and be filled with inert gas (22);
D, the first electricity output electrode (13) be connected with piezoelectric energy collecting circuit (14) input end by wire (17), the output terminal of piezoelectric energy collecting circuit (14) is connected (16) with anode (15), battery cathode respectively by wire (17) with the second electricity output electrode (19);
4) filling interior encapsulating material with prepare outer package layer (24)
A, the battery structure adopting the filling method of mould interior encapsulating material assembly to be completed are filling closed, and ambient temperatare puts more than 12 hours curing moldings, encapsulation (23) in preparation;
B, at interior encapsulation (23) Surface coating outer package layer material, interface fluid sealant is fixed, and prepares outer package layer (24).
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| CN107785093A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-03-09 | 壹号元素（广州）科技有限公司 | A kind of isotope battery of disorderly arranged wide forbidden region semi-conductor nano tube/linear |
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| CN107785093A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-03-09 | 壹号元素（广州）科技有限公司 | A kind of isotope battery of disorderly arranged wide forbidden region semi-conductor nano tube/linear |
| US20200090825A1 (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2020-03-19 | South University Of Science And Technology Of China | Dynamic isotope battery |
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| US11929185B2 (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2024-03-12 | South University Of Science And Technology Of China | Dynamic isotope battery |
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