CN105575453B - Composite dynamic isotope battery based on nanometer materials and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite dynamic isotope battery based on nanometer materials and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105575453B CN105575453B CN201511005242.0A CN201511005242A CN105575453B CN 105575453 B CN105575453 B CN 105575453B CN 201511005242 A CN201511005242 A CN 201511005242A CN 105575453 B CN105575453 B CN 105575453B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
- G21H1/00—Arrangements for obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, e.g. from radioactive isotopes, nuclear or atomic batteries
- G21H1/10—Cells in which radiation heats a thermoelectric junction or a thermionic converter
- G21H1/103—Cells provided with thermo-electric generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
- G21H1/00—Arrangements for obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, e.g. from radioactive isotopes, nuclear or atomic batteries
Abstract
Provided is a composite dynamic isotope battery based on nanometer materials. The battery comprises a heat source structure, a transduction structure, and an inert gas pipe, the heat source structure comprises a heat source cavity and a heat source device, the heat source cavity comprises a heat source cavity shell, a heat reflection layer, and a pneumatic check valve, the heat source device comprises a radiation source, a heat conduction cylinder, and a radiation-resistant layer, the heat source device is packaged and fixed in the heat source cavity, the transduction structure comprises a piezoelectric energy collecting circuit, and a nanowire piezoelectric assembly and a nanometer thermoelectric assembly arranged on the inner surface and the outer surface of a wall of the inert gas pipe, the nanowire piezoelectric assembly is connected with a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the battery via the piezoelectric energy collecting circuit, the nanometer thermoelectric assembly is directly connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery, the heat source structure is connected with the transduction structure via the inert gas pipe, the battery structure is fixed by an inner package, and the surface of the inner package is provided with an external packaging layer. According to the battery, the technical bottleneck of the conventional dynamic isotope battery is broken through, the energy converting efficiency is high, the lifetime is long, the adaptability is high, and cleanness and environmental protection are realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to isotope battery field, and in particular to one kind is based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope electricity
Pond；The invention further relates to a kind of preparation method based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope battery.
Background technology
Atom nuclear composition（Or energy state）Spontaneously change, while the isotope for radiating emergent ray is referred to as the same position of radioactivity
Element.Radioisotope battery, abbreviation isotope battery exactly directly discharges emergent ray and is had using radioisotope decays
Some electric energy or the energy that radioisotope decays discharge emergent ray is converted into into electric energy using energy transducer, and by electric energy
Output, so as to reach power supply purpose.Due to isotope battery have service life length, environmental suitability strong, good operating stability,
The advantages of Maintenance free, miniaturization, at present in military and national defense, space flight navigation, polar region detection, biologic medical, electronics industry etc.
Key areas are widely used.
Isotope battery was proposed first by English physicist Henry Mosley in 1913, and relevant isotope battery
Research be concentrated mainly in past 50 years, it can be divided into four classes：1. static radiation hot-cast socket mode isotope battery grinds
Study carefully；2. dynamic thermoelectricity is changed the mechanism（Dynamic type）The research of isotope battery；3. the research of volta effect isotope battery is radiated；
4. other radiation effects are changed the mechanism the research of isotope battery.The result of study of above-mentioned four classes isotope battery shows, energy
It is still that the general character of current isotope battery is located that conversion efficiency is low.The development master of the isotope battery of static radiation hot-cast socket mode
Have benefited from the research and development of State-level, the particularly design of thermal type thermo-electric conversion mechanism isotope battery current with manufacture
It is gradually improved in the U.S., but the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of current static radiation hot-cast socket mode isotope battery is still relatively low, only
4%~8%, cause it to use region significantly to reduce, civil nature process it is more difficult.Radiate volta effect isotope battery partly to lead
Body material is transducing unit, is capable of achieving isotope battery device miniaturization, expands the range of application of isotope battery, and with
Developing rapidly for material science achieves certain research effect, but radiation volta effect isotope battery is present under long-term irradiation
The problem that semiconductor material performance is degenerated, reduces the service life of radiation volta effect isotope battery.With static radiation heat
Conversion regime isotope battery is compared with radiation volta effect isotope battery, and dynamic type isotope battery has higher energy
Conversion efficiency so as to become the important research direction of current isotope battery, but conventional dynamic type isotope battery is present at a high speed
The technical bottlenecks such as the inertia vector influence system stability that running gear lubricating difficulties, high-speed rotation are produced.It is proposed by the present invention
A kind of above-mentioned skill that the presence of conventional dynamic type isotope battery can be broken through based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope battery
Art bottleneck, while largely lifting the energy conversion efficiency of dynamic type isotope battery.
The content of the invention
The invention solves the problems that the first technical problem be to provide a kind of based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope
Battery, the isotope battery can break through conventional dynamic type isotope battery to be had the component lubrication difficulty that runs up, turns at a high speed
The technical bottleneck of the inertia vector influence system stability of movable property life, it is steady with energy conversion efficiency height, output power, work
The features such as qualitative good, green economy.The invention solves the problems that second technical problem be to provide a kind of multiple based on nano material
The preparation method of box-like dynamic type isotope battery.
The present invention is based on the same position of nano material combined type dynamic type to solve one kind that above-mentioned first technical problem is provided
Plain battery：Including heat source configurations, transducing structure and inert gas duct；Heat source configurations include thermal source cavity and heat power supply device, heat
Source chamber body includes thermal source shell cavity, and thermal source shell cavity inner surface is provided with heat-reflecting layer, and the gradual change of thermal source shell cavity two ends is received
Contract and be connected with inert gas duct by Pneumatic check valve, heat power supply device includes setting heat-conducting cylinder with dissection, heat-conducting cylinder interlayer
Interior radioactive charging, the inside and outside wall of heat-conducting cylinder is equipped with radiation protective layer, and heat power supply device is packaged in heat power supply device inside the shell, thermal source dress
Put outer surface of outer cover and be uniformly provided with three fixed supports, heat power supply device is fixed on outside thermal source cavity using screw by fixed support
On shell, through hole is provided with the middle of heat power supply device；Transducing structure includes nano wire piezoelectric element and nanometer thermoelectric component, nano wire piezoelectricity
Component is fixed on inert gas duct wall inner surface, and nano wire piezoelectric element two ends are provided with the first electricity output electrode, nanometer heat
Electrical component is fixed on inert gas duct wall outer surface, and nanometer thermoelectric component two ends are provided with the second electricity output electrode；First is electric
Learn output electrode to be connected with piezoelectric energy collecting circuit input by wire, piezoelectric energy collecting circuit outfan and second electric
Learn output electrode to be connected with anode, battery cathode by wire respectively；Filled with lazy in thermal source cavity and inert gas duct
Property gas, noble gases form circulation of air flow in thermal source cavity and inert gas duct；Thermal source is tied using interior encapsulating material
Structure, transducing structure and inert gas duct fix encapsulation, make interior encapsulation, and the outer surface of interior encapsulation is provided with outer package layer.
Nano wire piezoelectric element is led to by eight nano wire piezoelectric units for being uniformly fixed on inert gas duct wall inner surface
Wire connection composition is crossed, nano wire piezoelectric unit includes the first dielectric substrate, nano-comb, the second dielectric substrate and metal electrode
Layer；Nanometer thermoelectric component is connected by 16 nanometer thermoelectric units for being uniformly fixed on inert gas duct wall outer surface by wire
Composition is connect, nanometer thermoelectric unit includes the 3rd dielectric substrate, metallic conductor, p-type nanometer thermoelectric element and N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric unit
Part.
According to the requirement of actual working environment, support bracket fastened quantity can be increased；According to output voltage during practical application
The demand of electric current, can adjust the quantity of the dosage size of radioactive source, changeable nano wire piezoelectric unit and nanometer thermoelectric unit, can
Select the mode that series, parallel or connection in series-parallel are combined that the connection of nano wire piezoelectric unit is constituted into nano wire piezoelectric element, it is also optional
The mode of series, parallel or connection in series-parallel combination is selected by nanometer thermoelectric unit connection composition nanometer thermoelectric component, to meet concrete ginseng
Number is required.
Thermal source shell cavity, heat power supply device shell, fixed support, screw are identical with the material of inert gas duct wall, can
Being 316 rustless steels, 304 rustless steels or 310 rustless steels；The material of heat-reflecting layer can be Al2O3；The material of radiation protective layer can
Being tantalum alloy, thin film lead, lucite and iron composite material, resin and nanometer lead composite material or resin and nanometer lead sulfate
Composite；The material of heat-conducting cylinder can be BN；Radioactive source can be αsource：Am-241, Po-210, Pu-238 or Pu-
238 oxides, or radiator beta-ray：H-3, Ni-63, Pm-147, Sr-90, Sm-151 or C-14；Pneumatic check valve can be adopted
Use JKT-420Mpa Pneumatic check valves；First dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate are identical with the material of the 3rd dielectric substrate, can be with
It is SiO2, silica gel or epoxy resin；The material of nano-comb can be PbZrTiO3, ZnO or GaN；Metal electrode layer can be Au,
Pd, Pt, Al, Cu, Ni or Ti thin film；The material of metallic conductor can be metal Au, Pd, Pt, Al, Cu, Ni or Ti；Piezoelectric energy
Collecting circuit can adopt LTC3588-1 model chips；Wire can adopt the high fire-resistant wire of GN500 nickel plating copper cores；P-type nanometer
The material of thermoelement can be p-type BiSbTe nano material, p-type SiGe nano material or p-type Bi2Se3Nano material, N-shaped is received
The material of rice thermoelement can be N-shaped YbxCo4Sb12Filled skutterudite nano material；Noble gases can be Ar or Ne；It is interior
The material of encapsulation can be vinyldimethicone composite；The material of outer package layer can be that FeNi can cut down conjunction
Gold.
One kind that above-mentioned second technical problem of present invention solution is taken is based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope
The preparation method of battery, including prepare heat source configurations, prepare transducing structure, assemble battery structure, encapsulating material and system in fill
Standby outer package layer, comprises the following steps that：
（1）Prepare heat source configurations
A, heating quenching high temperature resistant stainless steel are fabricated to the thermal source shell cavity of design shape；
B, prepare heat-reflecting layer in thermal source shell cavity inner surface brushing heat-reflecting layer material；
C, with high temperature resistant stainless steel forge fixed support, fixed support is welded in into heat power supply device outer surface of outer cover；
D, with screw heat power supply device is fixed on thermal source shell cavity by fixed support；
E, thermal source shell cavity two ends assemble Pneumatic check valve.
（2）Prepare transducing structure
A, the first dielectric substrate of making, and nano wire is synthesized in the first dielectric substrate upper surface using hydro-thermal method, preparation is received
Rice comb；
B, the second dielectric substrate of making, metallic film is prepared as gold in the second dielectric substrate upper surface using sputtering method
Category electrode layer；
C, the first dielectric substrate lower surface and metal electrode layer upper surface are bondd with binding agent, make nano wire piezoelectricity list
Unit；
D, nano wire piezoelectric unit is fixed on into inert gas duct wall inner surface with binding agent, makes nano wire piezoelectricity group
Part, is in a series arrangement connected nano wire piezoelectric unit with wire, makes the first electricity output electrode；
E, the 3rd dielectric substrate is made, with metallic conductor by p-type nanometer thermoelectric element and N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element connecting
Mode connects, and is perpendicularly fixed at the 3rd insulated substrate surface with binding agent, makes nanometer thermoelectric unit；
F, nanometer thermoelectric unit is fixed on into inert gas duct wall outer surface with binding agent, makes nanometer thermoelectric component,
Nanometer thermoelectric unit is connected in a series arrangement with wire, makes the second electricity output electrode.
（3）Assemble battery structure
A, the airflow outlet end that thermal source shell cavity is connected inert gas duct and nano wire piezoelectric element are located lazy
Property gas pipeline one end docking, during docking, with rubber washer as pad, assembled using additional fixed structure；
B, by nano wire piezoelectric element place inert gas duct airflow outlet end and nanometer thermoelectric component place indifferent gas
One end docking of body pipeline, during docking, with rubber washer as pad, is assembled using additional fixed structure；
C, nanometer thermoelectric component place inert gas duct airflow outlet end is connected into indifferent gas with thermal source shell cavity
The air flow inlet end docking of body pipeline, during docking, with rubber washer as pad, is assembled using additional fixed structure, and is filled
Enter noble gases；
D, the first electricity output electrode is connected by wire with piezoelectric energy collecting circuit input, piezoelectric energy is collected
The outfan of circuit and the second electricity output electrode are connected respectively by wire with anode, battery cathode.
（4）In fill encapsulating material with prepare outer package layer
A, using mould fill method with interior encapsulating material will assemble complete battery structure fill closing, place ten under room temperature
Molding cured above in two hours, prepares interior encapsulation；
B, outer package layer material is coated in interior package surface, seam fixed with fluid sealant, prepares outer package layer.
Above-mentioned steps（1）Can be preparing heat-reflecting layer using sputtering method in thermal source shell cavity inner surface in b；It is above-mentioned
Step（2）Nano wire can also be synthesized in the first dielectric substrate upper surface using method of electrostatic spinning in a；Above-mentioned steps（2）In b also
Metal electrode layer can be prepared using evaporation or electro-plating method in the second dielectric substrate upper surface.
The principle of institute's foundation of the present invention is：The ray discharged when radiosiotope decays incides transducing list
In unit, the energy of ray is converted into heat energy, and the heat energy in transducing unit is passed to into energy transducer by high heat conductive material
（Thermoelement, heat engine, turbine）Heat energy is realized to electric transformation of energy, the noble gases after energy is released and is returned to thermal source cavity, it is hot
Source device is thermally formed again closed cycle.In the same manner, one kind that the present invention is previously mentioned is same based on nano material combined type dynamic type
The plain battery in position realizes that the process that electricity is exported can be described as successively：The ray discharged during radioisotope decays and heat conduction
Cylinder and radiation protective layer effect produce heat energy；Using lazy in the energy heats high temperature resistant cavity that heat-conducting cylinder and radiation protective layer have
Property gas expands it and forms high velocity air；High velocity air directly acts on nano wire piezoelectric element and realizes that high velocity air is had
Some mechanical energy is to electric transformation of energy；Subsequently, the remaining heat energy of noble gases is converted into electric energy by nanometer thermoelectric component again, and
Jing Pneumatic check valves flow back to thermal source cavity and are heated again, and then form stable circulation of air flow.
The isotope battery that the present invention is provided by adopt nano wire piezoelectric and nano pyroelectric material for transductive material,
The technical bottleneck of conventional dynamic type radioisotope battery is effectively breached, while realizing dynamic type isotope battery energy
The lifting of conversion efficiency, with clean environment firendly, life-span length, strong applicability, energy conversion efficiency it is high, it is easy to implement the characteristics of, can
Work long hours in deep space deep-sea and polar region field of detecting, further meet green, cleaning, the universality of energy demand.With
Prior art is compared, and is mainly had the beneficial effect that：
1st, the present invention adopts piezoelectric effect for generating mechanism, breaches conventional dynamic type radioisotope battery and is confined to
The inertia vector influence that run up component lubrication difficulty, the high-speed rotation of institute's output is produced under heat engine or turbine generation pattern
The technical bottleneck of system stability, has reference value to dynamic type isotope battery research of new generation.
2nd, the present invention adopt the nano wire piezoelectric of high electromechanical coupling factor to combine the piezoelectric element of nanometer comb for
First inverting element, effectively increases the energy conversion efficiency of battery.
3rd, the present invention adopts nanometer thermoelectric component carries out secondary collection conversion for the second inverting element to noble gases energy,
Cell power conversion efficiency is improve to large extent, and meets energy source green and environment-friendly, integrated efficient, economic pervasive requirement.
4th, the electric energy that the present invention changes piezoelectric energy collecting circuit and nanometer thermoelectric component is made up with parallel form output
Nanometer piezoelectric electricity output HIGH voltage, low current and low power deficiency, effectively increase the output of battery.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope battery；
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal section view of heat source configurations；
Fig. 3 is the radial structure schematic diagram of nano wire piezoelectric element；
Fig. 4 is the radial structure schematic diagram of nanometer thermoelectric component；
Fig. 5 to Figure 21 is to make a kind of fabrication processing based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope battery
Figure.
In figure：1- thermal source cavitys, 2- thermal source shell cavities, 3- heat-reflecting layers, 4- heat power supply device shells, 5- radiation protective layer,
6- heat-conducting cylinders, 7- radioactive sources, 8- fixed supports, 9- screws, 10- through holes, 11- Pneumatic check valves, 12- nano wire piezoelectric elements,
13- the first electricity output electrodes, 14- piezoelectric energy collecting circuits, 15- anodes, 16- battery cathode, 17- wires, 18- receives
Rice thermoelectric components, 19- the second electricity output electrodes, 20- inert gas ducts, 21- inert gas duct walls, 22- noble gases,
Encapsulation in 23-, 24- outer package layers, 25- nano wire piezoelectric units, 26- nanometer thermoelectric units, the dielectric substrates of 27- first, 28- receives
Rice comb, the dielectric substrates of 29- second, 30- metal electrode layers, the dielectric substrates of 31- the 3rd, 32- metallic conductors, 33-p type nanometer thermoelectrics
Element, 34-n type nanometer thermoelectric elements.
Specific embodiment
Present disclosure is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Cell embodiments；
Referring to Fig. 1, one kind is based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope battery, including heat source configurations, transducing structure
With inert gas duct 20；Heat source configurations include thermal source cavity 1 and heat power supply device, and thermal source cavity 1 includes thermal source shell cavity 2,
The inner surface of thermal source shell cavity 2 is provided with heat-reflecting layer 3, and the two ends gradual change of thermal source shell cavity 2 is shunk and by Pneumatic check valve 11
Inert gas duct 20 is connected with, heat power supply device includes setting heat-conducting cylinder with dissection 6, and radioactive charging 7 in the interlayer of heat-conducting cylinder 6 is led
The inside and outside wall of hot cylinder 6 is equipped with radiation protective layer 5, and heat power supply device is packaged in heat power supply device shell 4, and heat power supply device utilizes screw 9
It is fixed on thermal source shell cavity 2 by fixed support 8, through hole 10 is provided with the middle of heat power supply device；Transducing structure includes nano wire
Piezoelectric element 12 and nanometer thermoelectric component 18, nano wire piezoelectric element 12 is fixed on the inner surface of inert gas duct wall 21, nanometer
The two ends of line piezoelectric element 12 are provided with the first electricity output electrode 13, and nanometer thermoelectric component 18 is fixed on outside inert gas duct wall 21
Surface, the two ends of nanometer thermoelectric component 18 are provided with the second electricity output electrode 19；First electricity output electrode 13 by wire 17 with
19 points of the connection of the input of piezoelectric energy collecting circuit 14, the outfan of piezoelectric energy collecting circuit 14 and the second electricity output electrode
Not Tong Guo wire 17 be connected with anode 15, battery cathode 16；Noble gases 22 are in thermal source cavity 1 and inert gas duct 20
Middle formation circulation of air flow, arrow is the flow direction of noble gases 22；It is using interior encapsulating material that heat source configurations, transducing structure is lazy
Property gas pipeline 20 fix encapsulation, make it is interior encapsulation 23, it is interior encapsulation 23 outer surface be provided with outer package layer 24.
Referring to Fig. 2, the outer surface of heat power supply device shell 4 is uniformly provided with three fixed supports 8, and heat power supply device is logical using screw 9
Cross fixed support 8 to be fixed on thermal source shell cavity 2, through hole 10 is provided with the middle of heat power supply device.
Referring to Fig. 3, eight nano wire piezoelectric units 25 are uniformly provided with the inner surface of inert gas duct wall 21, constitute nanometer
Line piezoelectric element 12.
Referring to Fig. 4,16 nanometer thermoelectric units 26 are uniformly provided with the outer surface of inert gas duct wall 21, constitute nanometer
Thermoelectric components 18.
Referring to Figure 12, nano wire piezoelectric unit 25 includes nano-comb 28, the first dielectric substrate for setting gradually from bottom to top
27th, the dielectric substrate 29 of metal electrode layer 30 and second.
Referring to Figure 14, nanometer thermoelectric unit includes the 3rd dielectric substrate 31, metallic conductor 32, p-type nanometer thermoelectric element 33
With N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element 34, p-type nanometer thermoelectric element 33 and N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element 34 by the head and the tail of metallic conductor 32 according to
It is secondary to be connected, and it is perpendicularly fixed at the surface of the 3rd dielectric substrate 31.
The material phase of thermal source shell cavity 2, heat power supply device shell 4, fixed support 8, screw 9 and inert gas duct wall 21
Together, 316 rustless steels are；The material of heat-reflecting layer 3 is Al2O3；The material of radiation protective layer 5 is tantalum alloy；The material of heat-conducting cylinder 6
For BN；Radioactive source 7 is αsource Am-241；Pneumatic check valve 11 adopts JKT-420Mpa Pneumatic check valves；First dielectric substrate
27th, the second dielectric substrate 29 is identical with the material of the 3rd dielectric substrate 31, is SiO2；The nano wire material of nano-comb 28 is
PbZrTiO3；Metal electrode layer 30 is Pt thin film；The material of metallic conductor 32 is Pt metal；Piezoelectric energy collecting circuit 14 is adopted
LTC3588-1 model chips；Wire 17 adopts the high fire-resistant wire of GN500 nickel plating copper cores；The material of p-type nanometer thermoelectric element 33
Matter is p-type BiSbTe nano material, and the material of N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element 34 is N-shaped YbxCo4Sb12Filled skutterudite nanometer material
Material；Noble gases 22 are Ar；The material of interior encapsulation 23 is vinyldimethicone composite；The material of outer package layer 24
Matter is FeNi kovar alloys.
Battery preparation method embodiment；A kind of preparation method based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope battery,
Comprise the following steps that：
（1）Prepare heat source configurations
A, referring to Fig. 5, the rustless steel of heating quenching 316 is fabricated to the thermal source shell cavity 2 of design shape；
B, referring to Fig. 6, in the inner surface brushing Al of thermal source shell cavity 22O3Prepare heat-reflecting layer 3；
C, referring to Fig. 7, forge fixed support 8 with 316 rustless steels, fixed support 8 is welded in into the appearance of heat power supply device shell 4
Face；
D, referring to Fig. 8, with screw 9 heat power supply device is fixed on thermal source shell cavity 2 by fixed support 8；
E, referring to Fig. 9, in the two ends of thermal source shell cavity 2 assembling JKT-420MPa Pneumatic check valve 11.
（2）Prepare transducing structure
A, referring to Figure 10, use SiO2Substrate makes the first dielectric substrate 27, using hydro-thermal method in the first dielectric substrate 27
Surface synthesizes PbZrTiO3Monocrystal nanowire, prepares nano-comb 28；
B, referring to Figure 11, use SiO2Substrate makes the second dielectric substrate 29, adopts in the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 29 and splashes
Shooting method prepares Pt metal thin film as metal electrode layer 30；
C, referring to Figure 12, with epoxy adhesive by the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 27 and the upper surface of metal electrode layer 30
Bonding, makes nano wire piezoelectric unit 25；
D, referring to Figure 13, nano wire piezoelectric unit 25 is fixed on into inert gas duct wall 21 with epoxy adhesive
Inner surface, makes nano wire piezoelectric element 12, with the high fire-resistant wire 17 of GN500 nickel plating copper cores by nano wire piezoelectric unit 25
Connect in a series arrangement, make the first electricity output electrode 13；
E, referring to Figure 14, use SiO2Substrate makes the 3rd dielectric substrate 31, with Pt metal as metallic conductor 32, by p-type
The nanometer thermoelectric element 33 of BiSbTe and N-shaped YbxCo4Sb12The nanometer thermoelectric element 34 of filled skutterudite connects in a series arrangement,
And the surface of the 3rd dielectric substrate 31 is perpendicularly fixed at epoxy adhesive, make nanometer thermoelectric unit 26；
F, referring to Figure 15, nanometer thermoelectric unit 26 is fixed on into the outer of inert gas duct wall 21 with epoxy adhesive
Surface, makes nanometer thermoelectric component 18, with the high fire-resistant wire 17 of GN500 nickel plating copper cores by nanometer thermoelectric unit 26 with series connection
Mode connects, and makes the second electricity output electrode 19.
（3）Assemble battery structure
A, referring to Figure 16, thermal source shell cavity 2 is connected into the airflow outlet end and nano wire pressure of inert gas duct 20
One end docking of the place inert gas duct 20 of electrical component 12, during docking, with rubber washer as pad, using additional fixed structure
Assembled；
B, referring to Figure 17, by the port of export of 12 place inert gas duct of nano wire piezoelectric element 20 and nanometer thermoelectric component 18
One end docking of place inert gas duct 20, during docking, with rubber washer as pad, is filled using additional fixed structure
Match somebody with somebody；
C, referring to Figure 18, the port of export of 18 place inert gas duct of nanometer thermoelectric component 20 is connected with thermal source cavity 2
The air flow inlet end docking of inert gas duct 20, during docking, with rubber washer as pad, is filled using additional fixed structure
Match somebody with somebody, and be filled with Ar as noble gases 22；
D, referring to Figure 19, by the first electricity output electrode 13 by the high fire-resistant wire 17 of GN500 nickel plating copper cores with
The input of LTC3588-1 piezoelectric energies collecting circuit 14 connects, the outfan of LTC3588-1 piezoelectric energies collecting circuit 14 and the
Two electricity output electrodes 19 are respectively by the high fire-resistant wire 17 of GN500 nickel plating copper cores and anode 15, battery cathode 16
Connection.
（4）In fill encapsulating material with prepare outer package layer
A, referring to Figure 20, with vinyldimethicone composite as interior encapsulating material, using mould fill
Method will assemble the battery structure fill closing for completing, and molding cured above in 12 hours is placed under room temperature, prepare interior encapsulation 23；
B, referring to Figure 21, in 23 Surface coating FeNi kovar alloys of interior encapsulation as outer package layer 24, seam is sealed
Glue is fixed.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope battery；It is characterized in that：Including heat source configurations, transducing structure
And inert gas duct（20）；Heat source configurations include thermal source cavity（1）And heat power supply device, thermal source cavity（1）Including thermal source cavity
Shell（2）, thermal source shell cavity（2）Inner surface is provided with heat-reflecting layer（3）, thermal source shell cavity（2）Two ends gradual change is shunk and is led to
Cross Pneumatic check valve（11）It is connected with inert gas duct（20）, heat power supply device include set heat-conducting cylinder with dissection（6）, heat-conducting cylinder
（6）Radioactive charging in interlayer（7）, heat-conducting cylinder（6）Inside and outside wall is equipped with radiation protective layer（5）, heat power supply device be packaged in thermal source dress
Put shell（4）Interior, heat power supply device utilizes screw（9）By fixed support（8）It is fixed on thermal source shell cavity（2）On, thermal source dress
Put centre and be provided with through hole（10）；Transducing structure includes nano wire piezoelectric element（12）With nanometer thermoelectric component（18）, nano wire pressure
Electrical component（12）It is fixed on inert gas duct wall（21）Inner surface, nano wire piezoelectric element（12）It is defeated that two ends are provided with the first electricity
Go out electrode（13）, nanometer thermoelectric component（18）It is fixed on inert gas duct wall（21）Outer surface, nanometer thermoelectric component（18）Two
End is provided with the second electricity output electrode（19）；First electricity output electrode（13）By wire（17）With piezoelectric energy collecting circuit
（14）Input connection, piezoelectric energy collecting circuit（14）Outfan and the second electricity output electrode（19）Respectively by leading
Line（17）With anode（15）, battery cathode（16）Connection；Noble gases（22）In thermal source cavity（1）And inert gas duct
（20）Middle formation circulation of air flow；Using interior encapsulating material by heat source configurations, transducing structure, piezoelectric energy collecting circuit（14）With it is lazy
Property gas pipeline（20）Fixed encapsulation, makes interior encapsulation（23）, interior encapsulation（23）Outer surface be provided with outer package layer（24）.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope battery；It is characterized in that：Thermal source
Crust of the device（4）Outer surface is uniformly provided with three fixed supports（8）；Nano wire piezoelectric element（12）Uniformly it is fixed on by eight lazy
Property gas pipeline wall（21）The nano wire piezoelectric unit of inner surface（25）By wire（17）Connection composition；Nanometer thermoelectric component
（18）Inert gas duct wall is uniformly fixed on by 16（21）The nanometer thermoelectric unit of outer surface（26）By wire（17）
Connection composition.
3. as claimed in claim 2 a kind of based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope battery；It is characterized in that：Nanometer
Line piezoelectric unit includes the first dielectric substrate（27）, nano-comb（28）, the second dielectric substrate（29）And metal electrode layer（30）, the
One dielectric substrate（27）Upper surface is provided with nano-comb（28）, the second dielectric substrate（29）Upper surface is provided with metal electrode layer（30）,
First dielectric substrate（27）Lower surface and metal electrode layer（30）Bonding；Nanometer thermoelectric unit includes the 3rd dielectric substrate（31）、
Metallic conductor（32）, p-type nanometer thermoelectric element（33）With N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element（34）, p-type nanometer thermoelectric element（33）And n
Type nanometer thermoelectric element（34）By metallic conductor（32）Head and the tail are sequentially connected, and are perpendicularly fixed at the 3rd dielectric substrate（31）Table
Face.
4. as claimed in claim 3 a kind of based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope battery；It is characterized in that：First
Dielectric substrate（27）, the second dielectric substrate（29）With the 3rd dielectric substrate（31）Material be SiO2, silica gel or epoxy resin；Receive
Rice comb（28）Material be PbZrTiO3, ZnO or GaN；Metal electrode layer（30）It is Au, Pd, Pt, Al, Cu, Ni or Ti thin film；
P-type nanometer thermoelectric element（33）Material be p-type BiSbTe nano material, p-type SiGe nano material or p-type Bi2Se3Nanometer material
Material, N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric element（34）Material be N-shaped YbxCo4Sb12Filled skutterudite nano material.
5. the one kind as described in Claims 1-4 any one is based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope battery；It is special
Levy and be：Thermal source shell cavity（2）, heat power supply device shell（4）, fixed support（8）, screw（9）With inert gas duct wall
（21）Material it is identical, be 316 rustless steels, 304 rustless steels or 310 rustless steels；Wire（17）It is resistance to using GN500 nickel plating copper core height
Fiery insulated conductor.
6. as claimed in claim 5 a kind of based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope battery；It is characterized in that：It is hot anti-
Penetrate layer（3）Material be Al2O3；Radiation protective layer（5）Material be tantalum alloy or resin and nanometer lead composite material or
It is resin and nanometer lead sulfate composite；Heat-conducting cylinder（6）Material be BN；Radioactive source（7）It is αsource：Am-241、Po-
210th, Pu-238 or Pu-238 oxides, or radiator beta-ray：H-3, Ni-63, Pm-147, Sr-90, Sm-151 or C-14.
7. as claimed in claim 6 a kind of based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope battery；It is characterized in that：Piezoelectricity
Energy collection circuit（14）It is LTC3588-1 model chips；Noble gases（22）It is Ar or Ne；Interior encapsulation（23）Material be second
Thiazolinyl polydimethylsiloxane composite；Outer package layer（24）Material be FeNi kovar alloys.
8. a kind of preparation method based on nano material combined type dynamic type isotope battery, it is characterised in that：It is hot including preparing
Source structure, prepare transducing structure, assemble battery structure, encapsulation in fill（23）With prepare outer package layer（24）, concrete steps are such as
Under：
1）Prepare heat source configurations
A, heating quenching high temperature resistant stainless steel are fabricated to the thermal source shell cavity of design shape（2）；
B, in thermal source shell cavity（2）Inner surface brushing or sputtering heat-reflecting layer material prepare heat-reflecting layer（3）；
C, with high temperature resistant stainless steel forge fixed support（8）, by fixed support（8）It is welded in heat power supply device shell（4）Outer surface；
D, use screw（9）By fixed support（8）Heat power supply device is fixed on into thermal source shell cavity（2）On；
E, in thermal source shell cavity（2）Assemble Pneumatic check valve in two ends（11）；
2）Prepare transducing structure
A, the first dielectric substrate of making（27）, in the first dielectric substrate（27）Upper surface is synthesized using hydro-thermal method or method of electrostatic spinning
Nano wire, prepares nano-comb（28）；
B, the second dielectric substrate of making（29）, in the second dielectric substrate（29）Upper surface adopts sputtering method, method of evaporating or electricity
Electroplating method prepares metallic film as metal electrode layer（30）；
C, with binding agent by the first dielectric substrate（27）Lower surface and metal electrode layer（30）Upper surface bonds, and makes nano wire pressure
Electric unit（25）；
D, with binding agent by nano wire piezoelectric unit（25）Inert gas duct wall inner surface is fixed on, nano wire piezoelectricity group is made
Part（12）, use wire（17）By nano wire piezoelectric unit（25）Connect in a series arrangement, make the first electricity output electrode（13）；
E, the 3rd dielectric substrate of making（31）, use metallic conductor（32）By p-type nanometer thermoelectric element（33）With N-shaped nanometer thermoelectric unit
Part（34）Connect in a series arrangement, and the 3rd dielectric substrate is perpendicularly fixed at binding agent（31）Surface, makes nanometer thermoelectric list
Unit（26）；
F, with binding agent by nanometer thermoelectric unit（26）It is fixed on inert gas duct wall（21）Outer surface, makes nanometer thermoelectric group
Part（18）, nanometer thermoelectric unit is connected in a series arrangement with wire, make the second electricity output electrode（19）；
3）Assemble battery structure
A, by thermal source shell cavity（2）Connected inert gas duct（20）Airflow outlet end and nano wire piezoelectric element（12）
Place inert gas duct（20）One end docking, during docking, with rubber washer as pad, filled using additional fixed structure
Match somebody with somebody；
B, by nano wire piezoelectric element（12）Place inert gas duct（20）Airflow outlet end and nanometer thermoelectric component（18）Institute
In inert gas duct（20）One end docking, during docking, with rubber washer as pad, filled using additional fixed structure
Match somebody with somebody；
C, by nanometer thermoelectric component（18）Place inert gas duct（20）Airflow outlet end and thermal source cavity（1）Connected inertia
Gas pipeline（20）Air flow inlet end docking, during docking, with rubber washer as pad, filled using additional fixed structure
Match somebody with somebody, and be filled with noble gases（22）；
D, by the first electricity output electrode（13）By wire（17）With piezoelectric energy collecting circuit（14）Input connects, piezoelectricity
Energy collection circuit（14）Outfan and the second electricity output electrode（19）Pass through wire respectively（17）With anode（15）、
Battery cathode（16）Connection；
4）In fill encapsulating material with prepare outer package layer（24）
A, using mould fill method with interior encapsulating material will assemble complete battery structure fill closing, under room temperature place 12 hours
Molding cured above, prepares interior encapsulation（23）；
B, in interior encapsulation（23）Surface coating outer package layer material, seam is fixed with fluid sealant, prepares outer package layer（24）.
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| CN107123457B (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2019-07-09 | 兰州大学 | A kind of direct collection-photoelectricity-thermoelectricity combined type isotope battery and preparation method |
| CN107680705A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-02-09 | 壹号元素（广州）科技有限公司 | A kind of isotope battery of the wide forbidden region semi-conductor nano tube/linear of ordered arrangement |
| CN107767983A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-03-06 | 壹号元素（广州）科技有限公司 | A kind of tritium based nanotube isotope battery |
| CN107785093A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-03-09 | 壹号元素（广州）科技有限公司 | A kind of isotope battery of disorderly arranged wide forbidden region semi-conductor nano tube/linear |
| CN108550412B (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2020-04-17 | 南方科技大学 | Piezoelectric thermoelectric dynamic isotope battery |
| WO2019218163A1 (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-11-21 | 南方科技大学 | Liquid metal-based dynamic isotope battery |
| CN108648847B (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2020-08-04 | 南方科技大学 | Dynamic isotope battery based on liquid metal |
| CN109887635B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-09-15 | 兰州大学 | Isotope battery based on wind bell type PZT energy conversion component and preparation method thereof |
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