CN105565844A - 一种多孔陶瓷的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种多孔陶瓷的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105565844A
CN105565844A CN201510840081.0A CN201510840081A CN105565844A CN 105565844 A CN105565844 A CN 105565844A CN 201510840081 A CN201510840081 A CN 201510840081A CN 105565844 A CN105565844 A CN 105565844A
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porous ceramics
slurry
preparation
blank samples
freezing
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李长英
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Shaanxi Jujiehan Chemical Co Ltd
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Shaanxi Jujiehan Chemical Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint

Abstract

一种多孔陶瓷的制备方法，属于功能材料制备领域。目的是提供一种气孔率好、微观结构规整的多孔陶瓷的制备方法。该制备方法包括如下步骤：将90gA1203粉末加入40ml硅溶胶溶液中,得到浓度为20%的浆体，搅拌2h，然后将搅拌好的浆料注入模具内，行冷冻干燥，冷冻温度为-20℃，冷冻1.5h，然后进行真空干燥1h，脱模得到坯样，在1600℃进行烧结，保温时间为2h，保温完毕后自然冷却，得到多孔陶瓷。该方法制备得到的多孔陶瓷，其气孔率达到35％，陶瓷具有有序的层片状结构，孔道基本相互平行，孔道和孔道之间由陶瓷颗粒搭桥。

Description

一种多孔陶瓷的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于功能材料制备领域，尤其涉及一种多孔陶瓷的制备方法。
背景技术
多孔陶瓷是一种经高温烧成、体内具有大量彼此相通或闭合气孔的结构的陶瓷材料，具有低密度、高渗透率、抗腐蚀、耐高温及良好隔热性能等优点的新型功能材料，它的主要功能在于巨大的气孔率、气孔表面以及可调节的气孔形状，气孔孔径及其在三维空间分布、连通等，具有一定的强度、形状和其它陶瓷基体的性能，以及主要利用其巨大的比表面积和独特的物理表面特性，对液体、气体介质具有选择透过性，能量吸收或阻尼特性和优良热、电、磁、光、化学等功能的高新技术无机非金属材料等。
目前，制备多孔陶瓷的方法有：有机泡沫浸渍法、添加造孔剂法、发泡法、溶胶一凝胶法、化学气相渗透或沉积法、仿生合成法等，有机泡沫浸渍法制备多孔陶瓷，其孔尺寸主要取决于有机泡沫体的孔尺寸，制品形状密度不易控制，且有机物燃烧会污染环境；添加造孔剂法制备多孔陶瓷，其气孔分布均匀性差，不适合制备高气孔率的制品；发泡法对原组分选择要求高，工艺条件不易控制；溶胶一凝胶法由于使用超临界干燥没备昂贵，制备成本高；化学气相渗透或沉积法工艺要求严格，孔形态不易控制，能量消耗大；仿生合成法主要以植物的天然多孔组织为模板，通过渗透反应制得多孔陶瓷，但需去除生物模板，工艺繁多且复杂，不易推广。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种气孔率好、微观结构规整的多孔陶瓷的制备方法。
本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现：一种多孔陶瓷的制备方法，包括如下步骤：将90gA1203粉末加入40ml硅溶胶溶液中,得到浓度为20%的浆体，搅拌2h，然后将搅拌好的浆料注入模具内，行冷冻干燥，冷冻温度为-20℃，冷冻1.5h，然后进行真空干燥1h，脱模得到坯样，在1600℃进行烧结，保温时间为2h，保温完毕后自然冷却，得到多孔陶瓷。
A1203粉末加入40ml硅溶胶溶液前过325目筛。
所述冷冻在冷冻干燥机中进行，所述烧结过程在高温箱式电炉中进行。
本发明具有如下有益效果：
该方法制备得到的多孔陶瓷，其气孔率达到35％，陶瓷具有有序的层片状结构，孔道基本相互平行，孔道和孔道之间由陶瓷颗粒搭桥。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
具体实施例：将90gA1203粉末加入40ml硅溶胶溶液中,得到浓度为20%的浆体，搅拌2h，然后将搅拌好的浆料注入模具内，行冷冻干燥，冷冻温度为-20℃，冷冻1.5h，然后进行真空干燥1h，脱模得到坯样，在1600℃进行烧结，保温时间为2h，保温完毕后自然冷却，得到多孔陶瓷。
A1203粉末加入40ml硅溶胶溶液前过325目筛。
所述冷冻在冷冻干燥机中进行，所述烧结过程在高温箱式电炉中进行。
对制备得到的多孔陶瓷表面喷金后用扫描电子显微镜观察其形貌，通过阿基米德排水法测量气孔率，发现其气孔率达到35％，陶瓷具有有序的层片状结构，孔道基本相互平行，孔道和孔道之间由陶瓷颗粒搭桥。
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本发明所做的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种多孔陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：将90gA1203粉末加入40ml硅溶胶溶液中,得到浓度为20%的浆体，搅拌2h，然后将搅拌好的浆料注入模具内，行冷冻干燥，冷冻温度为-20℃，冷冻1.5h，然后进行真空干燥1h，脱模得到坯样，在1600℃进行烧结，保温时间为2h，保温完毕后自然冷却，得到多孔陶瓷。
2.如权利要求1所述的多孔陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：A1203粉末加入40ml硅溶胶溶液前过325目筛。
3.如权利要求1所述的多孔陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：所述冷冻在冷冻干燥机中进行，所述烧结过程在高温箱式电炉中进行。
CN201510840081.0A 2015-11-27 2015-11-27 一种多孔陶瓷的制备方法 Pending CN105565844A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106747560A (zh) * 2016-12-05 2017-05-31 郑州丽福爱生物技术有限公司 一种多孔保温复合陶瓷材料

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106747560A (zh) * 2016-12-05 2017-05-31 郑州丽福爱生物技术有限公司 一种多孔保温复合陶瓷材料

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Application publication date: 20160511