CN105552193A - Led灯丝的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种灯丝的制备方法,具体涉及一种LED灯丝的制备方法。LED灯丝的制备方法,包括制板、固定蓝光LED芯片、制备封装材料等步骤,其中封装材料使用红色荧光分及胶联剂混合而成,所述胶联剂由以下重量份的原料制备得到:环氧树脂72份、聚苯醚粉料18-22份、甲基苯基硅油4份、纳米硫化锌0.2-0.4、质量浓度在30-40%的纳米陶瓷粉透明液体6-8、纳米二氧化钛4-5、过氧化苯甲酰0.1-0.2、马来酸酐0.4-0.5、硅烷偶联剂0.1-0.2、氯仿抗氧剂0.01-0.02份、固化剂20-25份。本发明所生产出的LED灯丝克服了现有技术中存在的出射角小,出光率低的技术缺陷,所生产的LED灯丝能够实现全角度发光。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种LED灯丝,具体涉及一种LED灯丝的制备方法。
背景技术
光环境是植物生长发育不可缺少的重要物理环境因素之一,通过光质调节,控制植株形态建成是设施栽培领域的一项重要技术;植物生长灯更加具有环保节能的作用,LED植物灯给植物提供光合作用,促进植物生长,减短植物开花结果用的时间,提高生产。在现代化建设中,植物生长灯是农作物不可或缺的产品。
为了满足不同的需求,尤其是植物生长灯的应用也越来越广泛,但是,由于受到传统普通LED组合,生产制造工艺复杂,功耗过高,外观不美观等限制,且LED传统封装产品不便于实现大角度发光,不利于在植物生长照明中大规模广泛使用,现有技术中在封装LED芯片时,多使用荧光粉和胶联剂混合物作为封装外覆层。
发明内容
本发明意在提供一种LED灯丝的制备方法,其生产出的LED灯丝能够实现全角度发光。
本方案中的LED灯丝的制备方法,包括如下制备步骤:
步骤1.制作长条形透明基板作为灯丝载体,透明基板两侧分别固定连接金属支架;长条形透明基板利用蓝宝石晶体切割制作,将大块的蓝宝石晶体分割成长度1~6cm、宽度0.6~50mm、厚度控制在0.2至3毫米的长条形,每根长条形基板需要两个金属支架,分别安装在基板两侧,金属基板的长度保证能够延伸出透明基板,作为后续的电极连接点;
步骤2.在透明基板上固定多个蓝光LED芯片,多个蓝光LED芯片形成至少一列贯穿透明基板的LED串,根据基板的宽度和蓝光LED芯片的尺寸,在透明基板上设置一列或多列LED串,串联形式保证了LED灯发光的均匀性,每一LED串的蓝光LED芯片之间利用导线连接成串联形式;位于透明基板两端的蓝光LED芯片分别用导线连接到金属支架,导线采用金线或铜线;
步骤3.用约0.1%~15%重量比例的红色荧光粉同胶联剂均匀混合,并对混合物胶体抽真空和去气泡;所述胶联剂由以下重量份的原料制备得到:环氧树脂72份、聚苯醚粉料18-22份、甲基苯基硅油4份、纳米硫化锌0.2-0.4、质量浓度在30-40%的纳米陶瓷粉透明液体6-8、纳米二氧化钛4-5、过氧化苯甲酰0.1-0.2、马来酸酐0.4-0.5、硅烷偶联剂0.1-0.2、氯仿抗氧剂0.01-0.02份、固化剂20-25份;
步骤4.将步骤2得到的透明基板及金属支架组成的套件放入灯丝模具中,向模具中注入步骤3中得到的混合物胶体,取出固化,形成灯丝包覆层。
采用本发明的技术方案,具有如下技术效果:
采用蓝光激发红色荧光粉,产生适合促进植物生长的模拟阳光,LED芯片发光强度大,基板采用透明材质,一根灯丝即可实现360度全向发光,通过外接电源驱动,控制LED灯丝输出电流大小来实现发出催进植物生长波长的光线,便于推广应用。
进一步,所述甲基苯基硅油由以下重量份的原料制备得到:甲基苯基硅氧烷混合环体20~30份,八甲基环四硅氧烷20~30份,四甲基环四硅氧烷20~30份,四甲基二乙烯基二硅氧烷10~20份,氢氧化钾硅醇盐5~9份,有机硅磷酸酯1~5份。
与现有技术相比,组分来源广、易获得,且配比合理;制备方法简单、易于实现,且采用了最优的合成工艺条件,制备得到的用于LED灌封胶中的甲基苯基硅油,具有性质稳定、粘接性能好、折射率大、高度透明等优点,特别适合产业化。
进一步,所述胶联剂还包括甲基乙烯基苯基硅油15~25份,甲基乙烯基苯基有机硅树脂45~55份,甲基苯基有机硅交联剂10~20份,铂催化剂4~10份,抑制剂4~12份。
用具有良好的耐热性、耐候性、耐冷热冲击性和耐老性的甲基苯基有机硅聚合物,代替传统的耐热性、耐候性和耐湿性差、且易黄变得脂环族环氧树脂,且各组分配置科学合理,本发明制得LED胶联剂透光率高、折光率大,延伸性、抗拉强度、粘结强度好,且使用寿命长。
附图说明
图1为按本发明的制备的制备方法所制得的LED灯丝的结构示意图。
图2为图1的侧面结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明:
实施例一
实施例基本如附图1、2所示:本实施例LED灯丝的制备方法包括长条形透明基板2,固定于透明基板两端的金属支架1,透明基板上固定有多个蓝光LED芯片3,多个蓝光LED芯片形成至少一列贯穿透明基板的LED串,每一LED串的蓝光LED芯片之间利用导线连接成串联形式;位于透明基板两端4的蓝光LED芯片分别用导线5连接到支架;
所述透明基板外部还包裹有红色荧光粉层6,所述红色荧光粉层由红色荧光粉及胶联剂混合而成。
使用时,将透明基板两端的金属支架分别与电源正负极连接,两个金属支架与连接在金属支架之间的由蓝光LED芯片组成的LED串电连接,通电后由于串联的特性以及LED发光强度只与电流有关,全部蓝光LED芯片发出亮度相同的蓝光,由于基板透明,因此在全向范围内都可得到光照,在透明基板外部包裹有红色荧光粉层,红色荧光粉层不仅包裹透明基板,也包裹全部蓝光LED芯片,蓝光LED芯片发出的蓝光经过红色荧光粉层的滤光后,得到植物照明所需要的近似于阳光的白光,其中红色荧光粉层中的红色荧光粉波长通常为610-680nm或420-480nm两个波段范围内。
透明基板材料是普通玻璃,优选硬度高、对蓝光透光性好的透明蓝宝石材料作为基板材料,透明基板上设置焊盘以方便固定蓝光LED芯片和焊接导线,透明基板的切割尺寸优选设置为长度1~6cm、宽度0.6~50mm、厚度控制在0.2至3毫米范围内,优选设置厚度为0.4~2mm,保证灯丝的机械强度和较好的透光率。
蓝光LED芯片之间以及与金属支架的连接采用金线、铜线等金属导线,在连接时,导线长度最好不要设置为最短的直线,而应该是如图1所示的弯曲弧形或折线形等,由于在包裹半固定形态的红色荧光粉层后,在后续的固化过程中需要加热,加热过程中玻璃或金属支架容易发生形变,可能导致绷直的灯丝崩断,因此焊接用的导线应该保证相当的富余长度。
本发明所述的上述全向植物生长灯LED灯丝的制造方法包括如下步骤:
步骤1.制作长条形透明基板作为灯丝载体,透明基板两侧分别固定连接金属支架;长条形透明基板利用蓝宝石晶体切割制作,将大块的蓝宝石晶体分割成长度1~6cm、宽度0.6~50mm、厚度控制在0.2至3毫米的长条形,(焊盘)。金属支架通常用铝或铜等制成,每根长条形基板需要两个金属支架,分别安装在基板两侧,金属基板的长度保证能够延伸出透明基板,作为后续的电极连接点。
步骤2.在透明基板上固定多个蓝光LED芯片,多个蓝光LED芯片形成至少一列贯穿透明基板的LED串,根据基板的宽度和蓝光LED芯片的尺寸,在透明基板上设置一列或多列LED串,串联形式保证了LED灯发光的均匀性,每一LED串的蓝光LED芯片之间利用导线连接成串联形式;位于透明基板两端的蓝光LED芯片分别用导线连接到金属支架,导线采用金线或铜线等。
步骤3.用约0.1%~15%重量比例的红色荧光粉同胶联剂均匀混合,并对混合物胶体抽真空和去气泡;所述胶联剂由以下重量份的原料制备得到:环氧树脂72份、聚苯醚粉料18-22份、甲基苯基硅油4份、纳米硫化锌0.2-0.4、质量浓度在30-40%的纳米陶瓷粉透明液体6-8、纳米二氧化钛4-5、过氧化苯甲酰0.1-0.2、马来酸酐0.4-0.5、硅烷偶联剂0.1-0.2、氯仿抗氧剂0.01-0.02份、固化剂20-25份;
步骤3中优选的在混合物胶体中掺入光扩散颗粒,例如树脂和PC工程塑料颗粒等,掺入光扩散颗粒的重量比例通常控制在0.05-10%,优选的设置为0.25%~5%。植物生长灯LED灯丝通过光扩散颗粒同蓝光芯片,红色荧光粉等混合光决定植物学生长所需光特性,提高红色荧光粉层的透光率、通过增大散射角度提高发光均匀性,实现催进植物生长需要的波长及全方位发光,同时,由于光扩散颗粒的掺入光扩散颗粒还提高混合物胶体的混合机械强度。
步骤4.将步骤2得到的透明基板及金属支架组成的套件放入灯丝模具中,向模具中注入步骤3中得到的混合物胶体,取出固化,形成灯丝包覆层。
步骤4采用夹具将固定焊好线的金属支架及透明基板套件放入预先做好的灯丝模具中,在模具或点胶机的作用下,注入步骤3得到的含有红色荧光粉的混合物胶体,待混合物胶体稍微凝固后,利用夹具将包裹了混合物胶体的半成品取出,加热固化后得到植物生长灯用的LED灯丝型产品。
实施例二
所述胶联剂还包括以下重量份的原料制备得到:环氧树脂72份、聚苯醚粉料18-22份、甲基苯基硅油4份、纳米硫化锌0.2-0.4、质量浓度在30-40%的纳米陶瓷粉透明液体6-8、纳米二氧化钛4-5、过氧化苯甲酰0.1-0.2、马来酸酐0.4-0.5、硅烷偶联剂0.1-0.2、氯仿抗氧剂0.01-0.02份、固化剂20-25份。
制备方法为:
(1)先将聚苯醚粉料进行预辐照处理,辐照条件为:以电子加速器作为辐照源,在常温、常压、空气氛围下利用β射线进行照射处理,预辐照剂量范围为20kGy,得预辐照聚苯醚料;
(2)将预辐照后的聚苯醚料与马来酸酐、硅烷偶联剂、纳米二氧化钛、过氧化苯甲酰、抗氧剂一起投入搅拌机中高速搅拌混合均匀,随后一起投入双螺杆挤出机中挤出造粒,得接枝聚苯醚料;
(3)将步骤(2)制备的接枝聚苯醚、双酚A型环氧树脂及除固化剂DDS外的其它剩余物料一起投入氯仿中,升温至120℃,混合搅拌1.5h,随后降温至100℃,投入固化剂DDS,继续搅拌混合20min后将胶料保温并经真空脱泡处理,脱泡后的胶料倒入模具中,在150℃条件下使其完全固化即得。
本实施例所制得的胶联剂,所测得的性能指标如下:
折射率:1.530;透光率:85.4%;拉伸强度:47.4MPa。
耐紫外光老化测试:测试条件:试样表面温度60±5℃,选用UVB313型号的紫外灯,辐照强度为1.5kwh/m2,辐照时间分别为0h、720h、1500h、2000h,依次测定材料的黄变指数和可见光透过率的变化,测试结果为:
辐照时间720h、1500h、2000h,黄变指数分别为1.2、2.2、3.4,可见光透过率变化率-4.3%、-6.8%、-10.8%。
实施例三
所述甲基苯基硅油的制备方法如下所示:
按重量分计称取组分为:甲基苯基混合环体30份,八甲基环四硅氧烷30份,四甲基环四硅氧烷20份,四甲基二乙烯基二硅氧烷10份,氢氧化钾硅醇盐5份,有机硅磷酸酯5份。
然后,制备甲基苯基硅油:(1)将甲基苯基混合环体、八甲基环四硅氧烷、四甲基环四硅氧烷、四甲基二乙烯基二硅氧烷加入反应器中,在温度为60℃、压强为-0.1MPa条件下脱水2h;(2)将脱水后的混合物升温至180℃,加入氢氧化钾硅醇盐催化剂,在温度为185℃的条件下平衡反应8h;(3)待反应完毕后,向反应器中按比例加入有机硅磷酸酯中和2.5h,然后升温脱出低分子物,过滤即可获得甲基苯基硅油。
本实施例透光率折射率储存稳定性固化体粘接力
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施例,方案中公知的具体结构及特性等常识在此未作过多描述。应当指出,对于本领域的技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明结构的前提下,还作出若干变形和改进,这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围,这些都不会影响本发明实施的效果和专利的实用性。本申请要求的保护范围应当以其权利要求的内容为准,说明书中的具体实施方式等记载用于解释权利要求的内容。
Claims (3)
1.LED灯丝的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下制备步骤:步骤1.制作长条形透明基板作为灯丝载体,透明基板两侧分别固定连接金属支架;长条形透明基板利用蓝宝石晶体切割制作,将大块的蓝宝石晶体分割成长度1~6cm、宽度0.6~50mm、厚度控制在0.2至3毫米的长条形,每根长条形基板需要两个金属支架,分别安装在基板两侧,金属基板的长度保证能够延伸出透明基板,作为后续的电极连接点;步骤2.在透明基板上固定多个蓝光LED芯片,多个蓝光LED芯片形成至少一列贯穿透明基板的LED串,根据基板的宽度和蓝光LED芯片的尺寸,在透明基板上设置一列或多列LED串,串联形式保证了LED灯发光的均匀性,每一LED串的蓝光LED芯片之间利用导线连接成串联形式;位于透明基板两端的蓝光LED芯片分别用导线连接到金属支架,导线采用金线或铜线;步骤3.用约0.1%~15%重量比例的红色荧光粉同胶联剂均匀混合,并对混合物胶体抽真空和去气泡;所述胶联剂由以下重量份的原料制备得到:环氧树脂72份、聚苯醚粉料18-22份、甲基苯基硅油4份、纳米硫化锌0.2-0.4、质量浓度在30-40%的纳米陶瓷粉透明液体6-8、纳米二氧化钛4-5、过氧化苯甲酰0.1-0.2、马来酸酐0.4-0.5、硅烷偶联剂0.1-0.2、氯仿抗氧剂0.01-0.02份、固化剂20-25份;步骤4.将步骤2得到的透明基板及金属支架组成的套件放入灯丝模具中,向模具中注入步骤3中得到的混合物胶体,取出固化,形成灯丝包覆层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的LED灯丝的制备方法,其特征在于:所述甲基苯基硅油由以下重量份的原料制备得到:甲基苯基硅氧烷混合环体20~30份,八甲基环四硅氧烷20~30份,四甲基环四硅氧烷20~30份,四甲基二乙烯基二硅氧烷10~20份,氢氧化钾硅醇盐5~9份,有机硅磷酸酯1~5份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的LED灯丝的制备方法,其特征在于:所述胶联剂还包括甲基乙烯基苯基硅油15~25份,甲基乙烯基苯基有机硅树脂45~55份,甲基苯基有机硅交联剂10~20份,铂催化剂4~10份,抑制剂4~12份。
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