CN105543696B - 一种超高强度软磁合金带、其制备方法以及其制件的热处理方法 - Google Patents

一种超高强度软磁合金带、其制备方法以及其制件的热处理方法 Download PDF

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CN105543696B
CN105543696B CN201510896915.XA CN201510896915A CN105543696B CN 105543696 B CN105543696 B CN 105543696B CN 201510896915 A CN201510896915 A CN 201510896915A CN 105543696 B CN105543696 B CN 105543696B
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韩劲
倪志铭
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Abstract

本发明属于导磁材料制造技术，涉及一种超高强度软磁合金带、其制备方法以及其制件的热处理方法。本发明合金带各个成分的含量为：Fe：45％wt～75％wt；Nb：1.5％wt～5％wt；V：1.5％wt～5％wt；Cr：1.5％wt～5％wt；Zr：0.1％wt～0.5％wt；Ta：0.1％wt～0.5％wt；余量为Co。制备的步骤如下：备料；熔炼；锻造开坯；热轧；冷轧。本发明提出了一种超高强度软磁合金带、其制备方法以及其制件的热处理方法，大大提高了力学性能，满足了新型飞机发电机等电力设备的使用要求。

Description

一种超高强度软磁合金带、其制备方法以及其制件的热处理 方法
技术领域
本发明属于导磁材料制造技术，涉及一种超高强度软磁合金带、其制备方法以及其制件的热处理方法。
背景技术
随着航空飞行器的不断发展，高温、高性能的功能材料得到越来越广泛的重视和应用。其中，新型飞机发电机等电力设备使用的软磁合金必须工作在更高的转速和温度下，如新一代的飞机发电机转子转速达到30000转/分，未来甚至达到55000转/分，其外沿的线速度达到500m/s，远远高于目前的100m/s，其离心力成倍增加对软磁合金提出高的综合要求：合金在保持磁性能的同时，力学强度和韧性必须成倍提高。而目前的软磁合金无法满足要求，以具有最高力学强度的FeCo合金1J22为例，其抗拉强度仅为490MPa。
发明内容
本发明的目的是：提出一种超高强度软磁合金带、其制备方法以及其制件的热处理方法，以便提高力学性能，满足，新型飞机发电机等电力设备的使用要求。
本发明的技术方案是：一种超高强度软磁合金带，其特征在于，其各个成分的含量为：Fe：45％wt～75％wt；Nb：1.5％wt～5％wt；V：1.5％wt～5％wt；Cr：1.5％wt～5％wt；Zr：0.1％wt～0.5％wt；Ta：0.1％wt～0.5％wt；余量为Co。
如上面所述的超高强度软磁合金带的制备方法，其特征在于，制备的步骤如下：
1、备料：按比例称取原料，原材料为纯度不低于99.5％的块状金属；
2、熔炼：采用真空感应炉进行熔炼，加热到1500℃～1580℃，保温时间为15min～30min，真空压力为不高于0.1Pa；熔炼完成后浇注成铸锭；
3、锻造开坯：将铸锭加热到1000℃～1100℃，至少保温60min后采用自由锻开坯，终锻温度不低于750℃，开坯后板坯厚度不大于35mm；
4、热轧：将板坯加热1000℃～1100℃，至少保温30min后，采用二辊或四辊轧机进行热轧，终轧温度不低于750℃，最终热轧板厚度不大于3mm；
5、冷轧：将热轧板采用四辊或四辊以上冷轧机进行冷轧，直接轧至0.1mm～0.35mm，冷轧总变形量不低于80％，得到冷轧合金带；对于Co含量大于27％的热轧板，冷轧之前应进行快速淬火处理，淬火温度为800℃～850℃，冷却介质为不高于-10℃的饱和盐水。
使用如上面所述的超高强度软磁合金带制件的热处理方法，其特征在于：对使用超高强度软磁合金带制造的零件在氢气保护或真空中进行热处理，加热温度为680℃～840℃，保温时间90min～180min；在热处理时施加不同形式的磁场：环形件施加单极环形磁场；多极件施加多极磁场，施加的磁场强度不低于超高强度软磁合金带矫顽力的3倍～5倍。
本发明的优点是：提出了一种超高强度软磁合金带、其制备方法以及其制件的热处理方法，大大提高了力学性能，满足了新型飞机发电机等电力设备的使用要求。本发明的一个实施例，经对比试验证明，抗拉强度提高1.8倍以上。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明做进一步详细说明。一种超高强度软磁合金带，其特征在于，其各个成分的含量为：Fe：45％wt～75％wt；Nb：1.5％wt～5％wt；V：1.5％wt～5％wt；Cr：1.5％wt～5％wt；Zr：0.1％wt～0.5％wt；Ta：0.1％wt～0.5％wt；余量为Co。
如上面所述的超高强度软磁合金带的制备方法，其特征在于，制备的步骤如下：
1、备料：按比例称取原料，原材料为纯度不低于99.5％的块状金属；
2、熔炼：采用真空感应炉进行熔炼，加热到1500℃～1580℃，保温时间为15min～30min，真空压力为不高于0.1Pa；熔炼完成后浇注成铸锭；
3、锻造开坯：将铸锭加热到1000℃～1100℃，至少保温60min后采用自由锻开坯，终锻温度不低于750℃，开坯后板坯厚度不大于35mm；
4、热轧：将板坯加热1000℃～1100℃，至少保温30min后，采用二辊或四辊轧机进行热轧，终轧温度不低于750℃，最终热轧板厚度不大于3mm；
5、冷轧：将热轧板采用四辊或四辊以上冷轧机进行冷轧，直接轧至0.1mm～0.35mm，冷轧总变形量不低于80％，得到冷轧合金带；对于Co含量大于27％的热轧板，冷轧之前应进行快速淬火处理，淬火温度为800℃～850℃，冷却介质为不高于-10℃的饱和盐水。
使用如上面所述的超高强度软磁合金带制件的热处理方法，其特征在于：对使用超高强度软磁合金带制造的零件在氢气保护或真空中进行热处理，加热温度为680℃～840℃，保温时间90min～180min；在热处理时施加不同形式的磁场：环形件施加单极环形磁场；多极件施加多极磁场，施加的磁场强度不低于超高强度软磁合金带矫顽力的3倍～5倍。
为了进一步细化材料组织，提高带材的力学性能，其成分还含有Mo：1％wt～3％wt；Ni：1％wt～3％wt；W：0.1％wt～0.5％wt；Ti：0.1％wt～0.5％wt。
实施例1
成分含量为48.6％Fe，47.7％Co，1.8％V，1.5％Nb，0.2％Cr，0.1％Zr，0.1％Ta的合金，经备料后，进行真空感应熔炼，加热温度1580℃，保温25min，浇注成铸锭；铸锭在1050℃保温60min后，进行锻造开坯，终锻温度为800℃，制成30mm厚板坯；板坯在1050℃保温30min后，进行二辊轧机热轧，终轧温度为800℃，制成2.5mm厚热轧板；热轧板在820℃保温25min后，在-15℃的饱和盐水中淬火，淬火后进行冷轧，制成0.35mm厚带材，带材冲制成φ40mm×φ30mm环形制件，经过氢气保护热处理：740℃保温120min，磁场强度为2100A/m，冷速300℃/小时，测量其性能，结果为：Bs＝2.34T，Hc＝426.3A/m，抗拉强度σb＝1302MPa，屈服强度σ0.2＝752MPa，延伸率δ5＝14.5％。
实施例2
成分含量为48.5％Fe，47.7％Co，2.0％V，1.5％Nb，0.2％Cr，0.1％Zr，0.1％Ta的合金，经备料后，进行真空感应熔炼，加热温度1580℃，保温30min，浇注成铸锭；铸锭在1050℃保温60min后，进行锻造开坯，终锻温度为800℃，制成30mm厚板坯；板坯在1050℃保温30min后，进行二辊轧机热轧，终轧温度为780℃，制成2.3mm厚热轧板；热轧板在820℃保温25min后，在-15℃的饱和盐水中淬火，淬火后进行冷轧，制成0.35mm厚带材，带材冲制成φ60mm×φ30mm四极制件，齿深10mm，经过氢气保护热处理：720℃保温120min，磁场强度为2100A/m，冷速300℃/小时。处理后取φ40mm×φ30mm环形试样，测量其性能，结果为：Bs＝2.21T，Hc＝476.3A/m，抗拉强度σb＝1411MPa，屈服强度σ0.2＝889MPa，延伸率δ5＝16.5％。
实施例3
成分含量为48.5％Fe，47.7％Co，2.0％V，1.5％Nb，0.2％Cr，0.1％Zr，0.1％Ta，1％Mo，1％Ni，0.1％W，0.2％Ti的合金，经备料后，进行真空感应熔炼，加热温度1560℃，保温25min，浇注成铸锭；铸锭在1080℃保温60min后，进行锻造开坯，终锻温度为820℃，制成30mm厚板坯；板坯在1080℃保温30min后，进行二辊轧机热轧，终轧温度为800℃，制成2.8mm厚热轧板；热轧板在820℃保温25min后，在-15℃的饱和盐水中淬火，淬火后进行冷轧，制成0.35mm厚带材，带材冲制成φ40mm×φ30mm环形制件，经过氢气保护热处理：760℃保温100min，磁场强度为2500A/m，冷速200℃/小时。测量其性能，结果为：Bs＝2.12T，Hc＝629.3A/m，抗拉强度σb＝1482MPa，屈服强度σ0.2＝1409MPa，延伸率δ5＝7.0％。

Claims (2)

1.一种超高强度软磁合金带的制备方法，所制备的超高强度软磁合金带各个成分的含量为：Fe：45％wt～75％wt；Nb：1.5％wt～5％wt；V：1.5％wt～5％wt；Cr：1.5％wt～5％wt；Zr：0.1％wt～0.5％wt；Ta：0.1％wt～0.5％wt；余量为Co；其特征在于，制备的步骤如下：
1.1、备料：按比例称取原料，原材料为纯度不低于99.5％的块状金属；
1.2、熔炼：采用真空感应炉进行熔炼，加热到1500℃～1580℃，保温时间为15min～30min，真空压力为不高于0.1Pa；熔炼完成后浇注成铸锭；
1.3、锻造开坯：将铸锭加热到1000℃～1100℃，至少保温60min后采用自由锻开坯，终锻温度不低于750℃，开坯后板坯厚度不大于35mm；
1.4、热轧：将板坯加热1000℃～1100℃，至少保温30min后，采用二辊或四辊轧机进行热轧，终轧温度不低于750℃，最终热轧板厚度不大于3mm；
1.5、冷轧：将热轧板采用四辊以上冷轧机进行冷轧，直接轧至0.1mm～0.35mm，冷轧总变形量不低于80％，得到冷轧合金带；对于Co含量大于27％的热轧板，冷轧之前应进行快速淬火处理，淬火温度为800℃～850℃，冷却介质为不高于-10℃的饱和盐水。
2.一种超高强度软磁合金带的热处理方法，其特征在于：使用如权利要求1所述的方法制备得到超高强度软磁合金带，对使用超高强度软磁合金带制造的零件在氢气保护或真空中进行热处理，加热温度为680℃～840℃，保温时间90min～180min；在热处理时施加不同形式的磁场：环形件施加单极环形磁场；多极件施加多极磁场，施加的磁场强度不低于超高强度软磁合金带矫顽力的3倍。
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