CN105538836B - 一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃及其制备方法,包括:玻璃层,包括:自上而下层叠设置的第一玻璃层、第二玻璃层、第三玻璃层;夹胶层,设置于第一玻璃层与第二玻璃层之间;红外反射层,设置于第三玻璃层上表面;应力防护层,设置于红外反射层上表面;密封层,沿垂直玻璃层的方向涂覆在所述玻璃层四周;保护层,涂覆于所述密封层外侧;一组支撑物,均匀设置于第二玻璃层与应力防护层之间;真空测量探头,设置于玻璃层边角处,第二玻璃层与应力防护层之间;温度测量探头,设置于玻璃层边角处,第二玻璃层与应力防护层之间。所述装置可有效检测真空玻璃的真空性能和温度,并具有良好的隔热保温和防爆性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于建筑材料技术领域,具体地,涉及一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃及其制备方法。
背景技术
玻璃是一种透明度、强度和硬度都很高的材料,在日常环境中呈化学惰性,也不会与生物起作用。因此,其用途非常广泛。真空玻璃在隔音、保温方面具有其他玻璃无可比拟的优势,且较薄,重量相对较轻。由物理常识可知,热量传递通常发生在接触物之间,真空玻璃的上下两玻璃板彼此不接触,真空玻璃周边的密封材料和真空腔中的支撑都采用绝热材料,热传导的成分很小;同时,上下层玻璃中间的密封腔为真空状态,真空度越高,气体分子数越少,气体分子的对流作用越小。可见,真空玻璃的保温隔热隔音降噪性能主要取决于真空玻璃的真空度。
《真空玻璃国家标准JC/T1079-2008》中真空玻璃保温性能测试方法采用热导仪对真空玻璃进行隔热测试,只能对真空玻璃的进行即时隔热性能测试判定,但不能保证由于长期搁置后真空层玻璃表面气体层脱附放气、封离后慢漏气等造成长期真空下降后的隔热保温性能进行判别,尤其在实际安装应用时现场不可能拥有此类实验室设备,另外由于其测量时间长、耗能大、操作要求高、过程繁琐等缺陷无法满足大批量生产状态的100%在线( 生产线) 和离线( 生产线) 检测,只能作为批量抽检或实验室定性检验使用。
目前市面上供应真空玻璃,虽然其检测报告中也标明其传导系数或真空度,但是往往是同批次产品抽检数据,并不能反映具体产品的真实数据,尤其是随着真空玻璃存放或使用时间的延长,绝热密封材料必然会老化,导致真空度下降,也会影响真空玻璃使用效果。如何实时监控真空玻璃夹层中的真空度是确保每个真空玻璃的质量的关键所在,也是消费者对具体产品应该了解的知情权。
对此,我国目前主要存在如下专利。
专利公开号:CN102070305A,公开了一种可实时检测真空性能的真空玻璃,由两层玻璃和沿玻璃周边的绝热密封材料形成的真空密封腔,两层玻璃之间设有均匀分布的等高绝热支撑柱,其特征在于,所述的真空密封腔中设有真空度测量点,真空度测量点固定安装有真空度测量探头,真空度测量探头的引线穿过绝热密封材料。然而,该装置只能检测真空性能,不能检测温度,且保温隔热效果和防爆性能不佳。
发明内容
为解决上述存在的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃及其制备方法。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃及其制备方法,包括:玻璃层,包括:自上而下层叠设置的第一玻璃层、第二玻璃层、第三玻璃层;夹胶层,设置于第一玻璃层与第二玻璃层之间;红外反射层,设置于第三玻璃层上表面;应力防护层,设置于红外反射层上表面;密封层,沿垂直玻璃层的方向涂覆在所述玻璃层四周;保护层,涂覆于所述密封层外侧;一组支撑物,均匀设置于第二玻璃层与应力防护层之间;真空测量探头,设置于玻璃层边角处,第二玻璃层与应力防护层之间;温度测量探头,设置于玻璃层边角处,第二玻璃层与应力防护层之间。
进一步地,所述夹胶层材质可以为PVB或EVA。
另,所述真空测量探头和温度测量探头设置处的第二玻璃层上设有沉坑。
另有,所述真空测量探头的探头设置在沉坑内,其引线穿过密封层和保护层。
再,所述温度测量探头的探头设置在沉坑内,其引线穿过密封层和保护层。
再有,所述红外反射层包括:基体层,设置于所述第三玻璃层上表面;金属层,为金层、银层、铜层或金银铜合金层;第一高折射率层,设置于所述金属层与基体层之间,选自如下氧化物层中的一种或多种:氧化铟锡层、二氧化钛层、氧化锆层、氧化锡层、氧化铟层;第二高折射率层,设置于所述金属层上表面,选自如下氧化物层中的一种或多种:氧化铟锡层、二氧化钛层、氧化锆层、氧化锡层、氧化铟层。
且,所述密封层为耐高温密封胶层。
还,所述应力防护层和保护层为铁氟龙层。
还有,所述基体层为PET薄膜基体、PC基体、PI基体、PP基体、PTFE基体或PA基体。
另,一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃的制备方法,包括如下步骤: 1)取第一玻璃层、第二玻璃层、第三玻璃层,并在第二玻璃层相对第一玻璃层的一侧开设沉坑; 2)选取PVB或EVA,通过双螺杆挤出机造粒,然后通过挤出成型的方法制得所需的夹胶层; 3)将第一玻璃层和第二玻璃层清洗干净,然后依次序层叠,从上而下依次为: 第一玻璃层、夹胶层、第二玻璃层;真空负压下,加热、施加并保持压力,使夹胶彻底融化将所述第一玻璃层和第二玻璃层粘结在一起并完全排除空气,所述加热温度为152-158℃,所述施加的压力为2.5-4.5kg/cm2,所述压力维持的时间为25-30min; 4),在第三玻璃层上表面采用淋涂手段形成红外反射层的基体层,紧接着在基体层自下而上依次沉积第一高折射层、金属层和第二高折射层,构成四层结构薄膜; 5),在红外反射层上喷涂一层应力保护层; 6),在应力保护层上布放支撑物,然后放置第二玻璃层进行合片,并在沉坑中放入真空测量探头和温度测量探头,在玻璃层四周淋覆耐高温密封胶形成密封层;将合片后的玻璃放入加热炉内,进炉升温至100oC-500 oC; 7)在炉内抽真空,或在炉外抽真空,抽真空至 0.1Pa 以下,再降温至耐高温密封胶的熔融温度以下; 6)在密封层外淋涂保护层即制得可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃。
本发明的有益效果在于:由于在真空玻璃中设置有真空测量探头,只要选择与真空测量探头匹配的真空度测量仪器或采用相应的测试方法,就可以对长期储存或即将使用或已经使用中真空玻璃的真空度实时检测,一旦发现真空度下降,对储存或即将使用真空玻璃返工修复,对已经使用中的真空玻璃予以更换或修复,确保真空玻璃的使用效果;由于在真空玻璃中设置有温度测量探头,只要选择与温度测量探头匹配的温度测量仪器或采用相应的测试方法,即可实时得知真空玻璃温度;通过添加夹胶层,使得真空玻璃具有防爆特性,即使玻璃破碎,碎片也不会四处飞溅,增强了真空玻璃使用的安全性;夹胶层所使用的PVB和EVA材料能增强真空玻璃的隔音保温效果;通过添加红外反射层,可有效反射玻璃两侧的红外辐射,避免真空玻璃两侧进行热交换,增强真空玻璃的隔热保温效果,同时可以让自然光入射,保证真空玻璃的透明度;添加应力防护层,可防止红外反射层因真空压力变形;密封层将玻璃层整个密封,不仅保证了真空气密性,也可防止红外反射层与玻璃层中间渗入空气,以导致红外反射层氧化;在密封层外添加一层保护层,能避免密封层因意外或摩擦导致破损。
附图说明
图1为本发明所提供的一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃及其制备方法的结构示意图。
图2为本发明所提供的一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃及其制备方法的红外反射层的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不能用来限制本发明的范围。
参照图1~图2,本发明所提供的一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃及其制备方法,包括:玻璃层1,包括:自上而下层叠设置的第一玻璃层11、第二玻璃层12、第三玻璃层13;夹胶层2,设置于第一玻璃层11与第二玻璃层12之间;红外反射层4,设置于第三玻璃层13上表面;应力防护层3,设置于红外反射层4上表面;密封层7,沿垂直玻璃层2的方向涂覆在所述玻璃层2四周;保护层8,涂覆于所述密封层7外侧;一组支撑物9,均匀设置于第二玻璃层12与应力防护层3之间;真空测量探头5,设置于玻璃层1边角处,第二玻璃层12与应力防护层3之间;温度测量探头6,设置于玻璃层1边角处,第二玻璃层12与应力防护层3之间。
进一步地,所述夹胶层2材质可以为PVB或EVA。
另,所述真空测量探头5和温度测量探头6设置处的第二玻璃层12上设有沉坑(未图示)。
另有,所述真空测量探头5的探头设置在沉坑(未图示)内,其引线(未图示)穿过密封层7和保护层8。
再,所述温度测量探头6的探头设置在沉坑(未图示)内,其引线(未图示)穿过密封层7和保护层8。
再有,所述红外反射层4包括:基体层41,设置于所述第三玻璃层13上表面;金属层43,为金层、银层、铜层或金银铜合金层;第一高折射率层42,设置于所述金属层43与基体层41之间,选自如下氧化物层中的一种或多种:氧化铟锡层、二氧化钛层、氧化锆层、氧化锡层、氧化铟层;第二高折射率层44,设置于所述金属层43上表面,选自如下氧化物层中的一种或多种:氧化铟锡层、二氧化钛层、氧化锆层、氧化锡层、氧化铟层。
且,所述密封层7为耐高温密封胶层。
还,所述应力防护层3和保护层8为铁氟龙层。
还有,所述基体层41为PET薄膜基体、PC基体、PI基体、PP基体、PTFE基体或PA基体。
另,一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃的制备方法,包括如下步骤: 1)取第一玻璃层11、第二玻璃层12、第三玻璃层13,并在第二玻璃层12相对第一玻璃层11的一侧开设沉坑(未图示); 2)选取PVB或EVA,通过双螺杆挤出机造粒,然后通过挤出成型的方法制得所需的夹胶层2; 3)将第一玻璃层11和第二玻璃层12清洗干净,然后依次序层叠,从上而下依次为: 第一玻璃层11、夹胶层2、第二玻璃层12;真空负压下,加热、施加并保持压力,使夹胶彻底融化将所述第一玻璃层11和第二玻璃层12粘结在一起并完全排除空气,所述加热温度为152-158℃,所述施加的压力为2.5-4.5kg/cm2,所述压力维持的时间为25-30min;4),在第三玻璃层13上表面采用淋涂手段形成红外反射层的基体层41,紧接着在基体层41自下而上依次沉积第一高折射层42、金属层43和第二高折射层44,构成四层结构薄膜; 5),在红外反射层4上喷涂一层应力保护层3; 6),在应力保护层3上布放支撑物9,然后放置第二玻璃层12进行合片,并在沉坑(未图示)中放入真空测量探头5和温度测量探头6,在玻璃层1四周淋覆耐高温密封胶形成密封层7;将合片后的玻璃放入加热炉内,进炉升温至100oC-500 oC; 7)在炉内抽真空,或在炉外抽真空,抽真空至 0.1Pa 以下,再降温至耐高温密封胶的熔融温度以下; 6)在密封层7外淋涂保护层8即制得可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃。
本实施例的有益效果在于:由于在真空玻璃中设置有真空测量探头5,只要选择与真空测量探头5匹配的真空度测量仪器或采用相应的测试方法,就可以对长期储存或即将使用或已经使用中真空玻璃的真空度实时检测,一旦发现真空度下降,对储存或即将使用真空玻璃返工修复,对已经使用中的真空玻璃予以更换或修复,确保真空玻璃的使用效果;由于在真空玻璃中设置有温度测量探头6,只要选择与温度测量探头6匹配的温度测量仪器或采用相应的测试方法,即可实时得知真空玻璃温度;通过添加夹胶层2,使得真空玻璃具有防爆特性,即使玻璃破碎,碎片也不会四处飞溅,增强了真空玻璃使用的安全性;夹胶层2所使用的PVB和EVA材料能增强真空玻璃的隔音保温效果;通过添加红外反射层4,可有效反射玻璃两侧的红外辐射,避免真空玻璃两侧进行热交换,增强真空玻璃的隔热保温效果,同时可以让自然光入射,保证真空玻璃的透明度;添加应力防护层3,可防止红外反射层4因压力变形;密封层7将玻璃层整个密封,不仅保证了真空气密性,也可防止红外反射层4与玻璃层1中间渗入空气,以导致红外反射层4氧化;在密封层7外添加一层保护层8,能避免密封层7因意外或摩擦导致破损。
需要说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制。尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围中。
Claims (7)
1.一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃,其特征在于,包括:玻璃层,包括:自上而下层叠设置的第一玻璃层、第二玻璃层、第三玻璃层;夹胶层,设置于第一玻璃层与第二玻璃层之间;红外反射层,设置于第三玻璃层上表面;应力防护层,设置于红外反射层上表面;密封层,沿垂直玻璃层的方向涂覆在所述玻璃层四周;保护层,涂覆于所述密封层外侧;一组支撑物,均匀设置于第二玻璃层与应力防护层之间; 真空测量探头,设置于玻璃层边角处,第二玻璃层与应力防护层之间;温度测量探头,设置于玻璃层边角处,第二玻璃层与应力防护层之间;所述真空测量探头和温度测量探头设置处的第二玻璃层上设有沉坑,所述真空测量探头和温度测量探头的探头设置在沉坑内,其引线穿过密封层和保护层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃,其特征在于,所述夹胶层材质为PVB或EVA。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃,其特征在于,所述红外反射层包括:基体层,设置于所述第三玻璃层上表面;金属层,为金层、银层、铜层或金银铜合金层;第一高折射率层,设置于所述金属层与基体层之间,选自如下氧化物层中的一种或多种:氧化铟锡层、二氧化钛层、氧化锆层、氧化锡层、氧化铟层;第二高折射率层,设置于所述金属层上表面,选自如下氧化物层中的一种或多种:氧化铟锡层、二氧化钛层、氧化锆层、氧化锡层、氧化铟层。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃,其特征在于,所述密封层为耐高温密封胶层。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃,其特征在于,所述应力防护层和保护层为铁氟龙层。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃,其特征在于,所述基体层为PET薄膜基体、PC基体、PI基体、PP基体、PTFE基体或PA基体。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的一种可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃的制备方法,其特征在于,其制备方法如下:1)取第一玻璃层、第二玻璃层、第三玻璃层,并在第二玻璃层相对第一玻璃层的一侧开设沉坑;2)选取PVB或EVA,通过双螺杆挤出机造粒,然后通过挤出成型的方法制得所需的夹胶层;3)将第一玻璃层和第二玻璃层清洗干净,然后依次序层叠,从上而下依次为:第一玻璃层、夹胶层、第二玻璃层;真空负压下,加热、施加并保持压力,使夹胶彻底融化将所述第一玻璃层和第二玻璃层粘结在一起并完全排除空气,所述加热温度为152-158℃,所述施加的压力为2.5-4.5kg/cm2,所述压力维持的时间为25-30min;4),在第三玻璃层上表面采用淋涂手段形成红外反射层的基体层,紧接着在基体层自下而上依次沉积第一高折射层、金属层和第二高折射层,构成四层结构薄膜;5),在红外反射层上喷涂一层应力保护层;6),在应力保护层上布放支撑物,然后放置第二玻璃层进行合片,并在沉坑中放入真空测量探头和温度测量探头,在玻璃层四周淋覆耐高温密封胶形成密封层;将合片后的玻璃放入加热炉内,进炉升温至100℃-500℃;7)在炉内抽真空,或在炉外抽真空,抽真空至0.1Pa以下,再降温至耐高温密封胶的熔融温度以下;8)在密封层外淋涂保护层即制得可检测真空性能和温度的真空玻璃。
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