CN105536709A - 一种改良甲苯吸附剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种改良甲苯吸附剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105536709A
CN105536709A CN201610004722.3A CN201610004722A CN105536709A CN 105536709 A CN105536709 A CN 105536709A CN 201610004722 A CN201610004722 A CN 201610004722A CN 105536709 A CN105536709 A CN 105536709A
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彭孝茹
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Handan Yulong Chemical Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种改良甲苯吸附剂及其制备方法。由以下成分制备而成：兰炭、柠檬酸三乙酯、脱氢乙酸钠、氯化钙、氯化镁、磷酸二氢钾、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯、癸二酸二辛酯、磷酸二氢铝、乙醇、硝酸、水。其制备方法为先将兰炭、硝酸和水混合，置于振荡器中进行震荡反应，然后进行过滤，同时用水冲洗3遍，将过滤物烘干；然后将柠檬酸三乙酯、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯、癸二酸二辛酯和乙醇在常温下混合溶解，将过滤物加入其中混合反应，最后烘干即得。本发明的吸附剂能有效地吸附甲苯，快速且吸附量大，同时能去除不愉快气味；另外其生产方法也较为简单，适宜于工业化生产。

Description

一种改良甲苯吸附剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及吸附剂领域，具体涉及一种改良甲苯吸附剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着经济的快速发展，人民生活水平的提高，我国的环境质量也相应的付出了惨重的代价，成为了制约社会经济发展及危害人体健康的主要因素之一。挥发性有机化合物就是其中一类严重污染了我们环境的罪魁祸首，而甲苯就是其中一种最重要的污染物。甲苯作为重要的有机溶剂，主要来自于工业生产、装饰材料和化妆品、消毒剂、防腐剂等日用品，其使用量也在不断增加。而甲苯对人体造成的危害也也众所周知，它对眼睛、呼吸系统和皮肤都有着强烈的刺激作用，长期接触会引起慢性中毒，更严重的是苯系化合物已被WTO确定为强烈致癌物质。目前，大多数的企业都采用活性炭吸附法来净化挥发性有机废气，但是活性炭在使用中吸附容量、再生、成本等方面都存在限制和缺陷，如何有效环保低成本地去除甲苯成为了一个研究的热题。
发明内容
要解决的技术问题：本发明的目的是提供一种改良后的甲苯吸附剂，能快速有效地吸附甲苯，同时去除不愉快气味，降低甲苯对环境和人体的危害。
技术方案：一种改良甲苯吸附剂，由以下成分以重量份制备而成：兰炭20-30份、柠檬酸三乙酯1-2份、脱氢乙酸钠0.5-1份、氯化钙0.5-1份、氯化镁0.5-1份、磷酸二氢钾0.5-1份、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯0.1-0.2份、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯0.1-0.2份、癸二酸二辛酯0.1-0.2份、磷酸二氢铝0.1-0.2份、乙醇2-5份、硝酸5-8份、水20-30份。
进一步优选的，所述的一种改良甲苯吸附剂，由以下成分以重量份制备而成：兰炭23-28份、柠檬酸三乙酯1.3-1.8份、脱氢乙酸钠0.6-0.9份、氯化钙0.6-0.9份、氯化镁0.7-0.9份、磷酸二氢钾0.7-0.9份、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯0.12-0.18份、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯0.13-0.17份、癸二酸二辛酯0.12-0.17份、磷酸二氢铝0.13-0.18份、乙醇3-4份、硝酸6-7份、水23-28份。
上述改良甲苯吸附剂的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将兰炭、硝酸和水混合，置于振荡器中，以120-150r/min的速率在20-30℃下震荡反应22-24小时；
步骤2：将混合物进行过滤，同时用水冲洗3遍，将过滤物在100-120℃下烘1-1.5小时；
步骤3：将柠檬酸三乙酯、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯、癸二酸二辛酯和乙醇在常温下混合，搅拌5-10分钟；
步骤4：将步骤2所得过滤物加入步骤3溶液中，混合反应0.5-1小时，在100-110℃下烘干即得。
进一步优选的，步骤1中转速为130-140r/min，温度为23-28℃，反应时间为22.5-23.5小时。
进一步优选的，步骤2中温度为105-115℃，时间为1.2-1.4小时。
进一步优选的，步骤3中搅拌时间为7-9分钟。
进一步优选的，步骤4中混合反应时间为0.7-0.9小时，烘干温度为103-108℃。
有益效果：本发明的改良甲苯吸附剂对甲苯的吸附量很大，最高可超过50g甲苯/100g实施例；而对甲苯的吸附率高于50%的时间也达到了90分钟以上，可以长时间吸附甲苯，可持续的时间最多可达到493分钟，同时可以去除不愉快的气味。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种改良甲苯吸附剂，由以下成分以重量份制备而成：兰炭23份、柠檬酸三乙酯1.3份、脱氢乙酸钠0.6份、氯化钙0.6份、氯化镁0.7份、磷酸二氢钾0.7份、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯0.12份、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯0.13份、癸二酸二辛酯0.12份、磷酸二氢铝0.13份、乙醇3份、硝酸6份、水23份。
上述改良甲苯吸附剂的制备方法为：先将兰炭、硝酸和水混合，置于振荡器中，以130r/min的速率在23℃下震荡反应22.5小时，进行过滤，同时用水冲洗3遍，将过滤物在105℃下烘1.2小时；然后将柠檬酸三乙酯、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯、癸二酸二辛酯和乙醇在常温下混合，搅拌7分钟，将过滤物加入其中，混合反应0.7小时，在103℃下烘干即得。
实施例2
一种改良甲苯吸附剂，由以下成分以重量份制备而成：兰炭28份、柠檬酸三乙酯1.8份、脱氢乙酸钠0.9份、氯化钙0.9份、氯化镁0.9份、磷酸二氢钾0.9份、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯0.18份、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯0.17份、癸二酸二辛酯0.17份、磷酸二氢铝0.18份、乙醇4份、硝酸6-7份、水28份。
上述改良甲苯吸附剂的制备方法为：先将兰炭、硝酸和水混合，置于振荡器中，以140r/min的速率在28℃下震荡反应23.5小时，进行过滤，同时用水冲洗3遍，将过滤物在115℃下烘1.4小时；然后将柠檬酸三乙酯、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯、癸二酸二辛酯和乙醇在常温下混合，搅拌9分钟，将过滤物加入其中，混合反应0.9小时，在108℃下烘干即得。
实施例3
一种改良甲苯吸附剂，由以下成分以重量份制备而成：兰炭20份、柠檬酸三乙酯1份、脱氢乙酸钠0.5份、氯化钙0.5份、氯化镁0.5份、磷酸二氢钾0.5份、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯0.1份、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯0.1份、癸二酸二辛酯0.1份、磷酸二氢铝0.1份、乙醇2份、硝酸5份、水20份。
上述改良甲苯吸附剂的制备方法为：先将兰炭、硝酸和水混合，置于振荡器中，以120r/min的速率在20℃下震荡反应22小时，进行过滤，同时用水冲洗3遍，将过滤物在100℃下烘1小时；然后将柠檬酸三乙酯、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯、癸二酸二辛酯和乙醇在常温下混合，搅拌5分钟，将过滤物加入其中，混合反应0.5小时，在100℃下烘干即得。
实施例4
一种改良甲苯吸附剂，由以下成分以重量份制备而成：兰炭25份、柠檬酸三乙酯1.5份、脱氢乙酸钠0.7份、氯化钙0.8份、氯化镁0.7份、磷酸二氢钾0.8份、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯0.15份、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯0.15份、癸二酸二辛酯0.15份、磷酸二氢铝0.15份、乙醇3.5份、硝酸6.5份、水25份。
上述改良甲苯吸附剂的制备方法为：先将兰炭、硝酸和水混合，置于振荡器中，以135r/min的速率在25℃下震荡反应23小时，进行过滤，同时用水冲洗3遍，将过滤物在110℃下烘1.3小时；然后将柠檬酸三乙酯、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯、癸二酸二辛酯和乙醇在常温下混合，搅拌7分钟，将过滤物加入其中，混合反应0.8小时，在105℃下烘干即得。
实施例5
一种改良甲苯吸附剂，由以下成分以重量份制备而成：兰炭30份、柠檬酸三乙酯2份、脱氢乙酸钠1份、氯化钙1份、氯化镁1份、磷酸二氢钾1份、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯0.2份、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯0.2份、癸二酸二辛酯0.2份、磷酸二氢铝0.2份、乙醇5份、硝酸8份、水30份。
上述改良甲苯吸附剂的制备方法为：先将兰炭、硝酸和水混合，置于振荡器中，以150r/min的速率在30℃下震荡反应24小时，进行过滤，同时用水冲洗3遍，将过滤物在120℃下烘1.5小时；然后将柠檬酸三乙酯、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯、癸二酸二辛酯和乙醇在常温下混合，搅拌10分钟，将过滤物加入其中，混合反应1小时，在110℃下烘干即得。
对比例1
本实施例与实施例5的区别在于不含有柠檬酸三乙酯和邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯。具体地说是：
一种改良甲苯吸附剂，由以下成分以重量份制备而成：兰炭30份、脱氢乙酸钠1份、氯化钙1份、氯化镁1份、磷酸二氢钾1份、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯0.2份、癸二酸二辛酯0.2份、磷酸二氢铝0.2份、乙醇5份、硝酸8份、水30份。
上述改良甲苯吸附剂的制备方法为：先将兰炭、硝酸和水混合，置于振荡器中，以150r/min的速率在30℃下震荡反应24小时，进行过滤，同时用水冲洗3遍，将过滤物在120℃下烘1.5小时；然后将抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、癸二酸二辛酯和乙醇在常温下混合，搅拌10分钟，将过滤物加入其中，混合反应1小时，在110℃下烘干即得。
对比例2
本实施例与实施例5的区别在于不含有癸二酸二辛酯和抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯。具体地说是：
一种改良甲苯吸附剂，由以下成分以重量份制备而成：兰炭30份、柠檬酸三乙酯2份、脱氢乙酸钠1份、氯化钙1份、氯化镁1份、磷酸二氢钾1份、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯0.2份、磷酸二氢铝0.2份、乙醇5份、硝酸8份、水30份。
上述改良甲苯吸附剂的制备方法为：先将兰炭、硝酸和水混合，置于振荡器中，以150r/min的速率在30℃下震荡反应24小时，进行过滤，同时用水冲洗3遍，将过滤物在120℃下烘1.5小时；然后将柠檬酸三乙酯、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯和乙醇在常温下混合，搅拌10分钟，将过滤物加入其中，混合反应1小时，在110℃下烘干即得。
将各实施例与对比例作对比，对比结果如下表1：
表1改良甲苯吸附剂的性能指标
产品名称 甲苯吸附量（g甲苯/100g实施例） 对甲苯的吸附时间（吸附率≥50%） 对甲苯的吸附时间（吸附率≥5%）
实施例1 48.62 93.1 472
实施例2 50.06 94.8 493
实施例3 47.99 92.4 463
实施例4 48.93 93.7 481
实施例5 49.67 94.2 486
对照例1 43.91 83.1 421
对照例2 46.37 76.3 429
从表1可知，实施例1-5对甲苯的吸附量都很多，最高可超过50g甲苯/100g实施例；而对甲苯的吸附率高于50%的时间也达到了90分钟以上，可以长时间吸附甲苯，可持续的时间最多可达到493分钟。同对比例1相比，发现对比例1对甲苯的吸附速率降低了，吸附时间减少了，吸附量也减少了，说明柠檬酸三乙酯和邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯能明显的延长吸附时间，增加对甲苯的吸附量。同对比例2相比，发现对比例2对甲苯的吸附率大于50%的时间明显的减少了，而总的吸附量和对甲苯的吸附率大于5%的时间也是稍有下降，说明癸二酸二辛酯和抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯能提高本发明对甲苯的吸附速率。从结果可以看出本发明的最优实施例为实施例2，各项性能指标都最好。

Claims (8)

1.一种改良甲苯吸附剂，其特征在于：由以下成分以重量份制备而成：兰炭20-30份、柠檬酸三乙酯1-2份、脱氢乙酸钠0.5-1份、氯化钙0.5-1份、氯化镁0.5-1份、磷酸二氢钾0.5-1份、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯0.1-0.2份、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯0.1-0.2份、癸二酸二辛酯0.1-0.2份、磷酸二氢铝0.1-0.2份、乙醇2-5份、硝酸5-8份、水20-30份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种改良甲苯吸附剂，其特征在于：由以下成分以重量份制备而成：兰炭23-28份、柠檬酸三乙酯1.3-1.8份、脱氢乙酸钠0.6-0.9份、氯化钙0.6-0.9份、氯化镁0.7-0.9份、磷酸二氢钾0.7-0.9份、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯0.12-0.18份、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯0.13-0.17份、癸二酸二辛酯0.12-0.17份、磷酸二氢铝0.13-0.18份、乙醇3-4份、硝酸6-7份、水23-28份。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种改良甲苯吸附剂，其特征在于：所述兰炭目数为10-20目。
4.权利要求1至2任一项所述的一种改良甲苯吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将兰炭、硝酸和水混合，置于振荡器中，以120-150r/min的速率在20-30℃下震荡反应22-24小时；
步骤2：将混合物进行过滤，同时用水冲洗3遍，将过滤物在100-120℃下烘1-1.5小时；
步骤3：将柠檬酸三乙酯、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯、癸二酸二辛酯和乙醇在常温下混合，搅拌5-10分钟；
步骤4：将步骤2所得过滤物加入步骤3溶液中，混合反应0.5-1小时，在100-110℃下烘干即得。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种改良甲苯吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤1中转速为130-140r/min，温度为23-28℃，反应时间为22.5-23.5小时。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种改良甲苯吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2中温度为105-115℃，时间为1.2-1.4小时。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种改良甲苯吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤3中搅拌时间为7-9分钟。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种改良甲苯吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤4中混合反应时间为0.7-0.9小时，烘干温度为103-108℃。
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