CN105524226B - 隐形眼镜用聚合物材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/006—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polymers provided for in C08G18/00
- C08F283/008—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polymers provided for in C08G18/00 on to unsaturated polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种隐形眼镜用聚合物材料，按质量百分比计，包括以下组分：聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂10～40％，甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯40～70％，N‑乙烯基吡咯烷酮5～30％，丙烯酸0.5～5％，硅烷偶联剂1～20％；隐形眼镜用聚合物材料的制备方法，将各原料混合，加入紫外光引发剂，在紫外光下照射，存储于去离子水中。本发明的有益效果是：将多元醇保湿剂通过化学键的连接将游离的保湿剂固定在聚合物链上，可以有效防止水分蒸发，保持材质的湿润和柔软，使佩戴者更舒服；作为大分子交联剂可以避免小分子交联剂的毒性以及提高隐形眼镜材料的物理化学性能和生物相容性；丙烯酸酯类提供高的吸水率，和硅烷偶联剂可以有效提高隐形眼镜的透氧性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医用高分子材料，涉及一种隐形眼镜用聚合物材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
隐形眼镜(contact lens)，或角膜接触镜，是一种戴在眼球角膜上，用以矫正视力或保护眼睛的镜片。根据其材质的弹性主要包括硬性和软性两种，隐形眼镜不仅从外观上和方便性方面给近视、远视、散光等屈光不正患者带来了很大的改善，而且视野宽阔、视物逼真，此外在控制青少年近视、散光发展，治疗特殊的眼病等方面也发挥了特殊的功效。但因为人的眼镜需要呼吸，为了维持角膜的健康，隐形眼镜需要高的透氧率。于是，有机硅、氟丙烯酸酯充当了具有优秀透氧性能的隐形眼镜材质，可以减少缺氧引发的并发症。但往往单方面追求高透氧性能，而忽略了镜片干燥、脱水和镜片中水挥发太快，造成角膜干燥等。因此，材质中需含有保湿剂，主要有多元醇、天然保湿因子、氨基酸类和高分子生化。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是：基于上述问题，本发明提供一种隐形眼镜用聚合物材料及其制备方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的一个技术方案是：一种隐形眼镜用聚合物材料，按质量百分比计，包括以下组分：聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂10～40％，甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯40～70％，N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮5～30％，丙烯酸0.5～5％，硅烷偶联剂1～20％。
进一步地，聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂由聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯和丙烯酸羟烷酯制得，制备过称为：将聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯和催化剂加入反应容器中，60～80℃反应2～3小时，再向反应容器中缓慢滴入丙烯酸羟烷酯封端剂，40～60℃反应10～12小时，得到聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯，放入真空干燥箱室温干燥24h。
进一步地，硅烷偶联剂为γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
进一步地，聚醚多元醇为聚乙二醇或聚丙二醇，聚乙二醇具体为PEG400、PEG1000或PEG2000，聚丙二醇具体为PPG400、PPG1000或PPG2000；二异氰酸酯为六亚甲基二异氰酸酯或异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯，催化剂为有机铋、二月桂酸二丁基锡或辛酸亚锡。
进一步地，聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯和丙烯酸酯类封端剂的摩尔比为1：2：2，催化剂的含量为聚醚多元醇和二异氰酸酯总质量的0.1～0.5％。
隐形眼镜用聚合物材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、丙烯酸和硅烷偶联剂混合，加入紫外光引发剂，在紫外光下照射5～20min，存储于去离子水中，制得聚合物材料。
进一步地，硅烷偶联剂为γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷，紫外光引发剂为1-羟基环己基苯基甲酮或安息香双甲醚，紫外光引发剂为占聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂、丙烯酸和硅烷偶联剂总质量的0.5～1％。
进一步地，聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂由聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯和丙烯酸羟烷酯制得，制备过称为：将聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯和催化剂加入反应容器中，60～80℃反应2～3小时，再向反应容器中缓慢滴入丙烯酸羟烷酯封端剂，40～60℃反应10～12小时，得到聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯，放入真空干燥箱室温干燥24h。
进一步地，聚醚多元醇为聚乙二醇或聚丙二醇，聚乙二醇具体为PEG400、PEG1000或PEG2000，聚丙二醇具体为PPG400、PPG1000或PPG2000；二异氰酸酯为六亚甲基二异氰酸酯或异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯，催化剂为有机铋、二月桂酸二丁基锡或辛酸亚锡。
进一步地，聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯和丙烯酸酯类封端剂的摩尔比为1：2：2，催化剂的含量为聚醚多元醇和二异氰酸酯总质量的0.1～0.5％。
本发明的有益效果是：将多元醇保湿剂通过化学键的连接将游离的保湿剂固定在聚合物链上，可以有效防止水分蒸发，保持材质的湿润和柔软，使佩戴者更舒服；作为大分子交联剂可以避免小分子交联剂的毒性以及提高隐形眼镜材料的物理化学性能和生物相容性；丙烯酸酯类提供高的吸水率，和硅烷偶联剂可以有效提高隐形眼镜的透氧性。
具体实施方式
现在结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，以下实施例旨在说明本发明而不是对本发明的进一步限定。
实施例1
(1)将0.02mol聚乙二醇(Mw＝1000)加入到100mL的圆底烧瓶100℃下抽真空3h，然后降温到室温，依次加入0.04mol六亚甲基二异氰酸酯及0.0802g催化剂有机铋，在氮气保护70℃反应3h。将反应体系冷却到50℃，加入0.04mol甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯继续反应10h，红外检测反应体系中NCO峰消失即反应结束。将产物加到冷的乙醚中离心以去除甲苯、未反应的单体及催化剂，然后放入真空干燥箱常温干燥24h。
(2)反应容器中依次加入聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂0.60g、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯1.80g、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮0.30g、丙烯酸0.06g、硅烷偶联剂0.24g，然后加入紫外光引发剂0.015g。混合均匀后，在紫外光下照射5min，得到隐形眼镜，存储于去离子水中。
实施例2
(1)将0.01mol聚乙二醇(Mw＝2000)加入到100mL的圆底烧瓶100℃下抽真空3h，然后降温到室温，依次加入0.02mol异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯及催化剂有机铋的质量为0.0734g，在氮气保护70℃反应3h。将反应体系冷却到50℃，加入0.02mol甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯继续反应10h，红外检测反应体系中NCO峰消失即反应结束。将产物加到冷的乙醚中离心以去除甲苯、未反应的单体及催化剂，然后放入真空干燥箱常温干燥24h。
(2)反应容器中依次加入聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂0.60g、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯1.50g、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮0.60g、丙烯酸0.15g、硅烷偶联剂0.15g，然后加入紫外光引发剂0.02g。混合均匀后，在紫外光下照射5min，得到隐形眼镜，存储于去离子水中。
实施例3
(1)将0.01mol聚乙二醇(Mw＝2000)加入到100mL的圆底烧瓶100℃下抽真空3h，然后降温到室温，依次加入0.02mol异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯及0.0734g催化剂有机铋，在氮气保护70℃反应3h。将反应体系冷却到50℃，加入0.02mol丙烯酸羟乙酯继续反应10h，红外检测反应体系中NCO峰消失即反应结束。将产物加到冷的乙醚中离心以去除甲苯、未反应的单体及催化剂，然后放入真空干燥箱常温干燥24h。
(2)反应容器中依次加入聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂0.60g、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯1.80g、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮0.30g、丙烯酸0.15g、硅烷偶联剂0.15g，然后加入紫外光引发剂0.03g。混合均匀后，在紫外光下照射5min，得到隐形眼镜，存储于去离子水中。
实施例4
(1)聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂的制备：将0.01mol聚乙二醇(Mw＝2000)加入到100mL的圆底烧瓶100℃下抽真空3h，然后降温到室温，依次加入0.02mol异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯及0.0734g催化剂有机铋，在氮气保护70℃反应3h。将反应体系冷却到50℃，加入0.02mol甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯继续反应10h，红外检测反应体系中NCO峰消失即反应结束。将产物加到冷的乙醚中离心以去除甲苯、未反应的单体及催化剂，然后放入真空干燥箱常温干燥24h。
(2)反应容器中依次加入聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂0.60g、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯1.80g、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮0.45g、丙烯酸0.03g、硅烷偶联剂0.12g，然后加入紫外光引发剂0.02g。混合均匀后，在紫外光下照射5min，得到隐形眼镜，存储于去离子水中。
实施例5
(1)将0.01mol聚乙二醇(Mw＝2000)加入到100mL的圆底烧瓶100℃下抽真空3h，然后降温到室温，依次加入0.02mol异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯及0.0489g催化剂有机铋，在氮气保护70℃反应3h。将反应体系冷却到50℃，加入0.02mol甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯继续反应10h，红外检测反应体系中NCO峰消失即反应结束。将产物加到冷的乙醚中离心以去除甲苯、未反应的单体及催化剂，然后放入真空干燥箱常温干燥24h。
(2)反应容器中依次加入聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂0.90g、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯1.80g、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮0.15g、丙烯酸0.03g、硅烷偶联剂0.12g，然后加入紫外光引发剂0.015g。混合均匀后，在紫外光下照射5min，得到隐形眼镜，存储于去离子水中。
实施例6
(1)将0.02mol聚丙二醇(Mw＝1000)加入到100mL的圆底烧瓶100℃下抽真空3h，然后降温到室温，依次加入0.04mol六亚甲基二异氰酸酯及0.1069g催化剂有机铋，在氮气保护70℃反应3h。将反应体系冷却到50℃，加入0.04mol甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯继续反应10h，红外检测反应体系中NCO峰消失即反应结束。将产物加到冷的乙醚中离心以去除甲苯、未反应的单体及催化剂，然后放入真空干燥箱常温干燥24h。
(2)反应容器中依次加入聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂0.60g、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯1.50g、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮0.30g、丙烯酸0.15g、硅烷偶联剂0.45g，然后加入紫外光引发剂0.03g。混合均匀后，在紫外光下照射5min，得到隐形眼镜，存储于去离子水中。
隐形眼镜有相对重要的性能指标：透光率，吸水率，具体数据见下表：
雾度是指透过试样而偏离入射光方向的散射光通量与透射光通量之比。通常仅将偏离入射光方向2.5°以上的散射光用于计算雾度。
| 透光率(％) | 雾度(％) | 吸水率(％) | |
| 实施例1 | 91.5 | 0.19 | 109.22％ |
| 实施例2 | 91.6 | 2.11 | 128.54％ |
| 实施例3 | 91.6 | 3.26 | 115.58 |
| 实施例4 | 90.3 | 3.72 | 136.71 |
| 实施例5 | 91.5 | 2.91 | 101.21 |
| 实施例6 | 90.6 | 8.56 | 19.21 |
无着色的隐形眼镜的透光率为90～98％，本体系中添加不同种类和不同含量的大分子交联剂，以及其他组分的配合使得制得的隐形眼镜透光率在91％左右。
实施例1和实施例6的雾度相差很大，可能是实施例1中使用的大分子交联剂是聚乙二醇聚氨酯丙烯酸酯，其聚乙二醇(Mw＝1000)分子链短，且柔顺，在体系中相容性好和分布均匀；而基于聚丙二醇的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂在体系中相容性较差，分布不均匀，所以制得的隐形眼镜，其雾度增大。
实施例6中，材质的吸水率很小，是由于聚丙二醇聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的疏水性和体系中含有较高含量的硅烷偶联剂。对于隐形眼镜，其吸水率不同的，可分为含水量小于50％的低含水镜片(镜片中心厚度相对较薄)，镜片成型性较好，变形程度小，且不容易脱水；和大于50％的高含水镜片(中心厚度较厚)，镜片会柔软，但也容易变形，以失去水分。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种隐形眼镜用聚合物材料，其特征是：按质量百分比计，包括以下组分：聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂10～40％，甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯40～70％，N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮5～30％，丙烯酸0.5～5％，硅烷偶联剂1～20％，所述的聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯大分子交联剂由聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯和丙烯酸羟烷酯制得，制备过程为：将聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯和催化剂加入反应容器中，60～80℃反应2～3小时，再向反应容器中缓慢滴入丙烯酸羟烷酯封端剂，40～60℃反应10～12小时，得到聚醚聚氨酯丙烯酸酯，放入真空干燥箱室温干燥24h。
2.根据权利要求1所述的隐形眼镜用聚合物材料，其特征是：所述的硅烷偶联剂为γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
3.根据权利要求1所述的隐形眼镜用聚合物材料，其特征是：所述的聚醚多元醇为聚乙二醇或聚丙二醇，聚乙二醇为PEG400、PEG1000或PEG2000，聚丙二醇为PPG400、PPG1000或PPG2000；二异氰酸酯为六亚甲基二异氰酸酯或异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯，催化剂为有机铋、二月桂酸二丁基锡或辛酸亚锡。
4.根据权利要求1所述的隐形眼镜用聚合物材料，其特征是：所述的聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯和丙烯酸羟烷酯封端剂的摩尔比为1：2：2，催化剂的含量为聚醚多元醇和二异氰酸酯总质量的0.1～0.5％。
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