CN105504724A - 一种添加电气石粉的汽车内饰材料 - Google Patents
一种添加电气石粉的汽车内饰材料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种添加电气石粉的汽车内饰材料，由下列重量份的原料制成：竹纤维30-35、三氧化二锑2-3、贝壳粉5-7、水性聚氨酯10-12、硅烷偶联剂kh5700.2-0.4、聚乙烯蜡1-2、聚乙烯醇10-13、聚乳酸100-105、二甲基乙酰胺60-68、二甲基亚砜30-35、电气石粉9-10、聚碳酸酯6-8、聚天冬氨酸5.3-6、硅藻土5.8-6.8、去离子水适量；本发明制备的材料具有很好的生物相容性，生物降解性高，对环境无污染，并且还具有杀菌、保健、抗冲击等优良性能，值得推广。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种添加电气石粉的汽车内饰材料。
背景技术
聚乳酸（PLA）是以乳酸为主要原料聚合得到的聚合物，其生产过程无污染，而且可以生物降解，因此是理想的绿色高分子材料。近年来，PLA在汽车内饰、纺织、包装、医学领域的应用得到了长足的发展。PLA因其无毒、良好的生物相容性、可生物降解性且最终降解产物为CO2和H2O，以及其性能可在很大范围内通过共聚、共混、分子修饰、复合等方法得到调节，已经成为当前最受重视的材料之一。PLA具有良好的强度和刚性，但柔软性、冲击性能和耐热性能差。如果应用于韧性和耐热性要求高的场合，必须对PLA进行改性。目前大部分的PLA改性材料主要应用于食品包装、医疗器械等领域，而在汽车上作为内饰件的应用只有零星报道。
竹纤维在天然纤维中硬度较好，具有硬度高、密度低、能够生物降解、可再生、抗菌、抑菌和不易磨损等特点，其表面还具有大量的羟基使其具有高的反应活性，本发明通过特殊的工艺将竹纤维作为聚乳酸的填充材料能够提高聚乳酸复合材料的力学性能，改善聚乳酸的脆性，抗冲击性等方面的性能，提高聚乳酸材料的应用领域。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种添加电气石粉的汽车内饰材料。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种添加电气石粉的汽车内饰材料，由下列重量份的原料制成：竹纤维30-35、三氧化二锑2-3、贝壳粉5-7、水性聚氨酯10-12、硅烷偶联剂kh5700.2-0.4、聚乙烯蜡1-2、聚乙烯醇10-13、聚乳酸100-105、二甲基乙酰胺60-68、二甲基亚砜30-35、电气石粉9-10、聚碳酸酯6-8、聚天冬氨酸5.3-6、硅藻土5.8-6.8、去离子水适量；
所述一种添加电气石粉的汽车内饰材料，由下列具体步骤制备制成：
（1）将竹纤维在105°C下干燥2-3h后进行开松处理，将三氧化二锑和贝壳粉加到水性聚氨酯乳液中（固含量为20%-25%）搅拌均匀，将竹纤维浸渍到水性聚氨酯乳液中，在2-3Pa下加热至100°C恒温保持至水分蒸发，最后烘干后备用；
（2）将聚碳酸酯加热至熔融后和电气石粉混合搅拌均匀，然后将硅烷偶联剂kh570、聚乙烯蜡混合均匀，改性电气石粉置于高速混合机中搅拌，喷雾状喷入偶联剂与润滑剂混合液，喷完后继续搅拌10-15min备用；
（3）将聚乙烯醇、聚乳酸加到二甲基乙酰胺中，在35-40°C水浴中加热溶解，待溶液透明再加入二甲基亚砜、步骤（2）制备的产物和其他剩余物质混合加热蒸发除去溶剂，然后将混合物加到螺杆纺丝机中进行挤出纺丝后备用；
（4）将步骤（1）得到的改性竹纤维和步骤（3）得到的改性聚乳酸丝进行混纺并条，然后将干燥的混合纤维条加到螺杆挤出机中，控制挤出温度为155-170°C，挤出造粒即可。
本发明的优点是：本发明采用竹纤维浸渍到含有三氧化二锑和贝壳粉的水性聚氨酯中，提高了竹纤维与聚乳酸的界面相容性，并且提高了防火性、静电性、净化空气和抑菌的作用，本发明还通过电气石粉改性聚乳酸，提高其强度、杀菌、保健和抗冲击性能，并将其纺丝和竹纤维混纺造粒，使两者共混而同时提高耐热和增韧的性能，此方法能够均衡各组分性能，取长取短，消除单一组分的弱点，添加的聚天冬氨酸和硅藻土能够增强材料的冲击强度、拉伸强度、耐磨性，且提高了生物降解性，与环境相容性好，本发明制备的材料具有很好的生物相容性，生物降解性高，对环境无污染，并且还具有杀菌、保健、抗冲击等优良性能，值得推广。
具体实施方式
一种添加电气石粉的汽车内饰材料，由下列重量份（公斤）的原料制成：竹纤维30、三氧化二锑2、贝壳粉5、水性聚氨酯10、硅烷偶联剂kh5700.2、聚乙烯蜡1、聚乙烯醇10、聚乳酸100、二甲基乙酰胺60、二甲基亚砜30、电气石粉9、聚碳酸酯6、聚天冬氨酸5.3、硅藻土5.8、去离子水适量；
所述一种添加电气石粉的汽车内饰材料，由下列具体步骤制备制成：
（1）将竹纤维在105°C下干燥2h后进行开松处理，将三氧化二锑和贝壳粉加到水性聚氨酯乳液中（固含量为20%）搅拌均匀，将竹纤维浸渍到水性聚氨酯乳液中，在2Pa下加热至100°C恒温保持至水分蒸发，最后烘干后备用；
（2）将聚碳酸酯加热至熔融后和电气石粉混合搅拌均匀，然后将硅烷偶联剂kh570、聚乙烯蜡混合均匀，改性电气石粉置于高速混合机中搅拌，喷雾状喷入偶联剂与润滑剂混合液，喷完后继续搅拌10min备用；
（3）将聚乙烯醇、聚乳酸加到二甲基乙酰胺中，在35°C水浴中加热溶解，待溶液透明再加入二甲基亚砜、步骤（2）制备的产物和其他剩余物质混合加热蒸发除去溶剂，然后将混合物加到螺杆纺丝机中进行挤出纺丝后备用；
（4）将步骤（1）得到的改性竹纤维和步骤（3）得到的改性聚乳酸丝进行混纺并条，然后将干燥的混合纤维条加到螺杆挤出机中，控制挤出温度为155°C，挤出造粒即可。
性能测试：
按照实施例制备对其材料进行测试，结果如下：拉伸强度：79Mpa，弯曲强度：128Mpa，冲击强度：4.3KJ/m2，耐老化性：4级，耐高温性：无任何异常现象，耐湿热性：无任何异常现象，压延加工性：良好。
Claims (2)
1.一种添加电气石粉的汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，由下列重量份的原料制成：竹纤维30-35、三氧化二锑2-3、贝壳粉5-7、水性聚氨酯10-12、硅烷偶联剂kh5700.2-0.4、聚乙烯蜡1-2、聚乙烯醇10-13、聚乳酸100-105、二甲基乙酰胺60-68、二甲基亚砜30-35、电气石粉9-10、聚碳酸酯6-8、聚天冬氨酸5.3-6、硅藻土5.8-6.8、去离子水适量。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种添加电气石粉的汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，由下列具体步骤制备制成：
（1）将竹纤维在105°C下干燥2-3h后进行开松处理，将三氧化二锑和贝壳粉加到水性聚氨酯乳液中（固含量为20%-25%）搅拌均匀，将竹纤维浸渍到水性聚氨酯乳液中，在2-3Pa下加热至100°C恒温保持至水分蒸发，最后烘干后备用；
（2）将聚碳酸酯加热至熔融后和电气石粉混合搅拌均匀，然后将硅烷偶联剂kh570、聚乙烯蜡混合均匀，改性电气石粉置于高速混合机中搅拌，喷雾状喷入偶联剂与润滑剂混合液，喷完后继续搅拌10-15min备用；
（3）将聚乙烯醇、聚乳酸加到二甲基乙酰胺中，在35-40°C水浴中加热溶解，待溶液透明再加入二甲基亚砜、步骤（2）制备的产物和其他剩余物质混合加热蒸发除去溶剂，然后将混合物加到螺杆纺丝机中进行挤出纺丝后备用；
（4）将步骤（1）得到的改性竹纤维和步骤（3）得到的改性聚乳酸丝进行混纺并条，然后将干燥的混合纤维条加到螺杆挤出机中，控制挤出温度为155-170°C，挤出造粒即可。
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