CN105504523A - 一种发泡聚合物基稳定剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及塑料助剂领域，具体是提供一种替代挤出造粒制备液体稳定剂功能母粒及其制备方法，具体是一种以发泡聚合物为载体，将室温下或80℃下为液体的稳定剂包埋入发泡聚合物形成胶囊状的分散均匀的发泡聚合物基稳定剂的方法。制备方法是称取一定量的液体或胶状稳定剂，加入机械搅拌器，逐步加入发泡剂聚合物，在50-90rpm的转速下，搅拌均匀。与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：本发明所述制备发泡基液体稳定剂，工艺简单，控制点少，便于大规模生产；产品适用性强；生产过程中能耗少；扩展了液体稳定剂的应用范围，如PC基低碱性稳定剂可适用于PC等酸性基材。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种新型发泡聚合物基稳定剂的制备方法。
背景技术
随着人类生活质量以及生产技术水平的不断提高，高分子材料已广泛应用于人类社会发展的各个领域，但是高分子材料在加工、储存以及使用的过程中受到光、热、氧、空气等的共同作用会发生发黄、变脆、褪色等现象，这些现象统称为高分子材料的老化或者降解。
抑制或者减慢这种氧化作用的一种方法是对聚合物进行结构改性，但是到目前为止，最常用的办法还是添加适当的稳定剂。稳定剂是一类能够干预高分子材料光、热诱导降解物理化学过程的化合物，是最常用的一种高分子材料添加助剂。稳定剂的主要品种主要包括：紫外线吸收剂、受阻胺光稳定剂和抗氧剂。目前，稳定剂的物理形态主要以固体颗粒或者粉末为主，但仍有一小部分为液态，液态相对于固体颗粒或者粉末较适用于液体基材如涂料、粘合剂领域，但是液体稳定剂相比于同等效果的固体颗粒或者粉末在应用于塑料、橡胶、TPE以及聚氨酯等领域时在分散性方面不具有竞争优势，因此如何将液体光稳定剂方便的应用于塑料、橡胶等领域是人们一直在思考的问题，现在常用的解决方法为将液体稳定剂与基材预混制成功能母粒，以功能母粒的形式加入基材中。但是这种方法需要使用挤出机这种相对大型设备共混，操作起来工艺比较复杂，并且工业化耗能较大。
发明内容
本发明针对上述现有技术的不足旨在提供一种简易、快速制备液体稳定剂功能母粒的方法，相比于传统的功能母粒造粒方法，本方法具有简单、易行、耗能少等优点。
具体是一种在机械搅拌的作用下，将室温下或者80℃下为液体的稳定剂包埋入发泡聚合物制备发泡聚合物基光稳定剂的方法。具体步骤如下：
1.聚合物与成核剂参混均匀，加入双螺杆挤出机料筒，使用超临界二氧化碳做为发泡剂，通过调整双螺杆挤出机工艺参数制备发泡聚合物；
所述发泡聚合物为发泡PP、发泡PC以及发泡PS；
所述成核剂为无机成核剂，为滑石粉、碳酸钙、硅石、氧化铝中的至少一种。
2.将液体光稳定剂加入搅拌机中，搅拌过程中逐渐加入发泡聚合物至一定浓度。
优选的，所述方法适用于常温下为液体或者100℃以下为液体的光稳定剂或者抗氧剂等；
优选的，所述的优先加入光稳定剂，后期加入发泡聚合物；
优选的机械搅拌速度为40-90rpm；
优选的，所述发泡聚合物基光稳定剂根据发泡聚合物选择应用领域。
相对于现有产品，本发明具有如下优点和有益效果：
本发明所述制备发泡基液体稳定剂，工艺简单，控制点少，便于大规模生产；产品适用性强；生产过程中能耗少；扩展了液体稳定剂的应用范围，如PC基低碱性稳定剂可适用于酸性基材中，拓展了液体稳定剂的适用范围。
现在通过以下实施例来说明本发明，所述实施例不用来限制本发明的范围。结合以上概述和详述，所述实施例供进一步理解本发明。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明，但本发明要求保护的范围并不局限于实施例表达的范围之内。
实施例1
一种发泡PP基稳定剂，称取20g液体紫外线吸收剂加入机械搅拌器中，在室温下逐渐80g发泡PP，在50rpm的转速下搅拌30min，混合均匀，放置30min保证液体完全被发泡PP吸收，光稳定剂占发泡PP基质量分数为20wt.％。本发泡PP基紫外线自手机可应用于PP基体材料中如冰箱门衬垫、汽车保险杠、汽车仪表盘等PP应用领域，添加量约为0.75wt.％。
实施例2
一种发泡PS基受阻胺光稳定剂，称取60g液体光稳定剂加入机械搅拌器中，在室温下逐渐加入40g发泡PS，在90rpm的转速下搅拌30min，混合均匀，放置60min保证液体完全被发泡PS吸收，受阻胺光稳定剂占发泡PS基质量分数为60wt.％。本发泡PS基受阻胺光稳定剂可应用于PS基体材料以及ABS基体材料中如空调、汽车导油管、汽车仪表盘等领域，添加量约为0.25wt.％。
实施例3
一种发泡PC基抗氧剂，称取80g液体抗氧剂加入机械搅拌器中，在室温下逐渐加入20g发泡PC，在60rpm的转速下搅拌30min，混合均匀，放置30min保证液体完全被发泡PC吸收，光稳定剂占发泡PS基质量分数为80wt.％。本发泡PC基抗氧剂可应用于PC基体材料中如空调、汽车导油管、汽车仪表盘等领域，添加量约为0.18wt.％。以发泡PC为载体的适用于低碱性光稳定剂或抗氧剂，扩展了低碱性光稳定剂的应用领域。
本发明可用其他的不违背本发明的精神或主要特征的具体形式来概述。因此，无论从哪一点来看，本发明的上述实施方案都只能认为是对本发明的说明而不能限制本发明，权利要求书指出了本发明的范围，而上述的说明并未指出本发明的范围，因此，在与本发明的权利要求书相当的含义和范围内的任何改变，都应认为是包括在本发明的权利要求书的范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种发泡聚合物基稳定剂的制备方法，其特征在于由以下质量百分比的原料组成：
发泡聚合物80％-20％，
稳定剂20％-80％。
其制备方法如下：取液体或胶状稳定剂，加入发泡聚合物，在机械搅拌下，搅拌均匀。
2.根据权利要求1所述发泡聚合物基稳定剂的制备方法，其特征在于所述发泡聚合物的制备过程如下：
(1)将聚合物、成核剂按比例充分混匀；
(2)将混合物加入双螺杆挤出机料筒中，发泡剂在熔融段位置加入，开机经挤出、拉条、风冷、切粒、干燥工序后制得发泡聚合物；
(3)挤出机螺杆转速、挤出温度、熔体泵各段温度、口模温度可根据技术人员经验而定。
3.根据权利要求1所述发泡聚合物基稳定剂的制备方法，所述液体或胶状稳定剂为80℃下为液体的紫外线吸收剂、受阻胺光稳定剂、抗氧剂中的的至少一种；与发泡PP混合前可以先进行预热，确保混合均匀。
4.根据权利要求1所述发泡聚合物基稳定剂的制备方法，机械搅拌速率为40-90rpm。
5.根据权利要求2所述的发泡聚合物基稳定剂的制备方法，其特征在于所述聚合物为聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚碳酸酯中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求2所述的发泡聚合物基稳定剂的制备方法，所述成核剂为无机成核剂，为滑石粉、碳酸钙、硅石、氧化铝中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求2所述的发泡聚合物基稳定剂的制备方法所述发泡剂为超临界二氧化碳。
8.由权利要求1-7所述的制备方法制备而成发泡聚合物基稳定剂在建材领域、汽车内外饰领域、包装领域、电子电器领域以及医疗器械中的应用。
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| WO2000040644A2 (de) * | 1999-01-08 | 2000-07-13 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung beladbarer kunststoffschäume |
| CN104744823A (zh) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-07-01 | 合肥创新轻质材料有限公司 | 一种多孔聚合物载体材料及其制备方法 |
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| WO2000040644A2 (de) * | 1999-01-08 | 2000-07-13 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung beladbarer kunststoffschäume |
| CN104744823A (zh) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-07-01 | 合肥创新轻质材料有限公司 | 一种多孔聚合物载体材料及其制备方法 |
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