CN105498689B - 石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105498689B
CN105498689B CN201510900300.XA CN201510900300A CN105498689B CN 105498689 B CN105498689 B CN 105498689B CN 201510900300 A CN201510900300 A CN 201510900300A CN 105498689 B CN105498689 B CN 105498689B
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孟英
王艳阳
吴洪鹏
李志强
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料及其制备方法,技术方案是:将Zn粉、AgNO3水溶液和氧化石墨烯水溶液按固含量为1.2~6:0.06~3:1的质量比混合,室温下搅拌、超声、再搅拌,至其混合均匀;将得到的混合溶液置于反应釜中,在130~200℃的温度下水热反应1‑6 h;取出混合液并冷却后,经过滤、离心工艺进行固液分离,经干燥处理后,得到石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料的前驱物;将得到的前驱物经煅烧处理,制得石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料。本发明操作简单,过程容易控制,所制备的复合材料结构稳定,粒度均匀,抗菌活性好,在去除室内甲醛、抗霉、降解有机污染物等方面性能优越。

Description

石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料及其制备方法,属于复合材料领域。
背景技术
在材料科学领域中,复合材料在性能上取长补短,产生协同效应,在诸多领域如工业、生物医学领域等显示出极大的应用前景。研究发现,银纳米颗粒和氧化锌纳米颗粒都具有良好的抗菌活性,但制备银纳米颗粒价格昂贵,成本较高。纳米ZnO微粉具有优越的抗菌、消毒、除臭功能以及吸附性能,但ZnO作为半导体材料,导电性能较差,光生电子和空穴复合几率高,影响抗菌催化效果。石墨烯是单原子层厚度的二维碳原子晶体,其独特的纳米结构和电学性能备受瞩目,但石墨烯还具有一定的抗菌性能,有研究表明,氧化石墨烯和还原氧化石墨烯能在一定程度上抑制大肠埃希菌的生长,但抑菌效果尚不够理想。
现有技术公开的方法中,有关于银/石墨烯抗菌复合材料的制备方法(CN102125056A),该方法中未使用一些影响生物安全性的原料,如氢氧化钾或硼氢化钠等,复合材料具有良好的生物安全性以及较好的抗菌性能;也有关于ZnO 纳米粒子/ 氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法及应用(CN 104069807A),该方法中采用石墨烯修饰在ZnO纳米粒子表面的改性方法提高ZnO的吸附效率,复合材料作为染料吸附剂应用。
上述公开技术方案中,石墨烯复合技术主要集中在石墨烯复合单一材料,虽抗菌活性较好,或者ZnO的吸附效率提高,但性能单一,应用领域较窄。目前关于石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料的研究工作还很少见,利用石墨烯独特的纳米结构和抗菌性能,以石墨烯为载体,与纳米ZnO、Ag复合制备的复合材料,抗菌活性好,在去除室内甲醛、抗霉、降解有机污染物等方面性能优越。
发明内容
为克服现有技术中的不足,本发明提供一种石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料及其制备方法,按照本发明方法制备的复合材料结构稳定、粒度均匀、抗菌活性好,在去除室内甲醛、抗霉、降解有机污染物等方面性能优越。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料,其以石墨烯为载体,纳米ZnO/Ag复合物生长在石墨烯表面,或石墨烯对纳米ZnO/Ag复合物形成包裹结构。
上述石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料的制备方法,按如下步骤进行:
(1)将Zn粉、AgNO3水溶液、氧化石墨烯水溶液按固含量为1.2~6:0.06~3:1的质量比混合,室温下搅拌,搅拌时长大于30分钟,搅拌速度大于100转每分钟,然后超声处理30分钟以上,最后继续搅拌30分钟以上至其混合均匀;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的混合溶液置于反应釜中,在130~200℃的温度下水热反应1-6h;
(3)取出步骤(2)反应完成并冷却后的混合液,经过滤、离心工艺进行固液分离,分离后的固体经干燥处理后,得到石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料的前驱物;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的前驱物经煅烧处理,最终制得石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料。
采用上述技术方案的本发明,与现有技术相比,具有以下优势:
①复合材料结构稳定,粒度均匀,在抗菌、除室内甲醛、抗霉、降解有机污染物等方面性能优越;
②制备方法操作简单,过程容易控制,经济环保。
作为优选,本发明更进一步的技术方案是:
步骤(1)中,Zn粉为颗粒状,目数大于400目,锌含量大于90%;AgNO3水溶液浓度为0.01~1mol/L;氧化石墨烯水溶液质量浓度为0.05%~5%。
步骤(3)中,干燥处理工艺是加热干燥或真空冷冻干燥,加热干燥温度为40~200℃,干燥时间为1-72 h;真空冷冻干燥温度为-50℃~30℃,干燥时间为10~60 h,真空度1Pa~300Pa。
步骤(4)中,煅烧处理工艺是在氩氢混合气保护条件下,温度为350℃~1000℃,恒温时间为0.5-6 h。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步阐述,但实施例不对本发明构成任何限制。
实施例1:
一种石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料的制备方法,按如下步骤进行:
(1) Zn粉、0.05mol/L的AgNO3水溶液和0.5%的氧化石墨烯水溶液按固含量为1.2:0.06:1,取Zn粉3.32g、AgNO3水溶液20mL、氧化石墨烯水溶液554mL混合,室温下搅拌35min,搅拌速度150r/min,超声处理40min,最后继续搅拌30分钟以上至其混合均匀。
(2)将得到的混合溶液置于反应釜中,在130℃的温度下水热反应1 h。
(3)取出步骤(2)反应完成并冷却后的混合液,经过滤、离心工艺进行固液分离,分离后的固体经干燥处理,加热温度为60℃,干燥时间为24 h后,得到石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料的前驱物。
(4)将得到的前驱物经煅烧处理,煅烧工艺温度控制在350℃,恒温时间为3 h,最终制得石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料。
实施例2:
一种石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料的制备方法,按如下步骤进行:
(1) Zn粉、0.1mol/L的AgNO3水溶液和1%的氧化石墨烯水溶液按固含量为2.95:0.62:1,取Zn粉8.17g、AgNO3水溶液100mL、氧化石墨烯水溶液277mL混合,室温下搅拌40min,搅拌速度200r/min,超声处理40min,最后继续搅拌30分钟以上至其混合均匀。
(2)将得到的混合溶液置于反应釜中,在150℃的温度下水热反应3 h。
(3)取出步骤(2)反应完成并冷却后的混合液,经过滤、离心工艺进行固液分离,分离后的固体经干燥处理,加热温度为100℃,干燥时间为16 h后,得到石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料的前驱物。
(4)将得到的前驱物经煅烧处理,煅烧工艺温度控制在550℃,恒温时间为2 h,最终制得石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料。
实施例3:
一种石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料的制备方法,按如下步骤进行:
(1) Zn粉、0.5mol/L的AgNO3水溶液和1%的氧化石墨烯水溶液按固含量为4.6:1:1,取Zn粉12.74g、AgNO3水溶液163mL、氧化石墨烯水溶液277mL混合,室温下搅拌50min,搅拌速度200r/min,超声处理50min,最后继续搅拌30分钟以上至其混合均匀。
(2)将得到的混合溶液置于反应釜中,在180℃的温度下水热反应4 h。
(3)取出步骤(2)反应完成并冷却后的混合液,经过滤、离心工艺进行固液分离,分离后的固体经真空冷冻干燥处理,温度为-50℃~30℃,干燥时间为10-60h,真空度1Pa~300Pa,得到石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料的前驱物。
(4)将得到的前驱物经煅烧处理,煅烧工艺温度控制在1000℃,恒温时间为0.5 h,最终制得石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料。
实施例4:
一种石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料的制备方法,按如下步骤进行:
(1) Zn粉、0.1mol/L的AgNO3水溶液和3%的氧化石墨烯水溶液按固含量为5:2:1,取Zn粉13.85g、AgNO3水溶液326mL、氧化石墨烯水溶液92.33mL混合,室温下搅拌45min,搅拌速度200r/min,超声处理40min,最后继续搅拌30分钟以上至其混合均匀。
(2)将得到的混合溶液置于反应釜中,在150℃的温度下水热反应3 h。
(3)取出步骤(2)反应完成并冷却后的混合液,经过滤、离心工艺进行固液分离,分离后的固体经干燥处理,加热温度为120℃,干燥时间为28 h后,得到石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料的前驱物。
(4)将得到的前驱物经煅烧处理,煅烧工艺温度控制在600℃,恒温时间为1.5 h,最终制得石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料。
以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式,并非因此局限本发明的权利范围,凡运用本发明说明书内容所作的等效变化,均包含于本发明的权利范围之内。

Claims (1)

1.一种石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料的制备方法,所述的复合材料以石墨烯为载体,其特征在于,所述的制备方法包括下述步骤:
(1)将Zn粉、AgNO3水溶液、氧化石墨烯水溶液按固含量为1.2~6:0.06~3:1的质量比混合,室温下搅拌,搅拌时长大于30分钟,搅拌速度大于100转每分钟,然后超声处理30分钟以上,最后继续搅拌30分钟以上至其混合均匀;Zn粉为颗粒状,目数大于400目,锌含量大于90%;AgNO3水溶液浓度为0.01~1mol/L;氧化石墨烯水溶液质量浓度为0.05%~5%;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的混合溶液置于反应釜中,在130~200℃的温度下水热反应1-6 h;
(3)取出步骤(2)反应完成并冷却后的混合液,经过滤、离心工艺进行固液分离,分离后的固体经干燥处理后,得到石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料的前驱物;干燥处理工艺是加热干燥或真空冷冻干燥,加热干燥温度为40~200℃,干燥时间为1-72 h;真空冷冻干燥温度为-50℃~30℃,干燥时间为10~60 h,真空度1Pa~300Pa;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的前驱物经煅烧处理,煅烧处理工艺是在氩氢混合气保护条件下,温度为350℃~1000℃,恒温时间为0.5-6 h;最终制得石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料,石墨烯对纳米ZnO/Ag复合物形成包裹结构。
CN201510900300.XA 2015-12-09 2015-12-09 石墨烯负载纳米ZnO/Ag复合材料及其制备方法 Expired - Fee Related CN105498689B (zh)

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