CN105490295B - 一种桥臂换流模块化多电平换流器电容电压控制方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种桥臂换流模块化多电平换流器电容电压控制方法,通过改变换流器触发控制环节中换流变压器连接换流电抗器处的相电压正向过零点的换流角α,切换相应相的上下桥臂的导通,维持桥臂子模块电容电压平衡,解决了桥臂子模块电容电压稳定性的问题,而且,换流角α控制满足桥臂交替导通多电平换流器阀组运行时的功率电压特性和阀组桥臂子模块耐压要求,并通过增加前馈与反馈环节,提高桥臂子模块电容电压调节的快速性,又解决了桥臂子模块电容电压稳定性的问题,操作过程简单可靠,易于实现,具有良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及直流输电技术系统,具体涉及一种桥臂换流模块化多电平换流器的电容电压控制方法。
背景技术
柔性直流输电采用电压源换流器,可以独立调节有功和无功的传输、提高交流系统的输电能力,易于构成多端直流输电系统,在可再生能源的发电并网、孤岛城市供电以及交流系统互联等应用领域,具有明显的竞争力。
目前,柔性直流输电电压源换流器拓扑多采用模块化多电平(modular multi‐level converter)技术,该技术采用全桥子模块或者半桥子模块构成MMC换流器,但是其的缺点就是成本高、损耗大;桥臂交替导通多电平换流器(Alternate‐Arm MultilevelConverter),简称AAMC是电压源换流器的另外一种选择,与MMC换流器相比,AAMC上、下桥臂轮流导通,每个桥臂只导通半个周期,以此产生输出交流电压和直流电压,但是其的缺点就是电压和电流波形不对称,因此,无法实现桥臂子模块电容的自然充放电。
现有技术中还存在上、下桥臂短暂重叠导通创造直通电流方法和注入三次谐波电流方法来控制电容的充放电,以此实现电容电压的平衡控制。以上方法存在重叠导通法控制不稳定问题,同时缺乏针对阀组运行参数和运行特性进行定量化分析,没有提出针对换流器稳定运 行工况和模块耐受电压要求的电容电压平衡控制方法。我们知道,电容电压平衡控制是多电平换流器一个基本控制要求,是保证交直流侧稳定交换功率和模块正常运行的基本要求,桥臂交替导通多电平换流器的电容电压平衡控制策略要求在对换流器稳定运行工况和模块耐受电压要求基础上,设计出正确的电容电压平衡控制方法,是当前急需解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术中没有针对换流器稳定运行工况和模块耐受电压要求的电容电压平衡控制方法的问题。本发明的桥臂换流模块化多电平换流器电容电压控制方法,通过改变换流器触发控制环节中换流变压器连接换流电抗器处的相电压正向过零点的换流角α,切换相应相的上下桥臂的导通,维持桥臂子模块电容电压平衡,解决了桥臂子模块电容电压稳定性的问题,具有良好的应用前景。
为了达到上述的目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种桥臂换流模块化多电平换流器的电容电压控制方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤,
步骤(1),根据公式(1),计算得到前馈环节输出的前馈换流角α1,
其中,U′S为换流器系统侧电压相对的标幺值,U′DC 为直流电压相对换流器额定直流电压UDCN的标幺值,φ为换流器系统侧功率因素角,USN为换流器系统侧的额定电压;
步骤(2),根据公式(2),计算得到反馈环节输出的反馈换流角α2,
其中,sign为符号函数,PI为比例积分函数,U2 C为桥臂子模块电容电压的平方,U2 N为桥臂子模块电容额定电压的平方;
步骤(3),根据公式(1)可知前馈换流角α1有两个值选择,当φ小于0时,当φ大于0时, 前馈换流角α1的选择依据换流时阀侧相电压绝对值大小确定,优先选择换流时电压阀侧相电压较小的前馈换流角α1;
步骤(4),根据公式(2)中的符号函数sign可知,反馈换流角α2有两个值选择,当φ小于0时,sign(-φ)=1.0,当φ大于0时,sign(-φ)=-1.0,
步骤(5),将步骤(3)选择的前馈换流角α1和步骤(4)选择的反馈换流角α2相加,得到换流变压器与换流电抗器之间连接点处的相电压过零点的换流角α;
步骤(6),根据换流角α,切换换流器相应相的上、下桥臂的导通,维持换流器桥臂子模块电容电压平衡。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明的桥臂换流模块化多电平换流器电 容电压控制方法,通过改变换流器触发控制环节中换流变压器连接换流电抗器处的相电压正向过零点的换流角α,切换相应相的上下桥臂的导通,维持桥臂子模块电容电压平衡,解决了桥臂子模块电容电压稳定性的问题,具有良好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1是本发明的桥臂换流模块化多电平换流器的拓扑结构。
图2是本发明的桥臂换流模块化多电平换流器电容电压控制方法的系统框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合说明书附图,对本发明作进一步的说明。
本发明的桥臂换流模块化多电平换流器电容电压控制方法,该方法用于如图1所示拓扑结构的上、下桥臂触发导通控制,通过改变换流器触发控制环节中换流变压器连接换流电抗器处的相电压正向过零点的换流角α,切换相应相的上、下桥臂的导通,达到维持桥臂子模块电容电压平衡的控制效果,控制满足桥臂交替导通多电平换流器阀组运行时的功率电压特性和阀组桥臂子模块耐压要求,并通过增加前馈与反馈环节,提高了桥臂子模块电容电压调节的快速性,解决了桥臂子模块电容电压稳定性的问题。本发明的桥臂换流模块化多电平换流器电容电压控制方法的系统框图,如图2所示,具体包括以下步骤,
步骤(1),根据公式(1),计算得到前馈环节输出的前馈换流角α1,
其中,U′S为换流器系统侧电压相对的标幺值,U′DC为直流电压相对换流器额定直流电压UDCN的标幺值,φ为换流器系统侧功率因素角,USN为换流器系统侧的额定电压;
步骤(2),根据公式(2),计算得到反馈环节输出的反馈换流角α2,
其中,sign为符号函数,PI为比例积分函数,U2 C为桥臂子模块电容电压的平方,U2 N为桥臂子模块电容额定电压的平方;
步骤(3),根据公式(1)可知前馈换流角α1有两个值选择,当φ小于0时,当φ大于0时, 前馈换流角α1的选择依据换流时阀侧相电压(换流电抗器与桥臂连接处的相电压)绝对值大小确定,优先选择换流时电压阀侧相电压较小的前馈换流角α1;
步骤(4),根据公式(2)中的符号函数sign可知,反馈换流角α2有两个值选择,当φ小于0时,sign(-φ)=1.0,当φ大于0时,sign(-φ)=-1.0,
步骤(5),将步骤(3)选择的前馈换流角α1和步骤(4)选择的反馈换流角α2相加,得到换流变压器与换流电抗器之间连接点处的相电压过零点的换流角α;
步骤(6),根据换流角α,切换换流器相应相的上、下桥臂的导通,维持换流器桥臂子模块电容电压平衡。
综上所述,本发明的桥臂换流模块化多电平换流器电容电压控制方法,通过对桥臂交替导通多电平换流器电容充放电过程分析基础上,提出在特定换流角α方式下通过切换上、下桥臂的导通来保持桥臂电容电压的平衡,能够实现桥臂子模块电容电压稳定控制,操作过程简单可靠,易于实现,具有良好的应用前景。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征及优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (1)
1.一种桥臂换流模块化多电平换流器的电容电压控制方法,其特征在于:
步骤(1),根据公式(1),计算得到前馈环节输出的前馈换流角α1,
其中,U′S为换流器系统侧电压相对的标幺值,U′DC为直流电压相对换流器额定直流电压UDCN的标幺值,φ为换流器系统侧功率因数角,USN为换流器系统侧的额定电压;
步骤(2),根据公式(2),计算得到反馈环节输出的反馈换流角α2,
其中,sign为符号函数,PI为比例积分函数,U2 c为桥臂子模块电容电压的平方,U2 N为桥臂子模块电容额定电压的平方;
步骤(3),根据公式(1)可知前馈换流角α1有两个值选择,当φ小于0时,当φ大于0时,
步骤(4),根据公式(2)中的符号函数sign可知,反馈换流角α2有两个值选择,当φ小于0时,sign(-φ)=1.0,当φ大于0时,sign(-φ)=-1.0,
步骤(5),将步骤(3)选择的前馈换流角α1和步骤(4)选择的反馈换流角α2 相加,得到换流变压器与换流电抗器之间连接点处的相电压过零点的换流角α;
步骤(6),根据换流角α,切换换流器相应相的上、下桥臂的导通,维持换流器桥臂子模块电容电压平衡。
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