CN1054801A - High-strength low-alloy white cast-iron grinding ball and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength low-alloy white cast-iron grinding ball and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1054801A CN1054801A CN 91102142 CN91102142A CN1054801A CN 1054801 A CN1054801 A CN 1054801A CN 91102142 CN91102142 CN 91102142 CN 91102142 A CN91102142 A CN 91102142A CN 1054801 A CN1054801 A CN 1054801A
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Abstract
A kind of high-strength low-alloy white cast-iron grinding ball that is used for the grinding ore materials, its chemical composition be (weight %): C1.8-4.1, Si0.2-2.0, Mn0.3-2.5, C0.5-10, Mo0.1-1.5%, Cu0.1-1.2, W0.1-1.0, V0-1.0, Ti0-1.2 all the other be Fe.Abrading-ball of the present invention utilizes cupola furnace just can produce, adopt permanent mold casting, abrading-ball intensity height, good toughness, high abrasion resistance, the not broken circle that do not lose in the use, dry grinding ball consumption rate＜100 gram/ton cement, wet-milling ball consumption rate 500-900 gram/ton ores are applicable to all kinds of ball mills of industry such as technics of metallurgy mineral dressing, building materials, electric power, chemical industry, are the desirable grinding elemenies that substitutes forged steel ball and middle manganese ball at present.
Description
The invention belongs to all kinds of ball mill grinding materials abrading-ball and manufacture method, particularly ferrous alloy white cast-iron grinding ball and manufacture method thereof.
At present, being used for the employed grinding elemenies of all kinds of ball mill grinding of industry ore materials such as technics of metallurgy mineral dressing, building materials, electric power, chemical industry generally is common forged steel abrading-ball and manganese abrading-ball, because the backwardness of its material and manufacturing process, cause abrading-ball to wear no resistance, early deformation percentage of damage height, thereby can not satisfy industrial requirement far away.Disclosing a kind of patent No. in the Chinese patent communique is CN881076538, and name is called making low-carbon low-chromium alloy white cast iron balls, and its material is because of being the making low-carbon low-chromium alloy steel, so wear resistance is relatively poor; The performance of abrading-ball and its casting technique advanced closely related do not illustrate its casting technique in the document.What relate in US-3367770, SU-448248, clear 60-200950A and China Machine Press's 19844 cast iron handbooks (the 330th page) document all is a kind of alloy materials that contain chromium, nickel etc., be not used for making abrading-ball, and these materials also are unsuitable for making grinding element.
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of chemical constitution composition of high-strength alloy white cast-iron grinding ball.
Two of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of manufacture method of high-strength alloy white cast-iron grinding ball.
Purpose of the present invention can realize by following measure:
The chemical composition of abrading-ball of the present invention is (weight %)
C 1.8-4.1 Si 0.2-2.0
Mn 0.3-2.5 Cr 0.5-10
Mo 0.1-1.5 Cu 0.1-1.2
W 0.1-1.0 V 0-1.0
Ti 0-1.2
All the other are Fe and inevitable trace impurity.
Abrading-ball of the present invention can be produced with cupola furnace, and its manufacturing technology steps is:
1. with the pig iron, steel scrap, ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrotungsten, the fusing of ferrosilicon Hybrid Heating;
Add reductor aluminium, the cast of then coming out of the stove when 2. temperature rises to 1500-1550 ℃;
3. use permanent mold casting, teeming temperature is 1380-1420 ℃;
4. pour into a mould after 5-10 minute and unpack, the demoulding of casting ball, spruing, cleaning undesirable root, burr;
5. abrading-ball carries out the low temperature aging processing under 200-260 ℃ of temperature, is incubated 2-4 hour, air cooling then.
The performance of alloy material and the choose reasonable of its chemical composition have direct relation.Selection of chemical composition of the present invention is design like this:
Carbon: carbon and alloying element chromium and iron form carbide (FeCr)
3C, the carbon content height, carbide quantity height in the tissue, the hardness height of matrix, and mill property is good.If content surpasses 4.1%, make material become hard and crisp, its intensity and toughness are reduced.In order to guarantee that abrading-ball has higher intensity and impelling strength, and contain the carbide of some amount, to improve wear resistance, the content of carbon is controlled at 1.8-4.1% and is advisable.
Silicon: silicon is the element that reduces hardening capacity, and has certain desoxydatoin.The silicon content height helps the formation of troostitic structures, and hardness and wear resistance also can increase, but is unfavorable for thinning microstructure when the silicon amount is too high, and toughness also obviously descends, so the silicon amount is controlled at 0.2-2.0% and is advisable.
Manganese: manganese is the element that improves hardening capacity, helps the refine pearlite tissue, and the formation of carbide is also worked.The too high levels of manganese makes and occurs manganese austenite in the tissue, and manganese austenite abrading-ball in use drawing hardening effect is relatively poor, and far less than the chromium austenite abrading-ball, so manganese is controlled at 0.3-2.5% and is advisable.
Chromium: chromium is carbide forming element, and the type of decision carbide, simultaneously in order to change the crystallization property of material, make alloy liquid fully by the crystallization of Jie's stable system, must add sufficiently high chromium amount, strengthening the abrading-ball matrix and to form alloy carbide, and then improve intensity and wear resistance, so the chromium amount is controlled at 0.5-10% and is advisable.
Molybdenum and copper: because of the chromium major part enters carbide, make the content of the chromium in the matrix lower, be unfavorable for obtaining superfine weave construction, thereby add a certain amount of molybdenum and copper fuses into matrix, to improve the hardening capacity of material, the add-on molybdenum is that 0.1-1.5%, copper are that 0.1-1.2% is advisable.
Tungsten, vanadium and titanium: vanadium, titanium are to bring into naturally in the pig iron, and insufficient section must add an amount of, belongs to trace alloying element.Tungsten, vanadium and titanium are the strong carbide elements, and their combined action can make high temperature austenite change to thinner weave construction, to improve the inlay ability of matrix to carbide, improve wear resistance.Because tungsten is arranged, it is also passable not add vanadium and titanium, and therefore selecting tungsten is that 0.1-1.0%, vanadium are that 0-1.0%, titanium are that 0-1.2% is advisable.
Inevitably trace impurity is to bring in the raw material, and p and s is wherein arranged, and all is harmful elements, and its content is low more good more.For the hardness and the wear resistance that guarantee abrading-ball, we are controlled at the content of p and s below 0.15%.
Description of drawings is as follows:
Fig. 1 is the hardness (HRC) and the distribution plan thereof of φ 40 abrading-balls of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the hardness (HRC) and the distribution plan thereof of φ 60 abrading-balls of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the hardness (HRC) and the distribution plan thereof of φ 80 abrading-balls of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the hardness (HRC) and the distribution plan thereof of φ 100 abrading-balls of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is φ 100 abrading-ball metallographic structures of the present invention (optical microscope photograph amplifies 620 times).
Fig. 6 is φ 100 abrading-ball metallographic structures of the present invention (the perspective electromicroscopic photograph amplifies 5000 times).
The as-cast metallographic structure of abrading-ball of the present invention is troostite ten eutectic carbidess as can be seen from the picture.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
1, batching: the consumption of various materials (weight %)
Vanadium titanium iron 12 steel scraps 80
High carbon ferro-chrome 5 ferromanganese 1.5
Molybdenum-iron 0.5 ferrosilicon 0.5
Ferrotungsten 0.5 bronze medal 0.3
Reductor aluminium accounts for 0.1% of weight of molten iron.
2, melting: use cupola furnace production, batch of material is 100 kilograms, reinforced 40 batches.
1. 12 kilograms vanadium, the titanium pig iron, 80 kilograms steel scrap, 5 kilograms ferrochrome, 0.5 kilogram molybdenum-iron, 0.5 kilogram ferrotungsten, 1.5 kilograms ferromanganese, 0.5 kilogram ferrosilicon are mixed into a batch of material, heat fused in the stove of packing into;
2. when temperature rise to 1520 ℃ go out molten iron after, add 0.3 kilogram copper and 0.1 kilogram aluminium and make reductor, the cast of coming out of the stove then;
3. use permanent mold casting, teeming temperature is 1400 ℃;
4. pour into a mould shake out after 6 minutes, the abrading-ball demoulding that casts out, spruing, cleaning undesirable root, burr;
5. abrading-ball is put into aging oven, and constant temperature is 3 hours in the time of 230 ℃, takes out the abrading-ball air cooling, promptly makes 2000 kilograms of abrading-balls.
Carry out chemical analysis, its composition following (weight %) from abrading-ball sampling:
C 2.1% Si 0.5% Mn 0.6%
Cr2.5% Mo 0.2% W 0.2%
V 0.3% Ti 0.3% Cu 0.3%
P 0.03% S 0.05%
All the other are Fe.
Get the abrading-ball sample and cut the thick built-in testing of 20mm, hardness value (HRC) and distribution thereof are as shown in figures 1 and 3.
The bending strength of getting abrading-ball sample testing material is the 350-500 Newton/millimeter
2
Embodiment 2:
1, batching: various material consumptions (weight %)
The low trade mark pig iron 13.5 steel scraps 65
High carbon ferro-chrome 10 ferromanganese 2.5
Molybdenum-iron 2.5 ferrosilicon 1.5
Ferrotungsten 1.5 vanadium iron 1.5
Ferrotianium 1.0 bronze medals 1.0
Reductor aluminium accounts for 0.1% of weight of molten iron.
2, melting: with 0.5 ton middle frequency furnace
1. 67.5 kilograms the pig iron, 325 kilograms steel scrap, 50 kilograms ferrochrome, 12.5 kilograms molybdenum-iron, 12.5 kilograms ferromanganese, 7.5 kilograms ferrosilicon, 7.5 kilograms ferrotungsten, 7.5 kilograms of vanadium iron, 5 kilograms ferrotianium, 5 kilograms copper are mixed in the stove of packing into and melt;
2. the aluminium that adds 0.5 kilogram when temperature rises to 1550 ℃ is made reductor, goes out molten iron at once, the cast of coming out of the stove then;
3. use permanent mold casting, teeming temperature is 1380 ℃;
4. pour into a mould shake out after 8 minutes, the demoulding of casting ball, spruing grinds off cast gate undesirable root, burr;
5. abrading-ball is put into aging oven, and constant temperature is 4 hours in the time of 250 ℃, takes out the abrading-ball air cooling, makes 250 kilograms of abrading-balls.Carry out chemical analysis, its composition following (weight %) from abrading-ball sampling:
C 3.6% Si 1.29% Mn 1.0%
Cr 5% Mo 1.1% Cu 0.8%
W 0.6% V 0.8% Ti 0.5%
P 0.08% S 0.07%
All the other are Fe.
On the abrading-ball entity, cut 20mm thin slice tested for hardness (HRC) and distribution thereof as Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 4.
The bending strength of getting abrading-ball sample testing material is the 342-409 Newton/millimeter
2
Get abrading-ball of the present invention install test-results such as following table:
Abrading-ball of the present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
Abrading-ball of the present invention is applicable to all kinds of ball mill grinding of the industry ore materials such as technics of metallurgy mineral dressing, building materials, electric power, chemical industry, and the two kinds of working conditions of doing, wet can both be suitable for; Intensity height, good toughness, high abrasion resistance; Not broken in the use procedure, do not lose circle, serviceability obviously is better than forged steel ball and middle manganese ball; Adopt furnace cupola to produce, thereby production cost is low, remarkable benefit.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of high-strength low-alloy white cast-iron grinding ball that is used for all kinds of ball mill grinding ore materials, it is characterized in that: the chemical composition of abrading-ball is (weight %):
C1.8-4.1 Si0.2-2.0
Mn0.3-2.5 Cr0.5-10
Mo0.1-1.5 Cu0.1-1.2
W0.1-1.0
All the other are Fe and inevitable trace impurity.
2, according to the said abrading-ball of claim 1, it is characterized in that: can also add VO-1.0 and Ti0-1.2(weight % in the chemical composition of abrading-ball again).
3, as the manufacture method of claim 1 or 2 said abrading-balls, it is characterized in that: can produce with cupola furnace, its processing step is:
1. with the pig iron, steel scrap, ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrotungsten, ferrosilicon, Hybrid Heating fusing;
Add reductor aluminium, the cast of then coming out of the stove when 2. temperature rises to 1500-1550 ℃;
3. use permanent mold casting, teeming temperature is 1380-1420 ℃;
4. pour into a mould after 5-10 minute and unpack, the cast rising head is destroyed in the demoulding of casting ball, cleaning undesirable root, burr;
5. abrading-ball carries out the low temperature aging processing under 200-260 ℃ of temperature, is incubated 2-4 hour, air cooling then.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91102142 CN1020760C (en) | 1991-04-01 | 1991-04-01 | High-strength low-alloy white cast-iron grinding ball and its manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91102142 CN1020760C (en) | 1991-04-01 | 1991-04-01 | High-strength low-alloy white cast-iron grinding ball and its manufacturing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1054801A true CN1054801A (en) | 1991-09-25 |
| CN1020760C CN1020760C (en) | 1993-05-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91102142 Expired - Fee Related CN1020760C (en) | 1991-04-01 | 1991-04-01 | High-strength low-alloy white cast-iron grinding ball and its manufacturing method |
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| CN (1) | CN1020760C (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1035520C (en) * | 1993-10-14 | 1997-07-30 | 彭伯勋 | Low alloy white cast iron foundery grinding ball for nodular iron ore powder |
| CN1053398C (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 2000-06-14 | 北京科技大学 | Process for rolling white iron blades of ball thrower |
| CN101638756B (en) * | 2008-08-21 | 2011-04-06 | 安徽省凤形耐磨材料股份有限公司 | Production process method of high-carbon multi-element alloy casting grinding ball |
| CN102864267A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2013-01-09 | 安徽省宁国诚信耐磨材料有限公司 | Method for manufacturing high-carbon and high-chromium and high-manganese alloy cast ball |
| CN103014480A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-04-03 | 马鞍山市恒达耐磨材料有限责任公司 | Multielement microalloy low chromium white iron grinding ball and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103589962A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-02-19 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Composite wear-resistant material obtained by casting method and preparation method of composite wear-resistant material |
| CN103898395A (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-07-02 | 安庆市灵宝机械有限责任公司 | Titanium-containing high-chromium cast ion type wear-resistant alloy |
| WO2015032229A1 (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2015-03-12 | 无锡双友石化机械有限公司 | Expanding cone and manufacturing process therefor |
| CN104888904A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-09 | 江西理工大学 | Grinding medium adopting shape of dual-spherical hexagonal prism |
| CN105755363A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-07-13 | 广东省材料与加工研究所 | Tungsten-titanium-chromium cast iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN107287497A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-10-24 | 马鞍山市万鑫铸造有限公司 | High-pearlite high-tenacity nodular cast iron and its process of surface treatment |
-
1991
- 1991-04-01 CN CN 91102142 patent/CN1020760C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1035520C (en) * | 1993-10-14 | 1997-07-30 | 彭伯勋 | Low alloy white cast iron foundery grinding ball for nodular iron ore powder |
| CN1053398C (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 2000-06-14 | 北京科技大学 | Process for rolling white iron blades of ball thrower |
| CN101638756B (en) * | 2008-08-21 | 2011-04-06 | 安徽省凤形耐磨材料股份有限公司 | Production process method of high-carbon multi-element alloy casting grinding ball |
| CN102864267A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2013-01-09 | 安徽省宁国诚信耐磨材料有限公司 | Method for manufacturing high-carbon and high-chromium and high-manganese alloy cast ball |
| CN103014480A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-04-03 | 马鞍山市恒达耐磨材料有限责任公司 | Multielement microalloy low chromium white iron grinding ball and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2015032229A1 (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2015-03-12 | 无锡双友石化机械有限公司 | Expanding cone and manufacturing process therefor |
| CN103589962A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-02-19 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Composite wear-resistant material obtained by casting method and preparation method of composite wear-resistant material |
| CN103898395A (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-07-02 | 安庆市灵宝机械有限责任公司 | Titanium-containing high-chromium cast ion type wear-resistant alloy |
| CN104888904A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-09 | 江西理工大学 | Grinding medium adopting shape of dual-spherical hexagonal prism |
| CN105755363A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-07-13 | 广东省材料与加工研究所 | Tungsten-titanium-chromium cast iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN107287497A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-10-24 | 马鞍山市万鑫铸造有限公司 | High-pearlite high-tenacity nodular cast iron and its process of surface treatment |
| CN107287497B (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2019-01-29 | 马鞍山市万鑫铸造有限公司 | High-pearlite high-tenacity nodular cast iron |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1020760C (en) | 1993-05-19 |
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