CN103014478B - Short-process semi-solid cast wear-resistant ball and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Short-process semi-solid cast wear-resistant ball and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a short-process semi-solid bainite ductile cast iron grinding ball and a preparation method thereof. The short-process semi-solid bainite ductile cast iron grinding ball is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 3.3 percent to 3.7 percent of C, 2.2 percent to 2.6 percent of Si, 0.4 percent to 0.7 percent of Mn, 0.03 percent to 0.045 percent of RE, 0.004 percent to 0.055 percent of Mg, 0.015 percent to 0.018 percent of B, 0.5 percent to 0.7 percent of Cu, more than or equal to 0.1 percent of P, more than or equal to 0.04 percent of S, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The preparation method of the short-process semi-solid bainite ductile cast iron grinding ball comprises the following steps: carrying out vacuum melting; carrying out primary inoculation by utilizing an inoculator and a nodulizer; pouring molten iron into a metal mold; simultaneously carrying out secondary inoculation; preparing semi-solid slurry in the metal mold by adopting an electromagnetic stirring technology; then cooling and opening the mold; and placing a casting in molten mixed bases to carry out isothermal quenching. According to the invention, the preparation process flow is short; energy consumption is low; the product has stable performance and uniform hardness; the integral volume hardness of the short-process semi-solid bainite ductile cast iron grinding ball reaches HRC58; the surface hardness of the short-process semi-solid bainite ductile cast iron grinding ball reaches HRC60 to 61; the center hardness of the short-process semi-solid bainite ductile cast iron grinding ball reaches HRC54 to 57; the internal and external hardness difference of the grinding ball with specification of 110mm is less than HRC6; impact energy alpha k is more than 15J/cm<2>; and falling ball tests show that falling ball impact fatigue life of the short-process semi-solid bainite ductile cast iron grinding ball exceeds 10,000 times.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallic substance and preparing technical field thereof, relate in particular to a kind of short flow process semi-solid casting wear-resistant ball and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Metal grinding ball is the comparatively simple spherical product of a kind of shape, is the indispensable integral parts of industrial sector such as mine, building materials, coal, chemical industry.So abrasion-proof steel ball is as easily-consumed products, its market annual requirement is very big.The demand of annual international abrading-ball is more than 5,000,000 tons, and the demand of Chinese abrading-ball is more than 1,000,000 tons, and particularly extensive mine is more outstanding by abrading-ball demand.
According to the requirement of every profession and trade distinct device, different working conditions, material and the production technique of manufacturing abrading-ball are varied, as forged steel ball, spheroidal graphite cast iron, Chrome metal powder cast grinding ball etc.
Forging abrading-ball technological process is that melting molten steel, cast steel ingot, milling round steel, round steel stripping and slicing, heating forging rolling or rolling steel ball, steel ball hot processing, inspection, finished product warehouse-in, complex technical process, second-heating are forged rolling, energy dissipation is large, and labor strength is high.
Foundry Production abrading-ball technological process is melt iron or molten steel, make grinding ball casting mould, pour into a mould abrading-ball, open casting mold, cleaning cast ball, thermal treatment cast ball, check cast ball, finished product warehouse-in.Although this technological process has reduced rolling stock and second-heating, has forged energy consumption and workman's labor capacity of process.But because Foundry Production abrading-ball defect is many.Crystallization coarse grains, the defects such as loose shrinkage cavity slag inclusion are difficult to eliminate.At present, more than the hardness of cast grinding ball (comprising basic, normal, high chromium cast ball) can reach 60HRC, but its impelling strength can only be at 5J/cm
2above.Along with current ball mill enlarged diameter to 13 meter left and right, abrading-ball in use mainly be take and is left as main, so cause abrading-ball that impelling strength is not high, in use percentage of damage is higher.So, along with ball mill equipment maximizes, in the time of to abrading-ball wear resistance high request, the requirement of impelling strength matter will be more and more higher.So large-size ball mill is in the urgent need to being equipped with a kind of wear-resistant ball that matches with it, there is certain thickness high rigidity layer on the top layer of this abrading-ball, and inside has very high impelling strength, and such performance is used traditional castmethod to be difficult to make.Therefore, need to use a kind of novel preparation method.
Semi-solid state forming technique, since the seventies in last century, aspect theoretical and industrial application, development is very rapid.Semi-solid-state metal between liquid, solid-state, both can be in the process of press working, and the complex-shaped product of situation compacted under that pressure is less, also can reduce the common deficiency that casting processing causes, and makes the performance of product reach a higher level; Also retained simultaneously press working and casting processing the two have energy-conservation, closely only embark on journey, the advantage such as environmental protection, meet the requirement of the advanced manufacturing technology of new millennium.At present, semi-solid-state shaping technique has obtained sufficient embodiment in the advantage aspect cavity filling energy and parts quality, it has realized industrialization in developed countries such as America and Europes, is now widely used in improving the mechanical property of the light metals such as magnalium, not yet finds so far to apply on spheroidal graphite cast iron.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly that production technique for current forging, conventional cast abrading-ball exists defect, provide a kind of limit portion to there is high rigidity, high-wearing feature, overall volume hardness reaches HRC58, surface hardness reaches HRC60 ~ 61, centre hardness is HRC54 ~ 57, and the inside and outside difference of hardness of abrading-ball of 110mm is less than HRC6; Abrading-ball heart portion has high tenacity, and toughness can reach 15J/cm
2above, can effectively reduce the short flow process semi-solid state bainite ductile iron of percentage of damage.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of short flow process semi-solid state bainite ductile iron manufacture method.
The object of the invention is to realize in the following manner:
Short flow process semi-solid casting wear-resistant ball of the present invention, is characterized in that its chemical composition mass percent is: C 3.3%～3.7%, Si 2.2%～2.6%, Mn 0.4%～0.7%, RE 0.03%～0.045%, Mg 0.004%～0.055%, B 0.015%～0.018%, Cu 0.5% ~ 0.7%, P≤0.1%, S≤0.04%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
A kind of method of preparing short flow process semi-solid casting wear-resistant ball, it is characterized in that comprising vacuum melting, utilize nucleating agent and nodulizing agent once to breed, molten iron is poured into metallic mould, carry out late inoculation simultaneously, adopt electromagnetic agitating technology in metallic mould, to make semi solid slurry, then cooling, die sinking, and foundry goods is placed on and in melting mixing alkali, carries out isothermal quenching.Concrete operation step is as follows: the first step, preparation of raw material and Smelting of iron
Press the chemical composition preparation raw material of following mass percent: C 3.3%～3.7%, Si 2.2%～2.6%, Mn0.4%～0.7%, B 0.015%～0.018%, Cu 0.5% ~ 0.7%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, the raw material preparing is put into medium-frequency induction furnace and carry out vacuum melting, make it be warming up to whole feed composition fusings, and being smelted into bainite ductile iron original iron melt, tapping temperature is 1450 ~ 1500 ℃;
Second step, inoculation and spheroidizing
Nodulizing agent and nucleating agent are joined in the original iron melt that the first step makes the bainite ductile iron of coming out of the stove and carry out spheroidizing and inoculation;
It is that Mg 7.0～9.0%, RE 2.5～4.0%, Si 35～44%, Mn 4.0%, Al 0.5%, Ti 1.0% and all the other are the RE-Mg-ferrosilicon alloy of iron that described nodulizing agent adopts the mass percent of elementary composition, its trade mark is the nodulizing agent of QRMg8RE3, and its add-on is 1.0% ~ 1.8% of original iron melt quality;
It is that RE3～5%, Si72% and all the other are the ReFeSi alloy of iron that described nucleating agent adopts the mass percent of elementary composition, the nucleating agent that its trade mark is FeSi72;
Its nodulizing agent inoculant adding method of advocating peace is injection method, uses alundum tube the uniform mixture of nucleating agent and nodulizing agent to be injected to the original iron melt being smelt, and one time innoculant adding quantity is 0.6% ~ 1.0%, and carries out induction stirring it is uniformly distributed;
Afterwards original iron melt is directly put into the standing 60～90s of holding furnace preheating insulation, then until its temperature, be down to after 1350～1400 ℃, post inoculant is joined in original iron melt, and be poured into together the metallic mould that has been preheating to 230 ℃～300 ℃, adopt magnetic stirring technique in metallic mould, to make semi solid slurry simultaneously, post inoculant add-on is 0.2% ~ 0.6% of original iron melt quality, and obtaining nearly surface is fine dendrites tissue, and inside is semi-solid state two-phase structure;
The 3rd step, die sinking isothermal quenching
When the semi solid slurry of cast is cooled to the initial quenching temperature of 840～880 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 300 ℃/min together with metallic mould, die sinking, and foundry goods is placed on and in quenchant, carries out isothermal quenching, its austempering temperature is 270～300 ℃, Quenching Soaking Time is 3～5 hours, thereby obtains bainite ductile iron;
Induction stirring in described step 3 is connected with low-frequency power, and the power of this magnetic stirrer is 5～20kW, and frequency is 5～50Hz, and magnetizing current is 1～50A;
Described quenchant is NaOH and KOH mixture, and its quenchant amount of substance ratio is 7:3.
Compare with traditional bainite ductile iron abrading-ball, advantage of the present invention is: because the present invention has adopted above-mentioned chemical composition, and having adopted unique inoculation and spheriodization process thereof, the interiors of products preparing is organized as: bainite+martensite+residual austenite; Its hardness is even, and overall volume hardness reaches HRC58, and surface hardness reaches HRC60～61, and centre hardness is HRC54～57, and the inside and outside difference of hardness of abrading-ball of 110mm is less than HRC6; Ballistic work α
k> 15J/cm
2, showing through fall sphere test, its ball falling impact fatigue lifetime is over 10000 times.
Embodiment
Exemplify several chemical compositions below and be the example of the abrading-ball of producing under definite value and various processes condition and the performance index that reach, the invention will be further described.
Specific chemical composition and performance are in Table 1.
Table 1 embodiment chemical composition and performance (massfraction %, surplus is Fe)
Table 2 is the concrete technology parameter of above-mentioned 5 kinds of embodiments.
Adopt Production Flow Chart of the present invention, avoided the second-heating in conventional cast to quench and tempering, shortened Production Flow Chart, reduced the production cycle, the more important thing is and reduced energy consumption, so the grinding ball production method in the present invention can, when effectively reducing production costs, improve the quality product of abrading-ball.
Claims (2)
1. the manufacture method of one kind short flow process semi-solid casting wear-resistant ball, it is characterized in that comprising vacuum melting, utilize nucleating agent and nodulizing agent once to breed, molten iron is poured into metallic mould, carry out late inoculation simultaneously, adopt electromagnetic agitating technology in metallic mould, to make semi solid slurry, then cooling, die sinking, and foundry goods is placed on and in melting mixing alkali, carries out isothermal quenching, concrete operation step is as follows: the first step, preparation of raw material and Smelting of iron
Press the chemical composition preparation raw material of following mass percent: C 3.3%～3.7%, Si 2.2%～2.6%, Mn0.4%～0.7%, B 0.015%～0.018%, Cu 0.5% ~ 0.7%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, the raw material preparing is put into medium-frequency induction furnace and carry out vacuum melting, make it be warming up to whole feed composition fusings, and being smelted into bainite ductile iron original iron melt, tapping temperature is 1450 ~ 1500 ℃;
Second step, inoculation and spheroidizing
Nodulizing agent and nucleating agent are joined in the original iron melt that the first step makes the bainite ductile iron of coming out of the stove and carry out spheroidizing and inoculation;
It is that Mg 7.0～9.0%, RE 2.5～4.0%, Si 35～44%, Mn 4.0～4.5%, Al 0.5～1.0%, Ti 1.0～1.2% and all the other are the RE-Mg-ferrosilicon alloy of iron that described nodulizing agent adopts the mass percent of elementary composition, its trade mark is the nodulizing agent of QRMg8RE3, and its add-on is 1.0% ~ 1.8% of original iron melt quality;
It is that RE 3～5%, Si72% and all the other are the ReFeSi alloy of iron that described nucleating agent adopts the mass percent of elementary composition, the nucleating agent that its trade mark is FeSi72;
Its nodulizing agent and inoculant adding method are injection method, use alundum tube the uniform mixture of nucleating agent and nodulizing agent to be injected to the original iron melt being smelt, and one time innoculant adding quantity is 0.6% ~ 1.0%, and carry out induction stirring it is uniformly distributed;
Afterwards original iron melt is directly put into the standing 60～90s of holding furnace preheating insulation, then until its temperature, be down to after 1350～1400 ℃, post inoculant is joined in original iron melt, and be poured into together the metallic mould that has been preheating to 230 ℃～300 ℃, adopt electromagnetic agitating technology in metallic mould, to make semi solid slurry simultaneously, post inoculant add-on is 0.2% ~ 0.6% of original iron melt quality, and obtaining nearly surface is fine dendrites tissue, and inside is semi-solid state two-phase structure;
The 3rd step, die sinking isothermal quenching
When the semi solid slurry of cast is cooled to the initial quenching temperature of 840 ~ 880 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 300 ℃/min together with metallic mould, die sinking is also placed on foundry goods in quenchant, to carry out isothermal quenching, its austempering temperature is 270 ~ 300 ℃, Quenching Soaking Time is 3 ~ 5 hours, thereby obtains bainite ductile iron.
2. the manufacture method of short flow process semi-solid casting wear-resistant ball according to claim 1, is characterized in that described quenchant is NaOH and KOH mixture, and its quenchant amount of substance ratio is 7:3.
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| CN103602878B (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2015-09-09 | 北京工业大学 | High tough spheroidal graphite cast iron preparation method |
| CN104862579A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2015-08-26 | 铜陵有色金神耐磨材料有限责任公司 | Grinding ball and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108624804B (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2020-07-17 | 安徽全兆光学科技有限公司 | Nodular cast iron material for optical sapphire grinding disc and preparation method thereof |
| CN109355554B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-10-23 | 西安理工大学 | Short-process horizontal continuous casting method for nodular cast iron section |
| CN110756748A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-07 | 江苏铭利达科技有限公司 | Preparation process of semi-solid rheoforming slurry |
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| CN101348878A (en) * | 2008-08-26 | 2009-01-21 | 朱志文 | Isothermal quench bainitic ductile cast iron and use thereof |
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Address after: 114001 Anshan District, Liaoning, No. 219 Road, No. 39, Tiedong Patentee after: Anshan Iron and Steel Group Mining Co., Ltd. Address before: 114001 Anshan District, Liaoning, No. 219 Road, No. 39, Tiedong Patentee before: Angang Group Mine Company |