CN109609835A - A kind of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron and its preparation process and application - Google Patents
A kind of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron and its preparation process and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN109609835A CN109609835A CN201910030522.9A CN201910030522A CN109609835A CN 109609835 A CN109609835 A CN 109609835A CN 201910030522 A CN201910030522 A CN 201910030522A CN 109609835 A CN109609835 A CN 109609835A
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- iron
- wear resistant
- spheroidal graphite
- high toughness
- graphite cast
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
- C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron and its preparation process and applications, the content of each ingredient such as C, Si, Mn, P, S is rationally controlled during the preparation process, and suitable Inoculant and nodulizer is added on suitable opportunity, it is 2.7 ~ 2.9% by the control of whole Si content, make graphite form A type, having a size of 7 ~ 8 grades, and it is uniformly distributed and Oxygen potential reaches 90% or more, the Al-Qaeda terrorist organization is finer and close, the tensile strength for optimizing casting reaches 700MPa or more, it is made preferably to be suitable for high-performance crankshaft.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of graphite cast irons, and in particular to a kind of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron and its preparation process and answers
With；Belong to graphite cast iron technical field.
Background technique
Requirement with people to vehicle operation performance is continuously improved, and automobile power also constantly enhances, and the rotation of crankshaft is
The power source of engine.Crankshaft becomes to recycle the important component of (rotation) movement as the movement (reciprocal) up and down for accepting connecting rod,
Crankshaft material in the prior art is made of structural carbon steel or spheroidal graphite cast-iron, and there are two significant points: trunnion and company
Bar neck, trunnion are installed on cylinder body, and connecting rod neck is connect with crank pin end pore, and connecting rod small end hole is connect with steam-cylinder piston, are
One typical slider-crank mechanism.With the enhancing of automobile power, crankshaft is also required to bear bigger alternating load, thus right
Higher requirements are also raised for the obdurability and reliability of crankshaft material.
According to the form of Graphite in Cast Iron, gray cast iron can be divided into: common grey iron, spheroidal graphite cast-iron, malleable cast iron and
Vermicular cast iron.Spheroidal graphite cast-iron is a kind of 20th century high strength cast iron material for growing up of the fifties, and comprehensive performance is close
Yu Gang is based on its excellent performance, and it is complicated to be successfully used to cast some stress, intensity, toughness, wearability require compared with
High part.Spheroidal graphite cast-iron has rapidly developed to apply very extensive cast iron materials, so-called " with iron Dai Gang ", refers mainly to spheroidal graphite
Cast iron.
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron is to obtain globular graphite by nodularization and inoculation, effectively improves the mechanical performance of cast iron,
Plasticity and toughness are in particular improved, to obtain the intensity also higher than carbon steel.The size of graphite form therein and graphite nodule
Grade has vital influence for the mechanical property of material, therefore, it is necessary to carry out to the Al-Qaeda terrorist organization of spheroidal graphite cast-iron excellent
Change to obtain performance more preferably material.
Summary of the invention
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a kind of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron,
Another object is to provide the preparation process of the high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron, and a further object is to provide the high toughness wear resistant ball
The application of black cast iron.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of preparation process of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron, includes the following steps:
S1, melt: by magnesium iron return material, steel scrap be added frequency conversion furnace in, heating melting make the material melting Cheng Tie in frequency conversion furnace
Water detects component content therein with carbon silicon instrument, then detects the content of other compositions with sub-ray spectrometer, powers off after analysis
Carry out slagging-off operation for the first time, and SiC and other alloying ingredient adjusting component contents be added according to target value, until carbon silicon instrument and
Sub-ray spectrometer detects that hot metal composition content reaches target value；
S2, go out soup: ladle being transferred to stokehold and carries out out soup operation, control out soup temperature, wrap interior addition Inoculant, and
Nodulizer is added and carries out spheroidising, is put into inoculant block before being poured after moulding in sand mold type, final Si content is 2.7~2.9%,
Casting obtains high toughness wear resistant ductile cast iron casting, and graphite grade is 7~8 grades.
Preferably, alloying ingredient above-mentioned can flexible choice according to actual needs, comprising: Mn, P, S, Cu, Cr, Sn, Sb and
One of Mg or a variety of.
It is highly preferred that in abovementioned steps S1, the target value of hot metal composition content are as follows:, by percentage to the quality, C 3.3
~3.5%, Si 1.6~1.8%, Mn 0.3~0.5%, P < 0.1%, S < 0.05%, Cu 0.4~0.7%, Cr < 0.1%,
Sn:0.03-0.06%, Sb:0.003-0.006%, Mg0.03~0.05%, surplus are Fe and with impurity.
C (carbon) is the element as graphite structure, and content has important shadow for the Al-Qaeda terrorist organization of material and graphite form
It rings, C content is excessively high, and graphite form is coarse, can reduce the intensity of material.Therefore, in the present invention, the content of C is 3.3~3.5%.
Si is that the element of graphite crystallization is promoted to be unfavorable for the shape of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron if Si content is inadequate
State is stablized, if Si content is too many, graphite shape becomes larger, and the ferrite content in the Al-Qaeda terrorist organization will increase, and is unfavorable for high-strength
The promotion of tough wearable ductile iron mechanical performance, therefore, original soup Si content are 1.6%~1.8%.
The effect of Mn is that the structure of stabilizing pearlite, preferred range are 0.3%~0.5%, avoids that Quench trend occurs,
Effectively promote hardness and wearability.
The content of P is not to be exceeded 0.1%, otherwise can make that iron phosphide is precipitated in the Al-Qaeda terrorist organization, and iron phosphide is a kind of hard object
Matter leads to the product premature abrasion being used cooperatively with cast iron products.
The content of S needs strict control, and S prevents spheroidization of graphite, and then graphite is easy slabbing to the too high levels of S, can not obtain
Stable high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron is obtained, therefore, preferred range is no more than 0.05%.
Cu is the stabilizing element of pearlitic structrure, is also had an impact for mechanical performances such as tensile strength, and content is
0.4%~0.7%, higher cost, usage amount needs to control.
The content of Cr is to make Carbide Precipitation in conjunction with carbon in cast iron base material no more than 0.1%, pass through the precipitation of substrate
Reinforcing optimizes the mechanical performance of cast iron.
The content of Sn is 0.03%~0.06%, can mitigate the segregation of graphite, and can prevent caused by internal oxidation
The oxidation of graphite fall off.
The content of Sb is 0.003-0.006%, and Sb is the harmful element certainly existed in spheroidal graphite cast-iron, therefore, should be controlled
It is beneficial to refine graphite (less than 0.006%) in safe ratio.
The content of Mg is 0.03~0.05%, this is a key factor for influencing internal defect in cast, controls residual magnesium amount
Have a direct impact for cast shape, meat thickness.
Preferably, in abovementioned steps S2, Inoculant accounts for the 0.5% of molten steel quality.
It is highly preferred that inoculant block accounts for the 0.3% of molten steel quality in abovementioned steps S2.
More preferably, as aforementioned Inoculant with the chemical component of inoculant block is, by percentage to the quality (Inoculant/
100%) gross mass of inoculant block is denoted as, wherein containing: Si 70~75%, Ba 0.5~1.5%, Ca 1~3%, Al≤
2.5%, surplus is Fe and with impurity.
It is highly preferred that aforementioned nodulizer is in general, the percentage for accounting for molten steel quality is 0.1% or so, in actual production
In can detect practical residual magnesium amount in molten iron according to the requirement of Mg0.03~0.05% and be modified, wherein by percentage to the quality
(gross mass of nodulizer is denoted as 100%), contains: Si 42~47%, Mg 13~17%, Ca 4~5%, RE 2.7~
3.1%, surplus Fe, wherein RE represents the summation of lanthanide series rare-earth elements.
A kind of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron is also disclosed in the present invention, is made using foregoing preparation process, the casting
The tensile strength of iron reaches 700MPa, graphite form A type, and graphite size is 7~8 grades, and Oxygen potential is 90% or more.
A kind of application of the foregoing high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron on crankshaft, specifically: by aforementioned spheroidal graphite cast-iron
As raw material, casting is obtained through casting, washed-out sand, grinding, cleaning.
Technical solution of the present invention, which has the advantage that, rationally controls each ingredient such as C, Si, Mn, P, S in the present invention
Content, and suitable Inoculant and nodulizer is added on suitable opportunity, it is 2.7~2.9% by the control of whole Si content, makes graphite
Form is A type, having a size of 7~8 grades, and is uniformly distributed and Oxygen potential reaches 90% or more, the Al-Qaeda terrorist organization is finer and close, optimizes
The tensile strength of casting reaches 700MPa or more, it is made preferably to be suitable for high-performance crankshaft.
After material of the invention is by improving material, client is reached to the high request of mechanical performance, Er Qieke
Using lower-cost tide mould sand production line, production cost and the purchase cost of client are reduced, the market competitiveness is improved.And
In traditional Crankshaft Machining, for the tough high-wear resistance of height for reaching similar product of the present invention, generally requires and covered using swage
Sand casting technique and heat treatment are to make casting reach performance requirement.Hundreds of thousands is at least put into terms of die cost, be much higher than
100,000 die costs of this technique, casting process aspect cost are higher by 2000 yuan/ton of tide mould sand casting technique or more.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the metallographic microscope of common spheroidal graphite cast-iron in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is a kind of metallographic microscope of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Specific introduce is made to the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Comparative example 1~2 and embodiment 1 are each in test material preparation process, the target value of each ingredient in step S1:
1 comparative example 1~2 of table and 1 chemical composition of embodiment
Inoculant/inoculant block chemical composition in 2 comparative example 1~2 of table and embodiment 1
The chemical composition of nodulizer in 3 comparative example 1~2 of table and embodiment 1
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron of the invention is prepared by the chemical composition of table 1 to table 3, and is cast as bulk for test material, to carry out
Performance detection, comparative example 1~2 is identical with the preparation process of embodiment 1, and difference is in preparation process for the control of ingredient not
Together, include the following steps:
S1, melt: by magnesium iron return material, steel scrap be added frequency conversion furnace in, heating melting make the material melting Cheng Tie in frequency conversion furnace
Water detects component content therein with carbon silicon instrument, then detects the content of other compositions with sub-ray spectrometer, powers off after analysis
Slagging-off operation for the first time is carried out, and SiC and other alloying ingredient adjusting components are added according to the target value of each embodiment (being shown in Table 1)
Content, until carbon silicon instrument and sub-ray spectrometer detect that hot metal composition content reaches target value shown in table 1；
S2, go out soup: ladle being transferred to stokehold and carries out out soup operation, control out soup temperature, wrap interior addition Inoculant, and
Nodulizer is added and carries out spheroidising, inoculant block is put into sand mold type before being poured after moulding, it is significant to note that embodiment 3
Final Si content be 2.7~2.9% (detections of carbon silicon instrument), cast obtain ductile cast iron casting.
In step sl, strict control and detection carried out to ingredient, in step S2, Inoculant, inoculant block and ball is added
Agent adjusts the Al-Qaeda terrorist organization, optimizes material property.
Following performance detection is carried out to casting:
(1) it structure: is detected using metallographic microscope, brand: OLYMPUS, model: BX41M；
(2) pull test machine testing, brand: Japanese Shimadzu, model: AG-X-PLUS mechanical performance: are used；
(3) cloth hardness machine testing, brand: modern well essence machine, model BRINELL-BO3 hardness: are used；
(4) it graphite grade: is evaluated in conjunction with metallographic testing result figure.
Performance test results are shown in Table 4:
The performance test results of 4 embodiment 1-3 of table
The metallographic microscope of comparative example 1 is referring to Fig. 1, and the metallographic microscope of embodiment 1 is referring to fig. 2.
The structure (ratio of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are identical) of the spheroidal graphite cast-iron of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is compared into the reality it is found that of the invention
The graphite form for applying 1 cast iron of example has occurred significant change, and graphite form is A type, having a size of 7~8 grades, and is uniformly distributed and ball
Rate reaches 90% or more, and the Al-Qaeda terrorist organization is finer and close, and the tensile strength for optimizing casting reaches 700MPa or more, keeps it more preferable
Ground is suitable for high-performance crankshaft.Thus, spheroidal graphite cast-iron of the invention is high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron, and tensile strength, surrender are strong
Degree and elongation percentage optimized, wear-resisting property is remarkably improved, can as casting automobile power it is stronger, require it is higher
Crankshaft raw material.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should
Understand, the above embodiments do not limit the invention in any form, all obtained by the way of equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation
Technical solution is fallen within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation process of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron, which comprises the steps of:
S1, melt: returning material for magnesium iron, steel scrap is added in frequency conversion furnace, and heating melting makes the material melting in frequency conversion furnace at molten iron, uses
Carbon silicon instrument detects component content therein, then with the content of sub-ray spectrometer detection other compositions, power-off progress after analysis
Slagging-off operation for the first time, and SiC and other alloying ingredient adjusting component contents are added according to target value, until carbon silicon instrument and light splitting
Spectrometer detects that hot metal composition content reaches target value；
S2, go out soup: ladle being transferred to stokehold and carries out out soup operation, controls out soup temperature, Inoculant is added when subcontracting, together
When in the intracavitary addition inoculant block of type, and be added nodulizer carry out spheroidising, final Si content be 2.7~2.9%, graphite grade
It is 7~8 grades.
2. a kind of preparation process of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the alloy
Ingredient includes: one of Mn, P, S, Cu, Cr, Sn, Sb and Mg or a variety of.
3. a kind of preparation process of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In S1, the target value of hot metal composition content are as follows:, by percentage to the quality, C 3.3~3.5%, Si 1.6~1.8%, Mn 0.3
~0.5%, P < 0.1%, S < 0.05%, Cu 0.4~0.7%, Cr < 0.1%, Sn:0.03-0.06%, Sb:0.003-
0.006%, Mg0.03~0.05%, surplus are Fe and with impurity.
4. a kind of preparation process of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In S2, Inoculant accounts for the 0.5% of molten steel quality.
5. a kind of preparation process of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step
In S2, inoculant block accounts for the 0.3% of molten steel quality.
6. a kind of preparation process of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the inoculation
As agent with the chemical component of inoculant block is, by percentage to the quality, wherein containing: Si 70~75%, Ba 0.5~
1.5%, Ca 1~3%, Al≤2.5%, surplus are Fe and with impurity.
7. a kind of preparation process of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nodularization
In agent, by percentage to the quality, contain: Si 42~47%, Mg 13~17%, Ca 4~5%, RE 2.7~3.1%, surplus
For Fe, wherein RE represents the summation of lanthanide series rare-earth elements.
8. a kind of high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron, which is characterized in that use preparation work as described in any one of claims 1 to 7
Skill is made, and cast iron tensile strength reaches 700MPa, graphite form A type, and graphite size is 7~8 grades, and Oxygen potential is 90% or more.
9. a kind of application of the high toughness wear resistant spheroidal graphite cast-iron as claimed in claim 8 on crankshaft.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115141971A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-04 | 苏州勤美达精密机械有限公司 | High-strength hydraulic pump body made of vermicular graphite cast iron and production process thereof |
| CN115839399A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2023-03-24 | 广东极亚精机科技有限公司 | Harmonic speed reducer rigid gear and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115141971A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-04 | 苏州勤美达精密机械有限公司 | High-strength hydraulic pump body made of vermicular graphite cast iron and production process thereof |
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| CN115839399A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2023-03-24 | 广东极亚精机科技有限公司 | Harmonic speed reducer rigid gear and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115839399B (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2024-06-18 | 广东极亚精机科技有限公司 | Harmonic reducer rigid gear and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN109609835B (en) | 2021-04-30 |
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