CN105475479B - A kind of intelligence normal pressure far infrared freezing grain drier - Google Patents
A kind of intelligence normal pressure far infrared freezing grain drier Download PDFInfo
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- CN105475479B CN105475479B CN201610064027.6A CN201610064027A CN105475479B CN 105475479 B CN105475479 B CN 105475479B CN 201610064027 A CN201610064027 A CN 201610064027A CN 105475479 B CN105475479 B CN 105475479B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
- A23B9/08—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of intelligent normal pressure far infrareds to freeze grain drier, and this intelligence normal pressure far infrared freezing grain drier includes hothouse, and top, bottom and the centre of hothouse are provided with humidity sensor, temperature sensor；Five layers of material conveyor belt are installed among hothouse, weight sensor is separately installed on second layer material conveyor belt and the 4th layer of material transmission band, preceding four layers of material conveyor belt respectively installs two blocks of Heated by Far-Infrared Radiation plates up and down, is equipped with condensation air hose at layer 5 material conveyor belt；Collected signal is passed to PLC main control module by above-mentioned each sensor, through output control module to entire drying system real-time monitoring；It is connected below hothouse with water trap, underpart has air cooling refrigeration unit to provide cold source for water trap.Directly in outside work, the freezing grain of cold area in north can be directly entered drying machine and be dried, reduce energy consumption, improve work efficiency the present invention；Meanwhile cold source is efficiently utilized to condensation air hose cooling supply using outdoor cold air.
Description
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to be directed to cold area in north in Condition of Grain-Drying Technology field to freeze the quick-drying side of grain
Method, and in particular to be a kind of intelligent normal pressure far infrared freezing grain drier.
Two, background technique:
Northern China is the main product of grain, according to statistics, because weather is clammy after grain harvest, is deposited in dring yard, Bu Nengxun
Rapid-curing cutback it is dry and caused by the grain of losses such as mildew, germination be up to 5%.The especially large-scale corn in Heilongjiangdistrict and rice
Harvest time controls in November, and average -14 DEG C of the minimum temperature in outdoor, northern territory reaches -17 DEG C.Storage outdoors grain all
It is freezing state, although can be kept in outdoor the short time, is lost as caused by bird mouse and weather higher.Therefore dry in time
Dry storage and the contradiction of energy consumption for drying and preservation grain quality are especially prominent.The timely dry and storage of northern grain, becomes grain
Eat Circulation Industry chain most important thing link.
Grain is dried currently, northern China mainly passes through natural drying, rower drier and cylindrical drier.
The natural drying time is long, is influenced by place and weather big；Rower drier and cylindrical drier generally all exist it is at high cost,
The thermal efficiency is lower, and to freezing grain drying, energy consumption is high, after drying the problems such as quality decline (percent cracked rice increases, changes colour).
Three, summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of intelligent normal pressure far infrareds to freeze grain drier, this intelligence normal pressure far infrared
Freezing grain drier is for solving the problems, such as existing cold area in north freezing grain rapid draing.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: this intelligence normal pressure far infrared freezes grain drying
Machine includes hothouse, and top, bottom and the centre of the hothouse are provided with humidity sensor, temperature sensor；Hothouse
Five layers of material conveyor belt are installed in centre, and weight sensing is separately installed on second layer material conveyor belt and the 4th layer of material transmission band
Device, preceding four layers of material conveyor belt are respectively installed two blocks of Heated by Far-Infrared Radiation plates up and down, are equipped at layer 5 material conveyor belt cold
Solidifying air hose；Collected signal is passed to PLC main control module by above-mentioned each sensor, through output control module to entire dry
System real-time monitoring realizes intelligentized control method；It is connected below hothouse with water trap, underpart has air cooled chiller
Group provides cold source for water trap.
Flow control valve is installed, to the grain uniformity on entrance hothouse material transmission band in above scheme in feed hopper
It is controlled.
Five layers of material conveyor belt respectively connect a frequency modulation motor in above scheme, and every layer of material conveyor belt separately provides dynamic
Power, can be from main regulation belt speed.
The bottom of water trap is taper in above scheme, and there is drain valve in cone bottom, can be melted after the completion of dry
Ice raft water.
In above scheme there are two water traps, vapor can be alternately trapped, working efficiency is improved.
Hothouse is provided with insulating layer in above scheme, and insulating layer is sealed by filling heat-preservation cotton between insulation double-layer plate
It is formed.
Idler wheel is installed in the bottom of drying machine rack in above scheme, can be convenient the movement of drying machine.
Hothouse is equipped with observation window in above scheme.
The utility model has the advantages that
1, directly in outside work, the freezing grain of cold area in north can be directly entered drying machine and be done the present invention
It is dry, the link of freeze-dried material pre-freeze is eliminated, energy consumption is reduced, increases working efficiency；Meanwhile utilizing outdoor cold air pair
Air hose cooling supply is condensed, cold source is efficiently utilized, reduces energy consumption for drying.
2, automatic control system of the present invention is carried out real-time monitoring, and is added to far infrared by temperature, humidity, weight sensor
Hot plate radiant power, material conveyor belt belt speed carry out real-time monitoring, realize the control of grain drying whole process intelligent automation.
3, the present invention improves the utilization rate of Heated by Far-Infrared Radiation plate by way of Multi-stage heating, is further promoted
The rate of drying of grain.
4, the present invention steams a large amount of water that material during atmospheric freeze drying distils out using alternative expression water trap
Gas carries out rapid condensation absorption, provides freeze-drying environment, ensure that the Quality of dry product of grain.
5, the present invention carries out a large amount of vapor that material during atmospheric freeze drying distils out using water trap
Rapid condensation absorbs, and provides freeze-drying environment, ensure that the Quality of dry product of grain；And a large amount of water generated in Grain Drying Process
Environment is pre-chilled at hothouse internal upper part thermal environment, lower part condensation air hose in steam, the cold environment that water trap provides is made jointly
Under, the air-flow of unimpeded operation downwards is formed, improves the efficiency that drying machine absorbs water vapour.
Four, Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of drying machine in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is water trap structural schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is drying process schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 5 is intelligence control system figure of the invention；
Fig. 6 is work flow diagram of the invention.
In figure, 1 elevator, 2 feed hoppers, 3 vane type flow controllers, 4 racks, 5 temperature sensors, 6 humidity sensors,
7 material conveyor belts, 8 Heated by Far-Infrared Radiation plates, 9 hothouses, 10 condensation air hoses, 11 grain discharging openings, 12 grain storage rooms, 13 row's grain machines
Structure, 14 idler wheels, 15 drain valves, 16 weight sensors, 17 frequency modulation motors, 18 water traps, 19 speed regulating motors, 20 pre- cold wind
Machine, 21 refrigeration units, 22 refrigeration supplying valves, 23 electric heating tubes, 24 condenser pipes, 25 electric heaters.
Five, specific embodiment:
Following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings:
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, this intelligence normal pressure far infrared freezing grain drier includes rack 4, feed hopper 2, does
Dry room 9, Heated by Far-Infrared Radiation plate 8, material conveyor belt 7, water trap 18, precooling fan 20, refrigeration unit 21, temperature pass
Sensor 5, humidity sensor 6, weight sensor 16, PLC main control module, output control module, computer controller, drain valve 15,
Frame body pipeline valve, grain storage room 12 and body idler wheel 14, feed hopper 2 are arranged in below the discharge port of elevator 1, and feed hopper 2 is inserted
Enter a upper side of the first layer material conveyor belt 7 into hothouse 9, flow control valve be installed in feed hopper 2, to enter drying
The grain uniformity is controlled on 9 material conveyor belt 7 of room.Grain storage room 12 is located at the side of rack 4, the bottom of hothouse 9 and storage
Grain room 12 is communicated by grain discharging opening 11, and grain storage room 12 is provided with draining crop mechanism 13, and the grain after drying is left dry by grain outlet
Dry machine.Idler wheel 14 is installed in the bottom of drying machine, can be convenient the movement of drying machine.
Elevator 1 will freeze at the top of state grain hoisting to drying machine, enter hothouse 9 from feed hopper 2.2 bottom of feed hopper peace
Equipped with vane type flow controller 3, pass through the monthly quota of food grain for an individual on top layer's material conveyor belt 7 in 19 pairs of speed regulating motor entrance drying machines
The uniform laying of grain on material conveyor belt 7 is protected in control.
Hothouse 9 is vertical sealed insulation construction, and outer wall is double-layer plate, fills pearlite wool in interlayer.Hothouse 9
Top, bottom and centre are provided with humidity sensor 6, temperature sensor 5；Five layers of material conveyor belt are installed among hothouse 9
7, respectively one frequency modulation motor 17 of connection, every layer of material conveyor belt 7 are independent by independent frequency modulation motor 17 for five layers of material conveyor belt 7
Power is provided, it can be from main regulation belt speed.
Material conveyor belt 7 is fixed on 4 side wall of rack by pin shaft, and second layer material conveyor belt 7 and the 4th layer of material pass
It send and high temperature resistant vapour-pressure type weight sensor 16 is installed respectively on band 7, the weight sensor 16 is separately positioned on corresponding second
In layer material conveyor belt 7 and in the 4th layer of material conveyor belt 7, the grain in the unit area in drying process is claimed in real time
Weight；Respectively two blocks of Heated by Far-Infrared Radiation plates 8 of installation, every block of Heated by Far-Infrared Radiation plate 8 are preceding about 7 four layers of material conveyor belt
Independent control, can autonomous regulation power size, to adjust section heating temperature；It is equipped at layer 5 material conveyor belt 7 cold
Solidifying air hose 10, condensation air hose 10 connect precooling fan 20；Collected signal is passed to PLC master control mould by above-mentioned each sensor
Block, PLC main control module are carried out by belt speed and 8 power of Heated by Far-Infrared Radiation plate of the output control module to material conveyor belt 7
Real-time monitoring realizes intelligent drying, and temperature sensor 5, humidity sensor 6, PLC main control module and output control module are complete
Portion is arranged in rack 4；9 lower section of hothouse is connected with water trap 18, and the bottom of water trap 18 is taper, bores bottom
There is drain valve 15 at place, can carry out ice-melt draining after the completion of dry, foamed polyethylene insulating layer is surrounded by outside water trap 18；Machine
It is that water trap 18 provides cold source that air cooling refrigeration unit 21, which is arranged, at body lower part.There are two water traps 18, can alternately catch
Collect vapor, when one of water trap 18 needs repairing, the work of another water trap 18 will not be caught because of steam
When storage 18 repairs, drier stops working, and to guarantee long-term operation of the present invention, improves efficiency.
Refering to Fig. 3, there is air cooling refrigeration unit 21 outside water trap 18, is provided by piped water vapour trap 18
Cold source can carry out timely adjustment according to 9 humidity of hothouse.Refrigeration unit 21 forms circulation loop by pipeline with condenser pipe 24,
Refrigeration unit 21 and condenser pipe 24 are provided with refrigeration supplying valve 22, and electric heating tube 23 connects electric heater 25.Water trap 18
A large amount of water vapours that material distils out are absorbed in the drying process, are surrounded by foamed polyethylene insulating layer outside water trap 18,
Prevent 18 refrigerating capacity of water trap from losing, 18 moisturizing ability of water trap is controlled by refrigeration unit 21, wet according to hothouse 9
Degree can carry out timely adjustment, and 9 right lower quadrant of hothouse has a grain discharging opening 11, material conveyor belt 7 grain after cooling through grain discharging opening 11 into
Enter grain storage room 12, draining crop mechanism 13 is arranged at 12 lower part of grain storage room, and drying machine can be discharged by draining crop mechanism 13 in the grain after drying, arranges grain
Mechanism 13 is row's grain screw feeder.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, the present invention realizes drying means:
Frost state grain is risen at the top of drying machine by elevator, by the vane type flow apparatus essence amount of 2 bottom of feed hopper
Control enters on conveyer belt, and uniform laying；
With the operating of conveyer belt, by way of multistage Heated by Far-Infrared Radiation, cooperate temperature sensor in drying machine
5, humidity sensor 6 and weight sensor 16 are monitored in real time, real-time monitoring Far infrared heating plate radiant power and conveyer belt
Grain drying whole process intelligentized control method is realized in belt speed, optimization；During atmospheric freeze drying grain, ice crystal state in grain seed
Or the Free water of sub- ice crystal state combines water with part, is directly sublimed into vapor, is carried out quickly by alternative expression water trap 18
Condensation absorbs, and not only provides grain and is freeze-dried environment, and guarantees the Quality of dry product of grain.
When drying grain after multistage Heated by Far-Infrared Radiation is transported on 9 the lowermost conveyer belt of hothouse,
It is cooling by the condensation air hose 10 of 9 inner wall surrounding of hothouse as conveyer belt operates, enter grain storage room 12 after drying grain is cooling
Storage, is finally discharged by draining crop mechanism 13；
The a large amount of water vapours generated in Grain Drying Process are at 9 internal upper part thermal environment of hothouse, lower part condensation air hose 10
It is pre-chilled under environment, the cold environment collective effect that water trap 18 provides, forms the air-flow of unimpeded operation downwards, and finally in water
It is absorbed in vapour trap 18, ice-melt draining discharge drying machine.
The process of present invention control grain moisture content: it is passed in real time by the weight sensor 16 being arranged in material conveyor belt 7
The bulk density of grain in defeated unit volume calculates grain moisture content value, in conjunction with interpolative prediction control algolithm, the row's of accurately calculating grain water
Point.Coupled by signal conversion module with PLC main control module, PLC main control module output point and transmission translator frequency converter group are logical
Letter, to adjust transmission translator revolving speed, adjusts grain drying rate according to internal algorithm setpoint frequency value indirectly, stringent to control
Output grain moisture content processed.Algorithm therein is well-known technique.
Grain weight online data of the present invention uses the cordless communication network based on Modbus ASCII communication protocol, guarantees
Data communication real-time, high accuracy and stability.Wireless communication module uses JZ873 wireless data transmission module, which uses
Transparent transmission mode passes through serial ports and chip microcontroller data transmit-receive；The wireless data transmission module connecting with PLC main control module uses
JZ874 USB wireless data transmission module.The transmission frequency of two intermodules is 433MHz, baud rate 9600bps, using in 3.5dp
Antenna is set, wireless transmission distance is no less than 800 meters, meets the requirement of grain weight data transmission range.
The present invention solves the problems, such as that cold area in north freezes grain rapid draing, realizes entire dry whole intelligence
It can change and automate.
Normal pressure far infrared Freeze Drying Technique is to provide heat source by far infrared radiation under the conditions of temperature of charge is lower than 0 DEG C,
Directly distillation is vapor to moisture (ice) under normal pressure in material, reaches quick-drying purpose, has drying time short, thermal effect
The advantages that rate is high, and final grain product quality is good.The frozen state grain drying processing for being particularly suitable for cold area in north is answered
With.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of intelligence normal pressure far infrared freezes grain drier, it is characterised in that: this intelligence normal pressure far infrared freezes grain
Drying machine includes hothouse (9), and top, bottom and the centre of the hothouse (9) are provided with humidity sensor (6), temperature
Sensor (5)；Five layers of material conveyor belt (7), second layer material conveyor belt (7) and the 4th layer of material are installed among hothouse (9)
It is separately installed on conveyer belt (7) weight sensor (16), preceding four layers of material conveyor belt (7) respectively installs two pieces of Far-infrared spokes up and down
It penetrates heating plate (8), condensation air hose (10) is installed at layer 5 material conveyor belt (7)；Above-mentioned each sensor is collected
Signal passes to PLC main control module, through output control module to entire drying system real-time monitoring, realizes intelligentized control method；It is dry
It is connected below dry room (9) with water trap (18), it is water trap (18) that underpart, which there are air cooling refrigeration unit (21),
Cold source is provided；Grain storage room (12) is located at the side of rack (4), and the bottom and grain storage room (12) of hothouse (9) pass through grain discharging opening
(11) it communicates, grain storage room (12) are provided with draining crop mechanism (13), and the grain after drying leaves drying machine by grain outlet；
For the intelligence normal pressure far infrared freezing grain drier directly in outside work, the freezing grain of cold area in north is direct
It is dried into drying machine, elevator (1) will freeze at the top of state grain hoisting to drying machine, enter hothouse from feed hopper (2)
(9), feed hopper (2) bottom is equipped with vane type flow controller (3), most upper in drying machine to entering by speed regulating motor (19)
Monthly quota of food grain for an individual control on layer material conveyor belt (7), protects the uniform laying of grain on material conveyor belt (7)；
Respectively one frequency modulation motor (17) of connection, every layer of material conveyor belt (7) separately provide five layers of material conveyor belt (7)
Power, from main regulation belt speed；With the operating of material conveyor belt, by way of multistage Heated by Far-Infrared Radiation, cooperate drying
Built-in temperature sensor (5), humidity sensor (6) and weight sensor (16) are monitored in real time, and real-time monitoring far infrared adds
Grain drying whole process intelligentized control method is realized in hot plate radiant power and conveyer belt belt speed, optimization；
Air hose (10) connection precooling fan (20) is condensed, the outlet of condensation air hose (10) is stretched out outside drying machine, with outside air phase
It is logical；The a large amount of water vapours generated in Grain Drying Process are pre- at hothouse (9) internal upper part thermal environment, lower part condensation air hose (10)
Under the cold environment collective effect that cold environment, water trap (18) provide, the air-flow of unimpeded operation downwards is formed, and finally in water
It is absorbed in vapour trap (18), ice-melt draining discharge drying machine.
2. intelligence normal pressure far infrared according to claim 1 freezes grain drier, it is characterised in that: the steam is caught
The bottom of storage (18) is taper, and cone bottom has drain valve (15).
3. intelligence normal pressure far infrared according to claim 2 freezes grain drier, it is characterised in that: the steam is caught
There are two storages (18), and two water traps (18) alternately trap vapor.
4. intelligence normal pressure far infrared according to claim 3 freezes grain drier, it is characterised in that: the hothouse
(9) it is provided with insulating layer, insulating layer is sealed by filling heat-preservation cotton between insulation double-layer plate and formed.
5. intelligence normal pressure far infrared according to claim 4 freezes grain drier, it is characterised in that: the drying machine
The bottom of rack (4) is installed by idler wheel (14).
6. intelligence normal pressure far infrared according to claim 5 freezes grain drier, it is characterised in that: the hothouse
(9) it is equipped with observation window.
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| CN107166949A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-09-15 | 合肥佳粮机械科技有限公司 | A kind of foodstuff drying device monitoring and warning system |
| CN107388812A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏大学 | A kind of anti-flaming reliable drying measure and control device of stalk particle dryer |
| CN109335729A (en) * | 2018-11-25 | 2019-02-15 | 广西农贝贝农牧科技有限公司福绵分公司 | A kind of the Feed Manufacturing delivery equipment and process of the horizontal feed bin of indoor location |
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| CN2302490Y (en) * | 1997-05-03 | 1998-12-30 | 郭立春 | Cylindrical crops dryer |
| CN201751780U (en) * | 2010-06-01 | 2011-02-23 | 李武波 | Conveying belt type grain dryer |
| CN203435623U (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2014-02-19 | 安徽光明槐祥工贸集团有限公司 | Moisture exhaust device for low-temperature grain drier |
| CN203534106U (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-04-09 | 石河子大学 | Multi-layer chain conveying hot air circulation drying machine |
| CN204032220U (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-12-24 | 李小辉 | A kind of energy-saving grain drier |
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