CN105470359A - 具有内嵌式电极结构的高功率led结构及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了具有内嵌式电极结构的高功率LED结构及其制备方法,该LED结构将电极内崁至结构内部拓展进行电流扩散,增益电极与外延欧姆接触范围,并可改善电极遮蔽增益发光效益;斜角式侧壁设计可使侧壁出光经入射-反射原理导向轴向出光,并且绝缘层可用具有高反射率的功能,减少内部吸收消耗。第一电连接层与第二电连接层由正面透式呈现最密堆积排列,电流路径可拓展至整面发光区,并且出光面无电连接层遮蔽,大幅增加出光面积提升光电效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于发光二极管技术领域,尤其是涉及具有内嵌式电极结构的高功率LED结构及其制备方法。
背景技术
LED电极需与外延半导体欧姆接触,并透过拓展条完成电流扩散,接触面积过小会造成电流扩散不佳,顺向电压上升并降低光电特性,但接触面积过大则增加遮蔽率,降低出光率影响光电特性;并且有源层辐射之光源于LED器件内部,即使有镜面的设计仍会有大部分光源被吸收损失。
现有LED的结构,基本须具有有源层外延结构与金属电极,其中金属电极与外延结构的欧姆接触为光电特性转换的关键:金属与外延欧姆接触面积大,则改善电流扩散面积与操作电压,但增加遮蔽面积;而减少遮蔽面积设计,却又有欧姆面积不足之问题并且电流扩散差降低出光效率;有源层除了幅射光源,内部反射的出光量仍然会被其吸收,即使有镜面的设计仍会有大部分光源无法辐射至器件外部造成损失。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明旨在提出一种具有内嵌式电极结构的高功率LED结构,解决了上述问题,且增加了LED组件的发光效率。
为达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种具有内嵌式电极结构的高功率LED结构,金属内崁至结构内部,且有源层具有倾斜凹洞,且用绝缘层充填有源层间距;优选的,倾斜角度为45~90°。
优选的,所述倾斜凹洞从接触层至GaP外延层,且所述金属蒸镀在于GaP外延层上;在倾斜凹洞内用绝缘层充填,在接触层表面沉积有绝缘层,且绝缘层完整包覆有源层的,在接触层上也蒸镀有金属,且金属与接触层面积相等,其余部分包覆有绝缘层;优选的,所述绝缘层为SiO2、SiNx或TiO2;所述接触层为GaAs。
本发明还提供了一种制备如上所述的具有内嵌式电极结构的高功率LED结构的方法,包括如下步骤,
1)LED外延芯片将衬底转移至暂时基板上并去除衬底,使P-N结构倒转;
2)以曝光显影定义图形,ICP干蚀刻至GaP外延层的深度,并且蒸镀与GaP外延层欧姆接触的金属作为第一电连接层;ICP干蚀刻可调整制程气体通气比例与时间,使作业干蚀刻的侧壁呈现倾斜角度。
3)接着在有源层的表面进行绝缘层薄膜沉积,使其能厚度完整包覆有源层的侧壁,并在表面以曝光显影蚀刻定义图形,蚀刻绝缘层并留下和金属欧姆接触面积的接触层;
4)蒸镀上第二电连接层;
5)蒸镀上键合厚金,并以高温高压键合,完成后去除暂时基板完成衬底转移;
6)衬底转移后表面进行粗化和电极蒸镀,即得到LED。
优选的,所述步骤1)中,四元LED外延芯片以黏胶键合方式(Glue-bonding)将衬底转移至暂时基板上并去除衬底,使P-N结构倒转。
相对于现有技术,本发明所述的具有内嵌式电极结构的高功率LED结构及其制备方法,具有以下优势:本发明将电极内崁至结构内部拓展进行电流扩散,增益电极与外延欧姆接触范围,并可改善电极遮蔽增益发光效益;结构外延窗口层GaP材质控制浓度加浓,可以帮助电流横向传导能力;电流经电极注入可顺利横向传导制第一电连接层,同时经过有源层接通第二电连接层并完成LED光电效应转换。部份有源层经干蚀刻凹洞后侧壁可再出光,斜角式侧壁设计可使侧壁出光经入射-反射原理导向轴向出光,并且绝缘层可用具有高反射率之功能,减少内部吸收消耗。第一电连接层与第二电连接层由正面透式呈现最密堆积排列,电流路径可拓展至整面发光区,并且出光面无电连接层遮蔽,大幅增加出光面积提升光电效率。
附图说明
构成本发明的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中:
图1~图3是本发明实施例中LED制备流程中的结构示意图;
图4是传统LED结构的结构示意图;
图5是本发明中LED结构的结构示意图;
图6是传统LED结构外观;
图7是本发明LED结构外观
1、接触层;2、AlGaInP(铝镓铟磷);3、有源层(MQW);4、GaP外延层;5、第一电连接层;6、暂时基板;7、第二电连接层;8、绝缘层;9、电极;10、结合金属层(Bondingmetal);11、硅晶片(Siwafer);
具体实施方式
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
实施例一
一种制备如上所述的具有内嵌式电极结构的高功率LED结构的方法,包括如下步骤,
1)LED外延芯片将衬底转移至暂时基板上并去除衬底,使P-N结构倒转;
2)以曝光显影定义图形,ICP干蚀刻至GaP外延层的深度,并且蒸镀与GaP外延层欧姆接触的金属作为第一电连接层;ICP干蚀刻可调整制程气体通气比例与时间,使作业干蚀刻的侧壁呈现倾斜角度;如图1所示。
3)接着在有源层的表面进行绝缘层薄膜沉积,使其能厚度完整包覆有源层的侧壁,并在表面以曝光显影蚀刻定义图形,蚀刻绝缘层并留下和金属欧姆接触面积的接触层;
4)蒸镀上第二电连接层;如图2所示;
5)蒸镀上键合厚金,并以高温高压键合去除暂时基板完成衬底转移;
6)衬底转移后表面进行粗化和电极蒸镀,即得到LED,如图3所示。
所述步骤1)中,四元LED外延芯片以黏胶键合方式(Glue-bonding)将衬底转移至暂时基板上并去除衬底,使P-N结构倒转。
所述步骤2)中,欧姆接触的金属为金铍。
传统的LED结构与本发明的LED结构对比如图4~图7所示,传统LED结构有源层的发光,表面出光会被金属遮蔽,部分向背面的光源经过镜面反射仍会经过有源层被再度吸收;而本发明的结构,正面出光光通量1可大部分避开金属遮蔽,光通量大于传统结构之出光,光通量2可藉由侧壁倾斜角度与绝缘层镜面反射,导引至正面出光;综合以上论述,本发明的发光效率将明显优于传统结构。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种具有内嵌式电极结构的高功率LED结构,其特征在于:金属内崁至结构内部,且有源层具有倾斜凹洞,且用绝缘层充填有源层间距;优选的,倾斜角度为45~90°。
2.如权利要求1所述的具有内嵌式电极结构的高功率LED结构,其特征在于:所述倾斜凹洞从接触层至GaP外延层,且所述金属蒸镀在于GaP外延层上;在倾斜凹洞内用绝缘层充填,在接触层表面沉积有绝缘层,且绝缘层完整包覆有源层的,在接触层上也蒸镀有金属,且金属与接触层面积相等,其余部分包覆有绝缘层;优选的,所述绝缘层为SiO2、SiNx或TiO2;所述接触层为GaAs。
3.一种制备如权利要求1所述的具有内嵌式电极结构的高功率LED结构的方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤,
1)LED外延芯片将衬底转移至暂时基板上并去除衬底,使P-N结构倒转;
2)以曝光显影定义图形,ICP干蚀刻至GaP外延层的深度,并且蒸镀与GaP外延层欧姆接触的金属作为第一电连接层;ICP干蚀刻可调整制程气体通气比例与时间,使作业干蚀刻的侧壁呈现倾斜角度。
3)接着在有源层的表面进行绝缘层薄膜沉积,使其能厚度完整包覆有源层的侧壁,并在表面以曝光显影蚀刻定义图形,蚀刻绝缘层并留下和金属欧姆接触面积的接触层;
4)蒸镀上第二电连接层;
5)蒸镀上键合厚金,并以高温高压键合,完成后去除暂时基板完成衬底转移;
6)衬底转移后表面进行粗化和电极蒸镀,即得到LED。
4.根据权利要求3所述的具有内嵌式电极结构的高功率LED结构的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1)中,四元LED外延芯片以黏胶键合方式(Glue-bonding)将衬底转移至暂时基板上并去除衬底,使P-N结构倒转。
5.根据权利要求3所述的具有内嵌式电极结构的高功率LED结构的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2)中,欧姆接触的金属为金铍或金锌。
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CN101587925A (zh) * | 2008-05-23 | 2009-11-25 | 精材科技股份有限公司 | 发光元件的封装结构及其制造方法 |
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