CN105466834B - The measurement apparatus and method of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability - Google Patents
The measurement apparatus and method of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability Download PDFInfo
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- CN105466834B CN105466834B CN201510964797.1A CN201510964797A CN105466834B CN 105466834 B CN105466834 B CN 105466834B CN 201510964797 A CN201510964797 A CN 201510964797A CN 105466834 B CN105466834 B CN 105466834B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
Abstract
A kind of measurement apparatus and method of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability, including graduated cylinder, ball valve, telescoping tube, upper yardstick axle, lower yardstick axle, platen and pedestal；Wherein, the lower surface of platen is parallel with the upper surface of the test desk of pedestal relative and has respectively posted pad, measured porous media is placed between pad, graduated cylinder is sequentially connected ball valve, telescoping tube and upper yardstick axle, and the inner chamber of the graduated cylinder, the inner chamber of ball valve, the interior conduit of the inner chamber of telescoping tube and upper yardstick axle form the passage that measurement liquid is flowed to the measured porous media on the downside of platen by graduated cylinder；Upper yardstick axle and platen compression is measured the compression ratio that porous media measures to needs, measurement liquid flows into the center of measured porous media under gravity, complete wetting flows out after being measured porous media from radial edges, with reference to the change of graduated cylinder liquid level, time of measuring and other data, that is, obtain being measured the saturated permeability in porous media plane on direction under the compression ratio.The present invention is simple in construction, easy to operate, and accuracy is high, for measuring the porous media plane permeability under different compression ratios.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material properties test technical field, and in particular to a kind of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane is oozed
The measurement apparatus and method of saturating rate, for testing permeability of the porous media in the in-plane in the case of different compression ratios.
Background technology
Porous media is widely present in the production of nature and the mankind, life.At present, various types of porous media materials
Material is applied to each neck such as the energy, material, chemical industry, environmental science, biotechnology, bionics, medical science and agricultural more and more
Domain.Permeability is the important parameter for characterizing fluid handling capacity as one important fundamental characteristics of porous media.Due to porous
Medium will generally rely on experiment measurement in void size, the complexity of configuration aspects and diversity, the exact value of permeability.
In practical application, porous media material is usually deformed in pressured state, and the deformation extent of porous media is typically used
Compression ratio represents, compression ratio=porous media sample thickness decrement/sample original thickness, and its influence to permeability is very
Significantly.Therefore, the method for testing and device of accurate, convenient porous media permeability in the case of different compression ratios are built, it is right
The further investigation and optimization use for realizing porous media have great importance.
The common methods and device of existing measurement porous media permeability are primarily present problems with：
1st, method is excessively complicated, and device volume is excessive, tests and easily produces error；
2nd, most of measuring method and device are applied to particulate species porous media, to fiber-like porous media less be applicable or
Larger error can be produced；
3rd, most measuring methods and device are applied to thick and hard porous media, and thin and flexible porous media is less applicable
Or larger error can be produced；
4th, can not accurately, continuously adjust the compression ratio of tested porous media；
5th, liquid is measured in measurement process and is not completely filled with porous media, cause the permeability result inaccuracy measured；
6th, the permeability in measurement apparatus prescribed limit is may be only available for, can not for the permeability in different order magnitude ranges
Measurement can produce larger error；
7th, existing method and device measure mainly for porous media thickness direction intrinsic permeability, to direction in plane
The device that permeability is tested is less；
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of permeability for being applicable wider range, and can fine-tune porous media compression ratio, be directed to
Porous media in-plane intrinsic permeability, accurate, the convenient measuring method and relevant apparatus of different-thickness.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims at overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane is oozed
The measurement apparatus and method of saturating rate, it is capable of the compression ratio of the careful measured porous media of regulation, so as to measure corresponding compression ratio feelings
Plane permeability under condition, reaches the effect that apparatus structure is simple, cost is low, simple to operate.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of measurement apparatus of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability, it is characterised in that：The measurement apparatus
Including graduated cylinder, ball valve, telescoping tube, upper yardstick axle, lower yardstick axle, platen and pedestal；
The upper yardstick axle is coaxially formed by fixedly connecting by the scale axle of a hollow pipe fitting and a tubulose, the hollow pipe fitting
Interior conduit and the lower end of periphery and top provided with axial direction are respectively provided with one section of external screw thread, and the internal diameter of the scale axle is more than described hollow
The external diameter of pipe fitting, it is connected at the external screw thread on the hollow pipe fitting top, the inwall of the scale axle and the hollow pipe fitting top
External screw thread between form the interlayer tube chamber of upper end closed, the bottom of the scale axle outer wall is provided with the graduation mark in ring week；
The pedestal is the bow member erect, and bottom is provided with test desk, and top is provided with through hole；
The lower yardstick axle is tubular element, and its bottom is fixedly connected with the top of the pedestal, and top is stretched into described
In the interlayer tube chamber of upper yardstick axle, the inner tubal wall of the lower yardstick axle is provided with the hollow pipe fitting of internal thread and the upper yardstick axle
The external screw thread connection in portion, the hollow pipe fitting of the upper yardstick axle passes through the through hole on the pedestal top, and yardstick axle leads on this
Crossing the rotation of screw thread can move up and down vertically on the lower yardstick axle, be provided with the outer tube wall of the lower yardstick axle along axle
To graduation mark；
The center of the platen is provided with tapped through hole and is connected on the external screw thread of the upper yardstick axle lower end, the platen
Lower surface is parallel with the upper surface of the test desk of the pedestal relative and has respectively posted pad, and the measured porous media is put
Between the pad；
For the graduated cylinder to accommodate the cylindrical vessel of measurement liquid, outer peripheral face is provided with the quarter for showing the measurement liquid surplus change
Spend line, the graduated cylinder is sequentially connected the ball valve, telescoping tube and upper yardstick axle, and the inner chamber of the graduated cylinder, ball valve inner chamber, stretch
The interior conduit of the inner chamber of the draw and upper yardstick axle forms the measurement liquid and flows to being measured on the downside of the platen by the graduated cylinder
The passage of porous media.
As a further improvement, between described graduated cylinder and ball valve, between ball valve and telescoping tube and the pedestal with
Connected respectively by screw thread between yardstick axle, pass through joint and clamp connection between the telescoping tube and upper yardstick axle.
As a further improvement, described graduated cylinder and platen are using the transparent material or trnaslucent materials system for being easy to observation
Into.
As a further improvement, described pad is made of transparent and small compression silicon rubber.
The yardstick lock of the upper yardstick axle as a further improvement, the top of described pedestal is provided with to lock.
As a further improvement, described graduated cylinder is fixed on suitable height using fixed mount.
As a further improvement, described upper yardstick axle and lower yardstick axle are made of stainless steel material.
As a further improvement, measurement liquid is placed with below described pedestal connects disk, it is plastic casing that the measurement liquid, which connects disk, directly
Footpath is more than the diameter of the pedestal.
As a further improvement, described exhaust liquid and measurement liquid are ethanol water or glycerin solution.
The present invention another technical scheme be：
A kind of measuring method for the porous media plane permeability realized by above-mentioned measurement apparatus, it includes following specific
Step：
First, prepare before measurement
1) using de aerated water allotment exhaust liquid and measurement liquid；
2) cut and be measured porous media, measure and determine to be measured the original thickness of porous media；
3) alcohol or acetone solvent are used by the graduated cylinder, ball valve, telescoping tube, upper yardstick axle, lower yardstick axle, platen, base
Seat, Upper gasket and lower gasket clean up, and are assembled after drying and install the compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability
Measurement apparatus；
4) placed between the Upper gasket and lower gasket and be measured porous media, rotation adjusts the upper yardstick axle and pressure
The height of disk, it is close to the Upper gasket and lower gasket and compresses measured porous media, measurement, which obtains, is measured porous media
Test thickness, according to the following formula calculate determine be measured porous media test compression rate：
Test compression rate=be measured porous media thickness reduction/original thickness,
It is measured porous media decrement=original thickness-test thickness；
The thickness for being measured porous media obtains in following manner：
The scale value of the upper yardstick axle is read on the basis of the scale datum line of the lower yardstick axle, then with the upper chi
The scale value of the lower yardstick axle is read on the basis of the scale datum line of degree axle, yardstick axle scale value and lower yardstick axle scale on this
It is worth the sum being added, is as measured the thickness of porous media；
2nd, it is vented
The ball valve is opened, exhaust liquid is persistently poured into the graduated cylinder, exhaust liquid flowed successively through graduated cylinder, ball valve, stretched
The draw and upper yardstick axle, the center for being measured porous media is flowed into, then radially flow through the radius of measured porous media
After flow out, observe at the platen and bubble-free remain at the side surface of measured porous media, you can confirmed exhaust liquid
Porous media is measured through complete wetting, exhaust liquid is poured into stopping；
3rd, measurement data and acquisition permeability is calculated
1) by observing the graduation mark on the graduated cylinder, it is recorded in the graduated cylinder at the beginning and end of certain time of measuring
The liquid level of interior measurement liquid；
2) measurement fluid viscosity is consulted according to the measurement liquid and measures liquid-tight degree；
3) the plane permeability that porous media is measured under conditions of the test compression rate is calculated according to following equation：
Wherein,
K is the plane permeability for being measured porous media,
A is the sectional area of the inner chamber of graduated cylinder,
RSampleTo be measured the radius of porous media,
RChiFor the internal diameter of the interior conduit of upper yardstick axle,
Δ t is time of measuring,
h1The liquid level of liquid is measured when starting for time of measuring in graduated cylinder,
h2The liquid level of liquid is measured at the end of for time of measuring in graduated cylinder,
μ is measurement fluid viscosity,
ρ is the liquid-tight degree of measurement,
G is acceleration of gravity,
H is the test thickness for being measured porous media.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. the present invention is simple in construction, cost is low, easy to operate, is easy to make and repairs, and is particularly suitable for measurement with higher
The in-plane permeability of the polytype porous media (including fiber multihole medium and particle porous medium) of compressibility.
2. the height of the upper yardstick axle of regulation and platen is that can obtain the porous media under different-thickness, so as to change porous Jie
The thickness parameter and compression ratio of matter, be measured in measurement process porous media compression ratio can continuous precision it is adjustable, so as to
Enough obtain porous media permeability and compression ratio according to becoming relation.
3. fixing the upper and lower pad of silicon rubber system of measured porous media can be brought into close contact with porous media, effectively
Prevent the side leakage that liquid is measured on thickness direction.
4. the pressure difference for being measured porous media is characterized using the change of the waterpower impetus, accuracy is high, more convenient, has saved survey
Try cost.
5. exhaust liquid and the ethanol water and glycerin solution for measuring the special proportioning that liquid is obtained using experimental study,
Ensure to be measured the single-phase saturation of porous media, eliminate the interference of other fluids, measurement result is more accurate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of upper yardstick axle and platen.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of lower yardstick axle.
In figure：1 graduated cylinder, 2 ball valves, 3 telescoping tubes, yardstick axle on 4,5 times yardstick axles, 6 pedestals, 7 yardsticks lock, 8 platens, 9 by
Survey porous media, 10 Upper gaskets, 11 lower gaskets, 12 external screw threads, 13 internal thread through hole, 14 scale axles, 15 external screw threads, 16 hollow tubes
Road, 17 external screw threads, 18 internal threads.
Embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of measurement apparatus and method of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability, for careful
The permeability in the case of the compression ratio and the corresponding compression ratio of measurement of porous media is adjusted, is 40% using mass fraction
Ethanol water impregnating porous medium is vented, and ensures single-phase saturation；Different pressures are accurately and continuously measured by the measurement apparatus
The permeability of porous media under shrinkage；And the different magnitude permeabilities of measurement porous media when using different formulations measurement liquid
And measurement apparatus.
The structure of the present invention is described in further detail with specific example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but can not be come with this
Limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the measurement apparatus of diagram compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability includes graduated cylinder 1, ball valve
2nd, telescoping tube 3, upper yardstick axle 4, lower yardstick axle 5, platen 8, yardstick lock 7 and pedestal 6.
The pedestal 6 is the bow member erect, and provided with raised test desk, top is provided with through hole for bottom.
Referring to Fig. 2, the upper yardstick axle 4 be coaxially fixedly connected with the scale axle 14 of a tubulose by a hollow pipe fitting and
Into.The external diameter of the hollow pipe fitting is 8mm, length 135mm, and the internal diameter provided with axial direction is 6.5mm interior conduit 16, and this is hollow
The lower end of pipe fitting periphery is provided with one section of external screw thread 12, and the top of periphery is provided with one section of external screw thread 15.The internal diameter of the scale axle 14
For 9mm, more than the external diameter of the hollow pipe fitting, the scale axle 14 is connected at the external screw thread 15 on the hollow pipe fitting top, inwall
The interlayer tube chamber of upper end closed is formed between the external screw thread 15 on the hollow pipe fitting top, the external diameter of the scale axle 14 is
10.25mm, length 51mm.
Referring to Fig. 3, the lower yardstick axle 5 is tubular element, and internal diameter 8mm, external diameter 18mm, length 55mm, its
Bottom is provided with the external screw thread 17 that length is 5mm, pitch 0.5mm, external diameter are 16mm, so as to which the top with the pedestal 6 leads to
Cross the connection that is screwed.Closed between the upper yardstick axle 4 and lower yardstick axle 5 by threaded engagement, the top of the lower yardstick axle 5 is stretched
In the interlayer tube chamber for entering the upper yardstick axle 4, the inner tubal wall of lower yardstick axle 5 is provided with internal thread 18, and in the upper yardstick 4
The external screw thread 15 on blank pipe part top connects, and pitch is 0.5mm.The hollow pipe fitting of the upper yardstick axle 4 is passed through on the pedestal 6
The through hole in portion, the lower yardstick axle 5 are fixed, and yardstick axle 4 can be on the lower yardstick axle 5 along axle by the rotation of screw thread on this
To moving up and down carry out screw.
Referring to Fig. 2, the center of the platen 8 is provided with internal thread through hole 13, the external screw thread with the upper lower end of yardstick axle 4
12 connections, and pitch is 0.5mm.Referring to Fig. 1, the platen 8 lower surface and the pedestal 6 test desk upper table
Face is parallel relative and has respectively posted Upper gasket 10 and lower gasket 11, and the measured porous media 9 is flatly placed on described
Between pad 10 and lower gasket 11.
The measured porous media 9 is the smooth cylinder of both ends of the surface, and diameter comes true according to the scope for surveying permeability
It is fixed.The Upper gasket 10 and lower gasket 11 are the silicone rubber material plectane of low compression deformation, and transparent and compression is small, and its is straight
Footpath is identical with the diameter of measured porous media 9, and porous media 9 can be measured with this and is brought into close contact, tested so as to fix
The upper and lower ends face of porous media 9 is measured, and prevents that measure liquid is sent out by the thickness direction of the measured porous media 9
Raw side leakage.
Described platen 8 is using the transparent material or trnaslucent materials for being easy to observation, and such as organic glass system is into it is pressurized not
Deformation is simultaneously it is observed that the measured whether single-phase saturation of porous media 9.The diameter and the pedestal 6 of the platen 8
Test desk diameter it is identical with the diameter of the measured porous media 9.
Described upper yardstick axle 4 and lower yardstick axle 5 are that stainless steel material is made, corrosion-resistant.The quarter of the upper yardstick axle 4
The bottom for spending the outer wall of axle 14 is provided with the graduation mark in ring week, circumference is divided into 50 deciles, the lower edge of the scale axle 14, i.e. institute
The lower edge for stating yardstick axle 4 is the scale datum line of yardstick axle 4 on this, with the screw of yardstick axle 4 on this, ring week
Graduation mark also rotates, because the pitch of external screw thread 15 and internal thread 18 is 0.5mm, so whenever upper yardstick axle 4 rotates a circle
When, the platen 8 advances or retreated 0.5 millimeter of a pitch.Quarter vertically is provided with the outer tube wall of the lower yardstick axle 5
Line is spent, sees Fig. 1, centre is a vertical curve, i.e., the scale datum line of described lower yardstick axle 5, and the left and right of this line respectively has between a row
Away from the graduation mark for 1 millimeter, the centre of the lucky two adjacent graduation marks on the right of graduation mark on the left side.During measurement, with the lower chi
The scale value of the upper yardstick axle 4, then the scale benchmark with the upper yardstick axle 4 are read on the basis of the scale datum line of degree axle 5
The scale value of the lower yardstick axle 5 is read on the basis of line, on this yardstick axle scale value be added with lower yardstick axle scale value and, i.e.,
To be measured the thickness of porous media 9.
Referring to Fig. 1, the yardstick lock 7 is placed in the top of the pedestal 6, foundation needs upper yardstick described in locked and fixed
Axle 4, to prevent the movement of yardstick axle 4 on this from causing measurement error.
The graduated cylinder 1 is fixed on suitable height using fixed mount, the graduated cylinder 1 to accommodate the cylindrical vessel of measurement liquid
Be made using transparent or semitransparent material, can the externally clear measurement liquid liquid level change, the outer peripheral face of the graduated cylinder 1
Provided with the graduation mark for showing the measurement liquid surplus change.The graduated cylinder 1 is sequentially connected the ball valve 2, telescoping tube 3 and upper yardstick
Axle 4 and respectively sealing coordinate.Pass through screw thread point between described graduated cylinder 1 and ball valve 2 and between ball valve 2 and telescoping tube 3
Do not connect, wherein, the external diameter of the ball valve 2 is 16mm, upper-end inner diameter 12mm, bottom diameter 14mm, and upper and lower ends are respectively set
There is the internal thread of the 0.5mm pitch of one section of 5mm length, be connected respectively with the graduated cylinder 1 and telescoping tube 3；The internal diameter of the graduated cylinder 1 is
50mm, external diameter 54mm, length 305mm, lower end are provided with long 5mm interface, and the external diameter of the interface is 12mm, internal diameter 8mm,
Periphery is provided with the external screw thread that the pitch being connected with the upper end of ball valve 2 is 0.5mm；The telescoping tube 3 is that length is adjustable
Pipeline, its external diameter are equal to the internal diameter of the lower end of ball valve 2, are 14mm, and upper end is provided with the pitch being connected with the ball valve 2 and is
0.5mm external screw thread, the internal diameter of the telescoping tube 3 are equal to the external diameter of the upper yardstick axle 4, are 10mm, its lower end and the upper chi
Pass through special joint and clamp connection between degree axle 4.
The inner chamber of the graduated cylinder 1, the inner chamber of ball valve 2, the interior conduit 16 of the inner chamber of telescoping tube 3 and upper yardstick axle 4 form institute
The passage that measurement liquid is flowed to the measured porous media of the downside of platen 8 by the graduated cylinder 1 is stated, the measurement liquid is accurately flowed into
The center of the measured porous media 9.
It is described measurement liquid use ethanol mass fraction for 40% aqueous solution or glycerine mass fraction be 80% it is water-soluble
Liquid, ensure to be measured the single-phase flow of porous media 9, exclude the interference of other fluids.During work, measurement liquid is stored in the amount
In cylinder 1, the center for being measured porous media 9 is accurately flowed into through the passage, then pass radially through in the measured interior edge of porous media 9
Flowed out after its radius.Before measuring, the aqueous solution that ethanol mass fraction is 40% is also act as being vented liquid.
The described lower section of pedestal 6 is placed with measurement liquid and connects disk, and it is round plastic box that the measurement liquid, which connects disk, and diameter is more than described
The diameter of pedestal 6, box inner surface is smooth and surface is horizontal.
The foundation that the present invention is tested is that Darcy laws derive formula：
During present invention work, measured porous media is fixed using upper yardstick axle and platen, and is compressed measured porous
For medium to the compression ratio that measures of needs, graduated cylinder, ball valve, the interior conduit of telescoping tube and upper yardstick axle form the pipe of measurement liquid stream warp
Road, the center for being measured porous media, completely leaching can accurately be flowed into along above-mentioned pipeline under gravity by then measuring liquid
Profit flows out after being measured porous media from the radial edges of measured porous media, with reference to the change (h of graduated cylinder upper liquid position1, h2)、
Time of measuring (Δ t) and other given datas (μ, a, the R that this process is undergoneSample, RChi, H, ρ, g) and it can obtain the compression
The saturated permeability in porous media plane on direction is measured under rate.
The foundation that the present invention is tested is the derivation formula of the planar radial seepage flow of Darcy laws：
Flow model generally use Darcy laws in porous media, Darcy laws mainly describe newton in porous media
The flow behavior of fluid, show to flow through the measurement liquid volume flow (Q) of tested medium side surface and tested Jie in time per unit
Matter thickness (H), upper yardstick axle interior conduit internal diameter (RChi) and tested medium in pressure difference (Δ P) it is directly proportional, with tested medium radius
(RSample) and viscosity (μ) be inversely proportional；Proportional coefficient K is defined as the permeability of tested medium.
During the measurement apparatus work, the height of the upper yardstick axle 4 of rotation regulation and platen 8 can obtain under different-thickness
Porous media 9 is measured, so as to change the thickness parameter and compression ratio of measured porous media 9, obtains needing the compression measured
Rate (compression ratio=being measured the thickness reduction of porous media 9/is measured the original thickness of porous media 9), measurement liquid can be in weight
Accurately flowed into along the interior conduit 16 of graduated cylinder 1, ball valve 2, telescoping tube 3 and upper yardstick axle 4 in the presence of power and be measured porous media 9
Center, complete wetting flows out after being measured porous media 9 from the radial side of measured porous media 9, this certain time (Δ
T) pressure difference (Δ P) in measurement liquid volume flow (Q) and measured porous media 9 changes (h with the liquid level in graduated cylinder 11,
h2) relevant, above-mentioned relation is substituted into, the foundation that the present invention is obtained by calculus form derives formula：
Together with other given datas (μ, a, the R of this processSample, RChi, H, ρ, g) can obtain under the compression ratio be measured it is more
Directional permeability (K) in the face of hole medium 9.
During permeability survey, measurement liquid selects ethanol water or glycerin solution, using above-mentioned weight-driven
Head pressuring method, measuring method comprise the following steps that：
First, prepare before measurement.
1) aqueous solution that enough ethanol mass fractions are 40% and the water that glycerine mass fraction is 80% are allocated respectively
Solution, wherein used water is de aerated water when should be noted that allotment.
2) substantially determine to be measured the permeability order magnitude range where porous media 9, thereby determine that the survey used during measurement
Formula of liquid and the diameter dimension of corresponding apparatus structure scheme, Upper gasket 10 and lower gasket 11 are measured, according to the size of lower gasket 11
The measured porous media 9 is cut, repeatedly the thickness of the measured porous media 9 of measurement, taken caulocarpic flat
Average is original thickness.
3) using ethanol mass fraction be 40% the aqueous solution or acetone equal solvent by graduated cylinder 1, ball valve 2, telescoping tube 3, on
Oily matter on yardstick axle 4, platen 8, pedestal 6, yardstick lock 7, Upper gasket 10 and the surface of lower gasket 11 and interior conduit rinses
Totally, dry, connect each several part component according to structure shown in Fig. 1, junction encapsulation process, assemble and install the compression ratio
The measurement apparatus of adjustable type porous media plane permeability.
4) Upper gasket 10 and lower gasket 11 are separately fixed on platen 8 and pedestal 6, then placed between two pieces of pads
The measured porous media 9；The height of the upper yardstick axle 4 of rotation regulation and platen 8, is close to Upper gasket 10 and lower gasket 11
The measured porous media 9, it is determined that the test thickness of the measured porous media 9, so that it is determined that measured institute
State porous media 9 test compression rate (thickness reduction of the porous media 9 of compression ratio=measured/measured it is described
The original thickness of porous media 9).
2nd, it is vented
Ball valve 2 is opened, the aqueous solution that enough ethanol mass fractions are 40% is poured into and is used as exhaust liquid, exhaust liquid is flowed successively
Graduated cylinder 1, ball valve 2, telescoping tube 3, the interior conduit 16 of upper yardstick axle 4 are crossed, it is accurate to flow into the measured central point of the porous media 9
Diameter 6.5mm in the range of, flowed out after the measured interior edge of the porous media 9 passes radially through medium radius；Continue
Pour into measurement liquid, when seepage flow liquid complete wetting be measured porous media 9 after (can at transparent platen 8 and
Bubble-free is remained to judge at side medium Skin Exit), exhaust liquid is poured into stopping；De aerated water is poured into again, during one section of flushing pipe
Between, close ball valve 2.
3rd, measurement data, and calculate permeability.
1) (the measurement liquid volume flow (Q) that the measured side surface of porous media 9 is flowed through in Δ t) can for certain time of measuring
To change (h by liquid level in graduated cylinder 11, h2) being multiplied by the inner tube area (a) of graduated cylinder 1 divided by time of measuring, (Δ t) is obtained.
2) the inner tube area (a) of graduated cylinder 1 can be multiplied by π according to the internal diameter square of graduated cylinder 1 and obtain.
3) internal diameter (R of interior conduit 16 of yardstick axle 4 onChi) it is 3.25mm, it is measured the radius (R of porous media 9Sample)25mm。
4) being measured the test thickness (H) of porous media 9 can be added to obtain by the scale value of upper and lower yardstick axle, pronunciation
It is as follows：The scale value of the upper yardstick axle 4 is read on the basis of the scale datum line of the lower yardstick axle 5, then with the upper chi
The scale value of the lower yardstick axle 5 is read on the basis of the scale datum line of degree axle 4, yardstick axle scale value is carved with lower yardstick axle on this
The sum that angle value is added, as it is measured the test thickness (H) of porous media.
5) consulting literatures obtain, and measurement fluid viscosity (μ), the liquid-tight degree (ρ) of measurement, acceleration of gravity (g) is known.
6) numerical value of above-mentioned physical quantity is substituted into the derivation formula of the planar radial seepage flow of Darcy laws：
Plane permeability (K) of the measured porous media 9 under test compression rate can be tried to achieve.
In formula,
K is the plane permeability for being measured porous media,
A is the sectional area of the inner chamber of graduated cylinder,
RSampleTo be measured the radius of porous media,
RChiFor the internal diameter of the interior conduit of upper yardstick axle,
Δ t is time of measuring,
h1The liquid level of liquid is measured when starting for time of measuring in graduated cylinder,
h2The liquid level of liquid is measured at the end of for time of measuring in graduated cylinder,
μ is measurement fluid viscosity,
ρ is the liquid-tight degree of measurement,
G is acceleration of gravity,
H is the test thickness for being measured porous media.
In above-mentioned steps, for the measured porous media 9 in the range of low-permeability, ethanol matter can be used
The aqueous solution that fraction is 40% is measured as measurement liquid, while changes the method for specimen finish, flow tube internal diameter and graduated cylinder internal diameter to adjust
It is whole, device is suitable to the permeability range；Ethanol can be used for the measured porous media 9 of middle permeability range
The aqueous solution that mass fraction is 40% is as measurement liquid；Can be with for the measured porous media 9 of high permeability scope
The aqueous solution that glycerine mass fraction is 80% is used to be used as measurement liquid.
Application examples：
Permeability survey has been carried out to the GFD-4.6 graphite felts of SGL companies using measurement apparatus of the present invention.Actual measurement examination
Sample is thickness 4.6mm, diameter 50mm disc-shaped carbon felt, and measurement liquid uses ethanol mass fraction as 40% aqueous solution, temperature
For 20 DEG C, the ethanol water density is 0.935gcm3, viscosity 2.91mPas.As shown in the following chart, remove listed in table
Several different typical compression rates (taking thickness and a difference to be intended merely to conveniently compare in table), then carry out permeability survey
Amount.Experiment results proved, the thickness under each compression ratio is available, at the same compression ratio from 0 to 57% between can be completely free
Ground adjusts.Measured three times under each compression ratio, average, obtain result of the test such as following table：
| Numbering | Sample original thickness mm | Sample testing thickness mm | Compression ratio % | Permeability Darcy |
| 1 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 2 | 90 |
| 2 | 4.6 | 4 | 13 | 65 |
| 3 | 4.6 | 3.5 | 24 | 46 |
| 4 | 4.6 | 3 | 35 | 39 |
| 5 | 4.6 | 2.5 | 46 | 35 |
| 6 | 4.6 | 2 | 57 | 20 |
The matching degree for the GFD-4.6 graphite felt Permeability Parameters that result of the test provides with SGL companies is very high.Therefore, originally
The accurate measurement of porous media plane permeability under different compression ratios can be carried out by inventing the measuring method and device.
It should be appreciated that to those skilled in the art, the above can be equal or equivalent be changed
Enter or change, and all these improvements and changes should all belong to protection domain of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. measurement apparatus of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability, it is characterised in that：The measurement apparatus bag Include graduated cylinder, ball valve, telescoping tube, upper yardstick axle, lower yardstick axle, platen and pedestal；The upper yardstick axle is coaxially formed by fixedly connecting by the scale axle of a hollow pipe fitting and a tubulose, and the hollow pipe fitting is provided with The interior conduit and the lower end of periphery and top of axial direction are respectively provided with one section of external screw thread, and the internal diameter of the scale axle is more than the hollow pipe fitting External diameter, be connected at the external screw thread on the hollow pipe fitting top, the inwall of the scale axle and the hollow pipe fitting top it is outer The interlayer tube chamber of upper end closed is formed between screw thread, the bottom of the scale axle outer wall is provided with the graduation mark in ring week；The pedestal is the bow member erect, and bottom is provided with test desk, and top is provided with through hole；The lower yardstick axle is tubular element, and its bottom is fixedly connected with the top of the pedestal, and the upper chi is stretched on top Spend in the interlayer tube chamber of axle, the inner tubal wall of the lower yardstick axle is provided with internal thread and the hollow pipe fitting top of the upper yardstick axle External screw thread connects, and the hollow pipe fitting of the upper yardstick axle passes through the through hole on the pedestal top, and yardstick axle passes through spiral shell on this The rotation of line can move up and down vertically on the lower yardstick axle, be provided with vertically on the outer tube wall of the lower yardstick axle Graduation mark；The center of the platen is provided with tapped through hole and is connected on the external screw thread of the upper yardstick axle lower end, the following table of the platen Face is parallel with the upper surface of the test desk of the pedestal relative and has respectively posted pad, and the measured porous media is placed in institute State between pad；For the graduated cylinder to accommodate the cylindrical vessel of measurement liquid, outer peripheral face is provided with the scale for showing the measurement liquid surplus change Line, the graduated cylinder are sequentially connected the ball valve, telescoping tube and upper yardstick axle, and the inner chamber of the graduated cylinder, the inner chamber, flexible of ball valve The interior conduit of the inner chamber of the pipe and upper yardstick axle composition measurement liquid is flowed to measured more on the downside of the platen by the graduated cylinder The passage of hole medium.
- 2. the measurement apparatus of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： Distinguished between described graduated cylinder and ball valve, between ball valve and telescoping tube and between the pedestal and lower yardstick axle by screw thread Connection, passes through joint and clamp connection between the telescoping tube and upper yardstick axle.
- 3. the measurement apparatus of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： Described graduated cylinder and platen are made of the transparent material or trnaslucent materials for being easy to observation.
- 4. the measurement apparatus of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： Described pad is made of transparent and small compression silicon rubber.
- 5. the measurement apparatus of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： The top of described pedestal is provided with to lock the yardstick lock of the upper yardstick axle.
- 6. the measurement apparatus of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： Described graduated cylinder is fixed on suitable height using fixed mount.
- 7. the measurement apparatus of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： Described upper yardstick axle and lower yardstick axle are made of stainless steel material.
- 8. the measurement apparatus of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： Measurement liquid is placed with below described pedestal and connects disk, it is plastic casing that the measurement liquid, which connects disk, and diameter is more than the diameter of the pedestal.
- 9. the measurement apparatus of compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： Described measurement liquid is ethanol water or glycerin solution.
- 10. a kind of measuring method for the porous media plane permeability realized by measurement apparatus described in claim 1, its feature It is：Methods described comprises the following specific steps that：First, prepare before measurement1) using de aerated water allotment exhaust liquid and measurement liquid；2) cut and be measured porous media, measure and determine to be measured the original thickness of porous media；3) using alcohol or acetone solvent by the graduated cylinder, ball valve, telescoping tube, upper yardstick axle, lower yardstick axle, platen, pedestal, on Pad and lower gasket clean up, and are assembled after drying and install the measurement of the compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability Device；4) placed between the Upper gasket and lower gasket and be measured porous media, rotation adjusts the upper yardstick axle and platen Highly, it is close to the Upper gasket and lower gasket and compresses measured porous media, measurement obtains the survey for being measured porous media Thickness is tried, calculates the test compression rate for determining to be measured porous media according to the following formula：Test compression rate=be measured porous media thickness reduction/original thickness,It is measured porous media decrement=original thickness-test thickness；The thickness for being measured porous media obtains in following manner：The scale value of the upper yardstick axle is read on the basis of the scale datum line of the lower yardstick axle, then with the upper yardstick axle Scale datum line on the basis of read the scale value of the lower yardstick axle, yardstick axle scale value and lower yardstick axle scale value phase on this The sum added, as it is measured the thickness of porous media；2nd, it is ventedThe ball valve is opened, exhaust liquid is persistently poured into the graduated cylinder, exhaust liquid is flowed successively through graduated cylinder, ball valve, telescoping tube With upper yardstick axle, the center for being measured porous media is flowed into, then flowed after radially flowing through the radius of measured porous media Go out, observe at the platen and bubble-free remains at the side surface of measured porous media, you can confirm that exhaust liquid is complete Full infiltration is measured porous media, and exhaust liquid is poured into stopping；3rd, measurement data and acquisition permeability is calculated1) by observing the graduation mark on the graduated cylinder, it is recorded in the interior survey of the graduated cylinder at the beginning and end of certain time of measuring Measure the liquid level of liquid；2) measurement fluid viscosity is consulted according to the measurement liquid and measures liquid-tight degree；3) the plane permeability that porous media is measured under conditions of the test compression rate is calculated according to following equation：Wherein,K is the plane permeability for being measured porous media,A is the sectional area of the inner chamber of graduated cylinder,RSampleTo be measured the radius of porous media,RChiFor the internal diameter of the interior conduit of upper yardstick axle,Δ t is time of measuring,h1The liquid level of liquid is measured when starting for time of measuring in graduated cylinder,h2The liquid level of liquid is measured at the end of for time of measuring in graduated cylinder,μ is measurement fluid viscosity,ρ is the liquid-tight degree of measurement,G is acceleration of gravity,H is the test thickness for being measured porous media.
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| CN107502761B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-05-14 | 江西理工大学 | A kind of acceleration permeability apparatus suitable for ion type rareearth mine in_situ leaching |
| CN113776750A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-10 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Leakage quantity testing device capable of adjusting compression quantity for elastic metal sealing |
Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2003247372A8 (en) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-09-09 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Method and device for evaluating physical parameters of an underground deposit from rock cuttings sampled therein |
| CN1570602A (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2005-01-26 | 法国石油研究所 | Method and device for evaluating physical parameters of an underground reservoir from rock cuttings taken therefrom |
| CN101995373A (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-03-30 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学所 | Method and device for measuring pore volume change of porous medium |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2003247372A8 (en) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-09-09 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Method and device for evaluating physical parameters of an underground deposit from rock cuttings sampled therein |
| CN1570602A (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2005-01-26 | 法国石油研究所 | Method and device for evaluating physical parameters of an underground reservoir from rock cuttings taken therefrom |
| CN101995373A (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-03-30 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学所 | Method and device for measuring pore volume change of porous medium |
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