CN105466834A - Compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability measurement device and method - Google Patents
Compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability measurement device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- CMDGQTVYVAKDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,2,3-triol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OCC(O)CO CMDGQTVYVAKDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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Abstract
The invention provides a compression ratio adjustable type porous media plane permeability measurement device and method. The measurement device comprises a measuring cylinder, a ball valve, an extension tube, an upper scale shaft, a lower scale shaft, a pressure plate and a base, wherein the lower surface of the pressure plate and the upper surface of a measuring table of the base are opposite in parallel and are respectively provided with gaskets in an attaching manner, porous media to be measured are arranged among the gaskets, the measuring cylinder is connected with the ball valve, the extension tube and the upper scale shaft in sequence, and an inner cavity of the measuring cylinder, an inner cavity of the ball valve, an inner cavity of the extension tube and an inner pipe of the upper scale shaft form a passage in which measuring liquid flows to the porous media to be measured at the downside of the pressure plate from the mearing cylinder; the upper scale shaft and the pressure plate compress the porous media to be measured to reach the compression ratio needing to be measured, the measuring liquid flows into the center of the porous media to be measured under the action of gravity, and flows out from a radial edge after the porous media to be measured is fully soaked, and the saturated permeability of porous media to be measured in the plane direction under the compression ratio is obtained by combining changes of liquid level of the measuring cylinder, measuring time and other data. The measurement device and method provided by the invention is simple in structure, convenient in operation, high in accuracy, and can be used for measuring the porous media plane permeability under different compression ratios.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material performance testing, in particular to a device and a method for measuring plane permeability of porous media with adjustable compression ratios, which are used for testing the permeability of the porous media in the plane direction under the condition of different compression ratios.
Background
Porous media are widely used in the production and life of nature and human beings. At present, various types of porous medium materials are increasingly applied to various fields such as energy, materials, chemical industry, environmental science, biotechnology, bionics, medicine, agriculture and the like. Permeability, an important basic property of porous media, is an important parameter that characterizes the ability of a fluid to pass through. Due to the complexity and diversity of porous media in terms of void size, structure, the exact numerical value of permeability is often measured experimentally. In practical applications, the porous medium material is often in a compressed state to generate deformation, and the deformation degree of the porous medium is generally expressed by a compression ratio, which is the compression amount of the thickness of the porous medium sample/the original thickness of the sample, and the influence on the permeability is very significant. Therefore, the method and the device for testing the permeability of the porous medium under the conditions of different compression ratios, which are accurate and convenient to construct, have important significance for realizing the deep research and the optimized use of the porous medium.
The conventional common method and device for measuring the permeability of the porous medium mainly have the following problems:
1. the method is too complicated, the device volume is too large, and errors are easy to generate in experiments;
2. most of the measuring methods and devices are suitable for particle porous media, are not suitable for fiber porous media or can generate larger errors;
3. most measurement methods and devices are suitable for thick and hard porous media, are not suitable for thin and soft porous media or generate large errors;
4. the compression ratio of the porous medium to be measured can not be accurately and continuously adjusted;
5. in the measuring process, the porous medium is not completely filled with the measuring liquid, so that the measured permeability result is inaccurate;
6. the permeability measuring device can only be suitable for permeability within a specified range of the measuring device, and cannot measure permeability within different magnitude ranges or can generate larger errors;
7. the existing method and device mainly aim at measuring the internal permeability of the porous medium in the thickness direction, and the devices for testing the internal permeability of the porous medium in the plane direction are fewer;
therefore, there is a need for an accurate and convenient method and related device for measuring the permeability of porous media with different thicknesses in the plane direction, which is applicable to a wide range of permeability and can finely adjust the compressibility of the porous media.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a measuring device and a measuring method for the plane permeability of porous media with adjustable compression ratios, which can finely adjust the compression ratio of the measured porous media, thereby measuring the plane permeability under the condition of corresponding compression ratios and achieving the effects of simple structure, low cost and simple operation of the device.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a measuring device of porous medium plane permeability that compression ratio is adjustable which characterized in that: the measuring device comprises a measuring cylinder, a ball valve, a telescopic pipe, an upper scale shaft, a lower scale shaft, a pressure plate and a base;
the upper scale shaft is formed by coaxially and fixedly connecting a hollow pipe fitting and a tubular scale shaft, the hollow pipe fitting is provided with an axial inner pipeline, the lower end and the upper part of the periphery of the hollow pipe fitting are respectively provided with a section of external thread, the inner diameter of the scale shaft is larger than the outer diameter of the hollow pipe fitting and is connected to the external thread on the upper part of the hollow pipe fitting, an interlayer pipe cavity with a closed upper end is formed between the inner wall of the scale shaft and the external thread on the upper part of the hollow pipe fitting, and the lower end part of the outer wall of the scale shaft is provided with;
the base is a vertical arched component, the lower part of the base is provided with a measuring table, and the upper part of the base is provided with a through hole;
the lower scale shaft is a tubular component, the lower end part of the lower scale shaft is fixedly connected with the upper part of the base, the upper part of the lower scale shaft extends into the interlayer tube cavity of the upper scale shaft, the inner wall of the lower scale shaft is provided with internal threads which are connected with the external threads on the upper part of the hollow pipe fitting of the upper scale shaft, the hollow pipe fitting of the upper scale shaft penetrates through the through hole on the upper part of the base, the upper scale shaft can move up and down on the lower scale shaft along the axial direction through the rotation of the threads, and the outer wall of the lower scale shaft is provided with scale marks along the axial direction;
the center of the pressure plate is provided with a threaded through hole and is connected to the external thread at the lower end of the upper scale shaft, the lower surface of the pressure plate and the upper surface of the measuring table of the base are parallel and opposite, gaskets are respectively pasted on the lower surface of the pressure plate and the upper surface of the measuring table of the base, and the porous medium to be measured is arranged between the gaskets;
the measuring cylinder is a cylindrical container for containing measuring liquid, scale marks for displaying the residual change of the measuring liquid are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the measuring cylinder, the measuring cylinder is sequentially connected with the ball valve, the telescopic pipe and the upper scale shaft, and an inner cavity of the measuring cylinder, an inner cavity of the ball valve, an inner cavity of the telescopic pipe and an inner pipeline of the upper scale shaft form a channel for the measuring liquid to flow from the measuring cylinder to the measured porous medium on the lower side of the pressure plate.
As a further improvement, the measuring cylinder and the ball valve, the ball valve and the telescopic pipe and the base and the lower scale shaft are respectively connected through threads, and the telescopic pipe and the upper scale shaft are connected through a joint and a clamp.
As a further improvement, the measuring cylinder and the pressure plate are made of transparent materials or semitransparent materials which are convenient to observe.
As a further improvement, the gasket is made of transparent silicon rubber with small compression deformation.
As a further improvement, the upper part of the base is provided with a dimension lock for locking the upper dimension shaft.
As a further improvement, the measuring cylinder is fixed at a proper height by adopting a fixing frame.
As a further improvement, the upper scale shaft and the lower scale shaft are made of stainless steel materials.
As a further improvement, a measuring liquid receiving disc is arranged below the base, and the measuring liquid receiving disc is a plastic box and has a diameter larger than that of the base.
As a further improvement, the exhaust liquid and the measuring liquid are ethanol aqueous solution or glycerol aqueous solution.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for measuring the plane permeability of a porous medium by the measuring device comprises the following specific steps:
preparation before measurement
1) Preparing exhaust liquid and measuring liquid by using degassed water;
2) cutting the measured porous medium, measuring and determining the original thickness of the measured porous medium;
3) cleaning the measuring cylinder, the ball valve, the telescopic pipe, the upper scale shaft, the lower scale shaft, the pressure plate, the base, the upper gasket and the lower gasket by using alcohol or acetone solvent, and assembling and installing the measuring device for the plane permeability of the porous medium with the adjustable compression rate after drying;
4) placing a measured porous medium between the upper gasket and the lower gasket, rotationally adjusting the heights of the upper scale shaft and the pressure plate to enable the upper gasket and the lower gasket to be tightly attached to and compress the measured porous medium, measuring to obtain the test thickness of the measured porous medium, and calculating and determining the test compression ratio of the measured porous medium according to the following formula:
test compressibility is measured as the amount of porous media thickness compression/original thickness,
measuring the compression amount of the porous medium, namely the original thickness-test thickness;
the thickness of the porous medium to be measured is obtained by the following method:
reading the scale value of the upper scale axis by taking the scale datum line of the lower scale axis as a reference, and reading the scale value of the lower scale axis by taking the scale datum line of the upper scale axis as a reference, wherein the sum of the scale value of the upper scale axis and the scale value of the lower scale axis is the thickness of the measured porous medium;
second, exhaust
Opening the ball valve, continuously pouring exhaust liquid into the measuring cylinder, enabling the exhaust liquid to sequentially flow through the measuring cylinder, the ball valve, the telescopic pipe and the upper scale shaft, flow into the center of the measured porous medium, flow out after flowing through the radius range of the measured porous medium along the radial direction, observing that no bubble remains at the pressure plate and the side surface of the measured porous medium, namely confirming that the exhaust liquid completely infiltrates the measured porous medium, and stopping pouring the exhaust liquid;
measuring data and calculating to obtain permeability
1) Recording the liquid level height of the measuring liquid in the measuring cylinder at the beginning and the end of a certain measuring time by observing scale marks on the measuring cylinder;
2) looking up the viscosity and density of the measured liquid according to the measured liquid;
3) calculating the plane permeability of the measured porous medium under the condition of the test compressibility according to the following formula:
wherein,
k is the planar permeability of the porous medium being measured,
a is the sectional area of the inner cavity of the measuring cylinder,
Rsample (A)In order to measure the radius of the porous medium,
RrulerThe inner diameter of the inner conduit of the upper scale shaft,
at is the time of the measurement,
h1in order to measure the liquid level of the measuring liquid in the measuring cylinder at the beginning of the measuring time,
h2in order to measure the level of the liquid in the measuring cylinder at the end of the measuring time,
mu is the viscosity of the measuring liquid,
p is the density of the measured liquid,
g is the acceleration of gravity and the acceleration of gravity,
h is the test thickness of the porous media being measured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention has simple structure, low cost, convenient operation, easy manufacture and maintenance, and is particularly suitable for measuring the permeability of various porous media (including fiber porous media and particle porous media) with higher compressibility in the plane direction.
2. The porous media with different thicknesses can be obtained by adjusting the heights of the upper scale shaft and the pressure plate, so that the thickness parameter and the compression ratio of the porous media are changed, the compression ratio of the measured porous media can be continuously, precisely and adjustably adjusted in the measuring process, and the dependency relationship between the permeability and the compression ratio of the porous media can be obtained.
3. The upper and lower gaskets made of silicon rubber for fixing the measured porous medium can be tightly attached to the porous medium, so that the side leakage of the measurement liquid in the thickness direction is effectively prevented.
4. The pressure difference of the measured porous medium is represented by using the hydraulic potential head change, so that the accuracy is high, the method is more convenient, and the test cost is saved.
5. The exhaust liquid and the measuring liquid are ethanol aqueous solution and glycerol aqueous solution with special proportion obtained by experimental research, so that the measured porous medium is ensured to be single-phase saturated, the interference of other fluids is eliminated, and the measuring result is more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the upper-scale shaft and the platen.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a lower-scale axis.
In the figure: 1 graduated flask, 2 ball valves, 3 flexible pipes, 4 last yardstick axles, 5 down yardstick axles, 6 bases, 7 yardstick locks, 8 pressure disks, 9 test porous medium, 10 last gasket, 11 lower gasket, 12 external screw threads, 13 internal thread through-holes, 14 scale axles, 15 external screw threads, 16 hollow pipelines, 17 external screw threads, 18 internal screw threads.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a measuring device and a measuring method for plane permeability of porous media with adjustable compression ratios, which are used for finely adjusting the compression ratios of the porous media and measuring the permeability under the condition of corresponding compression ratios, and the measuring device and the measuring method comprise the steps of infiltrating the porous media with 40% ethanol water solution by mass fraction for exhausting gas to ensure single-phase saturation; accurately and continuously measuring the permeability of the porous medium under different compressibility through the measuring device; and measuring liquids and measuring devices with different formulas are adopted when porous media with different magnitude permeabilities are measured.
The structure of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, a measuring apparatus for measuring planar permeability of porous media with adjustable compression rate is shown, which includes a measuring cylinder 1, a ball valve 2, a telescopic tube 3, an upper dimension shaft 4, a lower dimension shaft 5, a pressure plate 8, a dimension lock 7 and a base 6.
The base 6 is a vertical arched component, the lower part of the base is provided with a raised measuring table, and the upper part of the base is provided with a through hole.
Referring to fig. 2, the upper shaft 4 is formed by a hollow tube and a tubular scale shaft 14 which are coaxially and fixedly connected. The outer diameter of the hollow pipe fitting is 8mm, the length of the hollow pipe fitting is 135mm, the inner pipeline 16 with the axial inner diameter of 6.5mm is arranged, the lower end of the periphery of the hollow pipe fitting is provided with a section of external thread 12, and the upper portion of the periphery of the hollow pipe fitting is provided with a section of external thread 15. The inner diameter of the scale shaft 14 is 9mm and is larger than the outer diameter of the hollow pipe fitting, the scale shaft 14 is connected to an external thread 15 on the upper portion of the hollow pipe fitting, an interlayer pipe cavity with a closed upper end is formed between the inner wall and the external thread 15 on the upper portion of the hollow pipe fitting, the outer diameter of the scale shaft 14 is 10.25mm, and the length of the scale shaft is 51 mm.
Referring to fig. 3, the lower shaft 5 is a tubular member having an inner diameter of 8mm, an outer diameter of 18mm and a length of 55mm, and has an external thread 17 having a length of 5mm, a pitch of 0.5mm and an outer diameter of 16mm at a lower end thereof, so as to be fixedly coupled to the upper portion of the base 6 by means of the thread. The upper scale shaft 4 and the lower scale shaft 5 are connected through threads, the upper part of the lower scale shaft 5 extends into the interlayer pipe cavity of the upper scale shaft 4, internal threads 18 are arranged on the inner pipe wall of the lower scale shaft 5 and connected with external threads 15 on the upper part of the hollow pipe fitting of the upper scale shaft 4, and the thread pitches are all 0.5 mm. The hollow pipe fitting of the upper scale shaft 4 passes through a through hole at the upper part of the base 6, the lower scale shaft 5 is fixed, and the upper scale shaft 4 can move up and down along the shaft on the lower scale shaft 5 through the rotation of the screw thread to perform spiral motion.
Referring to fig. 2, the center of the pressure plate 8 is provided with an internal thread through hole 13 connected with an external thread 12 at the lower end of the upper shaft 4, and the thread pitches are all 0.5 mm. Referring to fig. 1, the lower surface of the platen 8 and the upper surface of the measuring table of the base 6 are parallel and opposed to each other, and an upper pad 10 and a lower pad 11 are respectively attached, and the porous medium 9 to be measured is horizontally placed between the upper pad 10 and the lower pad 11.
The measured porous medium 9 is a cylinder with two flat end faces, and the diameter is determined according to the range of the measured permeability. The upper gasket 10 and the lower gasket 11 are both silicon rubber circular plates with low compression deformation, are transparent and have small compression deformation, have the same diameter as that of the porous medium 9 to be measured, and can be tightly attached to the porous medium 9 to be measured, so that the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the porous medium 9 to be measured are fixed, and the measurement liquid is prevented from leaking laterally from the thickness direction of the porous medium 9 to be measured.
The pressure plate 8 is made of transparent material or semitransparent material convenient for observation, such as organic glass, and is not deformed under pressure, and whether the measured porous medium 9 is saturated in a single phase or not can be observed. The diameter of the platen 8 and the diameter of the measuring table of the base 6 are both the same as the diameter of the porous medium 9 to be measured.
The upper scale shaft 4 and the lower scale shaft 5 are both made of stainless steel materials and are corrosion-resistant. The lower end part of the outer wall of the scale shaft 14 of the upper scale shaft 4 is provided with a circumferential scale mark, the circumference is divided into 50 equal parts, the lower end edge of the scale shaft 14, namely the lower end edge of the upper scale shaft 4 is a scale reference line of the upper scale shaft 4, the circumferential scale mark also rotates along with the spiral motion of the upper scale shaft 4, and the thread pitch of the external thread 15 and the internal thread 18 is 0.5mm, so that when the upper scale shaft 4 rotates for one circle, the pressure plate 8 advances or retreats for one thread pitch of 0.5 mm. The outer pipe wall of the lower scale shaft 5 is provided with scale marks along the axial direction, as shown in fig. 1, the middle part is a vertical line, namely the scale reference line of the lower scale shaft 5, the left and right sides of the line are respectively provided with a row of scale marks with the interval of 1mm, and the scale mark on the left side is just in the middle of two adjacent scale marks on the right side. During measurement, the scale value of the upper scale shaft 4 is read by taking the scale reference line of the lower scale shaft 5 as a reference, and then the scale value of the lower scale shaft 5 is read by taking the scale reference line of the upper scale shaft 4 as a reference, wherein the sum of the scale value of the upper scale shaft and the scale value of the lower scale shaft is the thickness of the measured porous medium 9.
Referring to fig. 1, the dimension lock 7 is disposed on the upper portion of the base 6, and locks and fixes the upper dimension shaft 4 as required, so as to prevent measurement errors caused by movement of the upper dimension shaft 4.
The measuring cylinder 1 is a cylindrical container for containing measuring liquid, is fixed at a proper height by a fixing frame, is made of transparent or semitransparent materials, can clearly see the change of the liquid level of the measuring liquid from the outside, and is provided with scale marks for displaying the change of the residual amount of the measuring liquid on the outer peripheral surface of the measuring cylinder 1. The measuring cylinder 1 is sequentially connected with the ball valve 2, the telescopic pipe 3 and the upper scale shaft 4 and is respectively in sealing fit with the ball valve 2, the telescopic pipe 3 and the upper scale shaft 4. The measuring cylinder 1 and the ball valve 2 and the extension tube 3 are respectively connected through threads, wherein the outer diameter of the ball valve 2 is 16mm, the inner diameter of the upper end of the ball valve is 12mm, the inner diameter of the lower end of the ball valve is 14mm, and the upper end and the lower end of the ball valve are respectively provided with a section of internal thread with the length of 5mm and the screw pitch of 0.5mm and are respectively connected with the measuring cylinder 1 and the extension tube 3; the inner diameter of the measuring cylinder 1 is 50mm, the outer diameter of the measuring cylinder is 54mm, the length of the measuring cylinder is 305mm, the lower end of the measuring cylinder is provided with a connector with the length of 5mm, the outer diameter of the connector is 12mm, the inner diameter of the connector is 8mm, and the periphery of the connector is provided with an external thread connected with the upper end of the ball valve 2 and with the screw pitch of 0.5 mm; the telescopic pipe 3 is a pipe with adjustable length, the outer diameter of the telescopic pipe is equal to the inner diameter of the lower end of the ball valve 2 and is 14mm, the upper end of the telescopic pipe is provided with an external thread connected with the ball valve 2, the thread pitch of the external thread is 0.5mm, the inner diameter of the telescopic pipe 3 is equal to the outer diameter of the upper scale shaft 4 and is 10mm, and the lower end of the telescopic pipe is connected with the upper scale shaft 4 through a special joint and a clamp.
The inner cavity of the measuring cylinder 1, the inner cavity of the ball valve 2, the inner cavity of the telescopic pipe 3 and the inner pipeline 16 of the upper scale shaft 4 form a channel for the measuring liquid to flow from the measuring cylinder 1 to the measured porous medium on the lower side of the pressure plate 8, so that the measuring liquid accurately flows into the center of the measured porous medium 9.
The measuring solution adopts an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of ethanol being 40% or an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of glycerol being 80%, so that the single-phase flow of the measured porous medium 9 is ensured, and the interference of other fluids is eliminated. During operation, the measuring liquid is stored in the measuring cylinder 1, accurately flows into the center of the measured porous medium 9 through the channel, and then flows out after flowing through the radius range of the measured porous medium 9 along the radial direction. An aqueous solution with an ethanol mass fraction of 40% may also be used as an exhaust gas before measurement.
A measuring liquid receiving disc is arranged below the base 6, the measuring liquid receiving disc is a circular plastic box, the diameter of the measuring liquid receiving disc is larger than that of the base 6, and the inner surface of the box is smooth and level.
The basis for testing the invention is Darcy law derivation formula:
when the measuring device works, the measured porous medium is fixed by the upper scale shaft and the pressure plate, the measured porous medium is compressed to the compression ratio to be measured, the measuring cylinder, the ball valve, the telescopic pipe and the inner pipeline of the upper scale shaft form a pipeline through which measuring liquid flows, then the measuring liquid can accurately flow into the center of the measured porous medium along the pipeline under the action of gravity, completely infiltrate the measured porous medium and then flow out from the radial edge of the measured porous medium, and the change of the liquid level on the measuring cylinder is combined (h)1，h2) The measurement time (Δ t) over which this process has elapsed, and other known data (μ, a, R)Sample (A)，RRulerH, rho, g) to obtain the saturation permeability of the measured porous medium in the in-plane direction under the compressibility.
The basis for testing of the invention is the derivation formula of the planar radial seepage of Darcy law:
flow patterns in porous media are generally modeled using Darcy's law, which primarily describes the flow behavior of Newtonian fluids in porous media, indicating measurements per unit time of flow across the side surface of the measured mediaMeasuring liquid volumetric flow rate (Q), measured medium thickness (H) and inner diameter (R) of upper-scale axial inner pipelineRuler) Proportional to the pressure difference (delta P) in the measured medium, and to the radius (R) of the measured mediumSample (A)) Inversely proportional to viscosity (μ); the proportionality coefficient K is defined as the permeability of the measured medium.
When the measuring device works, the heights of the upper scale shaft 4 and the pressure plate 8 are rotationally adjusted to obtain the measured porous medium 9 with different thicknesses, so that the thickness parameter and the compression ratio of the measured porous medium 9 are changed, the compression ratio (the compression ratio is the thickness compression amount of the measured porous medium 9/the original thickness of the measured porous medium 9) to be measured is obtained, the measuring liquid can accurately flow into the center of the measured porous medium 9 along the measuring cylinder 1, the ball valve 2, the extension pipe 3 and the inner pipeline 16 of the upper scale shaft 4 under the action of gravity, the measuring liquid completely infiltrates the measured porous medium 9 and then flows out from the radial side face of the measured porous medium 9, and the volume flow (Q) of the measuring liquid and the differential pressure (delta P) in the measured porous medium 9 in a certain time (delta t) and the liquid level change (h) in the measuring cylinder 11，h2) In relation to this, the above relationship is substituted into the formula of derivation according to the present invention by calculus:
together with other known data (μ, a, R) of this processSample (A)，RRulerH, rho, g) to obtain the in-plane permeability (K) of the porous medium 9 to be measured at the compressibility.
In the permeability measuring process, the measuring solution is ethanol water solution or glycerol water solution, the gravity-driven water head pressurizing mode is adopted, and the measuring method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparation before measurement.
1) Respectively preparing enough water solution with the mass fraction of ethanol being 40% and water solution with the mass fraction of glycerol being 80%, wherein the water used in the preparation is deaerated water.
2) Roughly determining the permeability magnitude range of the measured porous medium 9, determining the formula of the measuring solution and the corresponding device structure scheme adopted in the measurement and the diameter size of the upper gasket 10 and the lower gasket 11, cutting the measured porous medium 9 according to the size of the lower gasket 11, measuring the thickness of the measured porous medium 9 for multiple times, and taking the average value of the multiple results as the original thickness.
3) Using an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of ethanol being 40% or solvents such as acetone to clean oily substances on the surfaces of the measuring cylinder 1, the ball valve 2, the extension pipe 3, the upper scale shaft 4, the pressure plate 8, the base 6, the scale lock 7, the upper gasket 10 and the lower gasket 11 and on an inner pipeline, drying the oily substances, connecting the components according to the structure shown in figure 1, sealing the connection part, and assembling and installing the measuring device for the plane permeability of the porous medium with the adjustable compression ratio.
4) Fixing an upper gasket 10 and a lower gasket 11 on the pressure plate 8 and the base 6 respectively, and then placing the porous medium 9 to be measured between the two gaskets; the heights of the upper scale shaft 4 and the pressure plate 8 are rotationally adjusted, an upper gasket 10 and a lower gasket 11 are tightly attached to the measured porous medium 9, and the measured test thickness of the porous medium 9 is determined, so that the test compression ratio of the measured porous medium 9 is determined (compression ratio, the compression ratio is the measured compression amount of the thickness of the porous medium 9/the measured original thickness of the porous medium 9).
Second, exhaust
Opening the ball valve 2, pouring sufficient water solution with the mass fraction of ethanol being 40% as exhaust liquid, enabling the exhaust liquid to sequentially flow through the measuring cylinder 1, the ball valve 2, the telescopic pipe 3 and the inner pipeline 16 of the upper scale shaft 4, accurately flow into the range of 6.5mm of the diameter of the central point of the measured porous medium 9, and flow out after flowing through the radius range of the medium in the radial direction in the measured porous medium 9; continuously pouring the measuring liquid, and stopping pouring the exhaust liquid after the seepage liquid completely soaks the measured porous medium 9 (which can be judged from the transparent platen 8 and no bubble remains at the outlet of the side surface of the medium); then the degassed water is poured in, the pipeline is flushed for a period of time, and the ball valve 2 is closed.
And thirdly, measuring data and calculating the permeability.
1) The volume flow (Q) of the measuring liquid flowing through the lateral surface of the porous medium 9 to be measured within a certain measuring time (Delta t) can be determined by the liquid level change (h) in the measuring cylinder 11，h2) Multiplied by the area (a) of the inner tube of the measuring cylinder 1 divided by the measuring time (Δ t).
2) The area (a) of the inner tube of the measuring cylinder 1 can be obtained by multiplying pi by the square of the inner diameter of the measuring cylinder 1.
3) Inner diameter (R) of inner pipe 16 of upper shaft 4Ruler) Is 3.25mm, and the radius (R) of the porous medium 9 is measuredSample (A))25mm。
4) The measured thickness (H) of the porous medium 9 to be measured can be obtained by adding the scale values of the upper and lower scale axes, as follows: and reading the scale value of the upper scale shaft 4 by taking the scale datum line of the lower scale shaft 5 as a reference, and reading the scale value of the lower scale shaft 5 by taking the scale datum line of the upper scale shaft 4 as a reference, wherein the sum of the scale value of the upper scale shaft and the scale value of the lower scale shaft is the test thickness (H) of the measured porous medium.
5) The measured fluid viscosity (μ), measured fluid density (ρ), and gravitational acceleration (g) are known from a review of the literature.
6) Substituting the numerical value of the physical quantity into a derivation formula of the planar radial seepage of the Darcy law:
the plane permeability (K) of the measured porous medium 9 under the test compressibility can be obtained.
In the formula,
k is the planar permeability of the porous medium being measured,
a is the sectional area of the inner cavity of the measuring cylinder,
Rsample (A)In order to measure the radius of the porous medium,
RrulerThe inner diameter of the inner conduit of the upper scale shaft,
at is the time of the measurement,
h1in order to measure the liquid level of the measuring liquid in the measuring cylinder at the beginning of the measuring time,
h2in order to measure the level of the liquid in the measuring cylinder at the end of the measuring time,
mu is the viscosity of the measuring liquid,
p is the density of the measured liquid,
g is the acceleration of gravity and the acceleration of gravity,
h is the test thickness of the porous media being measured.
In the above step, for the porous medium 9 to be measured in a low permeability range, an aqueous solution with an ethanol mass fraction of 40% may be used as a measurement solution, and the sample diameter, the flow tube inner diameter and the measuring cylinder inner diameter may be changed to adjust the apparatus to the permeability range; for the measured porous medium 9 with the medium permeability range, an aqueous solution with the ethanol mass fraction of 40% can be adopted as a measuring solution; for the porous medium 9 to be measured in the high permeability range, an aqueous solution with a glycerol mass fraction of 80% may be used as the measuring liquid.
Application example:
the permeability of the GFD-4.6 graphite felt of SGL company is measured by using the measuring device. The measured sample is a wafer-shaped carbon felt with the thickness of 4.6mm and the diameter of 50mm, the measuring solution adopts an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 40 percent of ethanol, the temperature is 20 ℃, and the density of the aqueous solution of the ethanol is 0.935g cm3The viscosity was 2.91 mPas. As listed in the following table, several different typical compressibility values are listed in the table (the thickness and the difference are only taken from the tableFor ease of comparison) and then permeability measurements are made. The test results show that the thickness at each compressibility can be obtained, while the compressibility can be adjusted completely freely from 0 to 57%. Three measurements were made at each compression ratio, and the average was taken to obtain the following test results:
| numbering | Original thickness mm of sample | Test specimen thickness mm | Compression ratio% | Permeability Darcy |
| 1 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 2 | 90 |
| 2 | 4.6 | 4 | 13 | 65 |
| 3 | 4.6 | 3.5 | 24 | 46 |
| 4 | 4.6 | 3 | 35 | 39 |
| 5 | 4.6 | 2.5 | 46 | 35 |
| 6 | 4.6 | 2 | 57 | 20 |
The test results are in high conformity with the GFD-4.6 graphite felt permeability parameter provided by SGL company. Therefore, the measuring method and the measuring device can accurately measure the plane permeability of the porous medium under different compression rates.
It will be understood that equivalent or equivalent modifications or variations can be made to those skilled in the art, and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a measuring device of porous medium plane permeability that compression ratio is adjustable which characterized in that: the measuring device comprises a measuring cylinder, a ball valve, a telescopic pipe, an upper scale shaft, a lower scale shaft, a pressure plate and a base;
the upper scale shaft is formed by coaxially and fixedly connecting a hollow pipe fitting and a tubular scale shaft, the hollow pipe fitting is provided with an axial inner pipeline, the lower end and the upper part of the periphery of the hollow pipe fitting are respectively provided with a section of external thread, the inner diameter of the scale shaft is larger than the outer diameter of the hollow pipe fitting and is connected to the external thread on the upper part of the hollow pipe fitting, an interlayer pipe cavity with a closed upper end is formed between the inner wall of the scale shaft and the external thread on the upper part of the hollow pipe fitting, and the lower end part of the outer wall of the scale shaft is provided with;
the base is a vertical arched component, the lower part of the base is provided with a measuring table, and the upper part of the base is provided with a through hole;
the lower scale shaft is a tubular component, the lower end part of the lower scale shaft is fixedly connected with the upper part of the base, the upper part of the lower scale shaft extends into the interlayer tube cavity of the upper scale shaft, the inner wall of the lower scale shaft is provided with internal threads which are connected with the external threads on the upper part of the hollow pipe fitting of the upper scale shaft, the hollow pipe fitting of the upper scale shaft penetrates through the through hole on the upper part of the base, the upper scale shaft can move up and down on the lower scale shaft along the axial direction through the rotation of the threads, and the outer wall of the lower scale shaft is provided with scale marks along the axial direction;
the center of the pressure plate is provided with a threaded through hole and is connected to the external thread at the lower end of the upper scale shaft, the lower surface of the pressure plate and the upper surface of the measuring table of the base are parallel and opposite, gaskets are respectively pasted on the lower surface of the pressure plate and the upper surface of the measuring table of the base, and the porous medium to be measured is arranged between the gaskets;
the measuring cylinder is a cylindrical container for containing measuring liquid, scale marks for displaying the residual change of the measuring liquid are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the measuring cylinder, the measuring cylinder is sequentially connected with the ball valve, the telescopic pipe and the upper scale shaft, and an inner cavity of the measuring cylinder, an inner cavity of the ball valve, an inner cavity of the telescopic pipe and an inner pipeline of the upper scale shaft form a channel for the measuring liquid to flow from the measuring cylinder to the measured porous medium on the lower side of the pressure plate.
2. The apparatus for measuring the plane permeability of a porous medium with adjustable compression ratio according to claim 1, wherein: the measuring cylinder and the ball valve, the ball valve and the telescopic pipe and the base and the lower scale shaft are respectively connected through threads, and the telescopic pipe and the upper scale shaft are connected through a joint and a hoop.
3. The apparatus for measuring the plane permeability of a porous medium with adjustable compression ratio according to claim 1, wherein: the measuring cylinder and the pressure plate are made of transparent materials or semitransparent materials which are convenient to observe.
4. The apparatus for measuring the plane permeability of a porous medium with adjustable compression ratio according to claim 1, wherein: the gasket is made of transparent silicon rubber with small compression deformation.
5. The apparatus for measuring the plane permeability of a porous medium with adjustable compression ratio according to claim 1, wherein: and the upper part of the base is provided with a scale lock for locking the upper scale shaft.
6. The apparatus for measuring the plane permeability of a porous medium with adjustable compression ratio according to claim 1, wherein: the measuring cylinder is fixed at a proper height by adopting a fixing frame.
7. The apparatus for measuring the plane permeability of a porous medium with adjustable compression ratio according to claim 1, wherein: the upper scale shaft and the lower scale shaft are made of stainless steel materials.
8. The apparatus for measuring the plane permeability of a porous medium with adjustable compression ratio according to claim 1, wherein: a measuring liquid receiving disc is placed below the base and is a plastic box, and the diameter of the measuring liquid receiving disc is larger than that of the base.
9. The apparatus for measuring the plane permeability of a porous medium with adjustable compression ratio according to claim 1, wherein: the exhaust liquid and the measuring liquid are ethanol water solution or glycerol water solution.
10. A method for measuring the planar permeability of a porous medium, which is realized by the measuring device of claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following specific steps:
preparation before measurement
1) Preparing exhaust liquid and measuring liquid by using degassed water;
2) cutting the measured porous medium, measuring and determining the original thickness of the measured porous medium;
3) cleaning the measuring cylinder, the ball valve, the telescopic pipe, the upper scale shaft, the lower scale shaft, the pressure plate, the base, the upper gasket and the lower gasket by using alcohol or acetone solvent, and assembling and installing the measuring device for the plane permeability of the porous medium with the adjustable compression rate after drying;
4) placing a measured porous medium between the upper gasket and the lower gasket, rotationally adjusting the heights of the upper scale shaft and the pressure plate to enable the upper gasket and the lower gasket to be tightly attached to and compress the measured porous medium, measuring to obtain the test thickness of the measured porous medium, and calculating and determining the test compression ratio of the measured porous medium according to the following formula:
test compressibility is measured as the amount of porous media thickness compression/original thickness,
measuring the compression amount of the porous medium, namely the original thickness-test thickness;
the thickness of the porous medium to be measured is obtained by the following method:
reading the scale value of the upper scale axis by taking the scale datum line of the lower scale axis as a reference, and reading the scale value of the lower scale axis by taking the scale datum line of the upper scale axis as a reference, wherein the sum of the scale value of the upper scale axis and the scale value of the lower scale axis is the thickness of the measured porous medium;
second, exhaust
Opening the ball valve, continuously pouring exhaust liquid into the measuring cylinder, enabling the exhaust liquid to sequentially flow through the measuring cylinder, the ball valve, the telescopic pipe and the upper scale shaft, flow into the center of the measured porous medium, flow out after flowing through the radius range of the measured porous medium along the radial direction, observing that no bubble remains at the pressure plate and the side surface of the measured porous medium, namely confirming that the exhaust liquid completely infiltrates the measured porous medium, and stopping pouring the exhaust liquid;
measuring data and calculating to obtain permeability
1) Recording the liquid level height of the measuring liquid in the measuring cylinder at the beginning and the end of a certain measuring time by observing scale marks on the measuring cylinder;
2) looking up the viscosity and density of the measured liquid according to the measured liquid;
3) calculating the plane permeability of the measured porous medium under the condition of the test compressibility according to the following formula:
wherein,
k is the planar permeability of the porous medium being measured,
a is the sectional area of the inner cavity of the measuring cylinder,
Rsample (A)In order to measure the radius of the porous medium,
RrulerThe inner diameter of the inner conduit of the upper scale shaft,
at is the time of the measurement,
h1in order to measure the liquid level of the measuring liquid in the measuring cylinder at the beginning of the measuring time,
h2in order to measure the level of the liquid in the measuring cylinder at the end of the measuring time,
mu is the viscosity of the measuring liquid,
p is the density of the measured liquid,
g is the acceleration of gravity and the acceleration of gravity,
h is the test thickness of the porous media being measured.
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| CN107502761A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-22 | 江西理工大学 | A kind of acceleration permeability apparatus suitable for ion type rareearth mine in_situ leaching |
| CN113776750A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-10 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Leakage quantity testing device capable of adjusting compression quantity for elastic metal sealing |
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| CN1570602A (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2005-01-26 | 法国石油研究所 | Method and device for evaluating physical parameters of an underground reservoir from rock cuttings taken therefrom |
| CN101995373A (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-03-30 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学所 | Method and device for measuring pore volume change of porous medium |
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| AU2003247372A8 (en) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-09-09 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Method and device for evaluating physical parameters of an underground deposit from rock cuttings sampled therein |
| AU2003247372A1 (en) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-09-09 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Method and device for evaluating physical parameters of an underground deposit from rock cuttings sampled therein |
| CN1570602A (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2005-01-26 | 法国石油研究所 | Method and device for evaluating physical parameters of an underground reservoir from rock cuttings taken therefrom |
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| CN107502761B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-05-14 | 江西理工大学 | A kind of acceleration permeability apparatus suitable for ion type rareearth mine in_situ leaching |
| CN113776750A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-10 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Leakage quantity testing device capable of adjusting compression quantity for elastic metal sealing |
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