CN107607453A - A kind of device and method for measuring annular porous material permeability - Google Patents
A kind of device and method for measuring annular porous material permeability Download PDFInfo
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- CN107607453A CN107607453A CN201710734013.5A CN201710734013A CN107607453A CN 107607453 A CN107607453 A CN 107607453A CN 201710734013 A CN201710734013 A CN 201710734013A CN 107607453 A CN107607453 A CN 107607453A
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- inner ring
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of device for measuring annular porous material permeability, including main element, main element is circular column structure, main element center section is stair-stepping through hole, the upper end of main element is connected to form pressure stabilizing cavity with upper end cover, and the bottom of main element is connected with bottom end cover, and the inside of main element is connected with inner ring, it is connected among inner ring with boss, the upper surface of boss is provided with porous member to be detected.A kind of device for measuring annular porous material permeability provided by the present invention, simple in construction, easy to use, manufacturing cost is low, and measurement data is accurate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Material Testing Technology field, and in particular to a kind of device for measuring annular porous material permeability
And method.
Background technology
Porous material refers to a kind of by being mutually communicated, closing or semi-enclosed hole forms the material of network structure.Relatively
In dense material, porous material, which is noteworthy characterized by its inside, has substantial amounts of hole.And substantial amounts of internal void make it is porous
Material has many excellent characteristics, as proportion is small, bigger than surface, energy absorption is good, low thermal conductivity, heat exchange heat-sinking capability
It is high, sound absorption properties it is good, permeability is excellent.
With the fast development in the fields such as precision, Ultra-precision Turning, Aero-Space and atomic energy, the requirement to bearing is more next
Higher, conventional rolling bearing can not meet the requirement of high-accuracy property (nanometer, micro-nano), and aerostatic bearing arises at the historic moment.
Static air pressure mainly includes orifice restriction and porous restriction device, and porous restriction device has many advantages, such as compared with other flow controllers
Such as：The characteristics such as designing for manufacturing is simple, high-bearing capacity and high rigidity, high-damping, low vibration, therefore it is most promising one to be recognized
Kind novel bearing.However, in porous restriction device, the quality of porous material throttling performance directly affects porous restriction device
Performance height, throttling performance characterized by material permeability coefficient.Thus the research to porous material is concentrated mainly on
On infiltration coefficient, it is as an important parameter for characterizing porous media transmission performance, to porous restriction gas bearing
Performance has vital influence, while is also that progress porous material gas bearing Numerical Analysis and experiment are tested
One of critical data of card.Therefore, the infiltration coefficient for accurately obtaining porous media is very necessary.
In terms of porous material permeability is measured, mainly there are two methods, first, passing through liquid stream to porous material
(this method is only suitable for that material and fluid are not had an effect or the material operating mode that works in itself is exactly fluid liquid to bulk measurement permeability
Environment, therefore test environment is restricted), another kind is to measure infiltration rate (this method by air to porous material
It is unlimited substantially without destruction, test environment to most of porous materials).
The patent of disclosed measurement porous material permeability has at present：
Chinese invention patent application prospectus (application number 201510555358.5) discloses one kind and uses liquid stream
The test device of the permeability of bulk measurement different-thickness and writing board shape.Described different writing board shapes and true shape in patent
Differ larger, be unsatisfactory for specific work requirements.
Chinese invention patent application prospectus (application number 201510981827.X) discloses one kind and uses liquid stream
The device of bulk measurement porous circular cylinder/disc material permeability, this measuring method are very big to material diameter and shape limitation.
Chinese invention patent application prospectus (application number 201310026422.1) disclose it is a kind of with vacuum chamber,
The device of mass spectrometric measurement Porous disk permeability, this method with vacuum chamber measurement infiltration rate, to equipment
It is required that higher, measurement is complex.
Above-mentioned patent is all the measurement for porous flat plate material, and uses (such as Porous thrust shaft for Practical Project
Hold), it is shaped as thrust annulus, and there is presently no a kind of suitable measurement apparatus and method.If continuing measurement plate material
Do not measure the annulus after processing, it will cause measurement result to be differed greatly with actual permeability, this is due in porous material
(such as graphite, porous metals) is during annular thrust bearing is processed into because being machined inevitably generation table
The phenomenon that face blocks, have impact on the actual permeance property of material, it is therefore necessary to be surveyed for thrust annular bearing development is a kind of
Measure the device of porous material permeability.
The content of the invention
Present invention aim to address above mentioned problem, there is provided one kind can be with accurate measurement different-thickness, different internal-and external diameter circles
The device and method of ring-shaped porous material permeability.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that：A kind of measurement annular porous material permeability
Device, including main element, main element are circular column structure, and main element center section is stair-stepping through hole,
The upper end of main element is connected to form pressure stabilizing cavity with upper end cover, and the bottom of main element is connected with bottom end cover, main element
Inside be connected with inner ring, be provided with boss among inner ring, the upper surface of boss is provided with porous member to be detected.
Preferably, the boss is cylindrical structure, and the upper surface of boss is provided with the annular groove to cave inward, and annular is recessed
The bottom of groove is provided with multiple through holes.
Preferably, the downwardly convex formation loop configuration in the end face of the upper end cover, loop configuration are formed surely with main element
Chamber is pressed, pressure sensor is provided with pressure stabilizing cavity.
Preferably, first sealing device is provided between the upper end cover and main element.
Preferably, the inner ring is cyclic structure, and the upper end of inner ring is extended outwardly, and the end face that inner ring stretches out is provided with
Downward annular projection.
Preferably, the main element inner step end face be provided with annular the first groove, the annular projection of inner ring with
First groove is fitted together to.
Preferably, the bottom end cover is bolted with main element, and the centre of bottom end cover is provided with rotatable support
Bolt, carrying bolt are used for support rim.
Preferably, the fluid outlet channels of insertion bottom end cover are additionally provided with the bottom end cover.
Preferably, the second sealing device is provided between the porous member and boss.
Present invention also offers a kind of method of measurement amount annular porous material permeability, comprise the following steps：
S1, adhesive material：Epoxy resin is uniformly sticked in porous member inner ring and outer ring, seals inner surface, and by porous portion
Part is mutually pasted with inner ring inner ring；
S2, place material：The upper surface of porous member and inner ring upper surface flush, boss are put into inner ring, by inner ring
It is put into main element；
S3, placement force sensor：Pressure sensor is put into pressure stabilizing cavity, closed upper end lid and bottom end cover, screwed up down
The bolt of end cap central position, boss is adjusted to suitable position and supports porous member；
S4, injection gas：The gas of drying, cleaning, stable gas pressure is flowed into pressure stabilizing cavity through flowmeter, treats steady air current
Afterwards, the flow reading of recording flowmeter now, and the pressure reading in now pressure stabilizing cavity is recorded, and measured under different pressure
Repeatedly, gas flows into air by porous member and through boss and bottom end cover；
S5, calculate permeability：The surface pressure of porous material entrance as obtained by measurement passes through porous material in time
The permeability of flow rate calculation porous member.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, a kind of device for measuring annular porous material permeability provided by the present invention avoids material air inlet face
Cause air inlet area error because fixture blocks；Avoid and measure inaccurate ask caused by porous material processing blocks
Topic, the permeability for measuring the Porous annulus material in actual frock is realized, makes porous material permeability survey more accurate
Really, it is credible.
2nd, embed circular ring structure and make it that the measurement for different internal-and external diameter materials is more convenient, measure different internal-and external diameter materials
Inner ring and boss need to be only changed, realizes the measurement of different inside and outside footpath annulus materials, annulus is provided with sealing ring, realizes gas
Sealing.
3rd, set the bolt on bottom end cover core to realize the measurement of different-thickness infiltration rate, and ensure logical
During gas, annular porous material can realize stable position.
4th, the sealing ring with certain elasticity is placed with boss outer shroud and inner ring, can be with better seal gas and realization
Protection to material surface hole, avoids material surface from being damaged because of contact.
5th, the pressure sensor in pressure stabilizing cavity can direct accurate measurement material surface pressure, than traditional measurement pipeline
Interior pressure is more accurate.
6th, there is sealing ring between upper end cover and main element, it is ensured that sealing.
7th, method of testing of the invention can test the permeability of annular porous material, be supported by regulating bolt convex
Platform, porous material being accurately positioned at work is realized, the porous material of same internal-and external diameter different-thickness can be measured.Add
The boss entered, by the diameter for changing boss so that it can measure the porous material of different inner diameters.Coordinate inner ring, boss and
Bolt can realize clamping and the measurement of the annular-shaped porous material of different internal-and external diameters and different-thickness.What this method measured oozes
Saturating rate is accurate, clamping and convenient test, it is contemplated that under processing stopping state the problem of permeability variation, it is contemplated that inlet pressure is surveyed
Measure improper caused measurement error, it is contemplated that influence of the device sealing to measurement result, realize annular under real working condition
The accurate measurement of porous material permeability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram for the device and method for measuring annular porous material permeability of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation for the device for measuring annular porous material permeability of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 of the present invention sectional view；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of upper end cover of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of figure main element of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is Fig. 5 of the present invention sectional view；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of bottom end cover of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of boss of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is Fig. 8 of the present invention top view；
Figure 10 is Fig. 9 of the present invention sectional view；
Figure 11 is the structural representation of inner ring of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the front view of inner ring of the present invention；
Figure 13 is Figure 12 of the present invention sectional view；
Figure 14 is pressure flow rectilinear of the present invention；
Figure 15 is pressure flow curve map of the present invention；
Figure 16 is the method and step figure of the present invention；
Embodiment
The present invention is described further with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, a kind of dress for measuring annular porous material permeability provided by the invention
Put, including main element 1, main element 1 are circular column structure, the center section of main element 1 is stair-stepping through hole,
The upper end of main element 1 is connected to form pressure stabilizing cavity 7 with upper end cover 2, and the bottom of main element 1 is connected with bottom end cover 3, main body
The inside of part 1 is connected with inner ring 4, is connected among inner ring 4 with boss 5, the upper surface of boss 5 is provided with porous member to be detected
6。
As shown in figure 4, the end face of upper end cover 2 is downwardly convex to form loop configuration 21, loop configuration 21 and the shape of main element 1
Into pressure stabilizing cavity 7, pressure sensor is provided with pressure stabilizing cavity 7, pressure sensor is connected with main element 1, and main element 1 is provided with pressure
Force snesor hole 12, pressure sensor are connected with pressure sensor hole 12.The centre of upper end cover 2 offers screwed hole 22, screw thread
Hole 22 is connected by pipeline with flowmeter.A pair of first through hole 23, first through hole 23 are offered in the loop configuration 21 of upper end cover 2
The pressure inside pressure stabilizing cavity 7 is set to keep constant.
First sealing device 8 is provided between upper end cover 2 and main element 1, first sealing device 8 is used to ensure pressure stabilizing cavity 7
Air-tightness, will not gas leakage.
As shown in Figure 11 to Figure 13, inner ring 4 is cyclic structure, and the upper end of inner ring 4 extends outwardly, and inner ring 4 stretches out
End face be provided with downward annular projection 41.Mutually embedding porous member 6 to be detected in inner ring 4, the surfaces externally and internally of porous member 6 make
It is bonded with epoxy potting material, for sealing hole, the upper surface of porous member 6 is equal with the upper surface of inner ring 4.
It is placed on after fluid sealant is uniformly coated with around inner ring 4 in main element 1, makes inner ring 4 after glue to be sealed is dry
Surrounding all reaches sealing state.
The loop configuration 21 of upper end cover 2 is pressed in the plane that porous member 6 flushes with inner ring 4, loop configuration 21 it is following
Contacted respectively with the upper end of porous member 6 and the upper end of inner ring 4, prevent inner ring 4 and porous member 6 altering in vertical direction
It is dynamic.
The inner step end face of main element 1 is provided with the first groove 11 of annular, the annular projection 41 of inner ring 4 and first recessed
Groove 11 is chimeric.
As shown in Fig. 8 to Figure 10, boss 5 is cylindrical structure, and the upper surface of boss 5 is provided with the cyclic shape that caves inward
Second groove 51, the bottom of the second groove 51 are provided with multiple second through holes 52.It is close that second is provided between porous member 6 and boss 5
Seal apparatus 9, sealing device 9 include the first sealing ring 53 and the second sealing ring 54, and the first sealing ring 53 and the second sealing ring prevent
The surface pore of porous member 6 is damaged.
As shown in fig. 7, bottom end cover 3 is bolted with main element 1, the centre of bottom end cover 3 is provided with rotatable branch
Staybolt 31, carrying bolt 31 are used for support rim 5, and carrying bolt 31 can be by rotating regulation boss 5 in main element 1
Height, to adapt to the porous member 6 of different-thickness.
The fluid outlet channels 32 of insertion bottom end cover 3 are additionally provided with bottom end cover 3.
A kind of method of measurement amount annular porous material permeability, as shown in figure 16, comprises the following steps：
S1, adhesive material：Epoxy resin is uniformly sticked in porous member inner ring and outer ring, seals inner surface, and by porous portion
Part is mutually pasted with inner ring inner ring；
S2, place material：The upper surface of porous member and inner ring upper surface flush, boss are put into inner ring, by inner ring
It is put into main element；
S3, placement force sensor：Pressure sensor is put into pressure stabilizing cavity, closed upper end lid and bottom end cover, screwed up down
The bolt of end cap central position, boss is adjusted to suitable position and supports porous member；
S4, injection gas：The gas of drying, cleaning, stable gas pressure is flowed into pressure stabilizing cavity through flowmeter, treats steady air current
Afterwards, the flow reading of recording flowmeter now, and the pressure reading in now pressure stabilizing cavity is recorded, and measured under different pressure
Repeatedly, gas flows into air by porous member and through boss and bottom end cover；
S5, calculate permeability：The surface pressure of porous member entrance as obtained by measurement passes through porous material in time
The permeability of flow rate calculation porous member；
As shown in Figure 14 to Figure 15, measurement the data obtained is passed through into " Darcy " or " Darcy-Forcheimer " formula root
The permeability of porous member is calculated according to measured data.In the formula (1) of " Darcy " formula, η is dynamic viscosity (Ns/
m2), QmMass flow (kg/s) for fluid by specimen cross sectional area, R are gas constant, and T is that gas is absolute under experiment condition
Temperature (K), M are gas molar molecular mass (kg/mol), and H is the thickness (m) of porous member, and A is porous material along gas stream
Cross-sectional area (m on dynamic direction2), P0(P1) be porous member front and back ends pressure (pa),.
Darcy formula：
If differential pressure flow curve meets Fig. 1-2 curves and using formula (2) and formula (3)；
Darcy-Forcheimer formula：
Formula (2), formula (3) are compared with formula (1), wherein P1(P2) porous material front end pressure (pa), u1(u2)
For porous member front end face gas flow rate (m/s), P0For porous material rear end face pressure, generally atmospheric pressure (pa).
According to the multigroup flow pressure data measured, the infiltration of multigroup annular-shaped porous material is calculated after judgement flow regime
Rate, and take arithmetic mean of instantaneous value.
In the present embodiment, the first through hole 22 on upper end cover 2 is also connected with flowmeter 10, and flowmeter 10 is also distinguished successively
Three linked piece device 101, pressure regulator valve 102, pressure gauge 103 and air feed pump 104 are connected with, the gas of air feed pump 104 passes through pressure gauge
103rd, pressure stabilizing cavity 6 is entered by the first through hole 22 on upper end cover 2 after pressure regulator valve 102, three linked piece device 101 and flowmeter 10.
As shown in figure 1, the workflow of the present invention is：Gas flows into three linked piece device 101 from air feed pump 104, by three
Connection part device 101 obtains the air of cleaning after handling, and after air is by flowmeter 10, then by first through hole 22 enters pressure stabilizing cavity
7, after gas flows into porous member 6, by the lower fluid passage of boss 5, and fluid outlet channels 32 in bottom end cover 3 are discharged to
In air.It is after pressure stabilisation by adjusting the size of gas pressure, record the stream in the pressure and flowmeter of pressure sensor
Value, differentiate flow regime of the fluid inside porous member 6 further according to " flow-pressure differential " curve, reselection uses " Darcy "
Or " Darcy-Forcheimer " formula data measured by calculate the permeability of porous member 6.
One of ordinary skill in the art will be appreciated that embodiment described here is to aid in reader and understands this hair
Bright principle, it should be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such especially statement and embodiment.This area
Those of ordinary skill can make according to these technical inspirations disclosed by the invention various does not depart from the other each of essence of the invention
The specific deformation of kind and combination, these deform and combined still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device for measuring annular porous material permeability, it is characterised in that including main element (1), main element
(1) be circular column structure, main element (1) center section be stair-stepping through hole, the upper end of main element (1) and
Upper end cover (2) is connected to form pressure stabilizing cavity (7), and the bottom of main element (1) is connected with bottom end cover (3), main element (1) it is interior
Portion is connected with inner ring (4), is connected among inner ring (4) with boss (5), the upper surface of boss (5) is provided with porous member to be detected
(6)。
A kind of 2. measurement annular porous material permeability apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the boss
(5) it is cylindrical structure, the upper surface of boss (5) is provided with the second groove (51) for caving inward and circularizing, the second groove (51)
Bottom be provided with multiple through holes (52).
A kind of 3. measurement annular porous material permeability apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the upper end cover
(2) the downwardly convex formation loop configuration (21) in end face, loop configuration (21) form pressure stabilizing cavity (7), voltage stabilizing with main element (1)
Pressure sensor is provided with chamber (7).
A kind of 4. measurement annular porous material permeability apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the upper end cover
(2) first sealing device (8) is provided between main element (1).
A kind of 5. measurement annular porous material permeability apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the inner ring
(4) it is cyclic structure, the upper end of inner ring (4) extends outwardly, and the end face that inner ring (4) stretches out is provided with downward annular projection
(41)。
A kind of 6. measurement annular porous material permeability apparatus according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the main part
Part (1) inner step end face is provided with the first groove (11) of annular, annular projection (41) and the first groove (11) of inner ring (4)
It is chimeric.
A kind of 7. measurement annular porous material permeability apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bottom end cover
(3) it is bolted with main element (1), the centre of bottom end cover (3) is provided with rotatable carrying bolt (31), carrying bolt
(31) it is used for support rim (5).
A kind of 8. measurement annular porous material permeability apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bottom end cover
(3) fluid outlet channels (32) of insertion bottom end cover (3) are additionally provided with.
A kind of 9. measurement annular porous material permeability apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the porous portion
The second sealing device (9) is provided between part (6) and boss (5).
A kind of 10. method of measurement amount annular porous material permeability, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, adhesive material：Epoxy resin is uniformly sticked in porous member inner ring and outer ring, seals inner surface, and by porous member with
Inner ring inner ring is mutually pasted；
S2, place material：The upper surface of porous member and inner ring upper surface flush, boss is put into inner ring, inner ring is put into
In main element；
S3, placement force sensor：Pressure sensor is put into pressure stabilizing cavity, closed upper end lid and bottom end cover, screws up bottom end cover
The bolt of center, boss is adjusted to suitable position and supports porous member；
S4, injection gas：The gas of drying, cleaning, stable gas pressure is flowed into pressure stabilizing cavity through flowmeter, after steady air current,
The flow reading of recording flowmeter now, and the pressure reading in now pressure stabilizing cavity is recorded, and measurement is more under different pressure
Secondary, gas flows into air by porous member and through boss and bottom end cover；
S5, calculate permeability：The surface pressure of porous member entrance as obtained by measurement passes through the flow of porous material in time
Calculate the permeability of porous member.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710734013.5A CN107607453B (en) | 2017-08-24 | 2017-08-24 | Device and method for measuring permeability of annular porous material |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710734013.5A CN107607453B (en) | 2017-08-24 | 2017-08-24 | Device and method for measuring permeability of annular porous material |
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| CN107607453B CN107607453B (en) | 2021-01-05 |
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| CN109142183A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-04 | 建研华测（杭州）科技有限公司 | A kind of coefficient of permeability test calibration device and method about pervious concrete |
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| CN109142183A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-04 | 建研华测（杭州）科技有限公司 | A kind of coefficient of permeability test calibration device and method about pervious concrete |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107607453B (en) | 2021-01-05 |
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