CN105453384B - 车辆内电子设备的无线充电和供电 - Google Patents

车辆内电子设备的无线充电和供电 Download PDF

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CN105453384B
CN105453384B CN201480043267.7A CN201480043267A CN105453384B CN 105453384 B CN105453384 B CN 105453384B CN 201480043267 A CN201480043267 A CN 201480043267A CN 105453384 B CN105453384 B CN 105453384B
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transmitter
electronic equipment
receiver
power
vehicle
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CN105453384A (zh
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迈克尔·A·利布曼
格雷戈里·斯科特·布雷维尔
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Energous Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
    • H02J50/23—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves characterised by the type of transmitting antennas, e.g. directional array antennas or Yagi antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
    • H02J50/27—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves characterised by the type of receiving antennas, e.g. rectennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00045—Authentication, i.e. circuits for checking compatibility between one component, e.g. a battery or a battery charger, and another component, e.g. a power source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/02—Transmitters
    • H04B1/04—Circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
    • H04B5/79—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for data transfer in combination with power transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

公开了用于为车辆内的一个或更多个电子设备充电或供电的无线功率传输的配置和方法。能够实现单个袋形成或多重袋形成的发射器可被连接至汽车点烟器上或与可操作地通过电缆连接，其中，该发射器可以包括集成在该发射器内的电路系统模块和天线阵列。该电缆使得能够将所述天线阵列布置在所述车辆内的不同位置处，这些位置适于将RF波或能量袋导向一个或更多个电子设备。一个或更多个电子设备可以通过蓝牙通信来访问发射器的配置，以便设置充电或供电的优先级。

Description

车辆内电子设备的无线充电和供电
本公开涉及2013年5月10日提交的题为“Methodology For Pocket-forming(袋形成的方法)”的美国非临时专利申请第13/891,430号，以及2013年6月24日提交的题为“Methodology for Multiple Pocket-Forming(多个袋形成的方法)”的美国非临时专利申请第13/925,469号，以上申请的全部内容通过引用而包含在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开通常涉及无线功率传输，并且更特别地，涉及车辆中无线功率传输的配置和方法。
背景技术
对车辆内电子设备的充电或供电可能包括多个限制。典型地，诸如手提电脑、智能手机、便携式游戏设备、平板电脑等的电子设备可能要求针对型号和电气规格不同的每种类型的电子设备使用不同的汽车充电适配器。从经济和实用的角度而言，这会给使用者带来不便，使用者需要购买并携带多个汽车充电适配器。此外，当使用汽车的点烟器时，充电被限制为顺序操作，这意味着使用者必须逐个连接电子设备以进行适当充电。这对于使用者而言是低效且麻烦的。
出于前述原因，可能需要无线充电方法和配置，该方法和配置使得能够同时且有效地为车辆内的一个或多个电子设备充电或供电。
发明内容
公开了用于车辆内的无线功率传输配置和方法。用于为车辆内的一个或更多个电子设备供电或充电的无线功率传输可以包括发射器、一个或更多个电子设备，发射器能够发射RF波以生成能量袋，一个或更多个电子设备与一个或更多个接收器可操作地耦接，一个或更多个接收器可以利用这些能量袋来充电或供电。
无线功率传输方法包括由连接至车辆内电源上的发射器所产生的袋形成来生成能量袋，以及将接收器耦接至位于车辆内的电子设备上以接收该能量袋，并且利用该能量袋为电子设备供电或充电。
用于袋形成的发射器可以包括天线阵列、电路系统模块、用于发射器的电源，其中该电源可以是汽车点烟器插座的形式。天线阵列可以包括两个或更多个天线元件，同时电路系统模块可以包括射频集成电路(RFIC，Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit)、微控制器以及通信部件。
根据一个实施例，用于为车辆内的一个或更多个电子设备充电的无线功率传输可以包括被可操作地连接至汽车点烟器插座上的发射器，其中该发射器可以作为独立设备来工作，该独立设备将电路系统模块和天线阵列集成在圆柱形或长方形壳体中。该发射器可以生成单个或多重袋形成，以便为位于车俩内不同位置处的一个或更多个电子设备充电或供电。
根据另一个实施例，用于为车辆内的一个或更多个电子设备充电的无线功率传输可以包括被可操作地连接至汽车点烟器插座上的发射器，其中该发射器可以包括用于连接电路系统模块和天线阵列的电缆。该电缆使得能够将天线阵列布置在车辆的遮阳板中或车辆内任何合适的位置处，并且将天线与电路系统模块分开布置，电路系统模块可被连接至汽车点烟器插座。
根据又一个实施例，用于为车辆内的一个或更多个电子设备充电的无线功率传输可以包括被可操作地连接至汽车点烟器插座上的发射器，其中该发射器可以包括用于连接电路系统模块和天线阵列的电缆。该电缆使得能够将天线阵列布置在车辆的地板脚垫下或车辆内任何合适的位置处，并且将天线与电路系统模块分开布置，电路系统模块可以被连接至汽车点烟器插座。
在另一个实施例中，用于为车辆内的一个或更多个电子设备充电的无线功率传输过程可以以无线充电请求开始，之后进行蓝牙扫描以识别适于无线充电的一个或多个电子设备。所识别的电子设备可以登录到充电应用，该充电应用可以提供对发射器配置的访问，其中，可以为每个可用电子设备设置充电或供电的优先级。基于这些充电或供电的优先级，发射器可以根据所建立的充电或供电顺序将袋形成先后或同时导向可被充电的指定电子设备。
所公开的无线功率传输配置和方法可以同时高效地对一个或更多个电子设备充电并且同时使用了单一的发射器，该发射器将发射器的天线阵列布置在车辆内合适的位置处以便产生最佳的袋形成。根据以下结合附图考虑的详细描述，本发明的附加特征和优势将能体现出来。
附图说明
通过参照示意性且可能未按比例绘制的附图的示例对本公开的实施例进行了描述。除非附图被指定为表示背景信息，否则附图表示本发明的各个方面。
图1示出了根据本发明的使用袋形成的无线功率传输。
图2示出了发射器的简化框图，该发射器可被用于根据图1的无线功率传输。
图3描绘了根据图1的无线功率传输，该无线功率传输可被实现用于为车辆内的一个或更多个电子设备进行充电或供电。
图4示出了根据本发明的无线功率传输，其中，发射器可以包括用于将天线阵列布置在车辆遮阳板中的电缆。
图5示出了根据本发明的无线功率传输，其中，发射器可以包括用于将天线阵列布置在车辆地板脚垫下的电缆。
图6描绘了根据本发明的无线功率传输过程的简化流程图，该无线功率传输过程可被实现用于为车辆内的一个或更多个电子设备进行充电或供电。
具体实施方式
定义
“袋形成”可以指生成在三维空间中会聚的两个或多个RF波，这两个或多个RF波形成受控的相长干涉和相消干涉图样。
“能量袋”可以指其中能量或功率可以以RF波的相长干涉图样的形式积聚的空间区域或范围。
“零空间”可以指其中由于RF波的相消干涉图样而没有形成能量袋的空间区域或范围。
“发射器”可以指包括芯片的设备，该芯片可以生成两个或更多的RF信号，至少一个RF信号相对于其他RF信号被相移并且增益调整，基本上所有RF信号经过一个或多个RF天线，以使得聚焦的RF信号被送往目标。
“接收器”可以指包括至少一个天线元件、至少一个整流电路和至少一个功率转换器的设备，该设备可以利用能量袋来为电子设备供电或充电。
“自适应袋形成”可以指动态调整袋形成以调节一个或多个目标接收器上的功率。
“反射器”可以指能够将来自于发射器的RF波的功率有效地向接收器反射以为电子设备进行无线充电的设备。
附图描述
在以下的详细描述中参考了构成本文一部分的附图。在未必遵循比例尺或比例的图形中，除非上下文有指定，否则相似的符号通常表示相似的元件。在细节描述、附图和权利要求中所描述的示例性实施例不意味着进行限制。在不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下，可以使用其他实施例和/或可以做出其他的改变。
图1示出了使用袋成形的无线功率传输100。发射器102可以发射受控的射频(RF)波104，受控的RF波104可以在三维空间中会聚。这些RF波104可以通过相位调整和/或相对幅度调整来控制，以形成相长干涉图样和相消干涉图样(袋形成)。能量袋106可以形成于相长干涉图样处并且可以是三维形状的，同时可以在相消干涉图样处生成零空间。接收器108则可以利用袋形成所产生的能量袋106来为电子设备110充电或供电，电子设备110例如为智能手机、平板电脑、手提电脑(如图1中所示)、音乐播放器、电子玩具等。在某些实施例中，能够由多个发射器102和/或多个接收器108同时为多种电子设备110供电。在其他实施例中，可以使用自适应袋形成来调节发射至电子设备110的功率。
图2示出了发射器102的简化框图，发射器102可被用于符合本公开范围的无线功率传输。发射器102可以包括一个或更多个天线元件202、一个或更多个射频集成电路(RFIC)204、一个或更多个微控制器206、通信部件208以及电源210。发射器102中的部件可以使用超材料(meta-materials)、电路微缩印刷、纳米材料等来制造。发射器102可以负责通过使用前述段落中提及的部件来进行袋形成、自适应袋形成以及多重袋形成。
天线元件202可以包括平面天线元件、贴片天线元件、偶极子天线元件或任何适于无线功率传输100的天线。天线元件202的形状和定向可以根据所期望的发射器102的特征来变化，其中，定向在X、Y和Z轴可以是平坦的(flat)，也可以是三维布置中的各种定向类型与组合。天线元件202的材料可以包括使能无线电信号能够以高效、散热良好等方式传输的任何合适的材料。天线元件202的数量可以根据发射器102的期望范围和功率传输能力来变化，其中，天线元件202的数量越多，则范围越大并且功率传输容量越大。
天线元件202可以包括适合于工作在诸如900MHz、2.5GHz或5.8GHz频带内的天线类型，因为这些频带符合联邦通信委员会(FCC，Federal Communications Commission)规则的第18部分(工业、科学和医疗设备)。天线元件202可以在独立的频率下工作，以使得能够进行袋形成的多路工作。
此外，天线元件202可以具有至少一种极化方式或极化方式的选集。该极化方式可以包括垂直极化、水平极化、圆极化、左旋极化、右旋极化或极化方式的组合。极化方式的选集可以根据发射器102的特性来变化。此外，天线元件202可以位于发射器102的各个表面中。
两个或更多个天线元件202的组合可以形成天线阵列212，其中，这些天线元件202可以以单一阵列、成对阵列、方阵以及任何其他合适的布置方式来工作，可以根据期望的应用来设计布置方式。
发射器102的电路系统模块214可以包括RFIC 204、微控制器206以及通信部件208。RFIC 204可以包括多个RF电路，RF电路可以包括数字部件和/或模拟部件，诸如放大器、电容器、振荡器、压电晶体等。RFIC 204可以控制天线元件202的诸如袋形成的增益和/或相位之类的特征并且通过该特征来管理方向、电量水平等。每个天线元件202中袋形成的相位和幅度可以由相应的RFIC 204来调节以生成所期望的袋形成和零陷。RFIC 204可以被连接至微控制器206，微控制器206可以包括数字信号处理器(DSP，Digital SignalProcessor)、PIC类微处理器、中央处理单元、计算机等。微控制器206可以控制RFIC 204的多个特征，诸如袋形成的发射时间、袋形成的方向、反射角、功率强度等。此外，微控制器206可以控制多个接收器108或单一接收器108的多重袋形成。
微控制器206可以通过控制通信部件208来管理并控制通信协议和信号。微控制器206可以对通信部件208所接收到的信息进行处理，通信部件208可以向接收器108发送信号并且可以从接收器108接收信号，以便追踪接收器108并且将能量袋106集中在接收器108上。此外，可以从/向接收器108发射其他信息，其中，该信息尤其可以包括认证协议。通信部件208尤其可以包括并结合蓝牙技术、红外通信、无线调频广播等。微控制器206可以确定袋形成的最佳时间和位置，包括传输袋形成的最有效率的轨迹以减小因障碍物而造成的损耗。该轨迹可以包括直接袋形成、反射以及袋形成的距离辨别。
可以由电源210为发射器102供电，电源210可以包括AC或DC电源。电源210所提供的电压、功率和电流强度可以根据所要求发射的功率来变化。功率到无线电信号的转换可以由微控制器206来管理并且由RFIC 204来实现，该转换可以使用多种方法和部件来产生具有多种频率、波长、强度和其他特征的无线电信号。作为使用多种方法和部件来生成无线电信号的一个示例，振荡器和压电晶体可被用于在不同的天线元件202中产生和改变射频。此外，可以使用多种滤波器来使信号平滑，以及可以使用放大器来增加待传输的功率。
发射器102可以发射从几瓦特到超过几百瓦特的功率容量的袋形成。每个天线元件202可以管理确定的功率容量。该功率容量可以与应用相关。
在此参照图3，无线功率传输300可以被实现以为车辆内的一个或更多个电子设备110充电或供电。根据本实施例的某些方面，发射器102可以被配置在圆柱形状内，该圆柱形状的长度约在2到3英寸之间，并且直径在大约0.5英寸到大约1英寸之间变化。如特写视图302中所示，发射器102能够包括具有连接销306的适配连接器304，连接器304可以被插入汽车点烟器插座308中以为发射器102供电。发射器102可以用作独立的自持设备，该设备能够将电路系统模块214和天线阵列212连同连接器304和连接销306集成在一起。
汽车点烟器插座308能够提供12或24伏的直流电压来为发射器102供电，该直流电压足够为诸如智能手机、DVD播放器、便携式游戏系统、平板电脑、手提电脑等大部分便携式电子设备110供电。在某些实施例中，发射器102的电路系统模块214根据电子设备110的充电需求的不同可以包括DC-DC换流器或DC-AC换流器功率。然而在其他实施例中，电路系统模块214可以包括可切换功率换流器，该可切换功率换流器可以根据电子设备110的充电需求来配置。
图3中的发射器102的工作与图2中所描述的工作相似，在图2中，发射器102可以由电源210驱动，在本例中，发射器102由汽车点烟器插座308来驱动。发射器102能够使用电路系统模块214中的通信部件208(图3中未示出)来对嵌入电子设备110中的接收器108(图3中未示出)进行定位。电路系统模块214中的微处理器206(图3中未示出)可以根据电子设备110在车辆内的位置来确定生成袋形成的最佳路径。如图3所示，电子设备110可以位于驾驶员座椅右侧的乘客座椅中。微控制器206可以与电路系统模块214中的RFIC 204(图4中未示出)进行通信，以便通过天线阵列212来控制RF波104的生成和传输，天线阵列212可以包括两个或更多个天线元件202。RF波104的传输可以对准乘客座椅中的电子设备110，以便生成适于为电子设备110充电或供电的袋形成。
无线功率传输300还可以被用于为位于车辆后座椅中或车辆内其他位置的电子设备110供电或充电。在本例中，发射器102可以使用车辆的任何合适的反射表面且较优地使用金属反射表面，从而以最小功率损耗或无功率损耗来传输RF波104并将能量袋106(图3中未示出)的形成重新指向电子设备110。例如，发射器102能够使用车辆顶棚来将所传输的RF波104反射向电子设备110，以生成能够为电子设备110进行合适的充电或供电的能量袋106。
根据该实施例的其他方面，无线功率传输300能够为车辆内的两个或更多个电子设备110供电或充电，其中，发射器102能够产生多重袋形成。在这种情况下，发射器102可以生成多个RF波104，该多个RF波104直接对准电子设备110或通过使用车辆上合适的反射表面被反射向电子设备110，从而同时为一个或更多个电子设备110供电或充电。
图4示出了无线功率传输400，其中，发射器102可以包括用于将天线阵列212布置在车辆内不同区域中的电缆402。由特写视图406可见，通过使用连接器304和连接销306，发射器102可以被连接至汽车点烟器插座308以接收工作所需的功率。根据该实施例的某些方面，发射器102的电路系统模块214能够通过电缆402可操作地连接至汽车点烟器插座308，同时可以通过电缆402将天线阵列212可操作地与电路系统模块214连接，借此使得天线阵列212能够根据应用要求或根据一个或更多个电子设备110的相对位置而被分别布置在整个车辆中。例如，如图4所示，电缆402能够从电路系统模块214铺设至天线阵列212，天线阵列212可以被套在车辆的一个遮阳板404上。以这种方式，天线阵列212可以将RF波104从高处向下发射至一个或更多个电子设备110，以生成可以提供恰当充电或供电的能量袋106。这种配置特别有利于为车辆后座椅中的电子设备110进行充电或供电。
图4中的天线阵列212可以平面长方形，其尺寸根据天线元件202的数量和配置的不同在约为4×2英寸到约为8×4英寸之间。电缆402可以包括覆盖有绝缘材料的适合导体，电缆402是柔性的并且可以根据应用需求而具有合适的长度。优选地，电缆402能够被布置在发射器102的电路系统模块214与天线阵列212之间，布置方式不得妨碍挡风玻璃的视线，如图4所示。
现在参照图5，无线功率传输500可以包括发射器102，发射器102的电路系统模块214被连接至汽车点烟器308，同时发射器102的天线阵列212可以被布置在车辆的地板502上。与图4相似，天线阵列212可以呈平面长方形，其尺寸根据天线元件202的数量和配置的不同在约为4×2英寸到约为8×4英寸之间。根据该实施例的某些方面，天线阵列212可以由车辆地板脚垫(图5中未示出)覆盖，其中，该天线阵列212能够将RF波104从车辆地板502的底部向上发射至位于乘客座椅中或车辆内任何其他合适位置处的一个或更多个电子设备110，如图5所示。
与图4相似，电缆402能够将电路系统模块214(图5中未示出)可操作地连接至天线阵列212以用于传输RF波104，RF波104能够产生适于为车辆内的一个或更多个电子设备110充电或供电的能量袋106。在该特定的实施例中，天线阵列212可以包括柔性导电材料的适当组合，该组合使得能够传输RF波104，同时避免位于车辆地板502脚垫下的天线阵列212被乘客踩踏时破裂或损坏。
尽管无线功率传输的这些示例性实施例可以将发射器102描述为可以被连接至汽车点烟器308上并且包括天线阵列212的不同配置和位置的独立设备，但是也可以考虑其他的发射器102配置和特征。例如，发射器102的天线阵列212可以被布置在车辆内任何合适的区域(尤其诸如乘客座椅和后座椅、置物箱、和中控台等)中。在其他实施例中，发射器102可以被配置为内置设备，该内置设备可以出厂集成在车辆的合适区域或零件(诸如，遮阳板、遮阳棚、声源器、仪表盘等)中。
图6示出了可以被实现以为车辆内的一个或更多个电子设备110充电的无线功率传输600的简化流程图。该过程可以被应用在无线功率传输300、400、500中。
无线功率传输过程600可以在块602处以无线充电请求开始。接着，在块604处，发射器102可以执行蓝牙扫描以识别出要求无线充电或供电的任何合适的电子设备110。特别地，该蓝牙扫描可以由集成在发射器102的电路系统模块214中的通信部件208来执行。
通过使用蓝牙扫描，在块606处，发射器102可以确定是否存在一个或更多个适于充电或供电的电子设备110。基本上，任何与接收器108可操作地耦接并且能够进行蓝牙通信的合适的电子设备110均可被认为“适于”无线充电或供电。如果不存在适于无线充电或供电的电子设备110，则能够重复地进行蓝牙扫描直到存在至少一个适于无线充电或供电的电子设备110。如果存在一个或更多个适用的电子设备110，则无线功率传输过程600可以继续进行至块608，其中，一个或更多个电子设备110可以登录到在诸如iOS、Android和Windows等任何合适的操作系统中所开发的充电应用。该充电应用可以在发射器102和电子设备110之间建立合适的通信信道，其中，可以根据电子设备110的充电或供电要求来对发射器102的配置进行评估和重新编程。
一个或更多个电子设备110可以访问充电应用以修改发射器102的配置。特别地，在块610处，一个或更多个电子设备110可以通过蓝牙与发射器102通信，并且可以登录到充电应用来根据需要设置充电或供电的优先级。例如，在家庭长途旅行中，充电或供电优先级可以被建立为，首先为诸如便携式游戏机和平板电脑之类用于孩子娱乐的电子设备110充电或通电，之后为父母的诸如智能手机和手提电脑之类的电子设备110充电或供电。通过使用该充电应用还可以来修改诸如功率强度和袋形成的焦点/时机之类的其他发射器102参数。然而，访问发射器102配置的认证可能限于特定的用户，这些特定用户可能需要提供相应的用户证书和密码。
在发射器102中装载充电优先级后，在块612处可以开始向指定的电子设备110传输RF波104，其中，这些RF波104可以在接收器108处生成能量袋106，以先后或者同时为一个或更多个电子设备110供电或充电。在其他实施例中，可以建立不同的充电或供电阈值以便维持合适的操作。例如，可以将最小充电阈值和最大充电阈值分别建立为总电量的大约20％和大约95％，其中，当达到总电量的95％时可以停止对电子设备110充电或供电，并且当电子设备110的总电量下降到20％以下时，可以重新开始为电子设备110充电或供电。
可以在过程中持续进行蓝牙扫描，以便在块614处识别出可能需要无线充电或供电的额外的电子设备110。如果识别出了新的或额外的电子设备110，则可以通过充电应用对发射器102进行评估，以设置这些额外电子设备110的充电或供电优先级。如果蓝牙扫描没有识别出更多的电子设备110，无线功率传输过程600可以在块616处结束。
虽然这里公开了多个方面和实施例，但是还可以考虑其他的方面和实施例。这里公开的多个方面和实施例是为了说明而非限制，下述权利要求指出了本发明的真实范围和精神。

Claims (13)

1.一种车辆内的无线功率传输方法，包括：使用发射器的通信部件来扫描车辆内的可用接收器，所述可用接收器对从所述发射器无线递送的功率进行接收；所述发射器基于所述扫描来识别所述车辆内的所述可用接收器中的接收器，其中，所述接收器被耦接至位于所述车辆内的电子设备；在持续扫描所述车辆内的可用接收器的同时，所述发射器从所述车辆的电源接收电流，所述电流被所述发射器用来生成RF功率波；所述车辆内的所述发射器的通信部件从所述接收器的通信部件接收充电请求，其中，所述充电请求：（i）对应于对从所述发射器无线递送的功率的请求；并且（ii）当所述电子设备的电量水平小于最小电量水平时，由所述接收器进行发送；所述发射器确定用来发送RF功率波的最有效率的轨迹以将三维区域内的相长干涉图样形成为集中在所述接收器处的能量袋，所述最有效率的轨迹包括反射；以及在所述发射器的通信部件持续扫描所述车辆内的可用接收器的同时，所述发射器的天线沿着最有效率的轨迹发射多个RF功率波，该多个RF功率波汇聚以根据由所述发射器的通信部件接收到的信号中所包括的信息在所述接收器的天线处形成所述能量袋，其中，所述接收器被配置为利用所述多个RF功率波来为所述电子设备供电或充电。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述电源是车辆点烟器插座或与所述车辆内电源线的直接连接。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述电子设备是手提电脑、智能手机、便携式游戏设备、平板电脑、手机、或其他具有可充电电池的便携式设备。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述发射器的通信部件使用无线通信协议与所述接收器的通信部件通信。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述无线通信协议在下组中选择：蓝牙、Wi-Fi或Zigbee。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，该方法进一步包括：所述发射器的通信部件从所述接收器的所述通信部件接收所述设备的电池水平信息。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，该方法进一步包括：所述发射器设置扫描过程中识别的任何电子设备的优先级。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，该方法进一步包括：基于设置优先级将所述多个RF功率波导向所述电子设备。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述发射器具有圆柱形状。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法，该方法进一步包括：同时从所述发射器的通信部件发射信号并且从所述发射器的天线发射所述多个RF功率波。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述接收器是第一接收器；所述电子设备是第一电子设备；所述充电请求是第一充电请求；以及所述方法还包括：在持续扫描所述车辆内的可用接收器的同时：所述发射器基于所述扫描来识别所述车辆内的所述可用接收器中的第二接收器，其中，所述第二接收器被耦接至所述车辆中的第二电子设备；所述发射器的通信部件从所述第二接收器的通信部件接收第二充电请求，其中，所述第二充电请求：（i）对应于对从所述发射器无线递送的功率的第二请求；并且（ii）当所述第二电子设备的电量水平小于第二最小电量水平时，由所述第二接收器进行发送；所述发射器确定用来发送RF功率波的最有效率的第二轨迹以将第二三维区域内的相长干涉图样形成为集中在所述第二接收器处的第二能量袋，所述最有效率的第二轨迹包括反射；以及在所述发射器的通信部件持续扫描所述车辆内的可用接收器的同时，所述发射器的天线沿着最有效率的第二轨迹发射额外的多个RF功率波，该额外的多个RF功率波汇聚以根据由所述发射器的通信部件接收到的信号中所包括的信息在所述第二接收器的天线处形成所述第二能量袋，其中，所述第二接收器被配置为利用所述额外的多个RF功率波来为所述第二电子设备供电或充电。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述发射器同时发送所述多个RF功率波和所述额外的多个RF功率波。
13.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述第一电子设备和所述第二电子设备中的至少之一登录到充电应用以针对所述第一电子设备和所述第二电子设备设定充电优先级；以及所述发射器基于所述充电应用中针对所述第一电子设备和所述第二电子设备所设定的所述充电优先级将所述多个RF功率波发送到所述第一电子设备并且将所述额外的多个RF功率波发送到所述第二电子设备。
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