CN105452203A - 甲苯磺酸[18f]-氟烷基酯的改进合成 - Google Patents

甲苯磺酸[18f]-氟烷基酯的改进合成 Download PDF

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CN105452203A
CN105452203A CN201480046453.6A CN201480046453A CN105452203A CN 105452203 A CN105452203 A CN 105452203A CN 201480046453 A CN201480046453 A CN 201480046453A CN 105452203 A CN105452203 A CN 105452203A
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toluenesulphonic acids
ethyl ester
fluoro ethyl
fluoroalkyl
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CN105452203B (zh
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S.卢斯拉
M.E.格拉塞
J.奈内
J.布朗
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    • C07C303/00Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
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Abstract

甲苯磺酸[18F]-氟烷基酯为用于放射合成许多小分子的有用的结构单元。描述了使用自动放射合成装置(例如FASTlab模块)纯化甲苯磺酸[18F]-氟烷基酯的方法。描述了使用FASTlab模块纯化甲苯磺酸[18F]-氟烷基酯的方法,所述FASTlab模块包括固相提取(SPE)纯化系统。

Description

甲苯磺酸[18F]-氟烷基酯的改进合成
背景
标记剂甲苯磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯为用于放射合成许多小分子的广泛使用的结构单元(Musachio,J.L.,Shah,J.&Pike,V.W.Radiosynthesesandreactivitiesofnovel[18F]2-fluoroethylarylsulfonates(新型芳基磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯的放射合成和反应性).J.label.Comp.Radiopharm.48,735-747(2005))。该方案一般用于其中单步法失败的情况(即在基材使用离去基团)。对于成功的烷基化步骤,重要的是以高比放射性和/或化学纯度获得甲苯磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯。当前,产物纯化可以视为甲苯磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯的放射合成中的挑战。优选的文献方法基于制备型HPLC或己烷/乙醚SPE(Wadsak,W.等人.F-18fluoroethylations:differentstrategiesfortherapidtranslationofC-11-methylatedradiotracers(F-18氟乙基化:用于C-11-甲基化放射示踪剂的快速转化的不同方案).Nucl.Med.&Biol.34,1019-1028(2007))。下文所描述的本发明提供了纯化甲苯磺酸[18F]-氟烷基酯的方法。
附图简述
图1A:粗产物的HPLC分析。
图1B:在将2与二甲苯磺酸酯前体1分离中使用tC2SepPak柱用0-100%MeCN洗脱(15min,3mL/min)的HPLC分析。
图1C:在将2与二甲苯磺酸酯前体1分离中使用tC18SepPak柱用0-100%MeCN洗脱(15min,3mL/min)的HPLC分析。
图1D:在将2与二甲苯磺酸酯前体1分离中使用C30柱用0-100%MeCN洗脱(15min,3mL/min)的HPLC分析。
图2A:使用tC18柱在加载粗品2之后随后用30%MeCN等度洗脱(3mL/min)的HPLC分析。在11min之后用100%MeCN洗脱除去前体1。
图2B:使用tC18柱在加载粗品2之后随后用40%MeCN等度洗脱(3mL/min)的HPLC分析。在11min之后用100%MeCN洗脱除去前体1。
图3:在加载包含粗品2的全FASTlab反应体积之后随后进行手动洗脱的tC18柱性能的比较。
图4A:FASTlab盒布置。
图4B:tC18纯化产物的HPLC分析。该柱用35%MeCN/H2O(6.6mL,3份)洗脱。
发明内容
本发明提供了使用自动放射合成装置纯化甲苯磺酸[18F]-氟烷基酯的方法。
本发明的方法提供了使用FASTlab模块纯化甲苯磺酸[18F]-氟烷基酯的方法,所述FASTlab模块包括固相提取(SPE)纯化系统。
本发明提供了使用自动放射合成装置纯化甲苯磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯的方法。
本发明的方法提供了使用FASTlab模块纯化甲苯磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯的方法,所述FASTlab模块包括固相提取(SPE)纯化系统。
根据本发明,甲苯磺酸[18F]-氟烷基酯可以为本领域已知的任何甲苯磺酸[18F]-氟烷基酯。在一个实施方案中,甲苯磺酸[18F]-氟烷基酯为甲苯磺酸[18F]氟甲基酯、甲苯磺酸[18F]-2-氟乙基酯或甲苯磺酸[18F]-3-氟丙基酯(参见例如Pascali,G.,Mazzone,G.,Saccomanni,G.,Manera,C.&Salvadori,P.A.Microfluidicapproachforfastlabelingoptimizationanddose-on-demandimplementation(用于快速标记优化和按需投配实施的微流体方法)。Nucl.Med.Biol.37,547-555(2010))。
在一个实施方案中,甲苯磺酸[18F]-氟烷基酯为甲苯磺酸[18F]3-氟丙基酯(参见例如Tang,G.,Tang,X.,Wang,M.,Luo,L.&Gan,M.FullyautomatedsynthesisofO-(3-[18F]fluoropropyl)-L-tyrosinebydirectnucleophilicexchangeonaquaternary4-aminopyridiniumresin(通过在季铵型4-氨基吡啶鎓树脂上直接亲核交换全自动合成O-(3-[18F]氟丙基)-L-酪氨酸)。Appl.Rad.Isot.58,685-689(2003))。
在一个实施方案中,甲苯磺酸[18F]-氟烷基酯为甲苯磺酸[18F]氟甲基酯或甲苯磺酸[18F]-2-氟乙基酯(参见例如Robins,E.G.等人的Synthesisandinvitroevaluationof18F-labelledS-fluoroalkyldiarylguanidines:Novelhigh-affinityNMDAreceptorantagonistsforimagingwithPET(18F-标记的S-氟烷基二芳基胍的合成和体外评估:用于PET成像的新型高亲和力的NMDA受体拮抗剂)。Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.20,1749-1751(2010))。
在一个实施方案中,甲苯磺酸[18F]-氟烷基酯为甲苯磺酸[18F]氟甲基酯(参见例如Neal,T.R.,Apana,S.&Berridge,M.S.Improvedsynthesisof[18F]fluoromethyltosylate,aconvenientreagentforradiofluoromethylations(甲苯磺酸[18F]氟甲基酯—一种用于放射氟甲基化的方便试剂的改进合成)。J.lab.ComP.&Radiopharm.48,557-568(2005))。
在一个实施方案中,甲苯磺酸[18F]-氟烷基酯为甲苯磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯。
根据本发明,SPE纯化系统可以为本领域已知的任何SPE纯化系统。SPE系统的例子包括,但不限于:tC2、tC18和C30柱,包括大型tC2、大型tC18和C30柱,使用各种洗脱液,例如,但不限于乙腈和乙醇。根据本发明,可以通过适用的放射HPLC系统来实现流速和产物监控。
如文中所述,可以使用本领域已知的方法制备甲苯磺酸[18F]-氟烷基酯。可以在“HandbookofRadiopharmaceuticals(放射药物手册)”(2003;JohnWileyandSons:M.J.Welch和C.S.Redvanly编辑)的第六章中找到公知的18F标记技术的更详细讨论。
在一个实施方案中,可以根据以下方案1由二甲苯磺酸酯1制备甲苯磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯:
方案1
可以通过本领域已知的方式制备放射性同位素[18F]-氟离子。例如,放射性同位素[18F]-氟离子(18F?)通常作为水溶液从核反应18O(p,n)18F获得且通过加入阳离子型反荷离子且随后除去水使其具有反应性。合适的阳离子型反荷离子应当在无水反应溶剂内具有足够溶解度以保持18F?的溶解度。因此,所用的反荷离子包括大而软的金属离子例如铷或铯、与穴状配体例如KryptofixTM络合的钾或四烷基铵盐。优选的反荷离子为与穴状配体例如KryptofixTM络合的钾,原因是其在无水溶剂中良好溶解度和提高的18F?反应性。
自动放射合成装置
存在这种平台装置的多个市售例子,包括TRACERlabTM(例如TRACERlabTMMX)和FASTlabTM(均来自GEHealthcareLtd.)。这种装置通常包括常常一次性的“盒”,在盒中进行放射化学,将盒安装到装置以便进行放射合成。该盒通常包括流体通道、反应容器和用于接受试剂瓶的端口以及用于放射合成后纯化步骤的任何固相提取柱。任选地,在本发明的另一个实施方案中,自动放射合成装置可以连接到高效液相色谱(HPLC)。
因此,本发明提供了用于自动合成甲苯磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯的盒,其包括:
(i)包含含有甲苯磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯的粗反应产物的容器;和
(ii)SPE柱。
根据本发明,本发明的盒还可以任选包括以下中的一个或更多个:
(iv)QMA柱;
(v)QMA洗脱液;和/或
(ix)引导到HPLC系统的管路。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的盒在图4中说明。
实施例1
方法:通过FASTlab模块生产甲苯磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯的粗混合物。使用备选SPE系统(大型tC2、大型tC18和C30)使用乙腈和乙醇洗脱液进行甲苯磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯的纯化。通过适用的放射HPLC系统实现流速和产物监控。
结果:在tC2和tC18柱之间的产物/前体的分离效率中不存在显著区别。C30柱只显示中度的峰拆分。发现由水/35%MeCN(v/v)组成的洗脱液实现了全FASTlab反应混合物的最佳等度tC18柱洗脱,产物回收率为61%(对衰减进行校正)且放射化学纯度>99%。
结论:大型tC18SepPak柱可以用于FASTlab方案来合成和纯化甲苯磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯。

Claims (4)

1.一种方法,其包括以下步骤:
(a)使二甲苯磺酸酯与18F-源反应以形成粗甲苯磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯;和
(b)用SPE系统纯化所述粗甲苯磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯;
其中所述纯化步骤在自动放射合成装置上进行。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中所述自动放射合成装置为FASTlab。
3.用于自动放射合成装置的盒,其包括:
(i)包含含有甲苯磺酸[18F]2-氟乙基酯的粗产物反应混合物的容器;和
(ii)SPE柱。
4.权利要求3的盒,其中所述自动放射合成装置为FASTlab。
CN201480046453.6A 2013-08-22 2014-08-21 甲苯磺酸[18f]-氟烷基酯的改进合成 Active CN105452203B (zh)

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