CN105432523A - Sinibotia reevesae fry and fingerling breeding method - Google Patents
Sinibotia reevesae fry and fingerling breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105432523A CN105432523A CN201510894202.XA CN201510894202A CN105432523A CN 105432523 A CN105432523 A CN 105432523A CN 201510894202 A CN201510894202 A CN 201510894202A CN 105432523 A CN105432523 A CN 105432523A
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 241000664913 Sinibotia reevesae Species 0.000 title abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 241000252185 Cobitidae Species 0.000 claims description 43
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 18
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000595940 Notostraca Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000243251 Hydra Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoniazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 9
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000032843 Hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010003694 Atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000487079 Botiinae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000252206 Cypriniformes Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000207740 Lemna minor Species 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001325 yolk sac Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- -1 B B-complex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006439 Lemna minor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001855 Portulaca oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HEZMRBNCRSVIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium boric acid dihypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-].OB(O)O HEZMRBNCRSVIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001364 causal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000010824 fish disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000225 lethality Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009343 monoculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008395 negative phototaxis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a sinibotia reevesae fry and fingerling breeding method, and relates to freshwater fish fry breeding. The method includes the steps of stocking sinibotia reevesae fries in a fry breeding pool, conducting manual cooperation feed domesticating and water quality adjusting on fries, breeding fries for 15 days to obtain sinibotia reevesae larvae with body lengths of 0.5-0.8 cm, transferring sinibotia reevesae larvae into a fingerling breeding pool to be bred, throwing feed in the fingerling breeding pool, adjusting the water quality of breeding water so that the oxygen dissolution amount of breeding water in the fingerling breeding pool can be larger than 5 mg/L and the ammonia nitrogen content can be smaller than 0.01 mg/L, and breeding larvae for 3 months to obtain sinibotia reevesae fingerlings with body lengths of 4-5 cm. By means of the method, the sinibotia reevesae fry and fingerling breeding technology can be achieved, the sinibotia reevesae fries and fingerlings are produced in batches, and sinibotia reevesae fingerling resources are protected; the survival rate of sinibotia reevesae fries bred through the method reaches 80-85%, and the survival rate of sinibotia reevesae fingerlings reaches 60-70%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to freshwater fish rearing of fingerling, particularly relate to the husky loach fry of expanded letter and fingerling cultivating method.
Background technology
The husky loach of expanded letter (
sinibotiareevesae) be subordinate to Cypriniformes (Cypriniformes), Cobitidae (Cobitidae), Botiinae (Botiinae), be Upper Yangtze River Endemic fish and Important Economic fish.Its egg-laying period be late May to early August, belong to the disposable fish that lay eggs.The husky loach of expanded letter produces demersal egg, and ovum is yellow green or lark, and fertilized egg, at about 24 DEG C, lasts 26 ~ 28h hatching.Under wild condition, its fry hatching needs to carry out in longer natural section.In recent years, owing to extremely catching and hydraulic engineering construction and adopt sand operation to its breeding environment and the destruction in feeding ground, distribution is atrophy gradually, and wild resource amount declines obviously, and the artificial propagation of relevant expanded letter sand loach has no report.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem that the husky loach resource of expanded letter obviously declines, the invention provides the husky fry of loach of a kind of expanded letter and the method for nurture of fish fingerlings, the husky loach survival rate of fish fry of expanded letter that the inventive method is cultivated reaches 80% ~ 85%, fingerling survival rate 60% ~ 70%.
For realizing object of the present invention, the invention provides the method for the husky loach seed rearing of a kind of expanded letter, comprising:
Husky for expanded letter after incubation of membrane loach fry is put in a suitable place to breed in the fry rearing pond through disinfecting, carries out the husky loach fry rearing of expanded letter;
Artifical compound feed acclimation is carried out to the husky loach fry of the expanded letter of putting in a suitable place to breed in fry rearing pond, and according to the artifical compound feed acclimation stage, the aquaculture water in described cultivation pond is regulated, the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water in fry rearing pond is made to be greater than 5mg/L, ammonia-nitrogen content is less than 0.01mg/L, cultivate after 15 days, the expanded letter husky loach crow obtaining the long 0.5 ~ 0.8cm of body is young;
Use siphon principle by young from the sucking-off of fry rearing pond for the expanded letter husky loach crow obtained, turn in the nurture of fish fingerlings pond of supporting through disinfecting and carry out the husky loach nurture of fish fingerlings of expanded letter;
To throw something and feed in the nurture of fish fingerlings pond of putting the husky loach fingerling of expanded letter in a suitable place to breed bait, and water quality adjustment is carried out to aquaculture water, make the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water in nurture of fish fingerlings pond be greater than 5mg/L, ammonia-nitrogen content is less than 0.01mg/L, cultivate after 3 months, obtain the husky loach fingerling of the long 4 ~ 5cm expanded letter of body.
Wherein, the breeding density in described fry rearing stage is 20,000 ~ 2.5 ten thousand tails/m
3.
Wherein, the breeding density in described nurture of fish fingerlings stage is 800 ~ 1000 tails/m
3.
The husky loach offspring seed cultivation method of expanded letter provided by the invention, also comprises and carries out disease control process to turning the expanded letter of supporting in nurture of fish fingerlings pond husky loach crow son, specifically:
Formalin is added, for preventing trichodinasis in nurture of fish fingerlings pond;
Latter 2 months during nurture of fish fingerlings, the every 15 days rich strength iodine of full pool spilling head essence, more renewed water after 3 days, for preventing the bacterial diseases of fishes.
Wherein, the described dose adding formalin in nurture of fish fingerlings pond: every m
3water body 40% formaldehyde stoste 20ml.
Wherein, the usage amount of the rich strength iodine of essence is every m
3the rich strength iodine 0.1ml of water body essence.
Wherein, disinfect described in and comprise:
According to cultivation pond volume, add bleaching powder or potassium permanganate, being mixed with concentration is that the antiseptic solution of 20ppm carries out immersion treatment to cultivation pond, to remove the pests such as the hydra cultivated on the pool wall of pond;
Cultivation pond after sterilization immersion treatment is carried out embathing process twice, to eliminate the antiseptic solution cultivated in pond, the cultivation pond after the process that is sterilized.
Wherein, described fry rearing pond can adopt bleaching powder or potassium permanganate process, and nurture of fish fingerlings pond adopts bleaching powder process.
Wherein, one or more in ripe yolk, fairy shrimp, artificial Microparticle diet and artifical compound feed are selected in described artifical compound feed domestication.
Wherein, described artifical compound feed is formulated by fish meal, dregs of beans, secondary powder, B B-complex, composite mineral matter, bait, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, vegetable oil and fish oil.
Wherein, the particle diameter of described artificial Microparticle diet is less than 250 μm.
Wherein, described artifical compound feed acclimation comprises:
At 3rd ~ 4 days that fry is put in a suitable place to breed, in fry rearing pond, throw in ripe yolk, carry out first stage acclimation;
At 5 ~ 7 days that fry is put in a suitable place to breed, in fry rearing pond, throw in fairy shrimp, carry out second stage acclimation;
At 8 ~ 10 days that fry is put in a suitable place to breed, in fry rearing pond, throw in artificial Microparticle diet and artifical compound feed powder, carry out phase III acclimation;
At 11 ~ 15 days that fry is put in a suitable place to breed, in fry rearing pond, throw in the bait group that artifical compound feed powder is obtained, carry out fourth stage acclimation.
Wherein, when carrying out first stage acclimation, throw something and feed the ripe yolk of open-mouthed bait in full pond.
Wherein, after the 5th day that fry is put in a suitable place to breed, carry out fixed point and throw something and feed, daily ration, feeding quantity remains a small amount of residual bait for degree at every turn after throwing something and feeding 1 hour.
Preferably, the time period that described fixed point is thrown something and fed be every day 8:00 ~ 9:00,13:00 ~ 14:00,18:00 ~ 19:00.
Wherein, during the domestication of described phase III, artificial Microparticle diet and artifical compound feed add ripe yolk water and mix and feed, and the ratio of artificial Microparticle diet and artifical compound feed and ripe yolk water is 1:1-2.Wherein, the ratio of described artificial Microparticle diet and artifical compound feed powder is 1:1-2.
Wherein, during affiliated fourth stage domestication, bait group mixes obtained by artifical compound feed and water with the ratio of 1:1-2.
Wherein, during described nurture of fish fingerlings, bait is above-mentioned artifical compound feed, adds water and makes bait group, every day 8:00 ~ 9:00,13:00 ~ 14:00,18:00 ~ 19:00 fixed point throws something and feeds, daily ration, feeding quantity is to remain a small amount of residual bait after throwing something and feeding 1 hour for degree at every turn.
Wherein, the described artifical compound feed acclimation stage comprises the purification of water quality process in described fry rearing pond:
Fry 1st ~ 2 days of putting in a suitable place to breed, adopt siphon method to remove the dead lopsided fry sunk to the bottom at the bottom of described cultivation pond;
Fry 3rd ~ 4 days of putting in a suitable place to breed, when throwing in the ripe yolk of open-mouthed bait in cultivation pond, change every day and cultivate water in pond 3 times, each replacing is, before bait throwing in, the water cultivating in pond 50% ~ 80% is replaced by new water.
Fry 5th ~ 15 days of putting in a suitable place to breed, change the aquaculture water once cultivated in pond every day, and changing the water time is, before bait throwing in the morning, the water cultivating in pond 50% ~ 80% is replaced by new water.
Particularly, described water quality adjustment also comprises:
The bait group that yolk water+artificial Microparticle diet of ingesting from seed mixes starts, and in cultivation pond, arrange food platform, food platform is positioned near fish tile of hiding, and each bait throwing in removed residual bait by siphon method after 1 hour, makes aquaculture water keep clean;
Be fry and the oxygenation of nurture of fish fingerlings pond by spiral vortex type blowing aeration machine, make the dissolved oxygen amount of aquaculture water be greater than 5mg/L;
Every first quarter moon upgrades the aquaculture water in nurture of fish fingerlings pond, makes aquaculture water keep fresh;
In nurture of fish fingerlings pond, plant duckweed, utilize the nitrogenous fertilizer that organic substance decomposing produces, make the content of ammonia nitrogen in aquaculture water be less than 0.01mg/L.
Wherein, describedly renewal carried out to the aquaculture water in nurture of fish fingerlings pond comprise:
When adding water in the nurture of fish fingerlings pond of only surplus 1/3 aquaculture water, water inlet overlaps a plastic flexible pipe that is longer, that can keep flat at the bottom of pond, current are made to form circulation around pond, now, fingerling top stream is conducive to fingerling and takes exercise and reduce stress reaction, and by the effect that current flow in pond, residual bait and ight soil are concentrated on a place, be convenient to dirt at the bottom of pond to be concentrated by siphon method discharge.
Wherein, described fry rearing pond is 1.0m × 0.65m × 0.45m glass aquarium, depth of water 0.35-0.4m.
Wherein, described nurture of fish fingerlings pond is 9.0m × 6.0m × 0.8m cement pit, depth of water 0.4-0.6m, and water inlet and delivery port are that diagonal is arranged, and delivery port overlap the plastic conduit of water level controlled, and pipeline upper end has yarn thin,tough silk to close, and fish is escaped in control; Roll oblique 2 ° to delivery port at the bottom of pond, after the nurture of fish fingerlings stage terminates, take away delivery port upper bush, fingerling can be collected from the outer vent of delivery port.
Advantage of the present invention:
1, the husky loach fingerlings of a large amount of expanded letters successfully cultivated of the husky loach offspring seed cultivation method of expanded letter provided by the invention; can be used for enhancement releasing; the husky loach of expanded letter can be solved owing to extremely catching and hydraulic engineering construction and adopt the destruction of sand operation to its breeding environment and feeding ground; distribution is atrophy gradually; wild resource amount declines obvious problem, protects the germ plasm resource of the husky loach of expanded letter.
2, breeding method provided by the invention is taken exercise and rationally bait throwing in by breeding density control, water quality adjustment, fish disease prevention and cure, fingerling, it is made to keep good condition of health and best growth, survival rate of fish fry reaches 80% ~ 85%, fingerling survival rate 60% ~ 70%.
3, the present invention adopts less fry rearing pond and nurture of fish fingerlings pond to carry out high density cultivation to fry and fingerling; breeding method is simple, cost is low, the time is short, efficiency is high, has important directive significance for the plasm resource protection of the husky loach of expanded letter, scale artificial culture.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, advantage and disadvantage of the present invention will be more clear along with description.But these embodiments are only exemplary, do not form any restriction to scope of the present invention.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and can modify to the details of technical solution of the present invention and form or replace down without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these amendments and replacement all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Embodiment
1, the disinfecting of fry rearing pond
Select 1.0m × 0.65m × 0.45m glass aquarium as fry rearing pond.First, aquarium is filled water, and calculate water body volume, being 20ppm, adding required bleaching powder according to adding the final concentration after bleaching powder, mixing, soaks 24 hours, carries out a thorough disinfection to fry rearing pond, to remove the pests such as hydra on pool wall; Afterwards, in cultivation pond, add running water, embathe secondary, soak 2 ~ 3 hours when embathing, to eliminate residual disinfection drug at every turn; Finally, in cultivation pond, add aeration running water, make pool inner water deeply reach 0.35 ~ 0.4m.
It should be noted that, the liquor potassic permanganate that use final concentration is 20ppm carries out rinsing sterilization to cultivation pond and is equally applicable to the present invention.
2, the cultivation of fry
Put in a suitable place to breed in the fry rearing pond after sterilization by husky for expanded letter after incubation of membrane loach fry, breeding density is 2 ~ 2.5 ten thousand tails/m
3.
The artifical compound feed domestication of 2.1 fries and the adjustment of water quality
Fry puts 1st ~ 2 days in a suitable place to breed, now, the husky loach fry of expanded letter is in the yolk-sac larva stage, main dependence yolk supply nutrition, this phase not bait throwing in, needs to adopt the dead fry of siphon method removing at the bottom of pond, and uses Scroll-tupe blowing aeration machine for cultivating pond oxygenation, to ensure that water quality is pure and fresh, dissolved oxygen amount is greater than 5mg/L.
Fry puts 3rd ~ 4 days in a suitable place to breed, and yolk sac disappears, and transfers exogenous nutrition to by Inner nutrition, fry initial feeding, now, and the ripe yolk of open-mouthed bait of throwing something and feeding to fry rearing pond.Feeding time be every day 8:00 ~ 9:00,13:00 ~ 14:00,18:00 ~ 19:00.With yolk as the feeding method of open-mouthed bait be: in little basin, add a small amount of water, well-done yolk double gauze is wrapped up, the ripe yolk of extruding double gauze parcel, rinsing goes out yolk water, evenly splash in fry rearing pond, each feeding volume is that 100,000 tail fries feed 1 ripe egg yolk, and fry has a white line in the visible fish body of naked eyes on a full stomach.Pure and fresh for ensureing fry pond water quality, yolk of at every turn throwing something and feeding is front is replaced by new water by the water cultivating in pond 50% ~ 80%, injury to fry when changing water for reducing, changing water method is: the frame that the above plastic basket of yarn silk outsourcing degree of depth 15cm being less than 0.5mm with net footpath is made is placed in fry rearing pond, the upper edge of frame exceeds the water surface, sucking-off breeding water in frame, also adds in frame by new water when adding new water, avoids current to fling fry.This phase, also need to use Scroll-tupe blowing aeration machine for cultivating pond oxygenation, to ensure that water quality is pure and fresh, dissolved oxygen amount was greater than 5mg/L except changing except water.
Fry puts 5th ~ 7 days, 8 ~ 10 days, 11 ~ 15 days in a suitable place to breed, throw in fairy shrimp successively, artifical compound feed powder that artificial Microparticle diet that ratio is 1:1-2 and artifical compound feed powder, ratio are 1:1-2 and the bait group that water is made, artifical compound feed domestication is carried out to fry.This phase, fry has negative phototaxis, and Burden-Swimming Ability of KM is comparatively strong, can concentrate and ingest.Therefore tile etc. need be placed in cultivation one jiao, pond, hide for fry; Near fish tile of hiding, place diameter 10 ~ 15cm plate during bait throwing in as food platform, bait group is placed in food platform, carries out fixed point and throw something and feed, knock cultivation pool wall when throwing something and feeding, set up the condition reflects; The bait throwing in time is 8:00 ~ 9:00,13:00 ~ 14:00,18:00 ~ 19:00, and daily ration, feeding quantity remains a small amount of residual bait for degree at every turn after throwing something and feeding; Residual bait in food platform is removed in each bait throwing in after 1 hour, and cleaning food platform.This phase, change the water cultivating in pond 50% ~ 80% before bait throwing in morning every day, and be the oxygenation of fry rearing pond by spiral vortex type blowing aeration machine, make the dissolved oxygen amount of aquaculture water be greater than 5mg/L.
Through fry rearing in 15 days, the expanded letter husky loach crow that can obtain the long 0.5 ~ 0.8cm of body was young.
The disease control in 2.2 fry rearing stages
The fry rearing stage, fry was very delicate, was subject to the biology such as hydra on pool wall, and the impact of change of water quality, and meanwhile, the fry stage also should not adopt drug disinfection.Therefore, the key measure of fry rearing stage disease control is: 1. sterilize thoroughly to fry rearing pond with the bleaching powder of 20ppm or potassium permanganate, and rinsing, kills the biology of harm fry; 2. carry out strict process to fry rearing water, prevent causal organism from entering, this method adopts the aeration running water of 2 days as fry rearing stage breeding water; 3. note changing water, keep water quality pure and fresh; 4. be fry and the oxygenation of nurture of fish fingerlings pond by spiral vortex type blowing aeration machine, make the dissolved oxygen amount of aquaculture water be greater than 5mg/L.
3, the disinfecting of nurture of fish fingerlings pond
Arrange in indoor length, width and height be the cement pit of 9.0m × 6.0m × 0.8m as nurture of fish fingerlings pond, and fingerling pond corner lay tile, hide for fingerling.Crow son to enter before pond 5 ~ 7 days, soaks nurture of fish fingerlings pond 1 day, with thorough disinfection with 20ppm Eusol, afterwards, rinsing nurture of fish fingerlings pond, and add aeration running water, make pool inner water deeply reach 0.4m, put tens of tail fingerling examination water after 2 days in a suitable place to breed, when examination water fingerling is out of question, put fingerling in a suitable place to breed on a large scale.
4, the cultivation of fingerling
Expanded letter husky loach nurture of fish fingerlings mode is monoculture.The young siphon principle that uses of expanded letter step 2 obtained husky loach crow is from the sucking-off of fry rearing pond, and turn in the nurture of fish fingerlings pond of supporting through disinfecting, breeding density is 800 ~ 1000 tails/m
2.
The input of 4.1 fingerling bait and the adjustment of water quality
Because the husky loach fingerling of expanded letter is more timid, therefore food platform is set near fish tile of hiding, ingests to facilitate fingerling.During nurture of fish fingerlings, bait is laboratory self-control artifical compound feed.Take from artificial feed processed during bait throwing in add suitable quantity of water and rub and make bait group, be placed in food platform ingest in 8:00 ~ 9:00,13:00 ~ 14:00,18:00 ~ 19:00 for fingerling, daily ration, feeding quantity remains a small amount of residual bait for degree at every turn after throwing something and feeding.
It should be noted that artifical compound feed that the present invention uses uses according to number of patent application for 201410108079.X prepares, compound method refers to the patent content that application number is 201410108079.X.
After every day, fingerling ingested, remove residual bait in food platform in time and makes aquaculture water keep clean.Every first quarter moon more renews water after carrying out disinfection to breeding water body, ensures that water quality is pure and fresh, 2/3 aquaculture water of more exchanging treaties when at every turn changing water.When adding new water in cultivation pond, water inlet overlaps a plastic flexible pipe that is longer, that can keep flat at the bottom of pond, and when adding water, current form circulation around pond, and fingerling top flow, are conducive to fingerling and take exercise and minimizing stress reaction; Meanwhile, residual bait and ight soil are concentrated on a place by the effect of being flowed in pond by current, utilize siphon method by dirt sucking-off at the bottom of pond.
During nurture of fish fingerlings, 2 diameter 50cm aeration oxygen replenishing dishes are set bottom nurture of fish fingerlings pond and carry out bottom oxygenation, and in nurture of fish fingerlings pond plantation duckweed to remove the nitrogen in aquaculture water, make the dissolved oxygen amount of aquaculture water be greater than 5mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is lower than 0.01mg/L.
Through the nurture of fish fingerlings of 3 months, expanded letter husky loach fingerling body length can reach 4 ~ 5cm.
The disease control in 4.2 nurture of fish fingerlings stages
The harm of trichodinasis and the bacterial diseases of fishes is vulnerable to during nurture of fish fingerlings.Trichodinasis mainly occurred at first 1 month of the nurture of fish fingerlings stage; Its preventive measure were: at 1st month of nurture of fish fingerlings, every 15 days full pool spilling head formalin (doses: every m
3water body 40% formaldehyde stoste 20ml), more renew water after 3 days; As there is trichodinasis, then as above method continuous use more renewed water after 3 days.Latter 2 months of nurture of fish fingerlings, the easy generation bacterial diseases of fishes, the sick fish Symptoms of their early stage is that each fin base portion, the gill and liver are hemorrhage, minimizings of ingesting, sick fish movement exception (spinning in water), time serious, bleeding of skin, and fester in bleeding of skin position, the morbidity of this disease is anxious, and lethality is high.Preventive measure were: at latter 2 months of nurture of fish fingerlings, within every 15 days, won strength iodine (dose: 1m by essence
3the rich strength iodine 0.1ml of water body essence) full pool spilling head after thin up, more renew water after 3 days; During as this disease occurs, the rich strength iodine of essence is used more to renew water after 3 days continuously.
Claims (10)
1. the method for the husky loach seed rearing of expanded letter, is characterized in that, comprising:
Husky for expanded letter after incubation of membrane loach fry is put in a suitable place to breed in the fry rearing pond through disinfecting, carries out the husky loach fry rearing of expanded letter;
Artifical compound feed acclimation is carried out to the husky loach fry of the expanded letter of putting in a suitable place to breed in fry rearing pond, and according to the artifical compound feed acclimation stage, the aquaculture water in described cultivation pond is regulated, the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water in fry rearing pond is made to be greater than 5mg/L, ammonia-nitrogen content is less than 0.01mg/L, cultivate after 15 days, the expanded letter husky loach crow obtaining the long 0.5 ~ 0.8cm of body is young;
Use siphon principle by young from the sucking-off of fry rearing pond for the expanded letter husky loach crow obtained, turn in the nurture of fish fingerlings pond of supporting through disinfecting and carry out the husky loach nurture of fish fingerlings of expanded letter;
To throw something and feed in the nurture of fish fingerlings pond of putting the husky loach fingerling of expanded letter in a suitable place to breed bait, and water quality adjustment is carried out to aquaculture water, make the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water in nurture of fish fingerlings pond be greater than 5mg/L, ammonia-nitrogen content is less than 0.01mg/L, cultivate after 3 months, obtain the husky loach fingerling of the long 4 ~ 5cm expanded letter of body.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the breeding density in described fry rearing stage is 20,000 ~ 2.5 ten thousand tails/m
3.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the breeding density in described nurture of fish fingerlings stage is 800 ~ 1000 tails/m
3.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises and carries out disease control process to turning the expanded letter of supporting in nurture of fish fingerlings pond husky loach crow son, specifically:
Formalin is added, for preventing trichodinasis in nurture of fish fingerlings pond;
Latter 2 months during nurture of fish fingerlings, the every 15 days rich strength iodine of full pool spilling head essence, more renewed water after 3 days, for preventing the bacterial diseases of fishes.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described in disinfect and comprise:
According to cultivation pond volume, add bleaching powder or potassium permanganate, being mixed with concentration is that the antiseptic solution of 20ppm carries out immersion treatment to cultivation pond, to remove the pests such as the hydra cultivated on the pool wall of pond;
Cultivation pond after sterilization immersion treatment is carried out embathing process twice, to eliminate the antiseptic solution cultivated in pond, the cultivation pond after the process that is sterilized.
Wherein, described fry rearing pond adopts bleaching powder or potassium permanganate process, and nurture of fish fingerlings pond adopts bleaching powder process.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described artifical compound feed acclimation select in ripe yolk, fairy shrimp, artificial Microparticle diet and artifical compound feed one or more.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described artifical compound feed acclimation comprises:
At 3rd ~ 4 days that fry is put in a suitable place to breed, in fry rearing pond, throw in ripe yolk, carry out first stage acclimation;
At 5 ~ 7 days that fry is put in a suitable place to breed, in fry rearing pond, throw in fairy shrimp, carry out second stage acclimation;
At 8 ~ 10 days that fry is put in a suitable place to breed, in fry rearing pond, throw in artificial Microparticle diet and artifical compound feed powder, carry out phase III acclimation;
At 11 ~ 15 days that fry is put in a suitable place to breed, in fry rearing pond, throw in the bait group that artifical compound feed powder is obtained, carry out fourth stage acclimation.
8. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, describedly carries out adjustment according to the artifical compound feed acclimation stage to the breeding water body in described fry rearing pond and comprises:
Fry 1st ~ 2 days of putting in a suitable place to breed, adopt siphon method to remove the dead lopsided fry sunk to the bottom at the bottom of described cultivation pond;
Fry 3rd ~ 4 days of putting in a suitable place to breed, when throwing in the ripe yolk of open-mouthed bait in cultivation pond, change every day and cultivate water in pond 3 times, each replacing is, before bait throwing in, the water cultivating in pond 50% ~ 80% is replaced by new water.
Fry 5th ~ 15 days of putting in a suitable place to breed, change the aquaculture water once cultivated in pond every day, and changing the water time is, before bait throwing in the morning, the water cultivating in pond 50% ~ 80% is replaced by new water.
9. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described fry rearing pond is 1.0m × 0.65m × 0.45m glass aquarium, depth of water 0.35-0.4m.
10. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described nurture of fish fingerlings pond is 9.0m × 6.0m × 0.8m cement pit, depth of water 0.4-0.6m, water inlet and delivery port are that diagonal is arranged, and delivery port overlap the plastic conduit of water level controlled, pipeline upper end has yarn thin,tough silk to close, and fish is escaped in control; Roll oblique 2 ° to delivery port at the bottom of pond, after the nurture of fish fingerlings stage terminates, take away delivery port upper bush, fingerling can be collected from the outer vent of delivery port.
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