CN105414155A - Harmless treatment method and harmless treatment device for industrial petroleum wastes - Google Patents
Harmless treatment method and harmless treatment device for industrial petroleum wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN105414155A CN105414155A CN201511000840.9A CN201511000840A CN105414155A CN 105414155 A CN105414155 A CN 105414155A CN 201511000840 A CN201511000840 A CN 201511000840A CN 105414155 A CN105414155 A CN 105414155A
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a harmless treatment method and a harmless treatment device for industrial petroleum wastes. The method comprises the following steps: performing microwave heating treatment by taking industrial petroleum wastes or pre-treated industrial petroleum wastes as a microwave pyrolytic raw material; heating to a temperature of 500 to 1400 DEG C; controlling the temperature increment speed in a temperature increasing process in which the material is heated to the temperature of 350 to 400 DEG C to be 10 to 50DEG C/min; controlling the microwave treatment time after the material is heated to the temperature of 350 to 400 DEG C to be 5min to 30min; carbonizing and pyrolyzing the raw material into a gas phase part and a solid phase part during the microwave heating process, and respectively recycling the gas phase part and the solid phase part. The invention also provides the harmless treatment device for the industrial petroleum wastes. In the method provided by the invention, heat energy can be fully utilized; energy consumption is relatively low; the method has the advantages of good operability, stable system, low cost, totally-harmless treatment products and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for innocent treatment and device of petroleum industry discarded object, belong to petroleum industry Waste Disposal Technology field.
Background technology
In In Oil Field Exploration And Development process, inevitably produce a large amount of mixtures (hereinafter referred to as petroleum industry discarded object) containing oil, water, bentonite, silt, petroleum assistant and drilling cuttings etc., containing a large amount of mineral oil, high molecular polymer, phenolic compound, heavy metal and other noxious materials in these petroleum industry discarded objects, especially organic matter wherein, if its direct discharge can be caused the pollution of soil, earth's surface and underground water, and then directly or indirectly can produce harm to plant, animal and human health.Therefore, first must carry out harmless treatment to petroleum industry discarded object, meet discharging standards to make it and discharged again, otherwise serious environmental protection accident can be caused.So carry out petroleum industry discarded object harmless treatment work, for protection of the environment, the equal tool of cleaner production realizing petroleum industry is of great significance.In order to the requirement of the preservation law regulation that conforms, reduce discarded object freight and land disposal cost in offshore oil field development process, external each major oil companies research and develop the treatment in situ new technology of the discarded object produced in In Oil Field Exploration And Development process one after another.The technology developed at present has re-injection method (injecting annular space or safe formation), burning method, heat treating process (way of distillation), drilling cuttings cleaning technique, centrifugal separation, solvent treatment method and biological treatment etc.
Now above-mentioned existing petroleum industry refuse processing method is briefly introduced:
Re-injection method, the method utilizes hydraulic fracturing technology, the target zone of selection is carried out pressure break and forms many cracks, then oil containing waste is ground to form the slurry being not more than 300 micron grain sizes, inject stratum.The defect of this technology is: 1, the method will consume a large amount of water resources, and average a bite well will consume 3-20 ten thousand side water; 2, cost is high, because first the method will beat reinjection well, also will carry out in addition grinding and injecting; 3, pollution sources just shift by the method, may produce potential hazard risk to ground water regime and probably bring out geological disaster like this.
Microorganism treatment, the method be screening and culturing is gone out introduce in oil-containing waste oil sludge addicted to oily bacterium, by 5-7 days Bacteria Culture and breeding, oil is degraded to low molecular chemical substance (as methane, acid, biosurfactant etc.), to reach the object of oil removing.The defect of this technology is: 1, holding time is long, is generally 5-7 days, and elder can reach 20 days; 2, floor space is large; 3, process oil-containing only to degrade 40-65%, the highlyest also just reach 85%; Then cannot degrade for other polymer substance.
Microwave distillation facture, the method be in micro-wave oven with the water in oily waste for inhaling ripple medium, by heating waste oil sludge, the oil in landwaste is distilled; The shortcoming of the method, 1, due to heating-up temperature low (about 200 DEG C), can not process completely for mink cell focus, also not give harmless treatment for polymeric additive, after process, oil content still reaches 2.2%; 2, efficiency of energy utilization is low, is not used by the self-energy in greasy filth, causes the wasting of resources.
Solidification method, the method be add in waste oil sludge about 20% curing agent (main component is concrete grey), stir fully, place solidification in 2-8 hour, last emergency burial.The shortcoming of the method is, 1, substantially do not eliminate organic, and just play masking action, there is potential injury risk; 2, along with the degraded gradually of pollutant, can discharge gradually after it is converted into micro-molecular gas, further contaminated environment, 3, the method belongs to method of addition, not only not reduce discarded object, and add discarded amount.
Electromagnetic oven cracking process, the method, for adopting electromagnetic oven heating greasy filth or drilling cuttings, is distilled pyrolysis under the high temperature conditions and is gone out light components, thus reach the object of harmless treatment.Electromagnetic oven utilizes electromagnetic induction eddy current principle of heating to carry out work, when by when being positioned over boiler face bottom irony pan, namely pan cuts alternate magnetic force line and produces the electric current (i.e. eddy current) of alternation at pan bottom metal portion, eddy current makes the random motion of pan iron molecule high speed, and molecule collides with each other, rub and produce heat energy and make utensil at a high speed heating voluntarily itself; From the angle of Conversion of Energy, the conversion process of energy of electromagnetic oven is: the heat energy of electric energy-electromagnetic energy-pan; Then pan is by heating heat transfer it to greasy filth or drill cuttings waste, and the efficiency of heating surface will inevitably be caused like this to reduce.
The following problem of petroleum industry Waste Disposal Technology (comprising said method) ubiquity conventional at present:
1, disposal cost is high; There is the high problem of cost in the high-efficiency curing agent used as cuttings re-injection method, solidification method;
2, produce other to pollute; As burning method needs burning facility, investment cost is higher, and can release poisonous and harmful substances when burning, and then produces secondary pollution;
3, oil removal rate is low; Differ greatly apart from " zero-emission standard ";
4, treatment cycle is large compared with long, floor space, is unwell to in-situ processing; As biological treatment etc.
Along with the enforcement of new environmental regulation, the total development trend of petroleum industry discarded object be innoxious, withered and fallenly, summary, cost degradation.Therefore, carry out low cost, simple, efficient, withered and fallen, innoxious process for treating is petroleum industry discarded object harmless treat developing direction.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the aforesaid drawbacks and deficiency, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of harmless treatment device of petroleum industry discarded object.
The present invention also aims to the method for innocent treatment that a kind of petroleum industry discarded object is provided.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of method for innocent treatment of petroleum industry discarded object, the method comprises the following steps:
Using petroleum industry discarded object or pretreated petroleum industry discarded object as microwave-heating raw material, carry out microwave heating treatment, make it be warming up to 500-1400 DEG C; Wherein, the heating rate that control material is heated in the temperature-rise period of 350-400 DEG C is 10-50 DEG C/min, and the microwave treatment time controlled after material is warming up to 350-400 DEG C is 5-30min;
It is gas phase portion and solid fraction that microwave heating treatment process Raw is carbonized pyrolysis, recycles respectively.
According to method of the present invention, preferably, material is heated in the temperature-rise period of 350-400 DEG C and produces water vapour and concentrated greasy filth; Concentrated greasy filth continues charing pyrolysis and produces cracking oil gas and the dry landwaste ash of solid phase under microwave action; Described cracking oil gas is carried out separation and obtains fluid and fuel gas;
By the heat recovery and utilization of water vapour and the dry landwaste ash of solid phase.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, condensation method can be adopted to be separated to obtain the step of fluid and fuel gas to described cracking oil gas.Further, described cracking gas can adopt condenser to be separated, and is separated the fluid obtaining being used as base fluid with slurry, fuel oil or naphtha after terminating; For recycle or innoxious burning on the spot fuel gas and reach the condensed water of discharge standard.Wherein, described fuel gas mainly refers to the gas containing C1-C4 hydrocarbon.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dry landwaste ash of described solid phase can adopt the method recycling waste heat wherein of heat radiation or spray water, generate water vapour to carry out cooling to it, and heat described greasy filth solid waste or greasy filth solid mixture by the method for heat exchange.Wherein, the heat exchange of the dry landwaste ash of described solid phase is carried out in a heat insulating and sealing container, takes shower water or self condensed water concentrated to take away waste heat.
According to method of the present invention, particularly, main containing dry landwaste and coke in the dry landwaste ash obtained, wherein not containing environmentally harmful organic substance.
According to method of the present invention, preferably, the method also comprises and carries out following pretreated step to petroleum industry discarded object:
Isolate the clear liquid phase in petroleum industry discarded object, the mass percentage controlling solid formation in the petroleum industry discarded object as microwave-heating raw material is 20-90%.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, described separation comprises adopting centrifugal process or vibrating sieve method carries out Separation of Solid and Liquid process to petroleum industry discarded object, obtain clear liquid phase and greasy filth solid waste, described clear liquid is returned mutually the oil well working solution be used as in oilfield development process and continue to use.Further, 1-3 level centrifugal process or 1-3 level vibration sieve method can be adopted to carry out Separation of Solid and Liquid to petroleum industry discarded object.
According to method of the present invention, preferably, as being added with the additive having and inhale wave energy in the petroleum industry discarded object of microwave-heating raw material, under microwave heating condition, there is following heating rate to make microwave-heating raw material: the heating rate be heated to the temperature-rise period of 350-400 DEG C from material initial temperature is 10-50 DEG C/min;
More preferably, described additive comprises the combination of one or more in residual oil, coal, coal tar, coal tar pitch, asphalt, coal tar, petroleum coke, active carbon;
Further preferably, described additive comprises the combination of one or more in graphite, carborundum, inorganic salts, metal and metal composite.
According to method of the present invention, preferably, in the gross weight of petroleum industry discarded object or pretreated petroleum industry discarded object for 100%, described in there is the additive inhaling wave energy addition be 0-50wt%.
Described microwave frequency is 300MHz-300GHz, and in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microwave frequency used is respectively 915MHz and 2450MHz.
According to method of the present invention, by the heat recovery and utilization of water vapour and the dry landwaste ash of solid phase with preheating material, therefore material initial temperature is relevant with preheating degree.
Present invention also offers a kind of device of the method for innocent treatment for realizing the above-mentioned petroleum industry discarded object of right, this device comprise bucket elevator, loading hopper, microwave device, with the conveyer of conveyer belt and solid waste storage cylinder; Wherein:
Described microwave device comprises microwave heating box body; The described microwave device gas be provided with for producing in petroleum industry castoff heat solution preocess discharges the exhaust outlet of microwave heating box body;
Described bucket elevator is the bucket elevator for petroleum industry discarded object being added loading hopper;
Described loading hopper be for receive the petroleum industry discarded object that comes from bucket elevator and by it laid loading hopper on the conveyer belt of conveyer;
Described conveyer is the conveyer for dry for the solid phase produced after petroleum industry discarded object charing pyrolysis landwaste ash being sent to solid waste storage cylinder;
Described solid waste storage cylinder is connected with the discharging port of conveyer belt is airtight by fast interface;
Described loading hopper, to be sealed in microwave heating box body for the conveyer belt transmitting petroleum industry discarded object.
According to device of the present invention, preferably, described conveyer belt is adopt stainless steel make and have the conveyer belt of high temperature resistant heat insulation material at its Surface coating.Described high temperature resistant heat insulation material is the conventional substances that this area uses, and in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it comprises refractory brick, ceramic material etc.
According to device of the present invention, preferably, this device also comprises filter, gas compressing apparatus, condensing unit and oil-gas-water three-phase separation;
Described exhaust outlet is connected with filter by pipeline, and this filter is connected with condensing unit via gas compressing apparatus by pipeline, and described condensing unit is connected with oil-gas-water three-phase separation by pipeline.
According to device of the present invention, preferably, described exhaust outlet is equipped with soot filtration device.In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, described soot filtration device is filter bag, and it can the temperature of resistance to 50-650 DEG C.
According to device of the present invention, preferably, described bucket elevator is provided with superheated vapour or nitrogen inlet; And its outlet is provided with oxygen concentration measurement device.Wherein, described superheated vapour or nitrogen can play the effect of sealing, to control oxygen content not higher than 8%, are preferably 5%.
According to device of the present invention, described bucket elevator, loading hopper, microwave device, with the conveyer of conveyer belt and solid waste storage cylinder, filter, gas compressing apparatus, condensing unit, oil-gas-water three-phase separation and oxygen concentration measurement device are the equipment of this area routine.
Wherein, described gas compressing apparatus can be centrifugal compressor, reciprocating compressor and positive displacement compressor etc., and the liquid after compression enters condensing unit, evacuate air.
According to device of the present invention, microwave heating box body used adopts corrosion resistant plate to make, and adopts securing member to connect.
" petroleum industry discarded object " described in the present invention refers to the drilling cuttings containing water, oil, bentonite, silt and organic matter etc. or greasy filth that produce in In Oil Field Exploration And Development process; Liquid during the oilfield development process that the mass percentage that " clear liquid phase " described in the present invention is solid formation is less than or equal to 8% uses, the mass percentage that " solid waste " described in the present invention is solid formation is viscous crude mud or the drilling cuttings or greasy of 20%-90%, and wherein said " solid formation " refers to all solids material in petroleum industry discarded object, clear liquid phase or discarded object.
The harmless treatment device of petroleum industry discarded object provided by the present invention can realize the harmless treatment of petroleum industry discarded object, the separation of oil gas water and the recycling of exhaust heat-energy.
The method for innocent treatment of petroleum industry discarded object provided by the invention, first take centrifugation or vibrosieve from method various types of petroleum industry discarded object is processed, be divided into greasy filth solid waste and clear liquid phase, clear liquid, as the working solution recycling in oilfield development process, reduces the treating capacity of greasy filth solid waste.Described greasy filth solid waste contains the materials such as water, macromolecule organic, mineral oil, phenols, and under microwave action, greasy filth solid waste constantly heats up, when temperature is about 100 DEG C, and the moisture heat absorption evaporation in greasy filth solid waste; Continue to heat up, when greasy filth solid waste is warmed up to more than 350-400 DEG C, moisture in greasy filth solid waste evaporates completely, organic matter wherein starts to resolve into micromolecular oil gas and coke, pyrolytic process is continued until 500-1400 DEG C, till organic matter wherein all decomposes, organic matter pyrolysis end product is oil, gas and coke, not containing harmful organic substance in the dry landwaste ash of solid phase.
Further, the organic matter in described greasy filth solid waste can resolve into harmless dry landwaste ash after treatment completely, and it can landfill disposal or use as ridging; The cracking gas that described enriched oil greasy filth produces through Pintsch process carries out oil by condensation, gas is separated, and the condensation fluid of collection can as naphtha, fuel oil or preparation base slurry, and the fuel gas of generation can recycling or lighted rear discharge; And the water vapour that whole process produces is all by greasy filth solid waste described in the pre-heat drying of the method for heat exchange, the heat energy of whole system is fully used, therefore, heat energy in the method for innocent treatment of petroleum industry discarded object provided by the invention can utilize fully, energy ezpenditure is relatively low, and has good operability, system stability, the advantages such as cost is low, and process product is completely harmless.
Further, the present invention can also in the process of microwave-heating, add additive, especially when containing absorbing material in additive, the heat absorption speed of described greasy filth solid waste can be made to accelerate, the time of pre-heat drying and thermal decomposition can be shortened further, and then also can reduce energy consumption.
After method process of the present invention, water (oil gas water three phase be separated after the water that obtains) discharges oil-containing and is less than 0.3%, and not oil-containing in the dry landwaste ash of solid phase, meets the requirement of " in agricultural sludge pollutant catabolic gene standard GB4284-84 " completely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The harmless treatment device schematic diagram of the petroleum industry discarded object that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 1;
The pyrolysis gas recovery system for oil schematic diagram of the harmless treatment device of the petroleum industry discarded object that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 1;
The method for innocent treatment process chart of the petroleum industry discarded object that Fig. 3 provides for embodiment of the present invention 2-5.
Main Reference label declaration:
1, bucket elevator
5, loading hopper
6, conveyer belt
8, fast interface
10, microwave heating box body
11, microwave source
12, microwave catheter
13, exhaust outlet
14, solid waste storage cylinder
15, filter
16, gas compressing apparatus
17, condensing unit
18, oil-gas-water three-phase separation.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to there be understanding clearly to technical characteristic of the present invention, object and beneficial effect, now in conjunction with following specific embodiment and Figure of description, following detailed description is carried out to technical scheme of the present invention, but can not be interpreted as to of the present invention can the restriction of practical range.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiments provide a kind of harmless treatment device of petroleum industry discarded object, wherein, this device comprises
Bucket elevator 1, loading hopper 5, microwave device, conveyer, solid waste storage cylinder 14, filter 15, gas compressing apparatus 16, condensing unit 17 and oil-gas-water three-phase separation 18 with conveyer belt 6;
Described microwave device comprises microwave heating box body 10, microwave catheter 12 and microwave source 11; Described microwave catheter 12 and microwave source 11 are positioned at microwave heating box body 10 upper surface, and microwave source 11 is between microwave catheter 12 and microwave heating box body 10; The described microwave device gas be provided with for producing in petroleum industry castoff heat solution preocess discharges the exhaust outlet 13 of microwave heating box body;
Described bucket elevator 1 is the bucket elevator 1 for petroleum industry discarded object being added loading hopper 5;
Described loading hopper 5 is for receiving the petroleum industry discarded object that comes from bucket elevator 1 and by its laid loading hopper 5 on the conveyer belt 6 of conveyer;
Described conveyer is the conveyer for dry for the solid phase produced after petroleum industry discarded object charing pyrolysis landwaste ash being sent to solid waste storage cylinder 14;
Described solid waste storage cylinder 14 is connected with the discharging port of conveyer belt 6 is airtight by fast interface 8;
Described loading hopper 5, be sealed in microwave heating box body 10 for the conveyer belt 6 transmitting petroleum industry discarded object;
Described exhaust outlet 13 is connected 15 by pipeline with filter, and this filter 15 is connected with condensing unit 17 via gas compressing apparatus 16 by pipeline, and described condensing unit 17 is connected with oil-gas-water three-phase separation 18 by pipeline;
Described exhaust outlet 13 is equipped with soot filtration device.
Described bucket elevator 1 is provided with superheated vapour or nitrogen inlet; And its outlet is provided with oxygen concentration measurement device;
Described microwave heating box body 10 adopts corrosion resistant plate to make, and adopts securing member to connect;
Described conveyer belt 6 is adopt stainless steel make and have the conveyer belt of high temperature resistant heat insulation material at its Surface coating.The schematic diagram of this device as shown in Figure 1, 2.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiments provide a kind of method for innocent treatment of petroleum industry discarded object, the method is that the harmless treatment device of the petroleum industry discarded object adopting above-described embodiment 1 to provide realizes, and it comprises the following steps:
In onshore oil field development process, slush pump is with 0.25m
3/ h charging rate delivers into the solid controlling separator of two-stage tandem, and second level clear liquid out continues recycling as liquid in oilfield development process after collecting.Collect secondary solid controlling separator isolated greasy filth solid waste, in greasy filth solid waste moisture 27%, oil 21%, solid concentration 52%.Add the petroleum coke additive of 5%, stir and form greasy filth solid mixture; Bucket elevator 1 is used to add in loading hopper 5 by greasy filth solid mixture, then along with the motion of conveyer belt 6 makes greasy filth solid mixture uniform spreading on conveyer belt 6, in microwave heating box body 10, use the heating using microwave greasy filth solid mixture of 915MHz simultaneously, temperature rises to 100 DEG C has water vapour to overflow, and water vapour is used for heating greasy filth solid mixture; Continue to be warming up to after 350 DEG C with the heating rate of 50 DEG C/min, moisture in greasy filth solid mixture evaporates completely, organic matter wherein starts to resolve into micromolecular oil gas and pitch, pyrolytic process is continued until 500 DEG C, duration is 10 minutes, organic matter wherein comprises pitch and all decomposes, and obtains cracking oil gas and the dry landwaste ash of solid phase;
Now the dry landwaste ash of solid phase (about 500 DEG C) is transported to discharging port by conveyer belt and is collected in solid waste storage cylinder 14; Above solid waste storage cylinder, have water to spray, the water vapour of generation is used for heating greasy filth solid waste.The dry landwaste ash cooled down does not contain harmful organic matter, landfill disposal.Described cracking oil gas is discharged also successively through filter 15, gas compressing apparatus 16, condensing unit 17 from exhaust outlet 13, finally enter oil-gas-water three-phase separation 18, obtain fluid, fuel gas and condensed water, the hydrocarbon of fluid mainly containing C5-C12, the hydrocarbon of fuel gas mainly containing C1-C4.Fluid recycles after collecting, and fuel gas is drained after setting off.
The method process chart that the present embodiment provides as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiments provide a kind of method for innocent treatment of petroleum industry discarded object, the method is that the harmless treatment device of the petroleum industry discarded object adopting above-described embodiment 1 to provide realizes, and it comprises the following steps:
Use slush pump with 0.5m in offshore oilfield probing development process
3/ h charging rate delivers into the solid controlling separator of thtee-stage shiplock, and third level clear liquid out continues recycling as liquid in oilfield development process after collecting.Collect three grades of isolated concentrated greasy filth solid waste of solid controlling separator, in concentrated greasy filth solid waste moisture 24%, oil 12%, drilling cuttings 64%.Add the petroleum coke additive of 15%, stir and form greasy filth solid mixture; Bucket elevator 1 is used to add in loading hopper 5 by greasy filth solid mixture, then along with the motion of conveyer belt 6 makes greasy filth solid mixture uniform spreading on conveyer belt 6, in microwave heating box body 10, use the heating using microwave greasy filth solid mixture of 2450MHz simultaneously, temperature rises to 100 DEG C has water vapour to overflow, and water vapour is used for heating greasy filth solid mixture; Continue to be warming up to after 350 DEG C with the heating rate of 40 DEG C/min, moisture in greasy filth solid mixture evaporates completely, organic matter wherein starts to resolve into micromolecular oil gas and pitch, pyrolytic process is continued until 1000 DEG C, duration is 7 minutes, organic matter wherein comprises pitch and all decomposes, and obtains cracking oil gas and the dry landwaste ash of solid phase;
Now the dry landwaste ash of solid phase (about 1000 DEG C) is transported to discharging port by conveyer belt and is collected in solid waste storage cylinder 14; Above solid waste storage cylinder, have water to spray, the water vapour of generation is used for heating greasy filth solid waste.The dry landwaste ash cooled down does not contain harmful organic matter, landfill disposal.Described cracking oil gas is discharged also successively through filter 15, gas compressing apparatus 16, condensing unit 17 from exhaust outlet 13, finally enter oil-gas-water three-phase separation 18, obtain fluid, fuel gas and condensed water, the hydrocarbon of fluid mainly containing C5-C12, the hydrocarbon of fuel gas mainly containing C1-C4.Fluid recycles after collecting, and fuel gas is drained after setting off.The method process chart that the present embodiment provides as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 4
Present embodiments provide a kind of method for innocent treatment of petroleum industry discarded object, the method is that the harmless treatment device of the petroleum industry discarded object adopting above-described embodiment 1 to provide realizes, and it comprises the following steps:
With oil-base mud in onshore oil field development process, with slush pump with 0.75m
3//h charging rate delivers into the cyclone hydraulic separators of two-stage tandem, and second level clear liquid out continues recycling as liquid in oilfield development process after collecting.Collect the concentrated greasy filth solid waste bottom secondary rotary liquid/gas separator, in concentrated greasy filth solid waste moisture 27%, oil 13%, drilling cuttings 60%.Add the active carbon additive of 2%, stir and form greasy filth solid mixture; Bucket elevator 1 is used to add in loading hopper 5 by greasy filth solid mixture, then along with the motion of conveyer belt 6 makes greasy filth solid mixture uniform spreading on conveyer belt 6, in microwave heating box body 10, use the heating using microwave greasy filth solid mixture of 2450MHz simultaneously, temperature rises to 100 DEG C has water vapour to overflow, and water vapour is used for heating greasy filth solid mixture; Continue to be warming up to after 350 DEG C with the heating rate of 50 DEG C/min, moisture in greasy filth solid mixture evaporates completely, organic matter wherein starts to resolve into micromolecular oil gas and pitch, charing pyrolytic process is continued until 1400 DEG C, after the charing pyrolysis of 20 minutes, organic matter wherein comprises pitch and all decomposes, and obtains cracking oil gas and the dry landwaste ash of solid phase; Now the dry landwaste ash of solid phase (about 1400 DEG C) is transported to discharging port by conveyer belt and is collected in solid waste storage cylinder 14; Above solid waste storage cylinder, have water to spray, the water vapour of generation is used for heating greasy filth solid waste.The dry landwaste ash cooled down does not contain harmful organic matter, landfill disposal.Described cracking oil gas is discharged also successively through filter 15, gas compressing apparatus 16, condensing unit 17 from exhaust outlet 13, finally enter oil-gas-water three-phase separation 18, obtain fluid, fuel gas and condensed water, the hydrocarbon of fluid mainly containing C5-C12, the hydrocarbon of fuel gas mainly containing C1-C4.Fluid recycles after collecting, and fuel gas is drained after setting off.The method process chart that the present embodiment provides as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 5
Present embodiments provide a kind of method for innocent treatment of petroleum industry discarded object, the method is that the harmless treatment device of the petroleum industry discarded object adopting above-described embodiment 1 to provide realizes, and it comprises the following steps:
In oilfield development process, the low sedimentation greasy filth of multi-purpose station tank is with 1.0m
3/ h charging rate delivers into, in solid oil containing waste moisture 25%, and oil 38%, silt 37%; Bucket elevator 1 is used to add in loading hopper 5 by solid oil containing waste, then along with the motion of conveyer belt 6 makes solid oil containing waste uniform spreading on conveyer belt 6, in microwave heating box body 10, use the heating using microwave solid oil containing waste of 915MHz simultaneously, temperature rises to 100 DEG C has water vapour to overflow, and water vapour is used for heat solid oil containing waste; Continue to be warming up to after 350 DEG C with the heating rate of 50 DEG C/min, moisture in solid oil containing waste evaporates completely, organic matter wherein starts to resolve into micromolecular oil gas and pitch, pyrolytic process is continued until 700 DEG C, react after 15 minutes, organic matter wherein comprises pitch and all decomposes, and obtains cracking oil gas and the dry landwaste ash of solid phase; Now the dry landwaste ash of solid phase (about 700 DEG C) is transported to discharging port by conveyer belt and is collected in solid waste storage cylinder 14; Above solid waste storage cylinder, have water to spray, the water vapour of generation is used for heat solid oil containing waste.The dry landwaste ash cooled down does not contain harmful organic matter, landfill disposal.Described cracking oil gas is discharged also successively through filter 15, gas compressing apparatus 16, condensing unit 17 from exhaust outlet 13, finally enter oil-gas-water three-phase separation 18, obtain fluid, fuel gas and condensed water, the hydrocarbon of fluid mainly containing C5-C12, the hydrocarbon of fuel gas mainly containing C1-C4.Fluid recycles after collecting, and fuel gas is drained after setting off.The method process chart that the present embodiment provides as shown in Figure 3.
Claims (10)
1. a method for innocent treatment for petroleum industry discarded object, the method comprises the following steps:
Using petroleum industry discarded object or pretreated petroleum industry discarded object as microwave-heating raw material, carry out microwave heating treatment, make it be warming up to 500-1400 DEG C; Wherein, the heating rate that control material is heated in the temperature-rise period of 350-400 DEG C is 10-50 DEG C/min, and the microwave treatment time controlled after material is warming up to 350-400 DEG C is 5-30min;
It is gas phase portion and solid fraction that microwave heating treatment process Raw is carbonized pyrolysis, recycles respectively.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, material is heated in the temperature-rise period of 350-400 DEG C and produces water vapour and concentrated greasy filth; Concentrated greasy filth continues charing pyrolysis and produces cracking oil gas and the dry landwaste ash of solid phase under microwave action; Described cracking oil gas is carried out separation and obtains fluid and fuel gas;
By the heat recovery and utilization of water vapour and the dry landwaste ash of solid phase.
3. method according to claim 1, the method also comprises carries out following pretreated step to petroleum industry discarded object:
Isolate the clear liquid phase in petroleum industry discarded object, the mass percentage controlling solid formation in the petroleum industry discarded object as microwave-heating raw material is 20-90%.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, as being added with the additive having and inhale wave energy in the petroleum industry discarded object of microwave-heating raw material, under microwave heating condition, there is following heating rate to make microwave-heating raw material: the heating rate be heated to the temperature-rise period of 350-400 DEG C from material initial temperature is 10-50 DEG C/min;
Preferably, described additive comprises the combination of one or more in residual oil, coal, coal tar, coal tar pitch, asphalt, coal tar, petroleum coke, active carbon;
More preferably, described additive comprises the combination of one or more in graphite, carborundum, inorganic salts, metal and metal composite further.
5. method according to claim 4, wherein, in the gross weight of petroleum industry discarded object or pretreated petroleum industry discarded object for 100%, described in there is the additive inhaling wave energy addition be 0-50wt%.
6. for realizing a device for the method for innocent treatment of the petroleum industry discarded object described in any one of claim 1-5, this device comprise bucket elevator, loading hopper, microwave device, with the conveyer of conveyer belt and solid waste storage cylinder; Wherein:
Described microwave device comprises microwave heating box body; The described microwave device gas be provided with for producing in petroleum industry castoff heat solution preocess discharges the exhaust outlet of microwave heating box body;
Described bucket elevator is the bucket elevator for petroleum industry discarded object being added loading hopper;
Described loading hopper be for receive the petroleum industry discarded object that comes from bucket elevator and by it laid loading hopper on the conveyer belt of conveyer;
Described conveyer is the conveyer for dry for the solid phase produced after petroleum industry discarded object charing pyrolysis landwaste ash being sent to solid waste storage cylinder;
Described solid waste storage cylinder is connected with the discharging port of conveyer belt is airtight by fast interface;
Described loading hopper, to be sealed in microwave heating box body for the conveyer belt transmitting petroleum industry discarded object.
7. device according to claim 6, wherein, described conveyer belt is adopt stainless steel make and have the conveyer belt of high temperature resistant heat insulation material at its Surface coating.
8. device according to claim 6, wherein, this device also comprises filter, gas compressing apparatus, condensing unit and oil-gas-water three-phase separation;
Described exhaust outlet is connected with filter by pipeline, and this filter is connected with condensing unit via gas compressing apparatus by pipeline, and described condensing unit is connected with oil-gas-water three-phase separation by pipeline.
9. device according to claim 6, wherein, described exhaust outlet is equipped with soot filtration device.
10. device according to claim 6, wherein, described bucket elevator is provided with superheated vapour or nitrogen inlet; And its outlet is provided with oxygen concentration measurement device.
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| CN105945041A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-21 | 程秀 | Thermal desorption treatment method for tar residues |
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| CN108409106B (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2024-05-07 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Microwave treatment method and equipment for oily sludge |
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