CN100513337C - Resource treating method for oil-containing sludge - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a resource processing method for oily sludge. First, the oily sludge is sent to a closed retorting cracking furnace to be pyrolyzed, and the pyrolyzed period is 1-5 hours under 200-600 DEG C, then the oil, gas, and water are recovered. Second, sulfate or hydrochloride is put into the pyrobitumen of sludge containing inorganic aluminum salt or iron salt flocculant according to the chemical equivalent of the aluminum salt or iron salt 1 to 1-1.5 to do acid-soluble processing. The products after the two processes can be reclaimed and used as the flocculant of the sewage processing system, or reclaimed as the concentrating agent of sludge. The pyrobitumen containing mostly clay mineral can be used as decolorizing and absorbing material of waste water and oil, or used as absorbent for lube-oil complementing and refining process. The method used in oilfield gathering transportation and treatment system can realize zero discharge in course of the gathering transportation and treatment, and can effectively solve the pollution problem of the oily sludge and find the automate answer for the oily sludge. Meanwhile, by adopting the method, the cost for the treatment of sewage flocculation and for adding sludge concentration agent can be reduced and the energy material can be reclaimed from sludge and the wastage of oil can be reduced.

Description

A kind of recycling processing method of oily sludge

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of recycling processing method of oily sludge, this method is applicable to that the oil field refinery is produced and minimizing, resource utilization and the harmless treatment of the refuses such as oily sludge that Sewage treatment systems produces.

Background technology

Extensive application along with Oilfield developing and various well stimulations, waste output based on sewage and mud also constantly increases, composition is also complicated more, gives produced-water reinjection and effluxes to handle and cause difficulty, and the mud air storage produces greatly harm to surrounding environment.Along with national legislation standard more and more stricter to environmental requirement, the oily sludge that find out a kind of technical feasibility, easy and simple to handle, economical and effective, satisfies social development and environmental requirement is handled and disposing technique, is the difficult problem that each oil field faces.At present, the treatment and disposal of oily sludge has been the environmental protection technology bottleneck of oil field refinery production and sewage treatment process.

The treatment process of oily sludge generally be modified, concentrated, the dehydration, the discharging or the comprehensive utilization.China is since " eight or five ", and the oily sludge treatment technology has had very big development, but owing to reasons such as technology, economy or environmental protection, it still is in the tentative stage of exploratory development and suitability for industrialized production at present.In each oil field refinery oil-containing sewage treatment system, what the sludge treatment facility was arranged is less than 1/4th, and what treatment process, auxiliary facility were comparatively perfect is less than 1/10th, and the ratio of ordinary production operation is littler.Documents and materials report typical oily sludge minimizing treatment scheme both at home and abroad has:

1. oily sludge---sludge thickener---sludge drying bed

2. oily sludge---mud storage pool

3. oily sludge---natural evaporation tank

4. oily sludge---concentrates and---eluriates desalination---flotation oil removing---filter-press dehydration

5. oily sludge-greasy filth separate tank---concentration tank---mechanical dehydration---dewatered sludge pond

6.------filter cake is transported to scrap heap to storage tank to jar end oily sludge to add lime and diatomite---press filtration---

Have in the technology aspect oily sludge harmlessness disposing and the comprehensive utilization:

1. innoxious curing technology.Innoxious chemosetting technical study of the oily sludge that Henan Oil Field is carried out and on-the-spot operation have obtained certain effect.The sludge curing prescription of research mainly contains branch aqua, solidifying agent, oil absorber and four kinds of compositions of toughener.

2. heat treatment technics.Mud after the dehydration such as need further reduce its water ratio, can heat-treat.The mud heat treatment technics is the general name of drying sludge processing and burning disposal.Mud is through after the drying treatment, and water ratio can be reduced to about 20%, is convenient to transportation.Through burning, volume is littler, can be used for landfill or does the road-making material use.

3. carry out a biological disposal upon and disposal technology.Three kinds of biologic treating techniques of relevant petroleum industry waste have been developed abroad, i.e. soil facture compost treatment method and sludge organism reactor method.

4. pyroprocessing and hydro carbons recovery technology.The pyroprocessing technology is that emulsion and mud are heated to more than the water boiling point, carries out flash distillation then in knockout tower, and steam and hydrocarbons are separated out from analyze tower.Heavy constituent hydrocarbon and inorganic substance are removed from tower as bed mud; Reclaim behind hydro carbons and the water condensation; The heavy constituent hydrocarbon can reclaim from bed mud after solid-liquid separation again.This kind method is handled oily sludge and has been received effect preferably at the Kern of U.S. County oil field.

5. oily sludge profile control technique.The oily sludge profile control technique is to utilize oily sludge and stratum to have the characteristics of excellent compatibility, with its process chemical treatment, add an amount of dispersion agent, make it become active multiviscosisty mud amendment, profile control, the shutoff that the is used for high infiltration water injection well duct that absorbs water by force.

Summary of the invention

The recycling treatment that the objective of the invention is to solve cost-effectively the oily sludge that oil field refinery production and Sewage treatment systems produce with utilize problem, for the environment protection and the cleaner production of oil field refinery production process provides the supporting technology support.

The inventive method is achieved in that it is to carry out pyrolysis processing under 200-600 ℃ that oily sludge is sent in the closed reactor in temperature, and the oil gas aqueous distillate that pyrolysis processing produces is reclaimed, and the pyrolysis residue carries out manipulation of regeneration and utilization.

Do following processing with deriving from oil field refinery collection water ratio defeated and Sewage treatment systems at the useless carclazyte of dehydration oily sludge below 80% or lube oil finishing:

(1) oily sludge pyrolysis processing: oily sludge sent in airtight carbonization decomposition stove or the horizontal rotation gas retort carry out pyrolysis processing, pyrolysis processing was reacted 1-5 hour under 200-600 ℃ of condition, optimal reaction temperature is 500-600 ℃, and optimum reacting time is 2-3 hour; Refiltered oil air water cut and pyrolysis residue; Pyrolytic reaction residue oleaginousness is less than 0.3%.

(2) will directly send to waste water or oil product decolouring system makes sorbing material based on the pyrolysis residue of clay mineral, or deliver to the lube oil finishing system and make sorbent material;

(3) the pyrolysis residue that will contain the mud of inorganic aluminate or molysite flocculation medicament carries out sour molten processing by stoichiometric 1 of aluminium salt or molysite: 1-5 adding sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid;

(4) product that (3) is carried out sour molten processing is delivered to Sewage treatment systems do flocculation medicament, or sends to and make the concentrated medicament of mud;

(5) oil, gas, water sepn are carried out in the oil gas aqueous distillate of reclaiming after condensation process, oil gas is recycled, and water is sent the sewage-farm back to and handled.

Present method is implemented in the oil field gathering and transportation treatment system, can realize collecting defeated treating processes mud " zero " discharging, thereby effectively solves the environmental pollution and the final problem of outlet of oily sludge; Also can reduce sewage flocculation treatment and mud simultaneously and concentrate adding and medicament expense usefulness of medicament, the energy substance in the recyclable mud reduces oil loss.

Description of drawings

The recycling processing method process flow sheet of Fig. 1 oily sludge.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Oil-field thick-oil sewage disposal filter-press dehydration mud, mud cake is through drying to such an extent that water ratio is 4.7% dewatered sludge naturally, and the dewatered sludge oil length is 12%:

1. dewatered sludge airtight heating pyrolytic reaction 3 hours under 600 ℃ of conditions, its residue oil length is 0.004%, and the refiltered oil rate is 13.8%, and factor of created gase is 80 side/tons;

2. residue is pressed with sulfuric acid and stoichiometric 1: 2 of aluminium salt is added sulfuric acid after handling under the normal temperature condition, must contain the mixing solutions of 11.5% aluminium sesquioxide, and this solution has coagulation effect preferably to sewage disposal.Compare with commercial polymeric aluminum, the dosage that reaches same coagulation effect roughly is 3 times of commercial polymeric aluminum.

Embodiment 2

The jar end mud of oil field oil water slurry tank, getting water ratio through heating, drying is 1.7% dewatered sludge, the dewatered sludge oil length is 27.6%:

1. dewatered sludge airtight reacting by heating (being pyrolysis) 2 hours under 550 ℃ of conditions, its residue oil length is 0.007%, and the refiltered oil rate is 31.7%, and factor of created gase is 65 side/tons;

2. measure residue to the bituminous absorption property, its saturated extent of adsorption is 43.7mg/g (saturated extent of adsorption of the atlapulgite of commercial lube oil finishing is 44.3mg/g), and is suitable with the absorption property of atlapulgite with lube oil finishing.

Embodiment 3

Oil refining sewerage is handled dewatered sludge, and water ratio is 82%, and oil length is 7.6%:

1. airtight reacting by heating (being pyrolysis) 3 hours under 550 ℃ of conditions, its residue oil length is 0.009%, and the refiltered oil rate is 9.7%, and factor of created gase is 20 side/tons;

2. residue is pressed with hydrochloric acid and stoichiometric 1: 2 of aluminium salt is added hydrochloric acid after handling under the normal temperature condition, must contain the mixing solutions of 23.7% aluminium sesquioxide, and this solution has coagulation effect preferably to sewage disposal.

Claims (3)

1. the recycling processing method of an oily sludge is characterized in that:

Do following processing with deriving from oil field refinery collection water ratio defeated and Sewage treatment systems at the useless carclazyte of dehydration oily sludge below 80% or lube oil finishing:

(1) oily sludge pyrolysis processing: oily sludge sent in airtight carbonization decomposition stove or the horizontal rotation gas retort carry out pyrolysis processing, pyrolysis processing was reacted 1-5 hour under 200-600 ℃ of condition, refiltered oil air water cut and pyrolysis residue; Pyrolytic reaction residue oleaginousness is less than 0.3%;

(2) will directly send to waste water or oil product decolouring system makes sorbing material based on the pyrolysis residue of clay mineral, or deliver to the lube oil finishing system and make sorbent material;

(3) the pyrolysis residue that will contain the mud of inorganic aluminate or molysite flocculation medicament carries out sour molten processing by stoichiometric 1 of aluminium salt or molysite: 1-5 adding sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid;

(4) product that (3) is carried out sour molten processing is delivered to Sewage treatment systems do flocculation medicament, or sends to and make the concentrated medicament of mud;

(5) oil, gas, water sepn are carried out in the oil gas aqueous distillate of reclaiming after condensation process, oil gas is recycled, and water is sent the sewage-farm back to and handled.

2. the recycling processing method of a kind of oily sludge according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pyrolysis processing temperature is 500-600 ℃.

3. the recycling processing method of a kind of oily sludge according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pyrolysis processing reaction times is 2-3 hour.