CN105413394B - 一种利用变压吸附工艺从烟道气联合制取酸性气体和纯氮的方法 - Google Patents
一种利用变压吸附工艺从烟道气联合制取酸性气体和纯氮的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
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- C01B21/04—Purification or separation of nitrogen
- C01B21/0405—Purification or separation processes
- C01B21/0433—Physical processing only
- C01B21/045—Physical processing only by adsorption in solids
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Abstract
一种利用二段变压吸附工艺分离提纯烟道气并获得酸性气体和纯氮的方法，其特征在于：在0.8MPa以上，利用第一段变压吸附(两个塔及以上)先吸附分离烟道气中的SO2、NOx、CO2(合计浓度约11％)等吸附相酸性气体组份，逆放、抽真空获得26％以上浓度的酸性气体组份，非吸附相出口CO2气体浓度低于0.5％；第一段非吸附相气体进入第二段变压吸附(两个塔及以上)工艺，吸附其中的O2组份，获得0.6MPa以上，含量99％以上的纯氮。
Description
技术领域
本方法适用于化工领域，涉及到一种利用变压吸附工艺从烟道气联合制取酸性气体和纯氮的方法。
背景技术
利用变压吸附法提纯CO2的技术可以从含CO2的气源中捕获提纯CO2，满足CO2的多种工业用途。具有能耗低、吸附剂使用周期长、工艺流程简单、自动化程度高、环境效益好、无污染产生等的优点。
中国专利CN103055659B公开了一种利用多层变压吸附原理，在同一个吸附床内先用强亲水性并易解吸的吸附剂截留住烟道气中的水蒸气，保护主CO2吸附层。最终达到仅用一套吸附装置同时分离水蒸气和CO2，最终实现高浓度捕集CO2的方法。
中国专利CN102989295A公开了一种捕集烟道气或合成气中二氧化碳的吸收剂，对低压下的二氧化碳的吸收容量大，再生效果好，单位二氧化碳捕集能耗低。
中国专利CN101745288B公开了一种二氧化碳的多塔式真空变压变温耦合吸附浓缩二氧化碳的方法，其为循环吸附以及解吸工艺过程，每个循环包括吸附、均压、升温、真空、真空吹扫、均压、加压和降温八个步骤。
中国专利申请号200510021158.8提供了一种从烟道气中脱除和回收二氧化碳的方法，烟气经水洗塔除尘降温，进入吸收塔，吸收剂与烟气在吸收塔内逆流接触，吸收烟气中CO2，吸收CO2后的吸收剂进入闪蒸塔或汽提塔，分离富液中的杂质(O2、SO2、NOX、CO等)，然后富液经换热器后进再生塔，在再生塔顶得到高纯度的CO2，吸收剂在再生塔底获得再生，再生后的吸收剂经换热后去吸收塔循环使用。
目前大多数的研究几乎都集中在回收CO2气体，但是烟道气中CO2的含量仅为10％左右，提纯利用相对于能耗而言意义不大。且相对于烟道气中含量为70％左右的N2未见有回收利用的报道。
本发明突破以往只回收利用烟道气中CO2的思路，提供了一种利用变压吸附工艺从烟道气联合制取酸性气体和纯氮方法。该方法旨在通过二段变压吸附工艺先吸附分离烟道气中的酸性气体组份，再吸附分离脱除其中的O2，一段吸附的酸性气体组份逆放、抽真空回收，二段净化后获得99％以上的纯氮，排出的废气仅有氧气与氮气，对环境环保无污染。本发明对烟道气杂质含量适应性强，且生产出的氮气纯度高，操作简便、经济。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种利用二段变压吸附工艺分离提纯烟道气并获得酸性气体和纯氮的方法。在0.8MPa以上，利用第一段变压吸附(两个塔及以上)先吸附分离烟道气中的SO2、NOx、CO2(合计浓度约11％)等吸附相酸性气体组份，逆放、抽真空获得26％以上浓度的酸性气体组份，非吸附相出口CO2气体浓度低于0.5％；第一段非吸附相气体进入第二段变压吸附(两个塔及以上)工艺，吸附其中的O2组份，获得0.6MPa以上，含量99％以上的纯氮。
具体实施方式
实施例1：某锅炉烟道气(干基)成分如下：
(1)组成：
| 组成 | CO<sub>2</sub> | NO<sub>x</sub> | O<sub>2</sub> | N<sub>2</sub> | SO<sub>2</sub> |
| 含量(V％) | 11.3 | 0.1 | 8.6 | 80 | 200mg/Nm<sup>3</sup> |
(2)温度：≤常温(40℃)
(3)压力(表压)：～0.85Mpa
(4)原料气量：～15000Nm3/H
在上述工况下，利用一段9塔变压吸附工艺分层吸附烟道气中的SO2、NOx、CO2等酸性气体组份，逆放、抽真空获得浓度为30％的酸性气体。非吸附相中出口CO2含量为0.4％，O2含量约为6.2％，N2含量约为93.4％；第一段非吸附相气体进入第二段3塔变压吸附工艺，吸附其中的O2，获得0.73MPa 99.56％的纯氮。
实施例2：某石灰窑烟道气(干基)成分如下：
(1)组成：
| 组成 | CO<sub>2</sub> | NO<sub>x</sub> | O<sub>2</sub> | N<sub>2</sub> | SO<sub>2</sub> |
| 含量(V％) | 9 | 3 | 10 | 78 | 100mg/Nm<sup>3</sup> |
(2)温度：≤常温(40℃)
(3)压力(表压)：～0.85Mpa
(4)原料气量：～10000Nm3/H
在上述工况下，利用一段8塔变压吸附工艺分层吸附烟道气中的SO2、NOx、CO2等酸性气体组份，逆放、抽真空获得浓度为32％的酸性气体。非吸附相中出口CO2含量为0.35％，O2含量约为6.35％，N2含量约为93.3％；第一段非吸附相气体进入第二段3塔变压吸附工艺，吸附其中的O2，获得0.75MPa 99.16％的纯氮。
Claims (1)
1.一种利用二段变压吸附工艺分离提纯烟道气并获得酸性气体和纯氮的方法，其特征在于：在0.8MPa以上，利用两个塔及以上第一段变压吸附先吸附分离烟道气中合计浓度11％的SO2、NOx、CO2吸附相酸性气体组份，逆放、抽真空获得50％以上浓度的酸性气体组份，非吸附相出口CO2气体浓度低于0.5％；第一段非吸附相气体进入两个塔及以上第二段变压吸附工艺，吸附其中的O2组份，获得0.6MPa以上，含量99％以上的纯氮。
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1087962C (zh) * | 1999-06-18 | 2002-07-24 | 化学工业部西南化工研究设计院 | 从石灰窑气体中脱除NOx、SOx的吸附分离法 |
| CN101664629A (zh) * | 2009-09-27 | 2010-03-10 | 杨皓 | 两组同时运行提高回收率的变压吸附工艺 |
| CN102351147A (zh) * | 2011-07-15 | 2012-02-15 | 清华大学 | 一种用于co2、h2s与h2混合气体分离的中温变压吸附方法 |
| CN103920365A (zh) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-07-16 | 广西大学 | 变频变压吸附回收焙烧硫铁矿炉气中的氮气和二氧化硫的方法 |
| CN104364000A (zh) * | 2012-06-14 | 2015-02-18 | 埃克森美孚研究工程公司 | 用于co2捕集/利用以及生产n2的变压吸附与发电厂的集成 |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1087962C (zh) * | 1999-06-18 | 2002-07-24 | 化学工业部西南化工研究设计院 | 从石灰窑气体中脱除NOx、SOx的吸附分离法 |
| CN101664629A (zh) * | 2009-09-27 | 2010-03-10 | 杨皓 | 两组同时运行提高回收率的变压吸附工艺 |
| CN102351147A (zh) * | 2011-07-15 | 2012-02-15 | 清华大学 | 一种用于co2、h2s与h2混合气体分离的中温变压吸附方法 |
| CN104364000A (zh) * | 2012-06-14 | 2015-02-18 | 埃克森美孚研究工程公司 | 用于co2捕集/利用以及生产n2的变压吸附与发电厂的集成 |
| CN103920365A (zh) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-07-16 | 广西大学 | 变频变压吸附回收焙烧硫铁矿炉气中的氮气和二氧化硫的方法 |
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Effective date of registration: 20211216 Address after: 610073 group 3, Huangtu village, Su Po Township, Qingyang District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Patentee after: Sichuan heaven Chemical Engineering Co.,Ltd. Address before: 610072 No. 301, Unit 4, Building 13, No. 118, Jinze Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Patentee before: Yang Hao |