CN105597488B - 一种利用变压吸附工艺从烟道气制取氮气和富酸性气体的方法 - Google Patents

一种利用变压吸附工艺从烟道气制取氮气和富酸性气体的方法 Download PDF

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CN105597488B
CN105597488B CN201510980327.4A CN201510980327A CN105597488B CN 105597488 B CN105597488 B CN 105597488B CN 201510980327 A CN201510980327 A CN 201510980327A CN 105597488 B CN105597488 B CN 105597488B
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flue gas
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sour gas
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杨皓
宁平
王娟芸
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

一种利用变压吸附工艺从烟道气制取氮气和富酸性气体的方法，其特征在于：本发明在0.8MPa以上，采用一段变压吸附工艺(四塔及以上)依次吸附烟道气中的SO2、NOx、CO2等酸性气体(合计浓度约为11％)组分和O2，制得浓度为99％以上的氮气，吸附塔中吸附的氧气通过吹扫解吸放空，吸附塔中吸附的酸性气体通过逆放、抽真空解吸，由此制得浓度为25％以上的富酸性气体。

Description

一种利用变压吸附工艺从烟道气制取氮气和富酸性气体的 方法
技术领域
本方法适用于化工领域，涉及到一种利用变压吸附工艺从烟道气制取氮气和富酸性气体的方法。
背景技术
利用变压吸附法提纯CO2的技术可以从含CO2的气源中捕获提纯CO2，满足CO2的多种工业用途。具有能耗低、吸附剂使用周期长、工艺流程简单、自动化程度高、环境效益好、无污染产生等的优点。
中国专利CN103055659B公开了一种利用多层变压吸附原理，在同一个吸附床内先用强亲水性并易解吸的吸附剂截留住烟道气中的水蒸气，保护主CO2吸附层。最终达到仅用一套吸附装置同时分离水蒸气和CO2，最终实现高浓度捕集CO2的方法。
中国专利CN102989295A公开了一种捕集烟道气或合成气中二氧化碳的吸收剂，对低压下的二氧化碳的吸收容量大，再生效果好，单位二氧化碳捕集能耗低。
中国专利CN101745288B公开了一种二氧化碳的多塔式真空变压变温耦合吸附浓缩二氧化碳的方法，其为循环吸附以及解吸工艺过程，每个循环包括吸附、均压、升温、真空、真空吹扫、均压、加压和降温八个步骤。
中国专利申请号200510021158.8提供了一种从烟道气中脱除和回收二氧化碳的方法，烟气经水洗塔除尘降温，进入吸收塔，吸收剂与烟气在吸收塔内逆流接触，吸收烟气中CO2，吸收CO2后的吸收剂进入闪蒸塔或汽提塔，分离富液中的杂质(O2、SO2、NOX、CO等)，然后富液经换热器后进再生塔，在再生塔顶得到高纯度的CO2，吸收剂在再生塔底获得再生，再生后的吸收剂经换热后去吸收塔循环使用。
目前烟道气的相关研究几乎都集中在回收CO2气体，未见有同时制取氮气和富酸性气体的报道。
本发明的目的是提供一种适用于从烟道气同时提取氮气和富酸性气体的方法。在0.8MPa以上，采用一段变压吸附工艺依次吸附烟道气中的酸性气体组分和氧气，获得浓度为99％以上的氮气，吸附塔中吸附的氧气通过吹扫解吸放空，吸附塔中吸附的酸性气体通过逆放、抽真空解吸，由此制得浓度为25％以上的富酸性气体。
发明内容
本发明采用一段变压吸附工艺(四塔及以上)依次吸附烟道气中的SO2、NOx、CO2等酸性气体(合计浓度约为11％)组分和O2气，制得浓度为99％以上的氮气，吸附塔中吸附的氧气通过吹扫解吸放空，吸附塔中吸附的酸性气体通过逆放、抽真空解吸，由此制得浓度为25％以上的富酸性气体。
具体实施方式
实施例1：某锅炉烟道气(干基)成分如下：
(1)组成：
组成 CO<sub>2</sub> NO<sub>x</sub> O<sub>2</sub> N<sub>2</sub>+A<sub>r</sub> SO<sub>2</sub>
含量(V％) 11.3 0.1 8.6 80 200mg/Nm<sup>3</sup>
(2)温度：≤常温(40℃)
(3)压力(表压)：～0.80Mpa
(4)原料气量：～15000Nm3/H
在上述工况下，采用9塔变压吸附工艺依次吸附烟道气中的SO2、NOx、CO2等酸性气体组分和O2，制得浓度为99.2％的氮气，吸附塔中吸附的氧气通过吹扫解吸放空，吸附塔中吸附的酸性气体通过逆放、抽真空解吸，由此制得浓度为28％的富酸性气体。
实施例2：某石灰窑烟道气(干基)成分如下：
(1)组成：
组成 CO<sub>2</sub> NO<sub>x</sub> O<sub>2</sub> N<sub>2</sub> SO<sub>2</sub>
含量(V％) 9 3 10 78 100mg/Nm<sup>3</sup>
(2)温度：≤常温(40℃)
(3)压力(表压)：～0.85Mpa
(4)原料气量：～10000Nm3/H
在上述工况下，采用8塔变压吸附工艺依次吸附烟道气中的SO2、NOx、CO2等酸性气体组分和O2，制得浓度为99.5％的氮气，吸附塔中吸附的氧气通过吹扫解吸放空，吸附塔中吸附的酸性气体通过逆放、抽真空解吸，由此制得浓度为29.2％的富酸性气体。

Claims (1)

1.一种通过变压吸附工艺从烟道气同时获得氮气和富酸性气体的方法，其特征在于：在0.8MPa以上，采用四塔及以上一段变压吸附工艺，依次吸附烟道气中合计浓度11％的SO2、NOx、CO2酸性气体组分和O2气，制得浓度为99％以上的氮气，吸附塔中吸附的氧气通过吹扫解吸放空，吸附塔中吸附的酸性气体通过逆放、抽真空解吸，由此制得浓度为25％以上的富酸性气体。
CN201510980327.4A 2015-12-25 2015-12-25 一种利用变压吸附工艺从烟道气制取氮气和富酸性气体的方法 Active CN105597488B (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1087962C (zh) * 1999-06-18 2002-07-24 化学工业部西南化工研究设计院 从石灰窑气体中脱除NOx、SOx的吸附分离法
CN103920365A (zh) * 2014-04-21 2014-07-16 广西大学 变频变压吸附回收焙烧硫铁矿炉气中的氮气和二氧化硫的方法
CN104364000A (zh) * 2012-06-14 2015-02-18 埃克森美孚研究工程公司 用于co2捕集/利用以及生产n2的变压吸附与发电厂的集成

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1087962C (zh) * 1999-06-18 2002-07-24 化学工业部西南化工研究设计院 从石灰窑气体中脱除NOx、SOx的吸附分离法
CN104364000A (zh) * 2012-06-14 2015-02-18 埃克森美孚研究工程公司 用于co2捕集/利用以及生产n2的变压吸附与发电厂的集成
CN103920365A (zh) * 2014-04-21 2014-07-16 广西大学 变频变压吸附回收焙烧硫铁矿炉气中的氮气和二氧化硫的方法

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