CN105412668A - 一种治疗糖尿病的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗糖尿病的中药组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及中药技术领域,特别是涉及一种治疗糖尿病的中药组合物及其制备方法,所述的中药组合物由以下原料制备而成:艾叶20-27份、玉米须23-29份、苦瓜18-25份、荔枝核17-23份、银杏叶17-21份、余甘子15-19份、淡竹叶13-21份、薤白11-16份、石斛9-15份、半枝莲11-17份、知母10-17份、魔芋8-12份、甘草7-12份。本发明中药组合物协同作用强,能够显著改善糖尿病的症状,还能延缓糖尿病的进程,减少糖尿病并发症的发生,有利于糖尿病患者的康复。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域,特别是涉及一种治疗糖尿病的中药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
糖尿病是一组以高血糖为特征的代谢性疾病。高血糖则是由于胰岛素分泌缺陷或其生物作用受损,或两者兼有引起。糖尿病时长期存在的高血糖,导致各种组织,特别是眼、肾、心脏、血管、神经的慢性损害、功能障碍。
目前,治疗糖尿病的药物很多,但大多药物昂贵,治疗费用高。治疗仍以化学合成药物为主,如磺胺类、双胍类、葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂、列奈和胰岛素增敏剂等。然化学类降糖药长期服用不仅对肝、肾损伤较大,而且容易产生耐药性。
胰岛素治疗的最大不良反应为低血糖。胰岛素制剂有动物胰岛素、人胰岛素和胰岛素类似物。根据作用时间分为短效、中效和长效胰岛素,并已制成混合制剂,如诺和灵30R,优泌林70/30。1型糖尿病需要用胰岛素治疗。非强化治疗者每天注射2~3次,强化治疗者每日注射3~4次,或用胰岛素泵治疗。需经常调整剂量。2型糖尿病口服降糖药失效者先采用联合治疗方式,方法为原用口服降糖药剂量不变,睡前晚10∶00注射中效胰岛素或长效胰岛素类似物,一般每隔3天调整1次,目的为空腹血糖降到4.9~8.0毫摩尔/升,无效者停用口服降糖药,改为每天注射2次胰岛素。
中医药典籍记载了很多具有降糖疗效的中药,如柴疏地黄饮、茵陈蒿汤、逍遥散、六味地黄汤等,然这些药物普遍疗效偏低。
中国专利申请201410756100.7公开了一种治疗糖尿病的中药组合物,该中药组合物由以下原料制得:党参,人参,天花粉,赤芍,白术,五味子,丹皮,夏枯草,三棱,当归,丹皮,菟丝子,龙骨,党参,麦冬,泽泻,知母,石斛,黄芪,何首乌,地骨皮和甘草。该种治疗糖尿病的中药组合物在治疗糖尿病方面见效快,疗程短,但是药物种类众多,成分复杂,同时灵芝等药物的成本较高,不利于推广。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种治疗糖尿病的中药组合物,该中药组合物具有疗效好、有效率高、原材料来源充足、价格便宜的优点,本发明还提供了该中药组合物相应的制备方法。
本发明中药组合物包括以下重量份数的制备原料:
艾叶20-27份、玉米须23-29份、苦瓜18-25份、荔枝核17-23份、银杏叶17-21份、余甘子15-19份、淡竹叶13-21份、薤白11-16份、石斛9-15份、半枝莲11-17份、知母10-17份、魔芋8-12份、甘草7-12份。
进一步地,该中药组合物包括以下重量份数的制备原料:
艾叶20份、玉米须23份、苦瓜18份、荔枝核17份、银杏叶17份、余甘子15份、淡竹叶13份、薤白11份、石斛9份、半枝莲11份、知母10份、魔芋8份、甘草7份。
进一步地,该中药组合物包括以下重量份数的制备原料:
艾叶27份、玉米须29份、苦瓜25份、荔枝核23份、银杏叶21份、余甘子19份、淡竹叶21份、薤白16份、石斛15份、半枝莲17份、知母17份、魔芋12份、甘草12份。
进一步地,该中药组合物包括以下重量份数的制备原料:
艾叶24份、玉米须26份、苦瓜21份、荔枝核20份、银杏叶18份、余甘子17份、淡竹叶17份、薤白13份、石斛12份、半枝莲14份、知母14份、魔芋10份、甘草9份。
进一步地,本发明治疗糖尿病的中药组合物的制剂,可以制成颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、口服液或散剂等多种剂型。
相应地,本发明还提供所述中药组合物的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
S1:称取艾叶、玉米须、苦瓜、荔枝核、银杏叶、余甘子、淡竹叶、薤白、石斛、半枝莲、知母、魔芋以及甘草,加入总药物8-12倍量水浸泡2-3小时,武火煎煮沸腾30-40分钟,再用文火煎煮2-3小时,过滤,得到滤液,往滤渣中加入2-4倍量水,武火煎煮沸腾15分钟,再用文火煎煮1小时,过滤,得到滤液,合并两次滤液,滤液浓缩至50℃-60℃下相对密度为1.20-1.35的稠膏;
S2:将S1制得的稠膏减压干燥,粉碎后过140-200目筛,即得。
本发明所用组分的来源、性味、归经及功效:
艾叶:本品为菊科植物艾的干燥叶;味辛、苦,性温;归肝、脾、肾经;散寒止痛,温经止血。
玉米须:本品为禾本科植物玉蜀黍的花柱和柱头。味甘,性平;归肾、肝、胆经;利尿消肿,平肝利胆。
苦瓜:本品为葫芦科苦瓜属植物苦瓜。味苦,性凉;归心;脾;肺经;清暑涤热,明目解毒。
荔枝核:本品为无患子科植物荔枝的干燥成熟种子。味甘、微苦,性温;归肝、肾经;行气散结,祛寒止痛。
银杏叶:本品为银杏的叶子,味甘、苦、涩,性平。归心、肺经。敛肺平喘,活血化瘀,止痛。
余甘子:本品为大戟科油柑属植物余甘子的干燥成熟果实。味甘、酸、涩,性凉;归肺、胃经;清热凉血,消食健胃,生津止咳。
淡竹叶:本品为禾本科植物淡竹叶的干燥茎叶。味甘、淡,性寒;归心、胃、小肠经;清热除烦,利尿。
薤白:本品为百合科植物小根蒜或薤的干燥鳞茎。味辛、苦,性温;归肺、胃、大肠经;通阳散结,行气导滞。
石斛:本品为兰科植物环草石斛、马鞭石斛黄草石斛、铁皮石斛或金钗石斛的新鲜或干燥茎。味甘,性微寒;归胃、肾经;益胃生津,滋阴清热。
半枝莲:本品为唇形科植物半枝莲的干燥全草。味辛、苦,性寒;归肺、肝、肾经;清热解毒,化瘀利尿。
知母:本品为百合科植物知母的干燥根茎。味苦、甘,性寒;归肺、胃、肾经;清热泻火,生津润燥。
魔芋:本品为天南星科魔芋属植物魔芋的球状块茎;味辛,性寒;归脾经;消肿散结,解毒止痛。
甘草:本品为豆科植物甘草、胀果甘草或光果甘草的干燥根。味甘,性平;归心、肺、脾、胃经;补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药。
经过临床实验验证本发明中药组合物与现有药物相比具有如下优势:
1)本发明提供的治疗糖尿病的中药组合物能够显著改善糖尿病的症状,还能延缓糖尿病的发展,减少并发症的发生。
2)本发明治疗糖尿病的中药组合物为天然纯中药制剂,无不良反应和毒副作用
3)本发明治疗糖尿病的中药组合物协同作用强,服用剂量小,能快速地让Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的血糖稳定地正常范围内,显著提高了糖尿病患者的用药依从性,并提高了患者的生活质量。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例进一步描述本发明,本发明不仅仅限于以下实施例。在本发明的范围内或者在不脱离本发明的内容、精神和范围内,对本发明进行的变更、组合或替换,对于本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的,且包含在本发明的范围之内。
实施例l
本发明实施例1中药组合物包括以下重量份数的制备原料:艾叶20份、玉米须23份、苦瓜18份、荔枝核17份、银杏叶17份、余甘子15份、淡竹叶13份、薤白11份、石斛9份、半枝莲11份、知母10份、魔芋8份、甘草7份。
制备方法如下:
S1:称取艾叶、玉米须、苦瓜、荔枝核、银杏叶、余甘子、淡竹叶、薤白、石斛、半枝莲、知母、魔芋以及甘草,加入总药物8-12倍量水浸泡2-3小时,武火煎煮沸腾30-40分钟,再用文火煎煮2-3小时,过滤,得到滤液,往滤渣中加入2-4倍量水,武火煎煮沸腾15分钟,再用文火煎煮1小时,过滤,得到滤液,合并两次滤液,滤液浓缩至50℃-60℃下相对密度为1.20-1.35的稠膏;
S2:将S1制得的稠膏,减压干燥,粉碎后过140目筛,加入相应的辅料后制备成片剂。
实施例2:
本发明实施例2中药组合物包括以下重量份数的制备原料:艾叶27份、玉米须29份、苦瓜25份、荔枝核23份、银杏叶21份、余甘子19份、淡竹叶21份、薤白16份、石斛15份、半枝莲17份、知母17份、魔芋12份、甘草12份。
制备方法同实施例1,加入相应的辅料,制成胶囊剂。
实施例3
本发明实施例3中药组合物包括以下重量份数的制备原料:艾叶24份、玉米须26份、苦瓜21份、荔枝核20份、银杏叶18份、余甘子17份、淡竹叶17份、薤白13份、石斛12份、半枝莲14份、知母14份、魔芋10份、甘草9份。
制备方法同实施例1,加入相应的辅料,制成颗粒剂。
实施例4
本发明实施例4中药组合物包括以下重量份数的制备原料:艾叶22份、玉米须24份、苦瓜20份、荔枝核18份、银杏叶16份、余甘子15份、淡竹叶16份、薤白11份、石斛10份、半枝莲12份、知母12份、魔芋9份、甘草8份。
制备方法同实施例1,加入相应的辅料,制成散剂。
本发明中药组合物对糖尿病大鼠的研究实验
1、实验动物:清洁级健康Wistar鼠75只,雌雄性别随机,体重220-250g(由广东省医学实验动物中心提供)。
2、模型建立:大鼠正常喂养1周后,随机挑选15只大鼠作为对照组,喂饲普通饲料4周后腹腔注射等体积的柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液。其余大鼠喂饲高脂饲料。饲养4周后,禁食(不禁水)12h,30mg/kg腹腔注射2%链脲佐菌素溶液(临用前取适量链脲佐菌素,用0.1mol/L柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液冰浴中配制,pH=4.2),注射72h后检测空腹大鼠的血糖,以血糖高于11.1mmol/L为糖尿病造模成功标准。
3、试验方法:将造模成功的60只大鼠随机分为4组,每组15只,A组为本发明药物试验组高剂量组,B组为本发明药物试验组中剂量组,C组为本发明药物试验组低剂量组,D组为正常组,E组为模型组,组合物高剂量组:灌胃给予50mg/kg实施例1制备的片剂;组合物中剂量组:灌胃给予20mg/kg实施例1制备的片剂;组合物低剂量组:灌胃给予5mg/kg实施例1制备的片剂;正常组和模型组灌胃等体积蒸馏水。连续给药30d。治疗期间各组大鼠每日均饲以普通饲料,自由进食、饮水。
4、实验结果:
实验结果如表1所示。
表1各给药大鼠的血糖检测结果
注:与正常组比较,△△△P<0.001,与模型组比较,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,与低剂量组比较,##P<0.01。
与模型组比,本发明的中药组合物的高、中和低剂量组均可以显著的降血糖的作用,中剂量组和低剂量组与模型组相比具有显著的差异性(P<0.05),而高剂量组与模型组相比具有极显著的差异性(P<0.01)说明本发明提供的中药组合物对糖尿病具有显著的治疗效果。
临床资料
一般资料
200例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者经西医诊断,均符合2010年ADA(美国糖尿病协会)糖尿病诊断标准,其中男112例,女88例,年龄59.3±5.2岁,病程,5.1±1.4年。
治疗方法
给予实施例1制备的片剂,每日3次,每次4片。30天一疗程。
治疗一个月后观察所有患者治疗前后腰膝酸软,疲乏无力,口干咽燥,夜尿等临床症状改善情况。治疗前、治疗后空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)。
疗效标准
显效:临床症状改善明显,腰膝酸软、疲乏无力、口干咽燥、夜尿频多等消失或基本消失,血糖水平波动在正常范围内,血压≤128/80mmHg,24h尿蛋白<30mg,血尿素氮及肌酐均降至正常水平。
有效:临床症状减轻,腰膝酸软、疲乏无力、口干咽燥、夜尿频多等得到明显改善,空腹血糖控制理想,血压波动在140/90mmHg左右,24h尿蛋白和血尿素氮肌酐均有下降,但未完全好转.
无效:临床症状改善不明显,血压及血糖无下降或有下降但不理想,24h尿蛋白定量及血尿素氮肌酐均未下降,或下降未达到有效标准。
统计学处理
数据采用SPSS16.0软件进行统计分析。
结果
1.治疗前后血糖、糖化血红蛋白和血胰岛素比较
治疗前后血糖、糖化血红蛋白和空腹胰岛素比较见表2。
表2治疗前后FBG、HbAlc和FINS比较
注:与治疗前比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
经1个疗程的治疗后患者FBG、HbAlc、FINS均较治疗前下降,与治疗前有极显著性差异(P<0.01),可见本发明药物能显著降低血糖、糖化血红蛋白和血胰岛素的水平,改善老年糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗。
2.治疗疗效
2.1经1个疗程的治疗后,Ⅱ型糖尿病患者临床症状显著减轻,腰膝酸软、疲乏无力、口干咽燥、夜尿频多等症状消失。
2.2经1个疗程的治疗后,200Ⅱ型糖尿病患者:显效:139例,占69.5%;有效53,占26.5%;无效8例,占4%,总有效率为96.0%。
2.3经1个疗程的治疗后,200Ⅱ型糖尿病患者,未见1例不良反应。
由于已经通过以上较佳实施例描述了本发明,在本发明的精神和/或范围内,任何针对本发明的替换/或组合来实施本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说都是显而易见的,且包含在本发明之中。
Claims (6)
1.一种治疗糖尿病的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述的中药组合物由以下重量份数的中药为原料药制备而成:
艾叶20-27份、玉米须23-29份、苦瓜18-25份、荔枝核17-23份、银杏叶17-21份、余甘子15-19份、淡竹叶13-21份、薤白11-16份、石斛9-15份、半枝莲11-17份、知母10-17份、魔芋8-12份、甘草7-12份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗糖尿病的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述的中药组合物由以下重量份数的中药为原料药制备而成:
艾叶20份、玉米须23份、苦瓜18份、荔枝核17份、银杏叶17份、余甘子15份、淡竹叶13份、薤白11份、石斛9份、半枝莲11份、知母10份、魔芋8份、甘草7份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的治疗糖尿病的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述的中药组合物由以下重量份数的中药为原料药制备而成:
艾叶27份、玉米须29份、苦瓜25份、荔枝核23份、银杏叶21份、余甘子19份、淡竹叶21份、薤白16份、石斛15份、半枝莲17份、知母17份、魔芋12份、甘草12份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的治疗糖尿病的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述的中药组合物由以下重量份数的中药为原料药制备而成:
艾叶24份、玉米须26份、苦瓜21份、荔枝核20份、银杏叶18份、余甘子17份、淡竹叶17份、薤白13份、石斛12份、半枝莲14份、知母14份、魔芋10份、甘草9份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的治疗糖尿病的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的制剂为颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、口服液或散剂。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一所述的治疗糖尿病的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的中药组合物的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
S1:称取艾叶、玉米须、苦瓜、荔枝核、银杏叶、余甘子、淡竹叶、薤白、石斛、半枝莲、知母、魔芋以及甘草,加入总药物8-12倍量水浸泡2-3小时,武火煎煮沸腾30-40分钟,再用文火煎煮2-3小时,过滤,得到滤液,往滤渣中加入2-4倍量水,武火煎煮沸腾15分钟,再用文火煎煮1小时,过滤,得到滤液,合并两次滤液,滤液浓缩至50℃-60℃下相对密度为1.20-1.35的稠膏;
S2:将S1制得的稠膏减压干燥,粉碎后过140-200目筛,即得。
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