CN105409499B - A kind of double season crop rotations of rape corn and breeding co-planting method - Google Patents
A kind of double season crop rotations of rape corn and breeding co-planting method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
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- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of double season crop rotations of rape corn of the present invention and breeding co-planting method, including field arrange, and are building hen coop close to the side on field road, are sowing rape, fertilising；Thinning, final singling；5% is now spent with rape as time point, falls back 30 days and enters a poultry chick；It is de- to incubate young bird；To chicken immunity inoculation；Middle chicken is gone to the field；Tillage and weeding；When the full silique of field rape 3/4ths is in yellow green, main shaft base portion silique is harvest time when being in loquat color, the chicken list marketing altogether made in field or continues to raise；Rape gathers in；Hen coop bottom chicken manure is cleared up, is sprinkled into field；Consolidation is carried out after soil self-purification；The de- incubation for carrying out baby chick again is young；Mechanical direct sowing corn；Baby chick after de- temperature is put into crop field；Enter the toy trumpet mouth phase within 35 ~ 40 days after corn seeding；September harvesting corn on the 5th ~ 15.The present invention has played poultry for making crop smothering, the insect pest control of crops altogether, while has carried out the aquaculture management and Disease management of poultry, realizes the production of 1 year double season crop and double season birds.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, is related to a kind of ecologic planting and cultivates the method made altogether, specifically a kind of oil
The double season crop rotations of dish corn and breeding co-planting method.
Background technology
With the horizontal raising of China's socio-economic development, meat increases sharply resident's meals proportion.It is universal at present
The large-scale cultivation mode of use produces nearly 4,000,000,000 tons of fowl and animal excrements every year, needs volume because kind of a cultivation separates these fowl and animal excrements
Outer input is handled and avoids causing environmental pollution.On the other hand, for the ease of mechanized operation, removing in agricultural production
Careless agent, agricultural chemicals, fertilizer application amount increase severely, and the public attention that agricultural product food security triggers is increasingly strong；The farmland content of organic matter
It is rapid to reduce, soil hardening and soil-borne disease getting worse, China's agriculture is threatened in terms of production marketing and production two
The sustainable development of industry.For example, southern area of Jiangsu Province is always the land of plenty of China, at present used chemical farming pattern
Need largely to apply chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, herbicide and aid in agricultural production, result in quality of agricultural product reduction, river pollution.Southern Jiangsu
Area is the economic most developed area in China and the densest area of population simultaneously, to ensuring drinking water safety and providing safe agriculture
Product has a urgent demand, and the ecological agriculture of Development of Novel is that this area is urgent at present and unique selection.
The existing breeding method that for example a kind of corn field of operation mode cultivates goose altogether（201310355885.2）；A kind of rice field life
State breeding method（201310319814.7）；One seed shrimp rice makees integral synthesis breeding technology altogether（ 201310668838.3）；
One kind circulation mixed type paddy field aquaculture method（ 201410064459.8）Describe caused by eco-species cultivation working method
Benefit.As a kind of monotechnics, it can solve control grass, control insect pest and the benefit during farmland planting to a certain extent
The problem of filling fertilizer, but from the overall operation of project, these methods do not consider how to overcome in common operation mode to cultivate product
The disease control of kind, do not refer to that the farming season for how adapting to the double seasons productions in southern area of China arranges yet.
The content of the invention：
For above-mentioned technical problem of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of double season crop rotations of rape corn and breeding to be total to
Make method, the double season crop rotations of described this rape corn and breeding co-planting method solve eco-species cultivation side of the prior art
Method does not solve disease control, while does not provide the technology that crops and cultivation are made altogether in the double season production processes in southern area of China and ask
Topic.
The invention provides a kind of double season crop rotations of rape corn and breeding co-planting method, comprise the following steps：
The step of one field arranges；Every 4 ~ 6 mu of conducts, one Animal Raising Zone, surrounding with height for 1 ~ 1.5 meter, aperture be
4 ~ 6 centimetres of Dutch net makes fence, is building at least one hen coop close to the side on field road, the chicken that hen coop accommodates is 15
~ 20/square metre, hen coop bottom use overhead leakage dropping-board；
One survive the winter rapeseed cultivation the step of；Southern area of Jiangsu Province rape selection is sowed in 20~October 30 October, sowing
Before bask seeds 1d~2d, ploughed whole 1 time~2 times, every mu of 1800 ~ 2200kg of organic fertilizer, 0.8 ~ 1.2kg of boron fertilizer in 10d before sowing, oil
The live every mu of application rate of dish is 0.2kg~0.3kg；
The step of one thinning final singling；One leaf wholeheartedly when thinning, three leaves wholeheartedly when final singling, opened every 8 ~ 12 meters it is one wide by 20 ~
35 centimeters, deep 15 ~ 25 centimeters gutter；In the both sides in the gutter passage that respectively one width of structure is 1 ~ 2 meter；
One the step of making poultry preparation altogether；It is time point that 4 ~ 8% are now spent with rape, falls back 30 days as entering a poultry chick
Time, using chicken as making poultry altogether；
One step for taking off temperature；Seedling rearing room initial temperature is 35 degree, weekly after 2 degree, 3 weeks of gentle reduction temperature, can be accelerated
Chick is moved to outdoor by cooling rate in seedling rearing room to 4 degree weekly after full four weeks, during this period relative humidity control 50% ~
70%, 1 ~ 2 ventilation is carried out daily；
The step of one control chicken density；The density domination of chicken is 20~30/square metre, and the last fortnight of brooding is kept
Illumination in 24 hours, is transferred to natural lighting for 3 ~ 4 weeks, average illumination degree 30lx in pouity dwelling place；
One to seedling rearing room carry out daily management the step of；Frequent ventilation, EM bacterium deodorizations are sprayed in air, it is periodically clear
Excrement is managed, sweeps ground；
The step of one immunity inoculation；Marek's vaccine is injected before opening food；7 ages in days are prevented epidemic with H120 vaccine-containing drinking waters；10
Age in days is that newcastle disease vaccine is prevented epidemic with II；30 age in days repeated inoculations 1 time II are newcastle disease vaccine and bursa of fabricius vaccine；
The step of one middle chicken is gone to the field；The chick of 4 week old has grown up to middle chicken, is put into hen coop, and 15 ~ 20 are put per square meter hen house
Chicken, it is put into hen coop at initial stage and carries out illumination in 24 hours, the middle chicken just gone to the field is closed one week in hen coop, after environment hen coop is familiar with
Hen house door is opened again and is put into field, and every mu of quantity for putting chicken in a suitable place to breed is 50 ~ 70；
The step of one combination tillage and weeding；Weeds in passage are removed, are easy to chicken to go deep into field；
One the step of daily management is carried out to field and fowl canopy；Ditch system is cleared up early, and daily early morning opens hen coop, at dusk
When feed a feed, use hopper or charging basket when feed directly being spread on into ground, rainy day or ground humidity during fine day, hopper and
Charging basket should meet the chicken no less than sum 20% while feed；
One rape bloom knot angle the step of；Behind rape knot angle, by pecking at for chicken, the rape leave decayed is cleared up, weeding,
Control worm；
The step of one ripe harvest；Late May, when the full silique of field rape 3/4ths is in yellow green, main shaft base portion angle
Fruit is harvest time when being in loquat color, the chicken list marketing now made altogether in field or continues raising and is used to lay eggs, and rape uses machinery
Change harvester harvesting, straw chopping and returning；
One the step of carrying out Antiepidemic sterilizing to fowl canopy, cleaning hen coop bottom chicken manure are sprinkled into field, should after rape harvest
All cultivation poultry should all clear out in region, after emptying the excrement under pouity dwelling place, using quick lime to pouity dwelling place and neighbouring ground
Carry out disinfection, sterilization be rinsed to fowl canopy interior walls and powder-leakage plate using the disinfectant of hypochlorous acid class, is then shut off fowl canopy,
Depth sterilization is carried out to fowl canopy using fumigation method；
The step of one soil self-purification；Deliver for sale to next group chicken and enter from rape harvesting chicken, interval is not less than 20 ~ 30
My god；
The step of one consolidation；Consolidation is carried out before corn seeding, every mu of administration 800 ~ 1200kg organic fertilizer, is adopted
Rape stalk and organic fertilizer are mixed thoroughly with soil with rotary tillage mode, the progress of cell soil is smooth, eliminates difference of height, corn is using wide
Narrow row mode is planted, and Box Drain is begun to rehearse together at interval of 3 ~ 3.4 meters；
One carries out the de- step for incubating young bird in corn seeding advance baby chick；Seedling rearing room initial temperature is 35 degree, is put down weekly
It is slow reduce by 2 degree, 3 weeks of temperature after, cooling rate can be accelerated to 4 degree weekly, expire in seedling rearing room and chick is moved into outdoor after four weeks,
Relative humidity control carries out 1 ~ 2 ventilation, the density domination of chicken is 20~30/square 50% ~ 70% daily during this period
Rice, the last fortnight of brooding keep illumination in 24 hours, are transferred within 3 ~ 4 weeks natural lighting, average illumination degree 30lx in hen coop, often ventilation
Take a breath, EM bacterium deodorizations are sprayed in air, periodic cleaning excrement, sweep ground；
The step of carrying out immunity inoculation again；Marek's vaccine is injected before opening food；7 ages in days are prevented epidemic with H120 vaccine-containing drinking waters；
10 ages in days are that newcastle disease vaccine is prevented epidemic with II；30 age in days repeated inoculations 1 time II are newcastle disease vaccine and bursa of fabricius vaccine；
The step of one Mechanical direct sowing corn, early June, 4 row corns, center two are planted in 3 ~ 3.4 meters of wide furrow faces
Every trade is away from for 75 ~ 85 centimetres, and edge lines and the row of the row of center two are 40 centimetres, and 80 centimetres away from irrigation canals and ditches center of edge lines are real
Distance is 1.4 ~ 1.8 meters between existing two furrow edge lines, and corn plants are away from 20 ~ 30 centimetres, 3100 ~ 3500 plants of mu plantation amount；
Baby chick after de- Wen Sanzhou is put into the adaptation cultivation carried out in the hen coop in crop field one week；It is put into after one week
Crop field；
Enter within 35 ~ 40 days after corn seeding the toy trumpet mouth phase, the activity of chicken is the weeds and insect under cleaning corn；
September harvesting corn on the 5th ~ 15, stalk crush and return field or as ensilage.
Further, hen coop bottom uses overhead leakage dropping-board.
Further, making on soil free time between every batch of poultry altogether is not less than 30 days.
Further, in the step of thinning final singling, wide 30 centimeters, a deep 20 centimeters draining is opened every 10 meters
Ditch, the strong sprout of each 60 centimeters of gutter both sides of transplanting are used to fill the gaps with seedlings, and weak seedling all empties, then build a width in both sides and be
1.5 meters of passage.
Further, daily morning opening hen coop is gone to the field by chicken freely looks for food,
Further, in feeding selection of time vicinity evening in the afternoon, once, feeding capacity is according to the upgrowth situation of chicken for daily feeding
It is determined that all being eaten up in 30 minutes with chicken substantially is advisable.
Further, toy trumpet mouth phase of 35 ~ 40 days after corn seeding, trichogramma releases are controlled to flight class pest
System.
The present invention compares with prior art, and its technological progress is significant.The present invention was according to southern area of China 1 year two
Cultivated land area photo-thermal aqueous vapor feature, while crop smothering, insect pest control advantage of the poultry for making crops altogether is played, consider
The aquaculture management and Disease management of poultry, realize the production of 1 year double season crop and double season birds.
Embodiment
A kind of double season crop rotations of the rape corn of embodiment 1 and breeding co-planting method
Field arranges：Every 5 mu of conducts, one Animal Raising Zone, 1.2 meters of height of surrounding, the Dutch net in 5 centimetres of aperture is made
Fence.Several hen coops are built in the side close to field road.Hen coop bottom uses overhead leakage dropping-board, meets that chicken is moistureproof and clear
Clean hygienic demand.Hen coop nearby sets water fountain and feed device.Every mu of quantity for putting chicken in a suitable place to breed is 50 ~ 70, corresponding one small
Put 250 ~ 350 chickens in a suitable place to breed in area.The chicken that hen coop accommodates is 15 ~ 20/square metre, and each hen coop sum, which is no more than 150, to be advisable.
Survive the winter rapeseed cultivation：Southern area of Jiangsu Province rape selection is sowed in 20~October 30 October.Basked seeds before sowing 1d~
2d.Ploughed whole 1 time~2 times in 10 d before sowing, plough thin mud block, reach loosing soil, the thin Tian Ping of mud, dry and wet appropriateness.And combine and plough
Whole every mu of organic fertilizer 2000kg, boron fertilizer 1kg.The live every mu of application rate of rape is 0.2kg~0.3kg.
Thinning final singling：One leaf wholeheartedly when thinning, according to spacing in the rows, go it is small stay it is big, go it is close stay, go it is weak stay it is strong.Three leaves are wholeheartedly
Shi Dingmiao.Wide 30 centimeters, a deep 20 centimeters gutter is opened every 10 meters in this stage.Transplant each 60 centimeters of gutter both sides
Strong sprout is used to fill the gaps with seedlings, and weak seedling all empties.The passage that one overall width of structure is 1.5 meters.
Make poultry preparation altogether.5% is now spent with rape as time point, falls back 30 days as the time for entering a poultry chick.In the present invention
In, preferably chicken is used as makees poultry altogether.
De- temperature：35 degree of seedling rearing room initial temperature, after gently reducing by 2 degree, 3 weeks of temperature weekly, cooling rate can be accelerated to often
4 degree of week.It is ready for chick moving to outdoor after full four weeks in seedling rearing room.Relative humidity control has 50% ~ 70% during this period
1 ~ 2 ventilation is carried out during condition daily.Chicken safe drinking water is kept, and feed is changed according to chicken nutritional need in good time.
Chicken density：Density is 20~30/square metre.The last fortnight of brooding keeps illumination in 24 hours, is transferred to nature within 3 ~ 4 weeks
Illumination.Average illumination degree 30lx is advisable in pouity dwelling place.
One to seedling rearing room carry out daily management the step of；Room air circulation is bad, can directly affect the growth of chick
Development, and the generation of the diseases such as chronic respiratory disease, illness in eye can be induced.Frequent ventilation is answered, EM bacterium is sprayed in air and removes
It is smelly, periodic cleaning excrement, sweep ground.
Immunity inoculation：Marek's vaccine is injected before opening food；7 ages in days are prevented epidemic with H120 vaccine-containing drinking waters；10 ages in days, II system
Newcastle disease vaccine is prevented epidemic；30 age in days repeated inoculations 1 time II are newcastle disease vaccine and bursa of fabricius vaccine.
Middle chicken is gone to the field：Hen coop is built on Rapeseed Field side, the chick of 4 week old has grown up to middle chicken, has been put into field hen house.Depending on chicken into
Body is of different sizes, and 15 ~ 20 chickens are put per square meter hen house.It is put into hen coop at initial stage and carries out illumination in 24 hours, allows chicken to adapt to ring as early as possible
Border.The middle chicken just gone to the field is closed one week in chicken coop, is opened hen house door again after being familiar with environment and recognizing nest and is put into field.
With reference to tillage and weeding, the higher weeds in 1.5 meters of reserved fat pipes are removed, are easy to chicken to go deep into field.
Daily management is carried out to field and fowl canopy：Chicken happiness, which is dried, is afraid of humidity.Rainwater is more after spring, should clear up ditch system early,
Prevent mud from blocking, rainwater empties as early as possible, not ponding around hen house.Daily early morning opens hen house, allows chicken to enter in field and freely adopts
Food, a feed is fed during the dusk.Feed and wave nest with reference to calling, form chicken and nest is accustomed to.Directly feed can be spread on during fine day
Hopper or charging basket are used when ground, rainy day or ground humidity.Hopper and charging basket should meet the chicken no less than sum 20% while enter
Food.Feeding capacity is all eaten up in 30 minutes with chicken to be advisable.
Rape, which is bloomed, ties angle.Behind rape knot angle, photosynthesis is mainly completed by the intracutaneous chloroplaset of siliqua of oilseed rape, at this moment bottom
Portion's leaf does not influence yield of rape.By pecking at for chicken, the rape leave decayed is cleared up, weeding, controls worm.Improve rape leg space ventilation
Printing opacity environment.
Maturation harvest：Late May, when the full silique of field rape 3/4ths is in yellow green, main shaft base portion silique is in loquat color
When be harvest.The chicken now made altogether in field has grown 4 months or so, with list marketing or can continue raising for producing
Egg.Rape is gathered in using mechanized harvest machine, straw chopping and returning.
Antiepidemic sterilizing is carried out to fowl canopy：Hen coop bottom chicken manure is cleared up, is sprinkled into field, after rape harvest, is owned in the region
Cultivation poultry should all clear out, and after emptying the excrement under pouity dwelling place, pouity dwelling place and neighbouring ground are carried out disinfection using quick lime, made
Sterilization is rinsed to fowl canopy interior walls and powder-leakage plate with the disinfectant of hypochlorous acid class, is then shut off fowl canopy, is disappeared using stifling
Malicious method carries out depth sterilization to fowl canopy；
Soil self-purification：Deliver for sale to next group chicken and enter from rape harvesting chicken, interval is not less than 30 days.Meet soil self-purification
With the needs for blocking pathogeny body to propagate.
Consolidation：Carry out consolidation before corn seeding, 1 ton of organic fertilizer of every mu of administration, using rotary tillage mode by rape
Stalk and organic fertilizer are mixed thoroughly with soil.Cell soil carries out smooth, elimination difference of height.Corn is planted using width line mode, often
3.2 meters of interval begins to rehearse Box Drain together, and width and depth are the same as described previously.
It is young that de- incubation is carried out with corn seeding advance baby chick：35 degree of seedling rearing room initial temperature, temperature 2 is gently reduced weekly
Degree, after 3 weeks, can accelerate cooling rate to 4 degree weekly.It is ready for chick moving to outdoor after full four weeks in seedling rearing room.Herein
The control of period relative humidity carries out 1 ~ 2 ventilation 50% ~ 70% daily when having ready conditions.Chicken safe drinking water is kept, and according to chicken
Young nutritional need changes feed in good time.Chicken density：Density is 20~30/square metre.The last fortnight of brooding is kept for 24 small time
According to being transferred to natural lighting within 3 ~ 4 weeks.Average illumination degree 30lx is advisable in pouity dwelling place.
Daily management：Room air circulation is bad, can directly affect growing for chick, and can induce chronic respiratory
The generation of the diseases such as disease, illness in eye.Frequent ventilation is answered, EM bacterium deodorizations is sprayed in air, periodic cleaning excrement, sweeps ground
Face.
Immunity inoculation：Marek's vaccine is injected before opening food；7 ages in days are prevented epidemic with H120 vaccine-containing drinking waters；10 ages in days, II system
Newcastle disease vaccine is prevented epidemic；30 age in days repeated inoculations 1 time II are newcastle disease vaccine and bursa of fabricius vaccine.
Now temperature is higher, it should be noted that mosquito-proof sting.Sound ventilation environment is kept in hen house and is cooled in good time.
Corn uses Mechanical direct sowing, early June, plants 4 row corns in 3.2 meters of wide furrow faces, the every trade of center two away from for
80 centimetres, edge lines and the row of the row of center two are 40 centimetres, 80 centimetres away from irrigation canals and ditches center of edge lines, realize two furrow edge lines
Between distance be 1.6 meters.Moving conduit is reserved for chicken.Corn plants are away from 25 centimetres.3300 plants or so of plantation amount of mu, is planted with tradition
Density is identical.
In southern area of Jiangsu Province, the general late May harvesting of rape, by consolidation, general corn is in early June live kind
Plant.At this moment the baby chick entered is suitable for 28 degree or so of temperature, close to outside air temperature, can be put into crop field after 3 weeks de- temperature are cultivated
Hen coop in carry out one week adaptation cultivate.De- temperature compared to spring shortens week age.
Enter the toy trumpet mouth phase within 35 ~ 40 days after corn seeding.Now the growth feeding of chicken has no adverse effect to corn.Quickly
The corn of growth provides good masking environment for chicken, and the cool place under corn can ensure that chicken safe production in summer.The activity of chicken is clear
Manage the weeds and insect under corn.
September harvesting corn on the 5th ~ 15, stalk crush and return field or as feed.
Further, making on soil free time between every batch of poultry altogether is not less than 30 days.
Illustrate that the present invention's makees principle and plan arrangement altogether by taking southern Jiangsu as an example.October 10 the previous year uses hereinbefore straight
Broadcast mode plants rape.Winter does not need insect prevention control grass.Next year 2 month 20 entered baby chick and carries out de- temperature, present invention has evidenced that Beijing
A fine breed of chicken with thick brownish feathers, silk plumage black-bone chicken, deer park chicken and chicken wings ＆ legs with brown sauce can meet to make needs altogether, and these chicken popular features are that feeding habits are miscellaneous, ability of migrating
It is weak, strong stress resistance.Hen coop in March 20 Ji Ru crop fields, March 27, chicken was put into field.Period can enter depending on weed growth situation
Tillage and weeding of row, rape harvesting on May 25, chicken go out field.By the sterilization in completion hen coop noted earlier and hen coop periphery soil
Work.
Soil turns over whole by rotary tillage, adds base manure, begin to rehearse Box Drain again, does furrow.About soil was completed before June 10
Arrange.It is live using machine progress corn June 10.
Laggard baby chick before June 10, de- temperature were about put into crop field before and after July 2 after 3 weeks, cultivated in hen coop inner sealing
In one week, Tanaka is put within 10 days or so in July.To further ensure that the insect pest of not occurrence injury corn, can discharge at this moment red
Eye honeybee is controlled to the flight class pest such as corn borer.Every mu puts honeybee 1.5 ten thousand.
What the present invention planted is the corn eaten raw, is about harvested within 10 days or so in September.Harvest is received using machinery
Cut, its stalk can chopping and returning or as ensilage.
Soil is by turning over arrangement, into next batch of rapeseed cultivation.
Herbicidal effect is as follows：
Control for crop smothering：By two Ji Gongzuo that yield two crops a year, crop smothering is effectively controlled in cell, in hen coop is
Almost lose weeds in 30 meters of radius of the heart, the only remaining fragmentary weeds in the region of 30 ~ 50 meters of radius.Remotely corner
Still there are part weeds.Weed density and height are also below control field.Use within such as continuous more than 2 years and make mode altogether and combine artificial
Weeding is supplemented, the life cycle of Tanaka weeds can be blocked substantially, negative effect of the weeds for crop is completely eliminated.
Deinsectization effect is as follows：
Within the production cycle of First Year, corn does not occur that the insect pest of yield can be influenceed.The soil such as particularly mole cricket, grub
Insect pest is nearly no.Make the corn yield in field altogether equivalent to control field（Artificial weeding, using fertilizer and pesticide）80%.
Getting fat effect is as follows：
Due to straw-returning and 2 organic fertilizers are increased, soil organic matter content is by averagely lifting 30%, and lifting effect is very
Substantially, its soil nitrogen phosphorus potassium level also has corresponding lifting.
Table one, 5 grab sample soil nutrients of field and content of organic matter test data
Cultivate the Disease management effect of poultry：
When chicken in hen coop is maintained at 15 ~ 20/square metre, occasionally has and peck the appearance of anus phenomenon.The weaker chicken of some constitutions
Natural selection over time.Started at from nursery to after 4 months and remove total survival rate more than 85% from field.Do not occur tight
Weight epidemic situation.
Economic and Efficiency Analysis：
The labour that the two seasons crop rotation of rape corn and the Ji Gongzuo of chicken two mode reduce artificial weeding and sprayed insecticide puts into,
It particularly can avoid feeding water in dusk feeding burning sun daytime in the summer peasant of sweltering heat, greatly improve peasant in field work
Environment.Due to Mechanization sowing and harvesting, no tillage and weeding and spray insecticide, the amount of labour demanded of farming work is compared to simultaneously
Unlike using the more of agricultural chemicals and herbicide mode.100 are produced except in addition to, every mu of ground every year more with conventional crop yield
Chicken, its economic value exceed field-crop.If production agricultural product are by Third Party Authentication, do not increasing labour's input additionally
In the case of, it will be lifted per per mu yield value and arrive current 5 times of the farmland output value.This ecology makees mode for environmental protection altogether, keeps agriculture
The effect of industry sustainable development is also obvious.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of double season crop rotations of rape corn and breeding co-planting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The step of one field arranges；Every 4 ~ 6 mu of conducts, one Animal Raising Zone, surrounding is highly 1 ~ 1.5 meter, aperture is 4 ~ 6
Centimetre Dutch net make fence, building at least one hen coop close to the side on field road, the chicken that hen coop accommodates is 15 ~ 20
Only/square metre, hen coop bottom uses overhead leakage dropping-board；
One survive the winter rapeseed cultivation the step of；Southern area of Jiangsu Province rape selection is sowed in 20~October 30 October, is shone before sowing
Kind 1d~2d, is ploughed whole 1 time~2 times, every mu of 1800 ~ 2200kg of organic fertilizer, 0.8 ~ 1.2kg of boron fertilizer, rape is straight before sowing in 10d
It is 0.2kg~0.3kg to broadcast every mu of application rate；
The step of one thinning final singling；One leaf wholeheartedly when thinning, three leaves wholeheartedly when final singling, it is public that one wide 20 ~ 35 is opened every 8 ~ 12 meters
Point, 15 ~ 25 centimeters deeply of gutter；In the both sides in the gutter passage that respectively one width of structure is 1 ~ 2 meter；
One the step of making poultry preparation altogether；It is time point that 4 ~ 8% are now spent with rape, falls back 30 days as the time for entering a poultry chick,
Using chicken as making poultry altogether；
One step for taking off temperature；Seedling rearing room initial temperature is 35 degree, weekly after 2 degree, 3 weeks of gentle reduction temperature, can accelerate to cool
Chick is moved to outdoor by speed in seedling rearing room to 4 degree weekly after full four weeks, and relative humidity control is 50% ~ 70% during this period,
1 ~ 2 ventilation is carried out daily；
The step of one control chick density；The density domination of chick is 20~30/square metre, and the last fortnight of brooding holding 24 is small
Shi Guangzhao, is transferred to natural lighting for 3 ~ 4 weeks, average illumination degree 30lx in hen coop；
One to seedling rearing room carry out daily management the step of；Frequent ventilation, EM bacterium deodorizations, periodic cleaning excrement are sprayed in air
Just, ground is swept；
The step of one immunity inoculation；Marek's vaccine is injected before opening food；7 ages in days are prevented epidemic with H120 vaccine-containing drinking waters；10 ages in days
It is that newcastle disease vaccine is prevented epidemic with II；30 age in days repeated inoculations 1 time II are newcastle disease vaccine and bursa of fabricius vaccine；
The step of one middle chicken is gone to the field；The chick of 4 week old has grown up to middle chicken, is put into hen coop, and 15 ~ 20 chickens are put per square meter hen coop,
It is put into hen coop at initial stage and carries out illumination in 24 hours, the middle chicken just gone to the field is closed one week in hen coop, after environment hen coop is familiar with again
Open hen coop door and be put into field, every mu of quantity for putting chicken in a suitable place to breed is 50 ~ 70；
The step of one combination tillage and weeding；Weeds in passage are removed, are easy to chicken to go deep into field；
One the step of daily management is carried out to field and hen coop；Clear up ditch system early, daily early morning opens hen coop, throws during the dusk
A feed is fed, hopper or charging basket, hopper and charging basket are used when feed directly being spread on into ground, rainy day or ground humidity during fine day
The chicken no less than sum 20% should be met while fed；
One rape bloom knot angle the step of；Behind rape knot angle, by pecking at for chicken, the rape leave decayed, weeding, control are cleared up
Worm；
The step of one ripe harvest；Late May, when the full silique of field rape 3/4ths is in yellow green, main shaft base portion silique is in
It is harvest time during loquat color, the chicken list marketing now made altogether in field or continues raising and be used to lay eggs, rape is received using mechanization
Cutting mill gathers in, straw chopping and returning；
One the step of carrying out Antiepidemic sterilizing to hen coop, cleaning hen coop bottom chicken manure are sprinkled into field, after rape harvest, the region
Interior all cultivation poultry should all be cleared out, and after emptying the excrement under hen coop, hen coop and neighbouring ground are carried out using quick lime
Hen coop interior walls and powder-leakage plate are rinsed sterilization using the disinfectant of hypochlorous acid class, are then shut off hen coop by sterilization, are used
Fumigation method carries out depth sterilization to hen coop；
The step of one soil self-purification；Deliver for sale to next group chicken and enter from rape harvesting chicken, interval is not less than 30 days；
The step of one consolidation；Consolidation, every mu of administration 800 ~ 1200kg organic fertilizer, using rotation are carried out before corn seeding
The mode of ploughing mixes rape stalk and organic fertilizer with soil thoroughly, and the progress of cell soil is smooth, eliminates difference of height, and corn uses wide-and narrow-row
Mode is planted, and Box Drain is begun to rehearse together at interval of 3 ~ 3.4 meters；
One carries out the de- step for incubating young bird of baby chick before corn seeding；Seedling rearing room initial temperature is 35 degree, gentle weekly to reduce
After 2 degree, 3 weeks of temperature, cooling rate can be accelerated to 4 degree weekly, chick is moved into outdoor after full four weeks in seedling rearing room, in this phase
Between relative humidity control 50% ~ 70%, carry out 1 ~ 2 ventilation daily, the density domination of chicken is 20~30/square metre, is educated
Young the last fortnight keeps illumination in 24 hours, is transferred within 3 ~ 4 weeks natural lighting, average illumination degree 30lx in hen coop, frequent ventilation,
EM bacterium deodorizations are sprayed in air, periodic cleaning excrement, sweep ground；
The step of carrying out immunity inoculation again；Marek's vaccine is injected before opening food；7 ages in days are prevented epidemic with H120 vaccine-containing drinking waters；10 days
Age is that newcastle disease vaccine is prevented epidemic with II；30 age in days repeated inoculations 1 time II are newcastle disease vaccine and bursa of fabricius vaccine；
The step of one Mechanical direct sowing corn, early June, 4 row corns, the every trade of center two are planted in 3 ~ 3.4 meters of wide furrow faces
Away from for 75 ~ 85 centimetres, edge lines and the row of the row of center two are 40 centimetres, 80 centimetres away from irrigation canals and ditches center of edge lines, realize two
Distance is 1.4 ~ 1.8 meters between furrow edge lines, and corn plants are away from 20 ~ 30 centimetres, 3100 ~ 3500 plants of mu plantation amount；
Baby chick after de- Wen Sanzhou is put into the adaptation cultivation carried out in the hen coop in crop field one week；It is put into after one week big
Field；
Enter within 35 ~ 40 days after corn seeding the toy trumpet mouth phase, the activity of chicken is the weeds and insect under cleaning corn；
September harvesting corn on the 5th ~ 15, stalk crush and return field or as feed.
2. a kind of double season crop rotations of rape corn according to claim 1 and breeding co-planting method, it is characterised in that：At one
In the step of thinning final singling, wide 30 centimeters, a deep 20 centimeters gutter is opened every 10 meters, transplants each 60 centimeters of gutter both sides
Strong sprout be used to fill the gaps with seedlings, weak seedling is all emptied, then the passage that width is 1.5 meters is built in both sides.
3. a kind of double season crop rotations of rape corn according to claim 1 and breeding co-planting method, it is characterised in that：Corn is broadcast
The toy trumpet mouth phase of 35 ~ 40 days, trichogramma releases are controlled to flight class pest after kind.
4. a kind of double season crop rotations of rape corn according to claim 1 and breeding co-planting method, it is characterised in that：Hen coop bottom
Portion uses overhead leakage dropping-board.
5. a kind of double season crop rotations of rape corn according to claim 1 and breeding co-planting method, it is characterised in that：Make soil altogether
Free time is not less than 30 days between every batch of poultry on the ground.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102318493A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-01-18 | 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method for planting dry-land Brassica napus by using mulching film corn residual film |
| CN103766103A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2014-05-07 | 寇彩琴 | Method for interplanting field of corn with rapeseeds |
| CN104872430A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-09-02 | 桐城市杨清土元养殖有限公司 | Rape flower containing ground beeltle larva fodder |
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2015
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102318493A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-01-18 | 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method for planting dry-land Brassica napus by using mulching film corn residual film |
| CN103766103A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2014-05-07 | 寇彩琴 | Method for interplanting field of corn with rapeseeds |
| CN104872430A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-09-02 | 桐城市杨清土元养殖有限公司 | Rape flower containing ground beeltle larva fodder |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 《大厂乡玉米油菜高产创建的成效及启示》;姚春早等;《云南农业》;20150820;第15-16页 * |
| 《山区冬油菜轮作夏季甜玉米栽培技术》;陈德松;《福建农业科技》;20120725;第53-55页 * |
| 《油菜，玉米，花生，大白菜轮作间套技术》;陈春化等;《中国农村小康科技》;20001215;第19页 * |
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