CN105408304A - 1,2-二取代环丁基化合物 - Google Patents
1,2-二取代环丁基化合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105408304A CN105408304A CN201480041080.3A CN201480041080A CN105408304A CN 105408304 A CN105408304 A CN 105408304A CN 201480041080 A CN201480041080 A CN 201480041080A CN 105408304 A CN105408304 A CN 105408304A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- cyclobutyl
- substituted
- compound
- pyrrolidin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Abstract
本发明涉及通式(I)中的化合物、含所述化合物的药物组合物,及其在药物,特别是在疼痛治疗药物中的应用,其中所述化合物的变形具有不同的含义。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种化合物,含该化合物的药物组合物,及它们在药物,特别是治疗疼痛的药物中的应用。
背景技术
近年来与目标疾病相关的蛋白质和其它生物分子的结构的认知极大地促进了新的治疗剂的研究。这些蛋白质中一种重要的类型是西格玛(σ)受体,该受体是中枢神经系统(CNS)的细胞表面受体,并且可能与阿片类药物引起的烦躁不安、致幻的和心脏刺激作用相关。根据σ受体的生物学和功能研究,已有证据表明σ受体配体可能有益于对精神病和诸如张力障碍和迟发性运动障碍等的运动失调、以及与亨廷顿氏舞蹈病或图雷特综合征相关的运动障碍以及帕金森氏病的治疗(Walker,J.M.等,PharmacologicalReviews,1990,42,355)。据报道,已知的σ受体配体林卡唑在临床上显示了在治疗精神病方面的效果(Snyder,S.H.,Largent,B.L.J.Neuropsychiatry1989,1,7)。σ结合位点对于某些阿片苯基吗啡类的右旋异构体具有优先的亲合力,例如(+)-SKF-10047、(+)-环唑辛、(+)-喷他佐辛及某些针对发作性睡病的药物如氟哌丁苯。
本申请中所使用的“σ受体”是众所周知的,使用如下引文来对其进行定义:该结合位点表示不同于阿片类物质、NMDA、多巴胺能的、以及其它已知的神经传递素或激素受体家族的典型蛋白质(G.Ronsisvalle等,PureAppl.Chem.73,1499-1509(2001))。
σ受体有至少两种亚型,可以通过其药理活性药物的立体异构体进行区分。SKF-10047对西格玛-1(σ-1)位点具有纳摩尔级的亲和力,对西格玛-2(σ-2)位点具有微摩尔级的亲和力。氟哌啶醇对两种亚型具有相似的亲和力。
σ-1受体是非阿片类受体,在很多成年哺乳动物组织(例如中枢神经系统、卵巢、睾丸、胎盘、肾上腺、脾脏、肝脏、肾脏和胃肠道)以及胚胎发育的最早期阶段中得到表达,并明显参与了大量的生理机能。在其它已知的具有止痛、抗焦虑、抗抑郁、抗遗忘、抗精神病和神经保护活性的配体中,其对于许多药物的高亲合力已被描述,如SKF-10047、(+)-喷他佐辛、氟哌丁苯和林卡唑。鉴于σ-1受体在与镇痛、焦虑、成瘾、健忘、抑郁、精神分裂、精神紧张、神经保护和精神病相关的过程中可能的生理学作用,σ-1受体在药理学上是非常有用的[Kaiser等(1991)Neurotransmissions7(1):1-5],[Walker,J.M.等,PharmacologicalReviews,1990,42,355],[BowenW.D.(2000)PharmaceuticaActaHelvetiae74:211-218]和[Hayashi,T.等,DrugsoftheFuture2009,34(2),137]。
σ-2受体也在许多成年哺乳动物组织(如神经系统,免疫系统,内分泌系统,肝,肾)中表达。σ-2受体可以是一个新的细胞凋亡途径中的成分,该细胞凋亡途径可能在调节细胞增殖或细胞发展中发挥重要作用。该途径可能包含位于储存钙的细胞器,如内质网和线粒体的细胞内膜上的σ-2受体,该σ-2受体也具有使这些细胞器释放钙的能力。钙信号可用于正常细胞和/或细胞凋亡的诱导的信号途径中。
σ-2受体配体,特别是激动剂,可作为抗肿瘤剂以诱导细胞凋亡的剂量或亚毒性的剂量与其他抗肿瘤剂结合,用于还原药物的抗性,从而降低抗肿瘤剂的使用剂量,并大大降低其副反应。
另外,σ-2受体配体,特别是拮抗剂,可用作提高针对使用典型抗精神病药物,如氟哌啶醇,进行精神病的慢性治疗的病人中出现的迟发性运动障碍的削弱作用的试剂。σ-2受体可能也在某些退行性疾病中有一定的作用,其中阻断这些受体是有益的。
内源性σ配体是未知的,尽管孕酮被认为是其中之一。可能的σ位点介导的药物效应包括谷氨酸盐受体功能,神经递质响应,神经保护,行为和认知的调节(Quirion,R.等.TrendsPharmacol.Sci.,1992,13:85-86)。大多数的研究暗示了σ结合位点(受体)是信号转导级联的质膜元件。已被报道的选择性σ配体的药物已被评估为抗精神病药(Hanner,M.等.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.,1996,93:8072-8077)。σ受体在CNS、免疫系统和内分泌系统中的存在表明其可能用于上述三个系统之间的连接。
鉴于σ受体的激动剂或拮抗剂的潜在治疗应用,大量的工作集中于寻找有效的配体。已有一些不同的σ受体配体被报道。
例如,WO2007/098961A1描述了4,5,6,7-四氢苯并[b]噻吩衍生物对σ受体具有药理活性。
WO2007/121976A1公开了螺甾内酯[苯并吡喃]和螺甾内酯[苯并呋喃]衍生物对σ受体具有药理活性。
WO2006/021463A1报道了一种吡唑衍生物,该吡唑衍生物中有一个与环烷基环缩合的吡唑基团,且该吡唑衍生物为σ配体。
WO2008/055932A1和WO2008/055933A1分别公开了1,2,4-三唑化合物和1,2,3-三唑化合物,二者均对σ受体具有活性。
WO2009/071657A1也报道了一种三环三唑化合物对σ受体具有活性。
WO2008/015266A1公开了一种结合σ受体的环丁基化合物。
尽管如此,仍然需要更进一步地寻找对σ受体具有药理活性的化合物,优选有效、有选择性和“可药性”性能好,如与给药、分布、代谢和排泄相关的制药性能好的化合物。
发明内容
本发明公开了一种新的1,2-二取代环丁基化合物,该化合物对σ受体具有很高的亲和力,可用于针对σ受体相关的病症或疾病的治疗和/或预防。
具体地,本发明的一个目的是提供一种通式为(I)的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物:
其中,
R1选自以下基团组成的组:取代或未取代的烷基、取代或未取代的环烷基、取代或未取代的环烷基烷基、取代或未取代的烯基、取代或未取代的芳基、取代或未取代的芳烷基、取代或未取代的杂芳基、取代或未取代的杂芳基烷基、取代或未取代的非芳族杂环基和取代的或未取代的非芳族杂环基烷基;
R2和R3,相同或不同,选自以下基团组成的组:氢、取代或未取代烷基、取代或未取代的环烷基、取代或未取代的环烷基烷基和取代或未取代的烯基;
或,
R2和R3与共同桥接的氮原子一起形成一个取代或未取代非芳族杂环基。
本发明的另一个目的是提供上述通式(I)中的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物的不同制备工艺。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种含至少一种上述通式(I)中的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物和至少一种药学上可接受的赋形剂的药物或药物组合物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种上述通式(I)中的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物作为药物的用途,特别是治疗和/或预防σ受体介导的疾病或病症的药物的用途。
本发明的另一个目的是提供上述通式(I)中的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物在制备用于治疗和/或预防σ受体介导的疾病或病症的药物中的应用。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种治疗和/或预防σ受体介导的疾病或病症的方法,所述方法包括向需要这种治疗或预防的受试者给予治疗有效量的上述通式(I)中的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物。
在一个实施例中,所述σ受体介导的疾病或病症具体指σ-1介导的疾病或病症。本发明的化合物可有效针对的σ受体介导的疾病或病症如下:疼痛、腹泻、脂蛋白异常、高脂血症、高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、肥胖症、偏头痛、关节炎、高血压、心律失常、溃疡、青光眼、学习、记忆和注意力缺陷、认知障碍、神经退行性疾病、脱髓鞘疾病、对包括可卡因、安非他明、乙醇和尼古丁的药物和化学物质的成瘾;迟发性运动障碍、中风包括缺血性中风、癫痫症、紧张、癌症、精神病、特别是抑郁、焦虑或精神分裂症;炎症或自身免疫性疾病。根据一个优选的实施例,本发明的化合物用于预防和/或治疗疼痛,特别是神经性疼痛、炎症性疼痛或其他涉及异常性疼痛和/或痛觉过敏的疼痛症状。
根据一个优选实施方式,本发明化合物能够有效、选择性的抑制σ-1受体。根据一个更优选的实施方式,本发明的化合物是选择性σ-1拮抗剂。
这些方面及其优选的实施方式还在下文的详细说明及权利要求中被再次定义。
具体实施方式
在本发明的内容中,以下术语具有如下详述的含义。
“烷基”指的是直链或支链的且不含不饱和键的烃链自由基,且该烃链自由基以单键与分子其它部分连接。典型的烷基基团含有1至约12个、1至约8个或者1至约6个碳原子,如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、叔丁基、正戊基等。如果被环烷基取代,其相应为“环烷基烷基”自由基,如环丙基甲基。如果被芳基取代,其相应为“芳烷基”自由基,如苄基、二苯甲基或苯乙基。如果烷基被杂环基取代,其相应为“杂环基烷基”自由基。
“烯基”指的是至少含两个碳原子、至少一个不饱和键的直链或支链的烃链自由基,且该烃链自由基以单键与分子其它部分连接。典型的烯基基团含有2至约12个、2至约8个或者2至约6个碳原子。在具体实施方式中,烯基基团为乙烯基、1-甲基-乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基或丁烯基。
“炔基”指的是含至少两个碳原子、至少一个碳碳三键的直链或支链的烃链自由基,且该烃链自由基以单键与分子其它部分连接。典型的炔基基团含有2至约12个、2至约8个或者2至约6个碳原子。在具体实施方式中,炔基基团为乙炔基、丙炔基(例如1-丙炔基、2-丙炔基)或丁炔基(例如1-丁炔基、2-丁炔基、3-丁炔基)。
“环烷基”指的是脂环烃。典型的环烷基含1至4个单环和/或稠环、含3至约18个碳原子,优选3至10个碳原子,如环丙基、环己基或金刚烷基。在具体实施方式中,环烷基含3至约6个碳原子。
“芳基”指的是单环或多环自由基,包括含单芳基基团和/或稠芳基基团的多环自由基。典型的芳基基团包含1至3个单环或稠环及6至约18个碳环原子,优选6至约14个碳环原子,如苯基、萘基、联苯基、茚基、菲基或蒽基自由基。
“杂环基”包括含1至3个单环和/或稠环及3至约18个环原子的杂芳香族基团和杂脂环基团。优选的杂芳香族基团和杂脂环基团含5至约10个环原子。本发明的化合物中的合适的杂芳基含1、2或3种杂原子,所述杂原子选自N、O或S原子,所述杂芳基包括,如,香豆素,包括8-香豆素、喹啉基,包括8-喹啉基、异喹啉基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、吡唑基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、吡咯基、噻吩基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、三唑基、四唑基、异恶唑基、恶唑基、咪唑基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、吲唑基、吲嗪基、酞嗪基、蝶啶基、嘌呤基、恶二唑基、噻二唑基、呋吖基、哒嗪基、三嗪基,噌啉基、苯并咪唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并呋吖基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噻唑基、苯并恶唑基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、萘啶基和呋喃并吡啶基。
“非芳族杂环基”是指含1至3个单环和/或稠环及3至约18个环原子杂脂环基团。优选的,杂脂环基团含5至约10个环原子。本发明化合物中合适的杂脂环基团包含一个、两个或三个杂原子,所述杂原子选自N、O或S原子,所述杂脂环基团包括,如,吡咯烷基、四氢呋喃基、二氢呋喃、四氢噻吩基、四氢噻喃基、哌啶基、吗啉基、硫代吗啉基、氧硫杂环己烷基、哌嗪基、氮杂环丁烷基、氧杂环丁烷基、硫杂环丁烷基、高哌啶基、氧杂环丙烷基、硫杂环丙烷基、吖庚因基、氧氮杂环庚基基、二吖庚因基、三吖庚因基、1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶基、2-吡咯啉基、3-吡咯啉基、二氢吲哚基、2H-吡喃基、4H-吡喃基、二氧杂环己烷基、1,3-二氧戊环基、吡唑啉基、二噻烷基、二硫戊环基、二氢吡喃基、二氢噻吩基、吡唑烷基、咪唑啉基、咪唑烷基、3-氮杂双环[3.1.0]己基、3-氮杂双环[4.1.0]庚基、3H-吲哚基和喹嗪基。
上述基团可以在一个或多个可用的位置被一个或多个合适的基团所取代,所述基团如:OR'、=O、SR'、SOR'、SO2R'、OSO2R'、OSO3R'、NO2、NHR'、N(R')2、=N-R'、N(R')COR'、N(COR')2、N(R')SO2R'、N(R')C(=NR')N(R')R'、N3、CN、卤素、COR'、COOR'、OCOR'、OCOOR'、OCONHR'、OCON(R')2、CONHR'、CON(R')2、CON(R')OR'、CON(R')SO2R'、PO(OR')2、PO(OR')R'、PO(OR')(N(R')R')、C1-C12烷基、C3-C10环烷基、C2-C12烯基、C2-C12炔基、芳基和杂环基,其中每个R'基团各自独立地选自:氢、OH、NH2、SH、CN、卤素、COH、CO烷基、COOH、C1-C12烷基、C3-C10环烷基、C2-C12烯基、C2-C12炔基、芳基和杂环基。其中,这些基团本身被取代,取代基可选自前述列表。
“卤素”、“卤代”或“卤基”是指溴代、氯代、碘代或氟代。
术语“盐”须理解为根据本发明所使用的化合物的任意形式,其中所述的化合物为离子形式或者为带电荷的且与带相反电荷的离子(阳离子或阴离子)耦合或在溶液中。该定义还包括季铵盐和该分子与其它分子和离子的复合物,特别是通过离子相互作用形成的复合物。该定义特别地包括生理学上可接受的盐;该术语须理解为等同于“药理学上可接受的盐”或者“药学上可接受的盐”。
本发明内容中的术语“药学上可接受的盐”是指当以恰当的方式用于治疗、应用或者用于特别是人体和/或哺乳动物时生理学相容的任意盐(通常是指无毒的,特别地,是因为含有反离子)。在本发明中,特别是用于人类和/或哺乳动物时,这些生理上可接受的盐可以由阳离子或碱形成,并理解为通过本发明的至少一种化合物形成的盐-通常是酸(去质子化的)-如阴离子和至少一个生理上相容的阳离子,优选是无机的离子。碱金属和碱土金属的盐及由铵阳离子(NH4 +)形成的盐是特别优选的。优选的盐为由(单)或(二)钠、(单)或(二)钾、镁或钙形成的盐。在本发明中,特别是用于人类和/或哺乳动物时,这些生理学可接受的盐还可以由阴离子或酸形成,并且应理解为由本发明的至少一种化合物形成的盐-通常为质子化的,如在氮气中-如阳离子和至少一种生理学相容的阴离子。在本发明中,特别是用于人类和/或哺乳动物时,该定义特别地包括由生理学相容的酸形成的盐,如特定的活性化合物与生理学相容的有机酸或无机酸形成的盐。这种类型的盐可由以下物质形成:盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、甲磺酸、甲酸、乙酸、草酸、琥珀酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、扁桃酸、富马酸、乳酸或柠檬酸。
本发明中术语“溶剂化物”应理解为是指本发明的化合物的任意形式,其中所述化合物通过非共价键与另一个分子相连(通常为极性溶剂),特别是包括水化物和醇化物,例如甲醇化物。优选的溶剂化物为水化物。
任何式(I)中的化合物的前体药物的化合物均在本发明范围内。术语“前体药物”使用其广义含义,并涵盖在体内可转化成本发明化合物的衍生物。前体药物的例子包括但不限于式(I)中的化合物的衍生物和代谢物,包括可生物水解的部分,如可生物水解的酰胺、可生物水解的酯、可生物水解的氨基甲酸酯、可生物水解的碳酸酯、可生物水解的酰脲和可生物水解的磷酸酯类似物。优选地,具有羧基官能团的前体药物为羧酸的低级烷基酯。所述的羧酸酯易由存在于分子中的任何羧酸部分进行酯化得到。前体药物通常可由已知方法来制备,如在Burger“MedicinalChemistryandDrugDiscovery第六版(DonaldJ.Abrahamed.,2001,Wiley)和“DesignandApplicationsofProdrugs”(H.Bundgaarded.,1985,HarwoodAcademicPublishers)中描述的方法。
在这里所涉及的任何化合物均旨在代表这样的特定化合物及其某些变形或某些形式。特别地,在这里所涉及的化合物可能具有不对称中心,并因此存在不同的对映体或非对映体形式。由此,本文涉及的任何给定的化合物代表任意一种外消旋物、一种或多种对映体形式、一种或多种非对映体形式、及其混合物。同样地,也可能存在双键的立体异构体或几何异构体,由此在一些情况中,分子可能存在为(E)-异构体或(Z)-异构体(反式和顺式异构体)。如果分子包含多个双键,那么每个双键将具有其自身的立体异构现象,其可以与所述分子的其它双键的立体异构现象相同或不同。此外,本文中涉及的化合物可存在阿托异构体。本文涉及的化合物的所有立体异构体,包括对映体、非对映异构体、几何异构体和阿托异构体、及其混合物,都在本发明的范围内。
此外,本文所涉及的任何化合物可以互变异构体形式存在。特别地,术语互变异构体是指化合物的两个或多个结构异构体中的一个,这些异构体间存在平衡,可以相互转换。常见的互变异构体对为烯胺-亚胺、酰胺-亚胺酸、酮-烯醇、内酰胺-内酰亚胺等。
除非另有说明,本发明的化合物还包括同位素标记的形式,即区别仅在于存在一种或多种富含同位素的原子的化合物。例如,具有仅用氘或氚来替代至少一个氢原子、或者使用富含13C或14C的碳来替代至少一个碳、或者使用富含15N的氮来替代至少一个氮的现有结构的化合物均包含在本发明范围内。
式(I)中的化合物、其盐或其溶剂化物优选为药学上可接受的形式或基本上纯的形式。其中,药学上可接受的形式是指,特别是指,具有药学上可接受的纯度水平,不包括常用药物添加剂如稀释剂或载体,且不包括在正常剂量水平下被认为有毒的材料。原料药的纯度水平优选大于50%,更优选的大于70%,最优选的大于90%。在优选的实施方式中,式(I)中的化合物或其盐、溶剂化物或前体药物的纯度大于95%。
如本发明中所使用的,术语“治疗”包括在疾病发作之后,根除、移除、逆转、缓解、改变或控制疾病。
如本发明中所使用的,术语“预防”指在疾病发作之前,通过治疗以避免、最小化或令疾病或状况难于发作或发展的能力。
因此,“治疗”和/或“预防”作为整体是指至少达到与个体疾病状况相关的症状的抑制或改善,其中抑制或改善为广义,指至少包括参数大小的下降,如与接受治疗的病况相关的症状,如此,本发明的方法还包括病况被完全抑制的情况,如发生的预防或停止,如终止,从而使个体不再体验病况。
本发明的发明人发现上述通式(I)中的1,2-二取代环丁酯化合物出乎意料地表现出对σ-1受体的亲和力,所述亲和力的水平包括好至优良。因此,这些化合物特别适合作为药理活性试剂应用于预防和/或治疗与σ-1受体有关的病症或疾病的药物中。
通式(I)中所描述的下述所有非对映体都包含在本发明的范围之内。
在一个优选的实施方式中,本发明化合物为如通式(Ia)所示的化合物。
在另一个优选的实施方式中,本发明化合物为如通式(Ib)所示的化合物。
在另一个优选的实施方式中,本发明化合物为如通式(Ic)所示的化合物。
在另一个优选的实施方式中,本发明化合物为如通式(Id)所示的化合物。
在一个具体的实施方式中,通式(I)化合物中,R1选自以下基团组成的组:取代或未取代的芳基和取代或未取代的杂芳基。
在一个更具体的实施方式中,R1选自以下基团组成的组:取代或未取代的C6-C14芳基和取代或未取代的五元至十元杂芳基。
在本发明一个优选的变形中,R1为取代或未取代的C6-C14芳基,更优选为取代或未取代的苯基。R1代表芳基时,优选的取代基为卤素,如氯。
在本发明一个优选的变形中,R1为取代或未取代的五元至十元杂芳基(例如:杂芳基基团),更优选为取代或未取代的吡啶。R1代表杂环基时,优选的取代基为卤素(优选为氯),甲基,三氟甲基,任选取代的芳基(优选苯基,其可以任选地被卤素例如氯取代)。
在一个具体的实施方式中,通式(I)化合物中,R1选自以下基团组成的组:
在一个具体的实施方式中,R2和R3独立地选自以下基团组成的组:氢、取代或未取代的烷基,和取代或未取代的环烷基,或者,R2和R3与共同桥接的氮原子一起形成取代或未取代的非芳族杂环基。
在一个更具体的实施方式中,R2和R3独立地选自以下基团组成的组:氢和取代或未取代的C1-C6烷基,或者R2和R3与共同桥接的氮原子一起形成取代或未取代的五元至十元非芳族杂环基,优选为取代或未取代的五元、六元或七元非芳族杂环基。
优选的,R2和R3独立地选自以下基团组成的组:氢和取代或未取代的甲基或乙基,或者R2和R3与共同桥接的氮原子一起形成取代或未取代的吡咯烷基、吗啉基或哌啶基,由R2和R3与共同桥接的氮原子一起形成的特定的杂环基自由基是吡咯烷基,吗啉基和4-甲基哌啶基。因此,在一个具体的实施方式中,通式(I)化合物中R2和R3与共同桥接的氮原子一起形成非芳族杂环基,并选自以下基团组成的组:
在其它优选的实施方式中,上述不同取代基的优选被组合。本发明还涉及上述式(I)中所优选的取代基的组合。
本发明式(I)中包含的特定的个别化合物包括下列化合物:
[1]1-(((1S,2R)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)吡咯烷
[2]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[3]4-甲基-1-(((1S,2R)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)哌啶
[4]1-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吡咯烷
[5]4-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[6]1-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)-4-甲基哌啶
[7]4-甲基-1-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)哌啶
[8]4-甲基-1-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)哌啶
[9]1-甲基-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑
[10]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[11]1-甲基-5-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-3-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑
[12]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[13]1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑
[14]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[15]1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑
[16]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[17]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉盐酸盐
[18]1-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吡咯烷盐酸盐
[19]4-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉盐酸盐
[20]1-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)-4-甲基哌啶盐酸盐
[21]1-甲基-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑盐酸盐
[22]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉盐酸盐
[23]1-甲基-5-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-3-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑盐酸盐
[24]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉盐酸盐
[25]1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑盐酸盐
[26]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉盐酸盐
[27]1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑盐酸盐
[28]1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-3-(((1R,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑
[29]1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-3-(((1R,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑
[30]4-(((1R,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[31]1-甲基-3-(((1R,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑
[32]1-甲基-3-(((1R,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑盐酸盐
[33]1-甲基-3-(((1S,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑
[34]1-甲基-3-(((1S,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑盐酸盐
[35]1-甲基-3-(((1S,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑
[36]4-(((1S,2S)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[37]N,N-二乙基-N-(((1S,2S)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)乙胺
[38]1-甲基-3-(((1S,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑盐酸盐
[39]N,N-二乙基-N-(((1S,2S)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)乙胺盐酸盐
或其溶剂化物、前药或游离碱化合物的任意药学上可接受的盐。
通式(Ⅰ)中的化合物及上述相应的对应异构体(Ia,Ib,Ic,Id)可通过现有的合成方法获得。例如,它们可以按照下列一般方法进行制备。
(R,S)-立体异构体的合成:通式(Ia)所示的化合物(方案1)
方案1
通式(Ia)所示的化合物可通过甲磺酸酯II与芳香醇R1OH反应来制备,碳酸钾作为碱基,DMF(二甲基甲酰胺)作为溶剂。甲磺酸酯可以通过醇III与甲磺酰氯和三乙胺反应来制备。化合物IVa与BH3在回流THF(四氢呋喃)中还原得到醇III。化合物IVa通过半酯V制备得到,其合成参见S.Izquierdo,F.Rúa,A.Sbai.T.Parella,V.Branchadell,R.M.J.Org.Chem.2005,70,7963-7971。化合物V通过标准肽偶联程序得到化合物IVa,例如,在PyBOP(六氟磷酸苯并三唑-1-基-氧基三吡咯烷基磷)和DIPEA(N,N-二异丙基乙胺)的存在下V与仲胺R2R3NH反应得到,或者,可替代地,通过V与草酰氯反应,并与胺原位反应制备酰氯。
或者,通式(Ia)所示的化合物可在DIAD(偶氮二异丁腈)和PPH3的存在下通过醇III和芳香醇R1OH之间的Mitsunobu反应合成。
通式(Ia)所示的化合物可通过第三种替代路线来合成,包括在THF中,0℃下酰胺VIa被LiAlH4还原。酰胺IVa通过来醇VIIa与芳香醇R1OH在DIAD/Pypph2(PyPPh2:2-(二苯基膦)吡啶)或DEAD/PPH3(DEAD:偶氮二甲酸二乙酯)的存在下通过Mitsunobu反应制得。在Et2O或THF中、0℃下采用LiBH4,或在THF-MeOH中采用NaBH4选择性还原甲酯IVa制备得到醇VIIa。
(R,R)-立体异构体的合成:通式(Ib)所示的化合物(方案2)
方案2
通式(Ib)所示的化合物由LiAlH4还原酰胺VIb得到。在0℃下、THF中采用KHMDS(六甲基二钾)或在100℃下、tBuOH中采用tBuOK使化合物VIa差向异构化得到酰胺VIb。
或者,通式(Ib)的化合物可通过在0℃下、THF中酰胺VIb被LiAlH4还原来制备。化合物VIb通过醇VIIb与芳香醇R1OH在DEAD和PyPPh2的存在下进行Mistunobu反应来制备。在Et2O中、0℃下采用LiBH4选择性还原甲酯IVb制备得到醇VIIb。采用MeONa在iProH中使IVc差向异构化,然后在MeOH中采用H2SO4处理制得化合物IVb。
化合物IVc的合成如下(方案3):酰胺基酯VIII在TFA(三氟乙酸)中进行叔丁酯消除反应,接着所得的酸在MeOH和H2SO进行Fisher酯化合成得到。化合物VIII通过酸IX与R1R2NH仲胺(在PyBOP,DIPEA的存在下)的肽偶联得到,其合成参见S.Izquierdo,F.Rúa,A.Sbai.T.Parella,V.Branchadell,R.M.J.Org.Chem.2005,70,7963-7971。
方案3
(S,R)-立体异构体的合成:通式(Ic)所示的化合物(方案4)
方案4
该路线与方案1中制备通式(Ia)所示的化合物的合成途径相近。通式(Ic)所示的化合物通过酰胺VIc与LiAlH4在THF中、0℃下发生还原反应制得。酰胺IVc通过来醇VIIc与芳香醇R1OH在DIAD/Pypph2或DEAD/PPH3的存在下通过Mitsunobu反应制得。在Et2O或THF中、0℃下采用LiBH4,或在THF-MeOH中采用NaBH4选择性还原甲酯IVc制备得到醇VIIc。
(S,S)-立体异构体的合成:通式(Id)所示的化合物(方案5)
方案5
该合成与方案2中所述(R,R)-化合物Ib的制备相近。通式(Id)所示的化合物通过在0℃下、THF中酰胺VId被LiAlH4还原来制备。化合物VId通过醇VIId与芳香醇R1OH在DEAD和PyPPh2的存在下进行Mistunobu反应来制备。在Et2O中、0℃下采用LiBH4选择性还原甲酯IVd制备得到醇VIId。采用MeONa在iProH中使IVa差向异构化,然后在MeOH中采用H2SO4处理制得化合物IVd。
此外,上述定义的过程可包括任何化合物(起始,中间或终产物)在其盐中的转化。在具体的实施方式中其处理还包括通式(I)所示的化合物或与其相应的对应异构体(Ia,Ib,Ic,Id)在其盐(如HCl盐)中的转化。例如,盐酸盐,Ia·HCl,Ib·HCl,Ic·HCl和Id·HCl可通过相应的胺与2NHCl在Et2O中处理后得到。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种至少包含一种上述通式(I)中的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物和至少一种药学上可接受的赋形剂的药物或药物组合物。
术语“赋形剂”指的是除了活性成分(来自欧洲药品管理局-EuropeanMedicinesAgency,EMA的定义)以外的药物化合物的组分。它们优选包括“载体,佐剂和/或媒介物”。载体是其中可纳入物质来改善药物的输送和效力的形式。药物载体用于药物输送体系,如控释技术,以延长药物在体内的行为,降低药物代谢,并减少药物毒性。载体也可用于提高输送药物至作用靶点的效力的设计中(美国国家医学图书馆U.S.NationalLibraryofMedicine,国立卫生研究院NationalInstitutesofHealth)。佐剂是添加到药物产品制剂中并以可预测的方式影响活性成分的作用的物质。媒介物为赋形剂或物质,优选不具有治疗作用的赋形剂或物质,被用作媒介来为药物的给药提供主体(Stedman'sMedicalSpellchecker,2006LippincottWilliams&Wilkins)。这样的药物载体、佐剂或媒介物可以是无菌液体,如水和油,后者包括源自石油、动物、植物或合成的油,如花生油、大豆油、矿物油、芝麻油等,赋形剂,分散剂,润湿剂或稀释剂。合适的药物载体如E.W.Martin在“Remington'sPharmaceuticalSciences”中所述。这些赋形剂及其用量的选择将取决于药物组合物的应用的形式。
根据本发明的药物组合物可适于通过任何给药途径给药,可以是口服的或肠道外给药,如经肺、鼻、直肠和/或静脉注射给药。因此,根据本发明的制剂可适用于局部或全身给药,特别是用于皮肤、皮下、肌肉、关节内、腹膜内、肺部、口腔、舌下、鼻、经皮穿刺、阴道、口服的或肠道外给药。直肠给药优选形式为栓剂。
用于口服给药的合适的剂型为片剂、丸剂、咀嚼胶姆剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、滴剂或糖浆剂。用于肠道外给药的合适的剂型为溶液、悬浮液、可复水的干剂或喷雾剂。
本发明的药物组合物可配制成溶解形式的沉积物或贴剂用于经皮给药。皮肤应用包括软膏剂、凝胶剂、霜剂、洗剂、悬浮液或乳液。
本发明的另一个方面是提供一种治疗和/或预防σ受体介导的疾病或病症的方法,所述方法包括向需要这种治疗或预防的受试者给予治疗有效量的上述通式(I)中的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物。
通常,本发明中使用的化合物的有效给药量取决于所选择的化学物的相对功效、所治疗病症的严重程度、或者年龄、体重或给药方式。但是,活性化合物通常一天一次或多次给药,如每天1、2、3或4次,且通常总的日用量在0.1至500mg/kg/天范围内。
在已经使用通用术语描述本发明的情况下,通过参考下文的实施例将更容易理解本发明,本实施例用作说明,并不意在限制本发明。
实施例
(R,S)-对映异构体的合成:通式(Ia)所示的化合物
参照方案n°1所示的合成途径:
半酯V参照下述已公开的方法制备得到:S.lzquierdo,F.Rúa,A.Sbai.T.Parella,V.Branchadell,R.M.J.Org.Chem.2005,70,7963-7971。
由酰氯耦合得到酰胺:化合物IVa。
在N2气氛下,半酯在室温下溶于二氯甲烷(0.1M),接着加入草酰氯(1.1eq.,使其在CH2Cl2中浓度为2M)及几滴DMF。将所得混合物搅拌2小时,然后加入吡咯烷(3.0eq.)。反应过夜。
在指定时间之后,加入2M(3.0eq.)盐酸,并将该溶液搅拌20分钟。然后,加入过量的二氯甲烷和水,分离两相。将有机相用饱和NaHCO3水溶液和盐水洗涤,干燥并减压蒸发,得到终产品为油状物。(产率:81-88%)。
根据该方法,合成如下所示化合物IVa:
(1R,2S)-甲基-2-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)环丁烷羧酸酯(产率:88%)
(1R,2S)-甲基2-(吗啉-4-羰基)环丁烷羧酸酯(产率:86%)
(1R,2S)-甲基2-(4-甲基哌啶-1-羰基)环丁烷羧酸酯(产率:81%)
(1R,2S)-2-(二乙基氨基甲)环丁烷羧酸酯(产率:82%)
通过硼烷还原化合物IVa:酰胺基醇III的合成。
酰胺基酯IVa溶于THF(0.5M)中,经注射器缓慢加入硼烷的THF溶液(6eq.)。然后加热体系至回流。TLC完成(2-4小时)后,该体系在室温下冷却,非常缓慢的加入MeOH。粗产物蒸发,并用CH2Cl2,乙酸乙酯和水洗涤。将有机层用MgSO4干燥并除去溶剂,得到相应的酰胺基醇III,产物为无色油状物。(产率:66-70%)
根据该方法,合成如下所示化合物III:
((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲醇(产率:70%)
((1R,2S)-2-(吗啉代)环丁基)甲醇(产率:69%)
((1R,2S)-2-((4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)环丁基)甲醇(产率:66%)
醇III的甲磺酰化:甲磺酸II的合成。
相应的醇溶解于二氯甲烷(0.1M)中,并用冰浴将该溶液冷却至0℃。然后,依次加入三乙胺(2.0eq.),DMAP(0.2eq.)和滴状MSCl(2.0eq.)。上述混合物在该温度下搅拌2小时,直至TLC监测反应完全。
此时,加入水并分离各相,用过量的二氯甲烷萃取水相。整个有机层干燥并减压蒸发,得到相应的甲磺酸酯,无需进一步纯化可用于下一步反应。
根据该方法,合成如下所示化合物II:
((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲基甲磺酸酯
((1R,2S)-2-(吗啉代)环丁基)甲基甲磺酸酯
((1R,2S)-2-((4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)环丁基)甲基甲磺酸酯
甲磺酸酯Ⅱ与酚的SN2反应:合成通式(Ia)所示的化合物(实施例1-3)。
将甲磺酸酯II在N2气氛下溶于DMF(0.1M),加入芳香醇(2.0eq.)和碳酸钾(3.0eq.)。将混合物加热至80℃并搅拌过夜。第二天,加入水并用乙醚萃取水相。整个有机层干燥并减压蒸发,得到油状粗产物。在硅胶上通过快速柱色谱法纯化,得到无色油状物化合物(Ia)(实施例1-3)。(产率:44-53%)
根据该方法,合成通式(Ⅰa)所示的如下化合物:
实施例1
1-(((1S,2R)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)吡咯烷(产率:53%)
1 HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ7.30(m,2H),6.94(m,3H),4.04(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.86(d,J=10.0Hz,2H),2.77(m,2H),2.55(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.14(m,2H),2.03(m,2H),1.91(m,2H),1.76(m,4H).
实施例2
4-(((1S,2R)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉(产率:44%)
1 HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ7.28(dd,J=8.6,7.5Hz,2H),6.99-6.82(m,3H),4.16(dd,J=9.3,6.8Hz,1H),4.01(dd,J=9.4,6.4Hz,1H),3.67(t,J=4.7Hz,4H),2.81(dd,J=5.1,2.9Hz,2H),2.64(dd,J=12.3,6.4Hz,1H),2.52-2.29(m,4H),2.24-2.02(m,2H),1.82(dd,J=8.6,3.8Hz,2H).
实施例3
4-甲基-1-(((1S,2R)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)哌啶(产率:51%)
1 HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ7.30(m,2H),6.94(m,3H),4.19(dd,J=9.0,6.0Hz,1H),4.03(dd,J=9.0,6.0Hz,1H),2.82(m,4H),),2.63(dd,J=12.0,6.0Hz,1H),2.14(m,2H),1.91(m,4H),1.61(m,2H),1.26(m,3H),0.92(d,J=6.0Hz,3H).
Mitsunobu反应:合成通式(Ia)所示的化合物(实施例4-8)
在N2气氛下,将起始伯醇,相应的ArOH(1.2eq.)和三苯基膦(1.5eq.)溶于甲苯(0.12mM)中,用冰浴将反应冷却至0℃。搅拌5分钟后,在10分钟内逐滴加入40%DEAD(偶氮二甲酸二乙酯)的甲苯溶液(1.5eq.),并将混合物加热至50℃,搅拌2小时。反应也可采用DIAD(偶氮二异丁腈)作为偶氮衍生物,二氯甲烷或THF作为溶剂。
反应终止后,将粗制混合物置于冰箱中过夜,将所得的白色沉淀滤出。将滤液减压蒸发,剩余的橙色油状物通过硅胶快速柱色谱法纯化(己烷/EtOAc6:1至3:1),得到所需产物,为无色油状物(产率:56-77%)。
根据该方法,合成通式(Ia)所示的如下化合物:
实施例4
1-(((1S,2R)-2-((3-氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吡咯烷(产率:73%)
1 HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ7.32(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.00(s,1H),6.76(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),3.99(t,J=6.2Hz,2H),2.90(d,J=9.3Hz,2H),2.79(s,2H),2.57(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),2.23-2.03(m,4H),1.88(dt,J=12.7,6.4Hz,2H),1.75(s,4H).
实施例5
4-(((1S,2R)-2-((3-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉(产率:77%)
1HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ7.34(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),7.02(d,J=2.8Hz,1H),6.78(dd,J=8.9,2.9Hz,1H),4.31-4.02(m,4H),3.74-3.60(m,2H),3.37(dd,J=11.5,6.5Hz,1H),3.09(dd,J=12.8,4.3Hz,1H),2.97-2.59(m,6H),2.22(ddd,J=20.1,10.6,4.5Hz,2H),2.08(dd,J=16.2,6.3Hz,1H),1.72(t,J=10.1Hz,1H).
实施例6
1-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)-4-甲基哌啶(产率:69%)
1 HNMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ7.33(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),7.02(d,J=2.8Hz,1H),6.77(dd,J=8.9,2.9Hz,1H),4.08(ddd,J=41.3,9.2,6.5Hz,2H),2.82(dd,J=12.2,9.7Hz,4H),2.58(dd,J=12.4,6.2Hz,1H),2.31(dd,J=12.5,7.2Hz,1H),2.14(dt,J=9.5,5.1Hz,2H),1.99-1.72(m,4H),1.60(d,J=12.6Hz,2H),1.29(m,4H),0.91(d,J=6.0Hz,3H).
实施例7
4-甲基-1-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)哌啶(产率:71%)
1 HNMR(360MHz,Acetone-d6)δ6.22(d,J=10.8Hz,1H),4.52-4.37(m,1H),4.30(dt,J=10.5,6.5Hz,1H),3.86(d,J=4.2Hz,3H),3.38-3.10(m,4H),3.10-2.66(m,5H),2.33-2.10(m,3H),1.71(dd,J=11.5,4.5Hz,2H),1.67-1.42(m,4H),0.97(d,J=5.6Hz,3H).
实施例8
4-甲基-1-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)哌啶(产率:56%)
1HNMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ5.86(s,1H),4.44-4.20(m,2H),3.73(s,3H),3.09-2.91(m,4H),2.79(dd,J=12.9,4.7Hz,2H),2.52-2.30(m,1H),2.30-2.16(m,2H),2.16-1.93(m,2H),1.77(t,J=9.8Hz,2H),1.65-1.50(m,3H),1.28(s,3H).
通过LiBH4选择性酯还原IVa:羟基酰胺VIIa
在N2气氛下,将起始酰胺基酯溶解于乙醚(0.1M)中,并用冰浴将溶液冷却至0℃。然后,逐滴加入含2MLiBH4的THF溶液(1.5eq.),并将该混合物搅拌1小时,至室温。
此时,小心加入NH4Cl的饱和水溶液以猝灭反应,并搅拌两相体系30分钟。然后,进行相分离,并进一步采用EtOAc萃取水相层三次。此后,全部有机相干燥并减压蒸发,剩余的油状粗产物进一步用硅胶快速柱色谱法(己烷/EtOAc1:1)纯化,得到羟基酰胺VIIa,为无色油状物(产率:82-87%)。
根据该方法,合成武侠化合物VIIa:
((1S,2R)-2-(羟甲基)环丁基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮(产率:87%)
((1S,2R)-2-(羟甲基)环丁基)(吗啉代)甲酮(产率:82%)
Mitsunobu反应:化合物VIa。
该方法如实施例4-8所述(yield:52-81%)。
根据该方法,合成如下酰胺基醚:
((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮(产率:81%)
((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)(吗啉代)甲酮(产率:77%)
((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮(产率:52%)
((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)(吗啉代)甲酮(产率:56%)
((1S,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮(产率:73%)
((1S,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)(吗啉代)甲酮(产率:77%)
((1S,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮(产率:69%)
((1S,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)(吗啉代)甲酮(产率:72%)
还原通过与将LiAlH4:通式(1a)化合物(实施例9-16)
在N2气氛下,将起始原料溶解于THF(0.1M),并用冰浴将混合物冷却至0℃。然后,将LiAlH4(2.0eq.,在THF中浓度为2.0M)逐滴加入到该溶液中并搅拌30分钟到1小时。
在0℃下,非常缓慢地加入水(1mL/g的LiAlH4)并搅拌15分钟。然后,引入10%NaOH溶液(2mL/g的LiAlH4),并进一步搅拌15分钟。最后,加入过量的水(3mL/g的LiAlH4)。将产物通过垫压过滤,并用EtOAc漂洗得到铝盐。然后,向滤液中加入过量的水,并且将水相用EtOAc萃取三次。全部有机相干燥并减压蒸发,得到预期的酰胺基醚Ia(实施例9-16),产物为无色油状物(产率:85-97%)。
根据该方法,合成通式(Ⅰa)所示的如下化合物:
实施例9
1-甲基-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基-1H-吡唑(产率:97%)
1HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ5.97(s,1H),4.28(dd,J=9.9,7.2Hz,1H),4.15(dd,J=10.0,6.7Hz,1H),3.80(s,3H),2.79(m,2H),2.71(dd,J=12.7,3.7Hz,1H),2.50(sbr,5H),2.10(m,2H),1.95-1.81(m,1H),1.75(sbr,5H).
实施例10
4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉(产率:94%)
1HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ5.97(s,1H),4.22(ddd,J=53.1,9.9,6.8Hz,2H),3.81(s,3H),3.73-3.58(m,4H),2.87-2.66(m,2H),2.59(dd,J=12.3,6.2Hz,1H),2.48-2.27(m,5H),2.19-1.98(m,2H),1.92-1.65(m,2H).
实施例11
1-甲基-5-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑(产率:86%)
1HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ5.74(s,1H),4.24(dd,J=9.5,6.9Hz,1H),4.09(dd,J=9.4,7.0Hz,1H),3.64(s,3H),2.87-2.60(m,3H),2.40(sbr,5H),2.17-2.06(m,3H),1.77-1.72(m,1H),1.69(sbr,4H).
实施例12
4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉(产率:85%)
1HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ5.82(s,1H),4.38-4.09(m,4H),3.76-3.60(m,5H),3.38(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),3.06(dd,J=12.7,4.3Hz,1H),2.90(d,J=11.8Hz,3H),2.79(dd,J=12.6,8.0Hz,1H),2.67(td,J=13.6,3.1Hz,2H),2.31-2.16(m,2H),2.03(s,1H),1.74(s,2H).
实施例13
1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1-1H-吡唑(产率:95%)
1HNMR(360MHz,MeOD-d4)δ7.73(dd,J=25.4,2.2Hz,2H),7.52-7.37(m,2H),5.92(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),4.37(ddd,J=48.0,10.1,7.2Hz,2H),2.99-2.70(m,3H),2.65-2.46(m,5H),2.14(dt,J=6.5,4.7Hz,2H),1.93(t,J=6.2Hz,1H),1.78(s,5H).
实施例14
4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉(产率:92%)
1HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ8.09(d,J=2.7Hz,1H),7.89(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.59(dt,J=20.4,5.6Hz,2H),5.98(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),4.47(dd,J=10.3,7.2Hz,1H),4.31(dd,J=10.3,6.2Hz,1H),3.72-3.59(m,4H),2.93-2.68(m,3H),2.50(d,J=2.0Hz,4H),2.25-2.04(m,2H),1.98-1.76(m,2H).
实施例15
1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑(产率:91%)
1HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ7.58(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.47(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.28(dd,J=8.5,2.6Hz,1H),5.65(s,1H),4.34(dd,J=10.1,7.3Hz,1H),4.20(dd,J=10.1,7.1Hz,1H),2.88-2.64(m,3H),2.54(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),2.47(sbr,4H),2.30(s,3H),2.10(td,J=7.7,2.4Hz,2H),1.95-1.81(m,1H),1.73(sbr,5H).
实施例16
4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉(产率:93%)
1HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ7.58(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.48(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.28(dd,J=9.6,3.1Hz,1H),5.66(s,1H),4.36(dd,J=9.9,7.3Hz,1H),4.20(dd,J=9.9,6.8Hz,1H),3.67(sbr,4H),2.84-2.72(m,2H),2.68-2.55(m,1H),2.40(sbr,5H),2.31(s,3H),2.14(m,2H),1.79(m,2H).
盐酸盐Ia·HCl的常规合成方法(实施例17-27)
在N2气氛下将游离胺衍生物Ia溶解于乙醚(0.2mM)中,并加入2NHCl的二乙醚(1.5eq.),将混合物搅拌2小时。然后,将白色固体过滤并用过量的乙醚和戊烷洗涤,白色固体在真空下干燥,得到的白色固体为相应的盐酸盐Ia·HCl(实施例17-27)(产率:60-98%)。
根据该方法,合成如下盐Ia·HCl:
实施例17
4-(((1S,2R)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉盐酸盐(产率:89%)
1HNMR(360MHz,MeOD-d4)δ7.30(dd,J=8.7,7.4Hz,2H),7.03-6.90(m,3H),4.35-4.18(m,1H),4.14-3.94(m,3H),3.78(d,J=11.9Hz,2H),3.42(dd,J=20.6,15.2Hz,4H),3.22-2.90(m,4H),2.28(dd,J=8.3,5.0Hz,2H),2.21-2.07(m,1H),1.91-1.71(m,1H).
实施例18
1-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吡咯烷盐酸盐(产率:87%)
1HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ7.33(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.97(s,1H),6.74(d,J=6.4Hz,1H),4.00(s,2H),3.78(s,2H),2.85(s,2H),2.42(s,2H),2.29(s,4H),2.18(s,6H),1.90(s,2H).
实施例19
4-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉盐酸盐(产率:91%)
1HNMR(360MHz,MeOD-d4)δ7.39(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.13(d,J=10.4Hz,1H),6.90(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),4.37-3.99(m,3H),3.71(s,3H),3.37(s,1H),3.08(d,J=12.9Hz,1H),2.93-2.60(m,6H),2.18(s,2H),1.88(d,J=55.2Hz,1H),1.73(s,1H).
实施例20
1-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)-4-甲基哌啶盐酸盐(产率:79%)
1HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ7.37(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.03(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),6.79(dd,J=8.8,2.4Hz,1H),4.21-3.99(m,2H),3.48(dd,J=17.8,10.9Hz,3H),3.25(d,J=12.6Hz,1H),2.98(s,2H),2.59(dd,J=26.2,11.3Hz,2H),2.42-1.90(m,7H),1.79(d,J=12.2Hz,3H),1.59(s,1H),1.05(d,J=6.4Hz,3H).
实施例21
1-甲基-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑盐酸盐(产率:98%)
1HNMR(360MHz,MeOD-d4)δ6.24(s,1H),4.37(dd,J=10.3,9.0Hz,1H),4.24(dd,J=10.4,4.8Hz,1H),3.83(s,3H),3.62(m,2H),3.43(dd,J=12.8,5.3Hz,1H),3.35(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),3.06(dd,J=17.1,9.0Hz,2H),2.94(dd,2H),2.23(t,J=8.2Hz,2H),2.17-1.95(m,5H),1.73(t,J=11.7Hz,1H).
实施例22
4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉盐酸盐(产率:96%)
1HNMR(360MHz,MeOD-d4)δ6.25(s,1H),4.32(ddd,J=15.6,10.6,7.1Hz,2H),4.03(d,J=12.8Hz,2H),3.83(s,5H),3.43(dd,J=13.1,5.6Hz,3H),3.15(t,J=11.7Hz,2H),3.09-3.00(m,1H),2.97(dd,J=7.8,3.9Hz,1H),2.33-2.19(m,2H),2.19-2.06(m,1H),1.75(dd,J=14.2,6.7Hz,1H).
实施例23
1-甲基-5-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑盐酸盐(产率:60%)
1HNMR(360MHz,MeOD-d4)δ6.12(s,1H),4.47-4.35(m,1H),4.27(dd,J=9.5,5.3Hz,1H),3.92-3.75(m,2H),3.70(s,3H),3.64(sbr,3H),3.45(d,J=6.4Hz,2H),3.05(m,5H),2.33-1.96(m,8H),1.83(m,1H).
实施例24
4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉盐酸盐(产率:67%)
1HNMR(360MHz,MeOD-d4)δ6.10(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),4.39(dd,J=32.3,24.2Hz,2H),4.09-3.91(m,2H),3.80(dd,J=11.4,8.3Hz,2H),3.70(s,4H),3.50-3.41(m,3H),3.25-3.05(m,3H),2.90(dd,J=8.1,3.8Hz,2H),2.37-2.06(m,3H),1.81(d,J=38.5Hz,1H).
实施例25
1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H吡唑盐酸盐(产率:85%)
1HNMR(360MHz,MeOD-d4)δ8.15(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),7.93(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),7.63(dt,J=19.3,5.6Hz,2H),6.07(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),4.60-4.27(m,2H),3.65(s,2H),3.57-3.36(m,2H),3.05(d,J=33.4Hz,4H),2.40-2.22(m,2H),2.13(dd,J=24.7,18.0Hz,5H),1.82(d,J=10.2Hz,1H).
实施例26
4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉盐酸盐(产率:92%)
1HNMR(360MHz,MeOD-d4)δ8.15(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.91(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.62(dt,J=20.8,5.5Hz,2H),6.07(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),4.55-4.33(m,2H),4.04(d,J=13.1Hz,2H),3.85(dd,J=20.3,11.9Hz,2H),3.47(d,J=12.6Hz,3H),3.39(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.24-2.94(m,4H),2.37-2.10(m,3H),1.81(t,J=9.9Hz,1H).
实施例27
1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑盐酸盐(产率:88%)
1HNMR(360MHz,MeOD-d4)δ7.71(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),7.66(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.45(dd,J=8.6,2.3Hz,1H),5.90(s,1H),4.47-4.35(m,1H),4.28(dd,J=10.5,5.2Hz,1H),3.74-3.55(m,2H),3.47(dd,J=12.7,5.6Hz,1H),3.41-3.34(m,1H),3.17-2.86(m,4H),2.35(s,3H),2.23(m,2H),2.14(m,3H),2.08-1.96(m,2H),1.77(m,1H).
对映异构体(R/R)的合成:通式(Ib)所示的化合物
根据方案n°2中公开的合成途径:
顺式酰胺的差向异构化:反式酰胺VIb
方法A:KHMDS作为碱
在N2气氛下,将起始原料溶解于THF中,当体系冷却到0℃时,逐滴加入六甲基二硅酸钾溶液(在甲苯中浓度为0.5M,1.5eq.)。随即,去除冷却浴,并将该混合物在室温下搅拌1小时。
加入水与二氯甲烷(少许)猝灭反应。有机相使用过量的水和盐水洗涤,得到黄色油状物,其为包括顺式/反式为10/90的混合物。为了分离这两种对映异构体,采用快速柱色谱法(己烷/EtOAc2:1)在硅胶中进行分离,获得的无色油状物为所需的反式对映异构体VIb(产率:80-85%)。
根据该方法,合成如下所示的化合物VIb:
((1R,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮(产率:80%)
((1R,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮(产率:85%)
方法B:KOtBu/tBuOH作为碱
将相应的酰胺基-醚溶解于叔丁醇(0.05M)中,并加入4eq.KO'Bu。将反应体系加热至100℃并搅拌5小时后,监测反应直至无起始原料。
加入少量水,并减压除去挥发物。将油状粗品,然后将粗产物油状物在水和EtOAc之间分配并进行相分离。将有机相干燥并在真空下蒸发,得到黄色油状物,其为顺式/反式为10/90的混合物。为了分离两个对映异构体,采用快速柱色谱法(己烷/EtOAc2:1)在硅胶中进行纯化,获得的无色油状物为所需的反式对映体VIb(产率:62%)。
根据该方法,合成如下化合物VIb:
((1R,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)(吗啉代)甲酮(产率:62%)
还原酰胺VIb得到通式(Ib)所示的化合物(实施例28-30)。
参照如实施例9-16所述的还原反应得到无色油状物酰胺基醚Ib(实施例28-30)。
根据该方法,合成通式(Ib)所示的如下化合物:
实施例28
1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-3-(((1R,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑(产率:87%)
1HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ7.75(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.68(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),7.49-7.38(m,2H),5.92(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),4.22(d,J=3.8Hz,2H),2.73(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),2.56-2.36(m,7H),2.18-1.97(m,2H),1.89-1.61(m,6H).
实施例29
1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-3-(((1R,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑(产率:94%)
1HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ7.58(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),7.47(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.28(dd,J=8.7,2.5Hz,1H),5.66(s,1H),4.14(dd,J=5.7,2.2Hz,2H),2.70(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),2.48(sbr,4H),2.43-2.35(m,2H),2.30(s,3H),2.09(m,1H),2.05-1.92(m,1H),1.75(sbr,5H),1.70-1.58(m,1H).
实施例30
4-(((1R,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉(产率:82%)
1HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ7.57(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.47(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.31-7.24(dd,J=8.6,2.4Hz,1H),5.65(s,1H),4.13(d,J=5.7Hz,2H),3.68(t,J=4.6Hz,4H),2.56(dd,J=11.2,4.5Hz,1H),2.49-2.33(m,6H),2.30(s,3H),2.14-1.93(m,2H),1.87-1.72(m,1H),1.72-1.55(m,1H).
顺式酰胺IVc的差向异构化:反式酰胺IVb。
将起始原料IVc溶于iPrOH(0.05M)中,并在室温下加入甲醇钠(10eq.),全部在一份中。由于差向异构化后进行皂化,2小时后,TCL检测完全转化产物羧酸盐。
用2N的HCl溶液将溶液酸化至pH为2,并加入二氯甲烷。然后,进行相分离,水溶液采用过量二氯甲烷洗涤。整个有机层干燥并减压蒸发,得到反式羧酸,产物为无色油状物,其不经进一步纯化即可用于下一步骤。
在第一步骤中得到的粗产物溶解在甲醇(0.1M)中,逐滴加入硫酸(1.1eq.)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。
在真空下除去挥发物,加入二氯甲烷。将有机层用水(弱碱性)和盐水洗涤,干燥并在减压下得到期望的反式酰胺-酯IVb,产物为无色油状物(产率:90%)。
根据该方法,合成化合物IVb:
(1R,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)环丁烷羧酸酯(产率:90%)
酰胺IVb的还原:醇VIIb。
参照上述化合物IVa的还原反应得到无色油状物醇VIIb。(产率:84%)
根据该方法,合成如下化合物VIIb:
((1R,2R)-2-(羟甲基)环丁基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮(产率:84%)
醇VIIb的Mitsunobu反应:化合物VIb。
参照上述化合物VIa的反应得到无色油状物醇VIb。(产率:68%)
根据该方法,合成如下化合物VIb:
((1R,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮(产率:68%)
VIb的还原:如通式(Ib)所示的化合物(实施例31)及其盐酸盐(实施例32)。
该反应可参照实施例9-16所描述的方法,得到无色油状物Ib(实施例31),其可转化为白色固体盐酸盐Ib·HCl(实施例32),其方法参照实施例17-27。
根据该方法,合成化合物Ib及其盐Ib·HCl:
实施例31
1-甲基-3-(((1R,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑(产率:96%)
1HNMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ5.98(s,1H),4.10(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),3.81(s,3H),2.99-2.35(m,8H),2.21-1.69(m,8H).
实施例32
1-甲基-3-(((1R,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑盐酸盐(产率:90%)
1HNMR(250MHz,MeOD-d4)δ6.20(s,1H),4.15(qd,J=10.3,5.8Hz,2H),3.82(s,3H),3.74-3.55(m,2H),3.50-3.21(m,2H),3.16-2.97(m,2H),2.63(dt,J=15.1,8.3Hz,2H),2.29-1.79(m,8H).
酰胺IVc的合成
参照方案3的途径合成:
酰胺基酯VIII的合成
游离羧酸IX的制备,参照S.Izquierdo,F.Rúa,A.Sbai.T.Parella,V.Branchadell,R.M.J.Org.Chem.2005,70,7963-7971。将游离羧酸IX溶于二氯甲烷(0.05M)中,并加入PyBOP(1.5eq.)和DIPEA(2eq.)。搅拌10分钟后,加入吡咯烷(2eq.),该反应体系搅拌24小时。真空除去溶剂,并将粗产物油状物用快速柱色谱法通过在硅胶中(己烷/EtOAc2:1)纯化,得到相应的酰胺基酯VIII,产物为淡黄色的油。(产率:85~99%)。
根据该方法,合成下列化合物VIII:
(1S,2R)-叔丁基2-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)环丁烷羧酸酯(产率:99%)
(1S,2R)-叔丁基2-(吗啉-4-羰基)环丁烷羧酸酯(产率:85%)
酰胺基酯IVc的合成。
起始酰胺基酯VIII溶于TFA/DCM(1/1,0.05M)中。1小时后,在室温下搅拌,除去溶剂并且将残留物溶于甲苯中重蒸,得到游离羧酸,产物为无色油状物。(产率:定量)
在上一个步骤中得到的粗产物溶解在甲醇(0.1M)中,逐滴加入硫酸(1.1eq.)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。真空除去挥发物,并加入二氯甲烷。将有机层用水(弱碱性)和盐水洗涤,干燥并减压蒸发下,得到所需的酰胺甲酯IVc,产物为无色油状物(产率:99%)。
根据该方法,合成如下化合物IVc:
(1S,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)环丁烷羧酸酯(产率:99%)
(1S,2R)-2-(吗啉-4-羰基)环丁烷羧酸酯(产率:99%)
(S,R)-对映异构体的合成:通式(Ic)所示的化合物
根据方案n°4所示的途径合成:
全部合成方法与如前所述的通式(Ia)所示的对映体化合物的制备方法相近。
根据该方法,合成羟基酰胺VIIc,醚VIc,通式(Ic)所示的化合物(实施例33)及其盐酸盐Ic·HCl(实施例34)。
((1R,2S)-2-(羟甲基)环丁基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮(产率:83%)
((1R,2S)-2-(((1-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮(产率:72%)
实施例33
1-甲基-3-(((1S,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑(产率:94%)
1HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ5.97(s,1H),4.28(dd,J=9.9,7.2Hz,1H),4.15(dd,J=10.0,6.7Hz,1H),3.80(s,3H),2.79(m,2H),2.71(dd,J=12.7,3.7Hz,1H),2.50(sbr,5H),2.10(m,2H),1.95-1.81(m,1H),1.75(sbr,5H).
实施例34
1-甲基-3-(((1S,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑盐酸盐(产率:89%)
1HNMR(360MHz,MeOD-d4)δ6.24(s,1H),4.37(dd,J=10.3,9.0Hz,1H),4.24(dd,J=10.4,4.8Hz,1H),3.83(s,3H),3.62(m,2H),3.43(dd,J=12.8,5.3Hz,1H),3.35(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),3.06(dd,J=17.1,9.0Hz,2H),2.94(dd,2H),2.23(t,J=8.2Hz,2H),2.17-1.95(m,5H),1.73(t,J=11.7Hz,1H).
(S,S)-对映异构体的合成:通式(Id)所示的化合物
根据公开的方案n°5的合成途径:
顺式酯IVa的差向异构化:反式酯IVd的合成。
将起始原料IVa溶解在'PrOH中(0.05M),并在室温下加入甲醇钠(10eq.),都在同一部分。由于差向异构化后进行皂化,2小时后,TCL监测产物完全转化为羧酸盐。
用2N的HCl溶液将溶液酸化至pH为2,加入少量二氯甲烷溶液。然后,进行相分离,并且采用过量的二氯甲烷洗涤水。整个有机层干燥并减压蒸发,得到反式羧酸,产物为无色油状物,其不经进一步纯化即可用于下一步骤。
在第一步骤中得到的粗产物溶解在甲醇(0.1M)中,逐滴加入硫酸(1.1eq.)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。
真空除去挥发物并加入二氯甲烷。将有机层用水(弱碱性)和盐水洗涤,干燥并减压蒸发,得到期望的无色油状反式酰胺-酯IVd(产率:84-95%)。
根据该方法,合成如下所示的化合物IVd:
(1S,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)环丁烷羧酸酯(产率:95%)
(1S,2S)-2-(吗啉-4-羰基)环丁烷羧酸酯(产率:84%)
(1S,2S)-2-(二乙基氨基甲)环丁烷羧酸酯(产率:86%)
IVd中酯基的选择性还原如前所述的化合物VIIa,得到羟基酰胺VIId。
根据该方法,合成羟基酰胺VIId:
((1S,2S)-2-(羟甲基)环丁基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮(产率:86%)
((1S,2S)-2-(羟甲基)环丁基)(吗啉代)甲酮(产率:83%)
(1S,2S)-N,N-二乙基-2-(羟甲基)环丁烷甲酰胺(产率:84%)
所述醇与酚R1OH的Mitsunobu反应与前述化合物VIa的方法相同,制得无色油状物酰胺基酯VId。
根据该方法,合成如下所述的酰胺基酯VId:
((1S,2S)-2-(((1-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮(产率:74%)
((1S,2S)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)(吗啉代)甲酮(产率:69%)
(1S,2S)-N,N-二乙基-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁烷甲酰胺(产率:78%)
最后,LiAlH4还原酰胺VId参照上述实施例9-16,得到通式(Id)(实施例35-37)所示的化合物,产物为无色油状物。参照实施例17-27,制备白色固体盐酸盐Id·HCl(实施例38和39)。
根据该方法,合成如下通式(Id)所示的化合物及其盐酸盐Id·HCl:
实施例35
1-甲基-3-(((1S,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑(产率:90%)
1HNMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ5.98(s,1H),4.10(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),3.81(s,3H),2.99-2.35(m,8H),2.21-1.69(m,8H).
实施例36
4-(((1S,2S)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉(产率:86%)
1HNMR(360MHz,CDCl3)δ7.57(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.47(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.31-7.24(dd,J=8.6,2.4Hz,1H),5.65(s,1H),4.13(d,J=5.7Hz,2H),3.68(t,J=4.6Hz,4H),2.56(dd,J=11.2,4.5Hz,1H),2.49-2.33(m,6H),2.30(s,3H),2.14-1.93(m,2H),1.87-1.72(m,1H),1.72-1.55(m,1H).
实施例37
N,N-二乙基-N-(((1S,2S)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)乙胺(产率:81%)
1HNMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ7.33-7.21(m,2H),6.90(dd,J=7.7,6.6Hz,3H),3.94(d,J=3.7Hz,2H),2.71(dd,J=11.2,6.4Hz,1H),2.57(dd,J=14.0,7.0Hz,5H),2.40(dd,J=13.6,6.5Hz,2H),2.20-1.97(m,4H),1.74(dd,J=26.2,10.4Hz,2H),1.04(d,J=7.2Hz,6H).
实施例38
1-甲基-3-(((1S,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑盐酸盐(产率:92%)
1HNMR(250MHz,MeOD-d4)δ6.20(s,1H),4.15(qd,J=10.3,5.8Hz,2H),3.82(s,3H),3.74-3.55(m,2H),3.50-3.21(m,2H),3.16-2.97(m,2H),2.63(dt,J=15.1,8.3Hz,2H),2.29-1.79(m,8H).
实施例39
N,N-二乙基-N-(((1S,2S)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)乙胺盐酸盐(产率:78%)
1HNMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ7.38-7.22(m,2H),6.96(dd,J=8.1,3.2Hz,3H),4.03(qd,J=9.6,5.9Hz,2H),3.43-3.36(m,1H),3.23(q,J=7.3Hz,5H),2.78-2.55(m,2H),2.26(m,1H),2.19-2.04(m,1H),1.93(m,2H),1.34(t,J=7.3Hz,6H).
式(I)中的具体化合物列于下表(I)中。
表I
生理活性
药理研究
人类σ1受体放射性检测
为了研究σ1受体配体与人类σ1受体的结合特性,使用转染的HEK-293细胞膜和[3H](+)-喷他佐辛(PerkinElmer,NET-1056)作为放射性配体。在有或无缓冲液或10μM氟哌啶醇分别用于总的结合和非特异性结合的条件下,使用7μg膜悬浮液、5nM的[3H](+)-喷他佐辛进行该试验。结合缓冲液含有pH8的50mMTris-HCl溶液。将板在37℃下孵育培养120分钟。培养结束后,将反应混合物转移至MultiScreenHTS,FC滤膜板(Millipore)中,过滤,并用冰冷的10mM的Tris-HCl溶液(pH7.4)洗涤板3次。干燥滤膜板,并以40%的效率使用EcoScint液体闪烁体在一个MicroBeta闪烁计数仪(Perkin-Elmer)中计数。
一些得到的结果示于下表(II)中:
表II
例 | Ki(nM) | 例 | Ki(nM) |
1 | 7.1 | 25 | 20.4 |
3 | 2,8 | 26 | 13.4 |
13 | 16.5 | 27 | 72.5 |
15 | 50.3 | 28 | 104.4 |
16 | 178.3 | 29 | 113.2 |
17 | 33.9 | 30 | 578.3 |
18 | 2.3 | 32 | 17.2 |
19 | 3.7 | 34 | 28.3 |
20 | 4.8 | 36 | 465.3 |
21 | 19.1 | 38 | 75.8 |
22 | 5.6 | 39 | 39.9 |
23 | 30.1 |
Claims (14)
1.一种通式为(I)的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物:
其中,
R1选自以下基团组成的组:取代或未取代的烷基、取代或未取代的环烷基、取代或未取代的环烷基烷基、取代或未取代的烯基、取代或未取代的芳基、取代或未取代的芳烷基、取代或未取代的杂芳基、取代或未取代的杂芳基烷基、取代或未取代的非芳族杂环基和取代的或未取代的非芳族杂环基烷基;R2和R3,相同或不同,选自以下基团组成的组:氢、取代或未取代烷基、取代或未取代的环烷基、取代或未取代的环烷基烷基和取代或未取代的烯基;
或,
R2和R3与共同桥接的氮原子一起形成一个取代或未取代的非芳族杂环基。
2.如权利要求1所述的通式为(I)的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物,其中,R1选自以下基团组成的组:取代或未取代的芳基和取代或未取代的杂芳基。
3.如权利要求2所述的通式为(I)的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物,其中,R1选自以下基团组成的组:取代或未取代的C6-C14芳基和取代或未取代的五元至十元杂芳基。
4.如权利要求3所述的通式为(I)的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物,其中,R1选自以下基团组成的组:
5.如权利要求1-4任一项所述的通式为(I)的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物,其中,R2和R3独立地选自以下基团组成的组:氢、取代或未取代的烷基和取代或未取代的环烷基;
或者,R2和R3与共同桥接的氮原子一起形成取代或未取代的非芳族杂环基。
6.如权利要求5所述的通式为(I)的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物,其中,R2和R3与共同桥接的氮原子一起形成取代或未取代的五元至十元非芳族杂环基。
7.如权利要求6所述的通式为(I)的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物,其中,R2和R3与共同桥接的氮原子一起形成非芳族杂环基,并选自以下基团组成的组:
8.如权利要求1-7任一项所述的通式为(I)的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物,其选自以下组:
[1]1-(((1S,2R)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)吡咯烷
[2]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[3]4-甲基-1-(((1S,2R)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)哌啶
[4]1-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吡咯烷
[5]4-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[6]1-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)-4-甲基哌啶
[7]4-甲基-1-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)哌啶
[8]4-甲基-1-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)哌啶
[9]1-甲基-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑
[10]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[11]1-甲基-5-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-3-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑
[12]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[13]1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑
[14]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[15]1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑
[16]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[17]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉盐酸盐
[18]1-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吡咯烷盐酸盐
[19]4-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉盐酸盐
[20]1-(((1S,2R)-2-((3,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)-4-甲基哌啶盐酸盐
[21]1-甲基-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑盐酸盐
[22]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉盐酸盐
[23]1-甲基-5-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-3-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑盐酸盐
[24]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉盐酸盐
[25]1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑盐酸盐
[26]4-(((1S,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉盐酸盐
[27]1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-3-(((1R,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑盐酸盐
[28]1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-3-(((1R,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑
[29]1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-3-(((1R,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-1H-吡唑
[30]4-(((1R,2R)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[31]1-甲基-3-(((1R,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑
[32]1-甲基-3-(((1R,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑盐酸盐
[33]1-甲基-3-(((1S,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑
[34]1-甲基-3-(((1S,2R)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑盐酸盐
[35]1-甲基-3-(((1S,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑
[36]4-(((1S,2S)-2-(((1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)氧基)甲基)环丁基)甲基)吗啉
[37]N,N-二乙基-N-(((1S,2S)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)乙胺
[38]1-甲基-3-(((1S,2S)-2-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环丁基)甲氧基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1-1H-吡唑盐酸盐
[39]N,N-二乙基-N-(((1S,2S)-2-(苯氧基甲基)环丁基)甲基)乙胺盐酸盐
或其溶剂化物、前药或游离碱化合物的任意药学上可接受的盐。
9.一种药物组合物,包括至少一种如权利要求1-8任一项所述的通式(I)中的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物和药学上可接受的赋形剂。
10.权利要求1-8任一项所述的通式(I)中的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物作为药物的用途。
11.如权利要求10所述的通式(I)中的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物作为药物的用途,其中,所述的药物用于治疗和/或预防σ受体介导的疾病或病症。
12.如权利要求11所述的通式(I)中的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物作为药物的用途,其中,所述的σ受体介导的疾病或病症选自:疼痛、腹泻、脂蛋白症、高脂血症、高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、肥胖症、偏头痛、关节炎、高血压、心律失常、溃疡、青光眼、学习、记忆和注意力缺陷、认知障碍、神经退行性疾病、脱髓鞘疾病、对药物和化学物质的成瘾、迟发性运动障碍、中风、癫痫症、紧张、癌症、精神病、炎症和自身免疫性疾病。
13.如权利要求12所述的通式(I)中的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物作为药物的用途,其中所述的疼痛选自:神经性疼痛、炎症性疼痛或其他涉及异常性疼痛和/或痛觉过敏的疼痛症状。
14.如权利要求12所述的通式(I)中的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体、前药或溶剂化物作为药物的用途,其中,所述对药物和化学物质的成瘾选自可卡因、安非他明、乙醇和尼古丁;所述中风为缺血性中风;所述精神病选自抑郁,焦虑和精神分裂症。
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EP13382310.4A EP2832720A1 (en) | 2013-07-30 | 2013-07-30 | 1,2-disubstituted cyclobutyl compounds |
EP133823104 | 2013-07-30 | ||
PCT/EP2014/066223 WO2015014816A1 (en) | 2013-07-30 | 2014-07-29 | 1,2-disubstituted cyclobutyl compounds |
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US (1) | US9464069B2 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP2832720A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6416254B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN105408304B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2919306A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2692720T3 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1221456A1 (zh) |
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US3387021A (en) * | 1965-04-08 | 1968-06-04 | Rohm & Haas | Amino hydroxyethyl cyclobutanes |
US3453327A (en) * | 1965-01-26 | 1969-07-01 | Rohm & Haas | Pinene diamines and method of preparation |
WO2008015266A1 (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2008-02-07 | Laboratorios Del Dr. Esteve, S.A. | Substituted dimethylcyclobutyl compounds, their preparation and use in medicaments |
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AU2005276591B2 (en) | 2004-08-27 | 2011-03-31 | Laboratorios Del Dr. Esteve, S.A. | Sigma receptor inhibitors |
EP1829869A1 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2007-09-05 | Laboratorios Del Dr. Esteve, S.A. | 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene derivatives and their use as sigma receptor ligands |
EP1847542A1 (en) | 2006-04-21 | 2007-10-24 | Laboratorios del Dr. Esteve S.A. | Spiro[benzopyran] or spiro[benzofuran] derivatives which inhibit the sigma receptor |
EP1921073A1 (en) | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-14 | Laboratorios del Dr. Esteve S.A. | 1,2,4-Triazole derivatives as sigma receptor inhibitors |
EP1921071A1 (en) | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-14 | Laboratorios del Dr. Esteve S.A. | 1,2,3- triazole derivatives as sigma receptor inhibitors |
EP2070933A1 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2009-06-17 | Laboratorios del Dr. Esteve S.A. | Tricyclic triazolic compounds |
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2013
- 2013-07-30 EP EP13382310.4A patent/EP2832720A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 2014-07-29 JP JP2016530484A patent/JP6416254B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-07-29 PT PT14744558T patent/PT3027587T/pt unknown
- 2014-07-29 ES ES14744558.9T patent/ES2692720T3/es active Active
- 2014-07-29 MX MX2016001357A patent/MX2016001357A/es unknown
- 2014-07-29 EP EP14744558.9A patent/EP3027587B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3453327A (en) * | 1965-01-26 | 1969-07-01 | Rohm & Haas | Pinene diamines and method of preparation |
US3387021A (en) * | 1965-04-08 | 1968-06-04 | Rohm & Haas | Amino hydroxyethyl cyclobutanes |
WO2008015266A1 (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2008-02-07 | Laboratorios Del Dr. Esteve, S.A. | Substituted dimethylcyclobutyl compounds, their preparation and use in medicaments |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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ELISABETH TORRES ET AL: "Synthesis and structural study of novel dimethylcyclobutyl β-peptides", 《TETRAHEDRON》 * |
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PT3027587T (pt) | 2018-10-30 |
JP6416254B2 (ja) | 2018-10-31 |
HK1221456A1 (zh) | 2017-06-02 |
WO2015014816A1 (en) | 2015-02-05 |
CA2919306A1 (en) | 2015-02-05 |
CN105408304B (zh) | 2019-04-23 |
US9464069B2 (en) | 2016-10-11 |
JP2016535757A (ja) | 2016-11-17 |
US20160185755A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
EP3027587A1 (en) | 2016-06-08 |
EP2832720A1 (en) | 2015-02-04 |
ES2692720T3 (es) | 2018-12-04 |
MX2016001357A (es) | 2016-04-07 |
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