CN105391750B - 用于通过信息中心网络维持分布式和容错状态的系统和方法 - Google Patents

用于通过信息中心网络维持分布式和容错状态的系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN105391750B
CN105391750B CN201510519270.8A CN201510519270A CN105391750B CN 105391750 B CN105391750 B CN 105391750B CN 201510519270 A CN201510519270 A CN 201510519270A CN 105391750 B CN105391750 B CN 105391750B
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G·C·斯科特
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Abstract

本发明公开了副本管理系统，所述副本管理系统通过在ICN节点集合上复制变量，促进通过信息中心网络(ICN)维持变量的分布式和容错状态。操作中，变量托管ICN节点可以接收包括更新值命令的兴趣，所述更新值命令用于所述变量的副本实例、所述变量的副本集合的当前值和所述变量的新值。ICN节点可以基于副本变量集合的当前值，确定所述本地副本变量的当前值是否是授权值。如果是，则ICN节点将本地副本变量更新为新值。然而，如果当前本地值不是授权值，则ICN节点将本地副本变量的状态回滚到之前状态，并将本地副本变量更新为新值。

Description

用于通过信息中心网络维持分布式和容错状态的系统和方法
技术领域
本申请一般涉及信息中心网络。更具体地，本申请涉及通过信息中心网络(ICN)复制变量，并维持变量的分布式和容错状态。
背景技术
在信息中心网络(ICN)中，客户端装置可以通过传播包括数据名称的请求或兴趣消息来获得此数据。ICN中的中间路由器朝与兴趣的名称前缀关联的任何内容生产者广播此兴趣。接收兴趣的内容生产者可以生成并返回满足兴趣的内容对象(例如内容对象的名称与兴趣包中的名称精确地匹配)。路由器然后沿由兴趣消息行进所通过的相反路径将内容对象转发到客户端装置，从而利用由兴趣消息保留在路由器中的相反路径信息。
设计出ICN架构以允许客户端不管数据来自何方都有效地、安全地获得数据。然而，典型的ICN架构通常返回一个内容对象以满足一个兴趣。如果托管数据的ICN节点失败或受损，则消费数据的其它ICN节点面临使用过时(缓存)信息或恶意值的风险。
发明内容
一个实施例提供一种副本管理系统，其通过在ICN节点集合上复制变量，促进通过信息中心网络(ICN)维持变量的分布式和容错状态。操作中，变量托管ICN节点可以接收包括变量的更新值命令、变量的副本集合的当前值和变量的新值的兴趣。ICN节点可以基于副本变量集合的当前值确定变量的当前本地值是否是授权值。如果当前本地值是授权值，则ICN节点可以将变量的本地副本更新到新值。然而，如果当前本地值不是授权值，则ICN节点可以将变量的本地副本的状态回滚到之前状态，并将变量的本地副本更新为新值。
在信息中心网络(ICN)中，每项内容是分别被命名的，每项数据被绑定到将该数据与任何其它项数据相区分的唯一名称，所述任何其它项数据诸如相同数据的其它形式或来自其它源的数据。此唯一名称允许网络装置通过传播指示唯一名称的请求或兴趣来请求数据，并且可以获得与数据的存储位置、网络位置、应用和传输装置无关的数据。命名数据网络(NDN)或内容中心网络(CCN)是ICN架构的示例，以下术语描述NDN或CCN架构的元件：
内容对象(Content Object)：单一一项命名数据，其绑定到唯一名称。内容对象是“永久的”，这意味着内容对象可以在计算装置内或者在不同的计算装置中移动，但不会改变。如果内容对象的任何组成变化，则出现变化的实体创建包括更新内容的新内容对象，并且将新内容对象绑定到新唯一名称。
唯一名称(Unique Name)：CCN中的名称通常是与位置无关的，唯一地标识内容对象。数据转发装置不管内容对象的网络地址或物理位置如何，可以使用名称或名称前缀将包向生成或存储内容对象的网络节点转发。在一些实施例中，名称可以是层次结构的可变长度标识符(HSVLI)。HSVLI可以分成几个层次组成，这些组成可以以各种方式构造。例如，个别的名称组成parc、home、ccn和test.txt可以以左对齐的前缀为主的方式构造，以形成名称“/parc/home/ccn/test.txt”。因此，名称“/parc/home/ccn”可以是“/parc/home/ccn/test.txt”的“父”或“前缀”。附加组成可以用来区分内容项目的不同形式，诸如合作文档。
在一些实施例中，名称可以包括标识符，诸如从内容对象的数据(例如检验和值)和/或从内容对象的名称的元素导出的散列值。基于散列的名称的描述在美国专利申请号13/847,814(发明人Ignacio Solis于2013年3月20日提交，名称为“ORDERED-ELEMENTNAMING FOR NAME-BASED PACKET FORWARDING”)中描述。名称还可以是扁平标签。后文中“名称”用来指名称数据网络中的一条数据的任何名称，诸如层次名称或名称前缀、扁平名称、固定长度的名称、任意长度的名称或标签(例如多协议标识交换(MPLS)标签)。
兴趣(Interest)：指示对一条数据的请求的包，包括该条数据的名称(或名称前缀)。数据消费者可以在信息中心网络中传播请求或兴趣，CCN/NDN路由器可以向可以提供所请求数据以满足请求或兴趣的存储装置(例如缓存服务器)或数据生产者播送。
在一些实施例中，ICN系统可以包括内容中心网路(CCN)架构。然而，本文中公开的方法还适用于其它ICN架构。对CCN架构的描述在美国专利申请号12/338,175(发明人VanL.Jacobson和Diana K.Smetters于2008年12月18日申请，名称为“CONTROLLING THESPREAD OF INTERESTS AND CONTENT IN A CONTENT CENTRIC NETWORK”)中描述。
在一些实施例中，在确定变量的当前本地值是否是授权值时，ICN节点确定授权值是否存在，并确定当前本地值是否与授权值匹配。
在这些实施例的一些变形中，在确定授权值是否存在时，ICN节点基于副本变量的集合的当前值确定匹配值的最大集合，并确定最大集合中匹配值的数目是否大于或等于最小定额阈值。
在这些实施例的一些变形中，如果ICN节点确定授权值不存在，则ICN节点可以将变量的本地副本的状态回滚到之前状态。
在一些实施例中，兴趣包括附加到兴趣的名称的更新值命令。
在一些实施例中，兴趣包括有效载荷，所述有效载荷包括更新值命令。
一个实施例提供一种客户端ICN节点，其可以读并更新在ICN节点集合上被复制的分布式变量。操作中，客户端ICN节点可以通过传播对读变量副本的集合的至少一个兴趣来读分布式变量的值。相应兴趣可以包括用于读变量的相应副本的阅读值命令和包括与副本变量关联的路由名称前缀和托管副本变量的任何副本服务器的名称。在传播至少一个兴趣之后，ICN节点可以接收满足至少一个兴趣的内容对象的集合，使得相应内容对象可以包括相应的副本变量的当前值。ICN节点然后可以基于内容对象的集合中的当前值确定变量是否存在授权值。如果授权值不存在，则ICN节点可以将变量的本地副本的状态回滚到之前状态。
在一些实施例中，ICN节点可以在不通知副本服务器副本变量有非授权值时，回滚变量的本地副本的状态。
在一些实施例中，响应于确定授权值存在，ICN节点可以将变量的本地副本设置为授权值。
在一些实施例中，在确定授权值是否存在时，ICN节点通过满足兴趣的内容对象的集合确定变量的相似值的最大集合。ICN节点然后确定最大集合中的相似值的数目是否大于或等于最小定额阈值。如果大于或等于最小定额阈值，则来自此相似值的最大集合的值被用作授权值。
在一些实施例中，ICN节点可以更新变量的副本集合。这样，ICN节点选择副本变量的至少一个子集来更新。ICN节点然后生成兴趣，所述兴趣包括副本变量的子集中相应副本变量的更新值命令、接收的副本变量集合的当前值和变量的新值，并传播对相应副本变量的兴趣。
在一些实施例中，所选的副本变量的子集中的副本变量的数目大于或等于最小定额阈值。
在这些实施例的一些变形中，对相应的副本变量的兴趣包括具有与变量关联的路由名称前缀的名称，接着是与变量的相应副本关联的名称组成。
附图说明
图1图解说明根据实施例促进管理在多个副本服务器上复制的数据的示例性计算环境。
图2图解说明根据实施例用于更新副本服务器上的变量的值的示例性兴趣消息。
图3呈现根据实施例对用于处理副本服务器上的数据访问命令的方法进行图解说明的流程图。
图4呈现根据实施例对用于确定授权值的方法进行图解说明的流程图。
图5呈现根据实施例对用于从副本服务器的集合读变量的值的方法进行图解说明的流程图。
图6呈现根据实施例对用于在副本服务器的集合上更新变量的值的方法进行图解说明的流程图。
图7图解说明根据实施例促进管理在多个副本服务器上复制的数据的示例性设备。
图8图解说明根据实施例促进管理在多个副本服务器上复制的数据的示例性计算机系统。
在图中，相同的附图标记指相同的附图元件。
具体实施方式
给出以下描述使得本领域技术人员能够制造和使用实施例，以下描述是在特定应用和其需求的背景下提供的。对所公开实施例的各种改进对本领域技术人员是非常显然的，在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下，本文中定义的通用原理可以应用于其它实施例和应用。因此，本发明不局限于所显示的实施例，而是给予与本文中公开的原理和特征一致的最宽范围。
本发明的实施例提供一种副本管理系统，其通过在ICN节点集合上复制变量解决了通过信息中心网络(ICN)维持变量的分布式和容错状态的问题。其它ICN节点可以通过传播对变量的每个副本的兴趣来访问变量，其它ICN节点可以从托管副本变量的任何ICN节点获得变量。托管或消费副本变量的ICN节点可以通过确定可接受或不可接受的不一致性的数目是否存在于副本变量集合上，独立地验证变量状态的完整性。
例如，分布式ICN节点集合可以一共托管变量的N个副本，对此没有授权实体控制变量的主副本。变量的每个副本保持变量的本地实例的当前和历史状态(值)，其一同被称作变量历史。变量的N个副本的全部集合被称作变量历史集(VHS)。托管VHS的责任可以安全地分布在分布式ICN节点集合上，使得当其副本中的至少大多数具有匹配值时，变量存在授权值。产生授权值的匹配副本的此最大集合在后文中被称作定额Q，大小为|Q|。同样，当客户端更新变量时，客户端需要成功地更新至少|Q|副本变量，以维持变量的完整性。
变量历史可以包括当前状态(例如变量集合的当前值)，还具有可以用来将错误状态回滚到之前的良好状态的历史状态。同样，变量一般可以存储任何信息，并且可以使用内容对象或现在已知或以后开发的其它任何数据结构来实现。例如，变量可以包括系统状态，所述系统状态包括一起代表系统状态的多个数据元素(例如变量的集合)。这样，系统的状态可以使用VHS被复制，以保护状态信息不被篡改，不被故障转移事件影响。
托管变量历史的ICN节点可以从发布更新VHS的客户端装置获得VHS的当前值或者VHS的子集。ICN节点可以分析当前值，以确定|Q|副本变量是否具有匹配值，如果具有，则使用此值作为授权值。如果本地副本变量与此授权值不匹配，则ICN节点可以更新其副本变量以存储授权值。
另一方面，如果授权值不存在，则ICN节点可以使用本地变量历史将本地副本变量移动到之前的良好状态(例如之前的授权状态)。同样，ICN节点可以使用当前值来修复本地副本变量的状态。例如，如果匹配值的最大集合刚好足够大以提供修复值，则ICN节点可以使用此修复值来修复被破坏状态，而不必移动到之前状态。
在一些实施例中，系统管理员可以配置VHS的大小以及匹配的副本变量的修复数目，以产生授权值或修复值。例如，需要托管状态信息以保证容错和安全性的状态副本的总数N可以取决于副本的最大预期数目f和副本的最大数目b，f在操作中可以是离线的，b在恶意ICN节点上可以被维持或者可以不是最新的。在一些实施例中，状态信息的副本的总数需要为：
N＝3f+2b+1 (1)
同样，为了能够确定授权值，具有匹配值的副本的最小数的数目需要是最小定额大小：
|Q|＝2f+2b+1 (2)
如果不满足最小定额大小|Q|，则状态信息的副本的集合不提供授权值。然而，如果具有匹配值的副本变量的最大数目至少为以下时，系统管理员或错误校正服务可以修复ICN节点上的副本变量：
|R|＝f+b+1 (3)
副本变量的此数目|R|需要足够大，以从集合中的错误或恶意值消除授权值。
图1图解说明根据实施例促进管理在多个副本服务器上复制的数据的示例性计算环境100。具体地，ICN 102可以包括许多装置，诸如副本主机104、客户端装置106和108以及可以在ICN 102上转发请求(例如兴趣)和命名数据对象(例如内容对象)的其它任何类型的ICN节点。装置104、106和108可以是任何类型的计算装置，包括移动计算装置，诸如膝上型计算机、平板电脑或平板计算机、智能手机或个人数字助理(PDA)，或者静止计算装置，诸如服务器计算机或桌面计算机。此外，每个装置可以包括用于转发请求和/或返回匹配的命名数据对象的各种资源，诸如未决兴趣表(PIT)、转发信息表(FIB)、内容存储(CS)。
副本主机104.1-104.n可以各自托管一个或多个变量历史，使得完整的VHS分布于副本主机104上。每个变量历史存储VHS变量的当前副本值，以及VHS变量的历史副本值集合。例如，副本主机104.n可以包括存储多个变量历史112的存储装置110。在一些实施例中，变量历史112可以对应于一个变量的多个副本(例如可以对应于一个VHS)，或者可以对应于一起构成状态集(例如可以对应于多个VHS)的多个不同的变量的副本。
装置106和108可以对应于对副本主机104进行查询以从副本主机104.1-104.n中的至少|Q|个获得副本值的客户端装置，并出于自身决定变量的状态是否需要被回滚。例如，装置106和108还可以存储VHS的授权值的变量历史。如果装置106查询副本主机104，并接收|Q|匹配副本值，则装置106可以使用此匹配值作为VHS的授权值。另一方面，如果装置106确定授权值在VHS上不存在(其分布在副本主机104上)，装置106可以将变量的状态回滚到存储已知授权值的之前状态，装置106不需要通知任何副本主机104被破坏的VHS状态。在一些实施例中，是客户端装置生成通知副本主机104破坏的VHS状态的变量的新值(例如以修复破坏的状态)。装置106可以安全地使用之前状态作为授权值，只要副本主机104在未来当客户端想要更新变量的值时，各自回滚到此相同的之前状态。
例如，报社“Gotham Gazette”可以使用名称前缀为“/GothamGazette”的内容对象的集合来存储他们的报纸内容，以由其消费者访问，以及托管对订阅者的统计数据。名称前缀为“/GothamGazette”的内容集合可以包括分布在副本主机104上的n个副本的VHS，所以集合中的每个变量(内容对象)还有分布于副本主机104上的n个副本。托管集合的副本的副本主机104.i广告集合中每个变量的名称前缀，附加有与被托管的副本关联的唯一标识符：
/{name_prefix_for_variable}/{replica identifier} (4)
注意，对“/{name_prefix_for_variable}”的兴趣可以返回来自变量的任何副本的值，诸如来自任何副本主机104。然而，对“/{name_prefix_for_variable}/{replicaidentifier}”的兴趣可以返回只来自与唯一标识符{replica identifier}关联的副本变量的值。
唯一标识符可以是标识副本变量的数字或逻辑值，或者可以包括与副本主机104.i关联的逻辑标识符。这引起ICN 102上的网络节点向网络节点104.i转发包括此特定副本的名称的任何请求或兴趣。例如，客户端106或108可以通过传播对“/GothamGazette/subscriber_size/3”的兴趣访问变量为“/GothamGazette/subscriber_size”、标识符为“3”的副本。如果副本主机104.3与副本标识符“3”关联，则ICN 102上的网络节点将此请求或兴趣转发到副本主机104.3。
因此，与ID“3”和副本服务器104.3关联的副本变量通过相同名称“/{name_prefix_for_variable}/3”可访问。然而，副本变量可能仍在副本主机104周围移动，或者甚至到达ICN 102中的不同网络装置，诸如将副本迁移到新的主机或将副本移动到新的网络位置。由于副本变量移动到新主机，此新主机可以广告副本变量的存在，以允许ICN 102将所有新请求转发到此主机。
图2图解说明根据实施例用于更新副本变量的示例性兴趣消息200。兴趣消息200包括名称202和有效载荷204。名称202与待被更新的副本变量关联。有效载荷204可以包括变量的新值206，并包括使副本主机将副本变量更新到新值206的更新值命令208。有效载荷还可以包括VHS上副本的至少一个子集的当前副本值210，副本主机可以使用该值来确定变量的本地值是否是授权值。
图3呈现根据实施例对用于处理副本服务器上的数据访问命令的方法300进行图解说明的流程图。操作中，副本服务器可以接收包括数据访问命令的兴趣(操作302)，并分析来自兴趣的命令以确定哪个变量可被操作(操作304)。
副本服务器然后确定命令执行读操作还是执行更新值操作(操作306)。如果命令是读操作，则副本服务器获得此变量的本地值(操作308)，并生成名称包括兴趣的名称、有效载荷包括变量的本地值的内容对象(操作310)。副本服务器然后返回满足兴趣的内容对象(操作312)。
然而，如果命令是更新值命令，则副本服务器分析兴趣以获得其它副本变量(例如对于来自其它副本服务器的变量)的当前值(操作314)。副本服务器然后确定变量的授权值(操作316)，并确定本地值是否是授权值(操作318)。如果本地值是授权值，则副本服务器可以继续更新本地变量以具有更新值(操作322)。
另一方面，如果本地值不是授权值，则副本服务器已在本地或在副本服务器的集合中检测到问题。例如，本地副本的状态可能与其它副本的状态不一致，或者可能客户端不能以足够的副本更新数据以到达新的授权状态。在任一种情况下，本地副本服务器继续将副本变量的状态回滚到之前状态(操作320)，然后将变量的本地副本更新到具有兴趣中指定的更新值(操作322)。
在一些实施例中，本地副本服务器可以通过将副本变量的状态回滚到最后已知的良好状态来校正变量的状态，在一些变形中，甚至可以将服务器的状态(例如包括副本变量的集合的状态)回滚到最后已知的良好状态。
在其它一些实施例中，如果足够多的副本变量具有匹配值(例如在VHS中的至少变量|R|具有匹配值)，则本地副本服务器可以通过使用此匹配值恢复VHS的授权值来校正变量的状态。例如，如果副本变量还没有保存值，则一个或多个副本服务器和/或其管理员可以更新相应的副本变量以存储此恢复值。
图4呈现根据实施例对用于检测VHS中的授权值的方法400进行图解说明的流程图。操作中，网络节点(例如副本服务器或客户端装置)可以获得变量的多个副本的当前值(例如对于在副本服务器的集合上的变量)(操作402)。例如，客户端可以通过在副本服务器的集合上传播读变量的每个实例的兴趣来获得这些当前值。另一方面，副本服务器可以从对变量执行更新值操作的兴趣中获得这些当前值。
要记得并非所有这些当前值可能是相同的。如果客户端在其它副本服务器上更新变量的值而没有更新本地副本服务器，或者如果恶意实体试图将变量的值修改为错误值，则副本服务器可以具有过时值。服务器或客户端然后确定集合中的匹配值的最大集合(操作404)，并确定此最大集合的大小是否大于或等于最小定额阈值|Q|(操作406)。如果大于或等于最小定额阈值|Q|，则装置确定授权值存在，并从此集合中选择变量的值作为授权值(操作408)。另一方面，如果大小小于定额阈值，则装置确定授权值不存在(操作410)。
图5呈现根据实施例图解说明用于读在副本服务器的集合上复制的变量的方法500的流程图。操作中，客户端可以传播对变量的副本的至少一个子集的兴趣(操作502)，使得每个兴趣包括对变量的不同副本的请求。客户端接收对应于副本变量的子集的内容对象的集合(操作504)，客户端分析该集合以确定授权值是否存在(操作506)。如果授权值存在，则客户端将本地变量更新为更新值(操作508)。
在一些实施例中，被阅读的副本变量的子集需要至少等于最小定额阈值|Q|，以能够由|Q|匹配值检测授权值。如果客户端没有从副本变量的此子集检测到授权值，则客户端可以传播对其它副本变量的附加兴趣，直到检测到授权值，或者在VHS中没有更多的副本变量要查询。例如，客户端可以确定在VHS中是否存在附加副本(操作510)。如果存在，则客户端传播对其它副本的附加兴趣(操作512)，并返回操作504以接收并处理它接收的这些其它副本的副本值。另一方面，如果VHS中不存在更多的副本，则客户端将变量的值回滚到之前状态(操作514)。
图6呈现根据实施例对用于在副本服务器的集合上更新变量的值的方法600进行图解说明的流程图。操作中，客户端诸如通过传播对变量的副本的至少一个子集的兴趣读变量的副本的当前值(操作602)。客户端可以在本地使用变量的授权值(操作604)，诸如以将数据呈现给用户，生成其它新数据或甚至更新变量的值。
如果客户端更新变量的值(操作606)，则客户端选择变量的副本的至少一个子集来更新(操作608)，并更新副本变量的此子集以保存新值(操作610)。此子集的大小需要至少等于最小定额阈值|Q|。
在一些实施例中，客户端可以使用进栈协议或者出栈协议来更新副本变量。例如，客户端可以通过生成包括所选副本变量的更新值命令的兴趣来推送新值，并通过ICN传播兴趣。这些兴趣包括VHS中副本变量的当前值，还包括变量的新值。当前变量值和新值可以被包括作为更新值命令的一部分，或者可以被包括作为兴趣中单独的数据元素。同样，兴趣可以包括更新值命令和兴趣的名称(例如在编组对象)中或与兴趣的名称分离的兴趣的有效载荷片断内的当前和更新值。
举另一示例，在进栈协议中，每个副本主机可以传播查询客户端以获得更新值的兴趣。如果客户端生成新值，则客户端可以返回它从变量的副本主机接收的每个兴趣的内容对象。此内容对象可以包括VHS中副本变量的当前值连同变量的新值。
图7图解说明根据实施例促进管理在多个副本服务器上复制的数据的示例性设备700。设备700可以包括彼此之间可以通过有线或无线通信信道通信的多个模块。设备700可以使用一个或多个集成电路实现，并且可以包括比图7中所示的更多或更少的模块。而且，设备700可以集成在计算机系统中，或者实现为能够与其它计算机系统和/或装置通信的单独的装置。具体地，设备700可以包括通信模块702、请求处理模块704、授权值检测模块706和状态管理模块708。
在一些实施例中，通信模块702可以发送和/或接收对访问分布式变量的副本的兴趣。请求处理模块704可以处理变量访问兴趣以返回包括变量的副本的当前值的内容对象，或者可以处理包括变量的新值的变量更新兴趣。授权值检测模块706可以处理来自副本变量的集合中的值，以确定授权值是否存在。如果本地副本的变量值与授权值不匹配，或者如果授权值不存在，则状态管理模块708可以将变量的状态回滚到之前状态，并且如果本地值与授权值匹配，则可以更新本地变量的值以包括新值。
图8图解说明根据实施例促进管理在多个副本服务器上复制的数据的示例性计算机系统802。计算机系统802包括处理器804、存储器806和存储装置808。存储器806可以包括充当管理存储器的易失性存储器(例如RAM)，并且可以用来存储一个或多个内存池。而且，计算机系统802可以耦连到显示装置810、键盘812和定位装置814。存储装置808可以存储操作系统816、副本管理系统818和数据828。
副本管理系统818可以包括指令，这些指令在由计算机系统802执行时可以引起计算机系统802执行本申请中描述的方法和/或过程。具体地，副本管理系统818可以包括用于发送和/或接收对访问分布式变量的副本的兴趣的指令(通信模块820)。而且，副本管理系统818可以包括指令，所述指令用于处理变量访问兴趣以返回包括变量副本的当前值的内容对象并且用于处理包括变量的新值的变量更新兴趣(请求处理模块822)。
副本管理系统818还可以包括用于处理来自副本变量的集合的值以确定授权值是否存在的指令(授权值检测模块824)。而且，副本管理系统818可以包括指令，所述指令用于在本地副本的变量值与授权值不匹配或者如果授权值不存在时将变量的状态回滚到之前状态，并且用于在本地值与授权值匹配时更新本地变量的值以包括新值(状态管理模块826)。
数据828可以包括通过本申请中描述的方法和/或过程作为输入请求的或作为输出生成的任何数据。具体地，数据828可以存储变量的本地实例的至少变量历史，和/或来自变量的多个副本实例的最近的和/或历史变量值。
在此详细描述中描述的数据结构和代码通常存储于计算机可读存储介质上，计算机可读存储介质可以是可以存储代码和/或数据以由计算机系统使用的任何装置或介质。计算机可读存储介质包括但不限于易失性存储器、非易失性存储器、磁和光存储装置(诸如磁盘驱动器、磁带、CD(光盘)、DVD(数字通用盘或数字视频盘))或能够存储计算机可读介质的现在已知或以后开发的其它介质。
在详细描述部分描述的方法和过程可以体现为代码和/或数据，这些代码和/或数据可以存储在如上文描述的计算机可读存储介质中。当计算机系统读、执行计算机可读存储介质上存储的代码和/或数据时，计算机系统执行体现为数据结构和代码并存储于计算机可读存储介质中的方法和过程。
而且，上面描述的方法和过程可以包括于硬件模块中。例如，这些硬件模块可以包括但不限于专用集成电路(ASIC)芯片、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、和现在已知或以后开发的其它可编程逻辑器件。当硬件模块被激活时，他们执行其中包括的方法和过程。

Claims (9)

1.一种计算机实现的方法，包括：
通过客户端装置传播对读变量的副本集合的至少一个兴趣，其中，相应兴趣包括用于读所述变量的相应副本的阅读值命令，并包括名称，所述名称包括与副本变量以及托管所述副本变量的任何副本服务器关联的路由名称前缀；
接收满足所述至少一个兴趣的内容对象的集合，其中，相应的内容对象包括相应的副本变量的当前值；
基于所述内容对象的集合中的当前值，确定对于所述变量是否存在授权值，其中，确定授权值是否存在包括：
通过满足所述兴趣的内容对象的集合确定用于所述变量的相似值的最大集合；并且
如果所述最大集合中的相似值的数目大于或等于最小定额阈值，则确定所述授权值存在；以及
响应于确定授权值不存在，将所述变量的本地副本的状态回滚到之前状态。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，响应于确定授权值不存在，所述方法还包括在不通知副本服务器所述副本变量有非授权值时，回滚所述变量的本地副本的状态。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
响应于确定授权值存在，将所述变量的本地副本设置为所述授权值。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括更新所述变量的副本集合，其中，更新所述副本变量包括：
选择副本变量的至少一个子集以进行更新；
生成包括更新值命令的兴趣，所述更新值命令用于副本变量子集中的相应副本变量、接收的所述副本变量集合的当前值以及所述变量的新值；以及
传播对所述相应副本变量的兴趣。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，副本变量的所选子集中的副本变量的数目大于或等于最小定额阈值。
6.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，对所述相应副本变量的兴趣包括具有与所述变量关联的路由名称前缀的名称，接着是与所述变量的相应副本关联的名称组成。
7.一种计算机实现的方法，包括：
通过副本服务器接收包括用于变量的更新值命令、所述变量的副本集合的当前值和所述变量的新值的兴趣；
基于所述副本变量集合的当前值，确定所述变量的当前本地值是否是授权值，包括：
确定所述授权值是否存在，包括：基于所述副本变量集合的当前值确定匹配值的最大集合，并且如果所述最大集合中的匹配值的数目大于或等于最小额定阈值，则确定所述授权值存在；并且
如果所述变量的当前本地值与所述授权值匹配，则确定所述变量的当前本地值是所述授权值；以及
响应于确定所述当前本地值是所述授权值，将所述变量的本地副本更新到所述新值。
8.一种存储指令的非暂态计算机可读存储介质，所述指令在由计算机执行时引起所述计算机执行一种方法，所述方法包括：
通过副本服务器接收包括用于变量的更新值命令、所述变量的副本集合的当前值和所述变量的新值的兴趣；
基于所述副本变量集合的当前值，确定所述变量的当前本地值是否是授权值，包括：
确定所述授权值是否存在，包括：基于所述副本变量集合的当前值确定匹配值的最大集合，并且如果所述最大集合中的匹配值的数目大于或等于最小额定阈值，则确定所述授权值存在；并且
如果所述变量的当前本地值与所述授权值匹配，则确定所述变量的当前本地值是所述授权值；以及
响应于确定所述当前本地值是所述授权值，将所述变量的本地副本更新到所述新值。
9.根据权利要求8所述的存储介质，还包括响应于确定所述当前本地值不是授权值：
将所述变量的本地副本的状态回滚到之前状态；和
将所述变量的本地副本更新到所述新值。
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