CN105386536B - 一种保温建筑墙体结构 - Google Patents

一种保温建筑墙体结构 Download PDF

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CN105386536B
CN105386536B CN201510649369.XA CN201510649369A CN105386536B CN 105386536 B CN105386536 B CN 105386536B CN 201510649369 A CN201510649369 A CN 201510649369A CN 105386536 B CN105386536 B CN 105386536B
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姜旭
徐秋平
胡瀚
计芹芹
计祥
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Built in the city to open the Environment Construction Co., Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有保温功能的墙体结构,所述保温墙体包括两个墙体块和置于两个墙体块之间的保温层,其中所述墙体块具有内侧板和外侧板,多个隔断层间隔地位于内侧板和外侧板之间且与内侧板和外侧板的平面垂直,隔断层将墙体块的内部分隔成多个腔室,在外侧板靠近保温层的面上具有不规律排列的多个声音阻尼孔,本发明的保温墙体结构具有保温隔热性能好,导热系数在低,具有很好的保温节能效果,同时还具备隔音性能好,可大大减少噪音影响的特点。

Description

一种保温建筑墙体结构
技术领域
本发明属于建筑材料新技术领域,特别涉及一种具有保温功能的建筑墙体结构。
背景技术
随着我国国民经济的快速增长,人民生活水平的提高,使得我国建筑业超负荷发展,带来了一系列能源及环境问题。目前,建筑耗能己成为我国经济发展的软肋,数量庞大的高能耗建筑潜伏巨大能源危机。因此,要实现建筑业的可持续发展,需要在建筑材料进行改进以积极提高能源利用率。
例如以保温墙体为例,从建筑材料的角度出发,在混凝土中添加带有保温隔热功能的材料可有效阻隔热量的传递,提高普通混凝土保温性能,提高能源利用率,减少温室气体排放。目前,市场上使用的这种保温隔热层材料主要是高分子有机类和无机类材料。常用的高分子保温隔热材料包括:膨胀聚苯乙烯发泡板、交联聚乙烯发泡板、发泡聚氨醋板,在这些具有保温功能的混凝土中,玻化微珠保温承重混凝土以其良好的力学性能备受关注。但是这些保温材料存在着种种弊端,比如原材料使用石油资源、环保性差、易燃、耐候性差、易老化等。这些保温材料易燃的缺陷,严重的威胁到人们的安全。
发明内容
本发明目的是针对现有技术存在的缺陷提供一种具有保温功能的建筑材料,从而克服目前建筑材料保温、隔音效果不佳的缺陷。
本发明为实现上述目的,采用如下技术方案:
本发明的多功能的绿色建筑材料,所述保温墙体包括两个墙体块和置于两个墙体块之间的保温层,其中所述墙体块具有内侧板和外侧板,多个隔断层间隔地位于内侧板和外侧板之间且与内侧板和外侧板的平面垂直,隔断层将墙体块的内部分隔成多个腔室,在外侧板靠近保温层的面上具有不规律排列的多个声音阻尼孔,声音阻尼孔的设置可以与腔室产生声音共振消除噪音以起到一定的隔音效果。
作为优选方式之一,其中保温层的原料按重量份包括以下组分:二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料20-28份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物5-10份、粉煤灰10份、云母粉1-3份、异氰酸酯4-6份、硅烷偶联剂3-6份、改性环氧树脂3-6份、玻璃纤维5-10份、聚氨酯2-5份、硅藻土3-4份、石墨粉1-2份、陶瓷珠粉1-3份、光稳定剂0.5-2份、抗氧剂0.1-1份、炭黑着色剂0.5份、环氧树脂分散剂0.5-1份、苯乙烯粘结剂1-2份;墙体块的原料按重量份包括以下组分:混凝土50-80份、膨胀蛭石粉10-30份、珍珠岩10-15份、铝矾土3-5份、氧化镁1-5份、氢氧化铝2-5份、氯化石蜡2-4份、硅酸铝纤维10-15份、环氧树脂3-5份、矿棉2-8份、炭黑粉4-6份、纳米TiO24-10份、改性剂1-2份、硬化剂1-2份、防水剂1-1.5份。
本发明的有益效果:本发明公开的保温层由于采用了上述组分材料使得其保温性能大大提升,保温隔热性能好,导热系数低,具有很好的保温节能效果;同时还具有隔音性能好,可大大减少噪音影响的特点。
附图说明
图1显示出本发明的保温墙体结构剖视图;
图2显示出本发明的保温墙体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1和2所示,本发明的保温墙体结构图,所述保温墙体1包括两个墙体块2和置于两个墙体块2之间的保温层7,其中所述墙体块2具有内侧板3和外侧板4,多个隔断层5间隔地位于内侧板3和外侧板4之间且与内侧板3和外侧板4的平面垂直,隔断层5将墙体块2的内部分隔成多个腔室6,在外侧板4靠近保温层7的面上具有不规律排列的多个声音阻尼孔8,声音阻尼孔8的设置可以与腔室6产生声音共振消除噪音以起到一定的隔音效果。
作为优选方式之一,其中保温层7采用了本发明特别的组分材料制成,其原料按重量份包括以下组分:二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料20-28份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物5-10份、粉煤灰10份、云母粉1-3份、异氰酸酯4-6份、硅烷偶联剂3-6份、改性环氧树脂3-6份、玻璃纤维5-10份、聚氨酯2-5份、硅藻土3-4份、石墨粉1-2份、陶瓷珠粉1-3份、光稳定剂0.5-2份、抗氧剂0.1-1份、炭黑着色剂0.5份、环氧树脂分散剂0.5-1份、苯乙烯粘结剂1-2份;
墙体块2的原料按重量份包括以下组分:混凝土50-80份、膨胀蛭石粉10-30份、珍珠岩10-15份、铝矾土3-5份、氧化镁1-5份、氢氧化铝2-5份、氯化石蜡2-4份、硅酸铝纤维10-15份、环氧树脂3-5份、矿棉2-8份、炭黑粉4-6份、纳米TiO24-10份、改性剂1-2份、硬化剂1-2份、防水剂1-1.5份。
作为优选方式之一,进一步,所述二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料的制备方法如下,利用二氧化硅材料(例如珍珠岩),选取至少90%分布的粒径为大于0.75mm的材料颗粒,其中珍珠岩材料需要在使用之前必须在120℃的烘箱中干燥至少1个小时,首先将正硅酸乙醋、无水乙醇以及蒸馏水按照一定的比例进行混合搅拌,然后用稀释过的盐酸进行滴定,调节PH值为2.5-3之间,以使水解反应的完成,然后使用永磁直流电动机进行搅拌,时间约为30-50min,之后用稀释过后的NH3·H2O进行第二次溶液PH值的调节,促进缩聚反应的进行,稀氨水调节PH值控制在5.0-5.1之间,控制气凝胶凝胶时间为至少60min,方便后续步骤的进行,接着进行半细胞法操作,将配置好的液体和不同粒径范围的珍珠岩进行混合放入真空箱中进行半细胞法处理,直至液体凝胶,关闭真空,然后进行常温常压老化24h,之后进行干燥处理,干燥采用常压分级干燥,依次在温度80℃保持24h,温度100℃保持24h,温度120℃保持24h,最后即得二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料。该制备方法是从材料的微观层而出发对建筑材料进行优化,提出利用气凝胶的超低导热系数特性,将其与二氧化硅材料进行复合,创造纳米级内部多孔结构,降低保温建筑材料的导热系数,从而提高墙体结构的保温性能。
以上多个层可以单独使用,实现单独的保温和隔音效果。本发明的保温墙体结构具有保温隔热性能好,导热系数在低,具有很好的保温节能效果,同时还具备隔音性能好,可大大减少噪音影响的特点。
尽管上文对本发明的具体实施方式给予了详细描述和说明,但是应该指明的是,我们可以依据本发明的构想对上述实施方式进行各种等效改变和修改,其所产生的功能作用仍未超出说明书及附图所涵盖的精神时,均应在本发明的保护范围之内。以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明,凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何细微修改、等同替换和改进,均应包含在本发明技术方案的保护范围之内。

Claims (1)

1.一种保温墙体结构,所述保温墙体包括两个墙体块和置于两个墙体块之间的保温层,其中所述墙体块具有内侧板和外侧板,多个隔断层间隔地位于内侧板和外侧板之间且与内侧板和外侧板的平面垂直,隔断层将墙体块的内部分隔成多个腔室,在外侧板靠近保温层的面上具有不规律排列的多个声音阻尼孔;其中保温层的原料按重量份包括以下组分:二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料20-28份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物5-10份、粉煤灰10份、云母粉1-3份、异氰酸酯4-6份、硅烷偶联剂3-6份、改性环氧树脂3-6份、玻璃纤维5-10份、聚氨酯2-5份、硅藻土3-4份、石墨粉1-2份、陶瓷珠粉1-3份、光稳定剂0.5-2份、抗氧剂0.1-1份、炭黑着色剂0.5份、环氧树脂分散剂0.5-1份、苯乙烯粘结剂1-2份;墙体块的原料按重量份包括以下组分:混凝土50-80份、膨胀蛭石粉10-30份、珍珠岩10-15份、铝矾土3-5份、氧化镁1-5份、氢氧化铝2-5份、氯化石蜡2-4份、硅酸铝纤维10-15份、环氧树脂3-5份、矿棉2-8份、炭黑粉4-6份、纳米TiO24-10份、改性剂1-2份、硬化剂1-2份、防水剂1-1.5份。
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