CN105381125A - 一种防治流感的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种防治流感的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种富集有效成分的白菜提取物与板蓝根、连翘、柴胡、鱼腥草、山楂、石菖蒲科学配伍的治疗流感的中药组合物，疗效显著，治愈率高，以成本低廉的白菜为主要原料，而使用白菜根时更是实现了废物利用，明显降低了流感的治疗成本，组合物口感好，无白菜自身的辛辣刺激，提高了患者的依从性，不仅适合于成年人服用，也适合于儿童服用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药领域，具体的涉及一种预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
流行性感冒简称流感，是流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道感染，传染性强，传播速度快，主要通过空气中的飞沫、人与人之间的接触或与被污染物品的接触传播，典型的症状有：起病快、畏寒、高热、全身疼痛、乏力、食欲减退和呼吸道症状，如，咽喉疼痛、干咳，偶有腹泻，颜面潮红，眼结膜外眦充血，咽部充血，软腭上有滤泡，秋冬季节是流感的高发期，由于流感引起的并发症包括细菌性肺炎、病毒性肺炎、瑞氏综合征、心肌炎、心包炎、神经系统损伤等，严重的可导致死亡。
西药对于流感一般采用抗病毒药物如金刚烷胺、甲基金刚烷胺、奥司他韦等，抑制病毒复制，减轻临床症状，但西药治疗流感的副作用比较明显，如口干、头晕、嗜睡、共济失调等神经系统症状，并且西药很容易导致耐药，从而严重制约了西药对于流感的治疗效果。中药在流感的预防和治疗中发挥了很重要的作用，用于流感的中药种类也多种多样，比较常见的中成药有感冒清热冲剂、桑菊感冒片、银翘解毒丸、蒲地兰口服液、通宣理肺、复方板蓝根冲剂等，通过抗病毒、发散风寒或疏散风热等有利于缓解流感的临床症状、预防并发症和促进流感的恢复。
通过食疗来预防和治疗流感目前也比较流行，如姜糖饮、生姜萝卜汤、银花茶、西瓜番茄汁等通过生姜等的发汗解表、清热等功效有助于流感症状的缓解。大白菜是日常最常见的蔬菜之一，使用大白菜治疗和预防流感也常有报道，如白菜根，俗称白菜疙瘩是食疗预防和治疗流感的常规选择之一，常见的如治疗流感的白菜根白糖汤，其是使用白菜根1个洗净切片、白糖少许，加水煎煮，可以清热解毒，治疗流感。中国专利CN101185523A公开了一种可用于预防和治疗感冒、发烧、支气管炎、咳嗽等的大白菜天然植物水，以大白菜为原料经清洗、破碎、榨汁，于100～105℃条件下，15秒灭酶、真空脱气方法除去白菜汁中的氧气、通过离心分离机去除大白菜汁中的固体颗粒物质，然后用超滤设备进行精密过滤于121～135℃条件下、4秒灭菌即成；中国专利CN101897759A公开了一种由贯众、连翘、甘草和白菜疙瘩组成的预防流感的中药汤剂；中国专利CN103768154A则公开了以贯仲、连翘、甘草、苏叶、白菜疙瘩为原料加水煎制而成的预防流感的中药汤剂；CN103585509A公开了一种采用白菜根与穿心莲、板蓝根、连翘、桔梗、甘草、南瓜腾、粽粑叶、绿豆皮、金银花、厚朴、苦竹叶、丝瓜花、川贝母、胖大海、甜菊叶、紫苏、马齿苋配伍的复方白菜根中药口服液，可用于治疗风热感冒、发热头痛、咳嗽、口感舌燥、咽喉疼痛等；CN104001063A公开了一种白菜根与雪里青、五味子、陈皮、竹叶、麻黄、桂枝、金银花、板蓝根、丝瓜藤、翻白草、白茅根组成的治疗感冒的中草药，对感冒引起的鼻塞、头痛、流鼻涕等症状有效。由此可见，白菜治疗感冒的作用已经越来越多的被人们所利用，但白菜单独预防和/或治疗感冒的效果往往不明显，因此多用于感冒的预防，在用于治疗感冒时往往作为辅助成分需要与其他治疗感冒的中草配伍使用。
发明内容
本发明通过提取方法的优化，富集了白菜中治疗流感的有效成分，再与其他中药配伍，明显的提高了白菜治疗流感的效果，并且去除了白菜自身的辛辣味，改善了组合物的口感，提高了组合物的患者服用依从性。
一方面，本发明提供一种预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物，其由以下重量配比的原料制备而成：白菜提取物5-10份、板蓝根3-5份、连翘1-3份、柴胡1-3份、鱼腥草1-3份、山楂1-3份、石菖蒲1-3份。
优选的预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物，由以下重量配比的原料制备而成：白菜提取物10份、板蓝根3份、连翘3份、柴胡1份、鱼腥草1份、山楂3份、石菖蒲3份；
更优选的所述白菜提取物为白菜根提取物。
所述白菜提取物由以下方法制备而成，具体的包括以下步骤：
(1)备料：白菜50份，洗净后，于100℃下蒸煮1-5分钟；
(2)提取：蒸煮后的白菜冷却至室温，粉碎后加入5-10倍30％-60％的乙醇溶液于80-90℃下蒸煮30-60分钟，蒸煮2-3次，滤液合并；
(3)浓缩：提取后的滤液减压回收乙醇至无醇味后，浓缩至25℃时1.2-1.3的清膏，即得。
优选的白菜在洗净后于100℃下蒸煮3分钟，白菜粉碎后加入8倍量的60％的乙醇于90℃下蒸煮60分钟，蒸煮2次。
另一方面，本发明提供了一种预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
(1)备料：按配方称取白菜提取物、板蓝根、连翘、柴胡、鱼腥草、山楂、石菖蒲；
(2)提取：将白菜提取物以外的原料加5-10倍的水煎煮60-90min，煎煮2-3次，滤液合并；
(3)浓缩：提取后的滤液浓缩至每1-1.5g生药/mL，得浓缩液；
(4)混合：将白菜提取物添加至浓缩液，搅拌均匀后即得本发明预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物。
优选的步骤(2)中加入10倍量的水煎煮90min，煎煮2次。
再一方面，本发明还涉及上述中药组合物在制备预防和/或治疗流行性感冒的药物中的用途。
本发明所使用的原料药中：
白菜：具有清热解毒的功效，适用于感冒发热、百日咳、咳嗽等症，
板蓝根：性味苦寒，归肝；胃经，清热，解毒，凉血，利咽；
连翘：味苦，性微寒。清热解毒，散结消肿。治热病初起，风热感冒，发热，心烦，咽喉肿痛，斑疹，丹毒，瘰疬，痈疮肿毒，急性肾炎，热淋；
柴胡：苦，微寒，归肝经、胆经。疏散退热，升阳舒肝。感冒发热、寒热往来、疟疾，肝郁气滞，胸肋胀痛，脱肛，子宫脱落，月经不调；
鱼腥草：清热解毒；排脓消痈；利尿通淋。主肺痈吐脓；痰热喘咳；喉哦；热痢；痈肿疮毒；热淋；
山楂：酸甘，微温，归脾、胃、肝经，消食健胃，行气散淤，用于肉食积滞、胃脘胀满，泻痢腹痛、瘀血闭经、产后瘀阻、心腹刺痛、疝气疼痛、高脂血症等。
石菖蒲：辛、苦、温，归心、胃经，化湿开胃，开窍豁痰，醒神益智，用于脘痞不饥、噤口下痢、神昏癫痫、健忘。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明通过优化提取方法，富集了白菜中治疗流感的有效成分，再与板蓝根、连翘、柴胡、鱼腥草、山楂、石菖蒲科学配伍，起到了清热解毒、利湿化痰、润喉止咳、消食开胃等功效，可用于流感的治疗，疗效显著，治愈率高，以成本低廉的白菜为主要原料，而使用白菜根时更是实现了废物利用，明显降低了流感的治疗成本，组合物口感好，无辛辣刺激，不仅适合成年人服用，也适合儿童服用，具有很高的患者依从性。
具体实施方式
以下实施例旨在说明本发明而不是本发明进一步的限定，本发明可以按发明内容所述的任一方式实施。
实施例1：一种白菜根提取物，其由以下方法制备，具体的包括以下步骤：
(1)备料：白菜根50份，洗净后，于100℃下蒸煮3分钟；
(2)提取：蒸煮后的白菜根冷却至室温，粉碎后加入8倍60％的乙醇溶液于90℃下蒸煮60分钟，蒸煮两次，滤液合并；
(3)浓缩：提取后的滤液减压回收乙醇至无醇味后，浓缩至25℃时1.2的清膏，即得。
实施例2：一种预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物，其由以下重量配比的原料制备而成：
实施例1制备的白菜根提取物10份、板蓝根3份、连翘3份、柴胡1份、鱼腥草1份、山楂3份、石菖蒲3份；
所述预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
(1)备料：按配方称取白菜根提取物、板蓝根、连翘、柴胡、鱼腥草、山楂、石菖蒲；
(2)提取：将白菜根提取物以外的原料加10倍的水煎煮90min，煎煮2次，滤液合并；
(3)浓缩：提取后的滤液浓缩至每1.5g生药/mL，得浓缩液；
(4)混合：将白菜根提取物添加至浓缩液，搅拌均匀后即得本发明预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物。
实施例3：一种预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物，其由以下重量配比的原料制备而成：
实施例1制备的白菜根提取物8份、板蓝根5份、连翘3份、柴胡3份、鱼腥草3份、山楂3份、石菖蒲3份；
所述预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
(1)备料：按配方称取白菜根提取物、板蓝根、连翘、柴胡、鱼腥草、山楂、石菖蒲；
(2)提取：将白菜根提取物以外的原料加8倍的水煎煮60min，煎煮3次，滤液合并；
(3)浓缩：提取后的滤液浓缩至每1.5g生药/mL，得浓缩液；
(4)混合：将白菜根提取物添加至浓缩液，搅拌均匀后即得本发明预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物。
实施例4：一种预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物，其由以下重量配比的原料制备而成：
实施例1制备的白菜根提取物5份、板蓝根5份、连翘1份、柴胡1份、鱼腥草3份、山楂3份、石菖蒲2份；
所述预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
(1)备料：按配方称取白菜根提取物、板蓝根、连翘、柴胡、鱼腥草、山楂、石菖蒲；
(2)提取：将白菜根提取物以外的原料加5倍的水煎煮90min，煎煮3次，滤液合并；
(3)浓缩：提取后的滤液浓缩至每1.5g生药/mL，得浓缩液；
(4)混合：将白菜根提取物添加至浓缩液，搅拌均匀后即得本发明预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物。
效果例：流感的防治效果
1、实验对象，体温在37℃以上，发病在两天之内的流感患者150例，其中男90例，女60例，年龄为5-60岁之间，随机分为三组，分别给予(1)本发明实施例2的预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物组，口服，一次10mL，一日三次；(2)按照专利CN103585509A具体实施方式制备得到的复方白菜根中药口服液组，口服，一次10mL，一日三次；(3)复方板蓝根冲剂组，口服，一次3g，一日三次，记录患者服药后临床症状变化和治愈时间，统计有效率。
2、疗效判断标准：
治愈：临床症状消失，体温恢复正常；
有效：临床症状缓解，体温降低；
无效：临床症状无缓解和/或加重，体温未降和/或升高；
有效率＝(治愈例数+有效例数)/50×100％
表1流感患者临床实验结果
从表1的实验结果可以看出本发明的药组合物对于流感的治愈天数明显短于复方板蓝根冲剂组，也明显短于药材味数更多的CN103585509A组，有效率也有明显的提高，表明本发明的中药组合物可以更快的缓解流感的临床症状，缩短病程，因此，适合于流感的临床治疗。
临床典型病例：
张某，男，6岁，2014年9月就诊，已发烧1天，恶寒无汗，体温37.8℃，咽干，鼻塞，有青鼻涕，就诊前服用美林退烧，但仍反复高烧，服用本发明实施例2的中药组合物2天后体温恢复正常，咽干、鼻塞、流青鼻涕的症状均明显缓解，服药3天后临床症状完全消失。
孙某，女，45岁，2015年9月就诊，已发烧2天，就诊前服用白加黑两天无效，病人恶寒无汗，浑身酸痛，体温38.2℃，咽干，咳嗽无痰，服用本发明实施例2的中药组合物3天后体温恢复正常，临床症状消失。
刘某，男，52岁，2015年4月就诊，流青鼻涕2天，咽干咳嗽，无明显恶寒，体温37.2℃，头痛、咽痛，就诊前服用板蓝根两天后症状无缓解，服用发明实施例2的中药组合物2天后临床症状消失。
本发明内容仅仅举例说明了要求保护的一些具体实施方案，其中一个或更多个技术方案中所记载的技术特征可以与任意的一个或多个技术方案相组合，这些经组合而得到的技术方案也在本申请保护范围内，就像这些经组合而得到的技术方案已经在本发明公开内容中具体记载一样。
Claims (7)
1.一种预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物，其特征在于由以下重量配比的原料制备而成：白菜提取物5-10份、板蓝根3-5份、连翘1-3份、柴胡1-3份、鱼腥草1-3份、山楂1-3份、石菖蒲1-3份；
所述的白菜提取物由以下方法制备而成，具体的包括以下步骤：
(1)备料：白菜50份，洗净后，于100℃下蒸煮1-5分钟；
(2)提取：蒸煮后的白菜冷却至室温，粉碎后加入5-10倍30％-60％的乙醇溶液于80-90℃下蒸煮30-60分钟，蒸煮2-3次，滤液合并；
(3)浓缩：提取后的滤液减压回收乙醇至无醇味后，浓缩至25℃时1.2-1.3的清膏，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物，其特征在于其由以下重量配比的原料制备而成：白菜提取物10份、板蓝根3份、连翘3份、柴胡1份、鱼腥草1份、山楂3份、石菖蒲3份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物，其特征在于白菜提取物为白菜根提取物。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物，其特征在于白菜在洗净后于100℃下蒸煮3分钟，白菜粉碎后加入8倍量的60％的乙醇于90℃下蒸煮60分钟，蒸煮2次。
5.权利要求1-4任一项所述的预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
(1)备料：按配方称取白菜提取物、板蓝根、连翘、柴胡、鱼腥草、山楂、石菖蒲；
(2)提取：将白菜提取物以外的原料加5-10倍的水煎煮60-90min，煎煮2-3次，滤液合并；
(3)浓缩：提取后的滤液浓缩至每1-1.5g生药/mL，得浓缩液；
(4)混合：将白菜提取物添加至浓缩液，搅拌均匀后即得本发明预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物的制备方法，其特征在于步骤(2)提取中加10倍的水煎煮90min，煎煮2次。
7.权利要求1-4任一项所述的预防和/或治疗流感的中药组合物在制备预防和/或治疗流行性感冒药物中的用途。
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| CN101940653A (zh) * | 2010-09-04 | 2011-01-12 | 荣成市科学技术情报研究所 | 一种治疗病毒感冒的中药 |
| CN103565877A (zh) * | 2013-07-30 | 2014-02-12 | 郝振荣 | 一种治疗流行性感冒的验方 |
| CN103585509A (zh) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-02-19 | 青岛友铭辰生物技术有限公司 | 一种复方白菜根中药口服液及其制备方法 |
| CN103768155A (zh) * | 2012-10-22 | 2014-05-07 | 杨永江 | 一种预防流感的中药汤剂 |
| CN104274537A (zh) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-01-14 | 天津药物研究院 | 一种中药组合物及其制备方法和用途 |
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| CN101940653A (zh) * | 2010-09-04 | 2011-01-12 | 荣成市科学技术情报研究所 | 一种治疗病毒感冒的中药 |
| CN103768155A (zh) * | 2012-10-22 | 2014-05-07 | 杨永江 | 一种预防流感的中药汤剂 |
| CN104274537A (zh) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-01-14 | 天津药物研究院 | 一种中药组合物及其制备方法和用途 |
| CN103565877A (zh) * | 2013-07-30 | 2014-02-12 | 郝振荣 | 一种治疗流行性感冒的验方 |
| CN103585509A (zh) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-02-19 | 青岛友铭辰生物技术有限公司 | 一种复方白菜根中药口服液及其制备方法 |
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