CN105371956A - Colorimetric mature harvesting method via flue-cured tobacco color card - Google Patents
Colorimetric mature harvesting method via flue-cured tobacco color card Download PDFInfo
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- CN105371956A CN105371956A CN201510706766.6A CN201510706766A CN105371956A CN 105371956 A CN105371956 A CN 105371956A CN 201510706766 A CN201510706766 A CN 201510706766A CN 105371956 A CN105371956 A CN 105371956A
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- tobacco
- tobacco leaf
- flue
- colorimetric
- gathering
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- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 170
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920003266 Leaf® Polymers 0.000 claims description 104
- 241000532370 Atla Species 0.000 claims description 40
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000037805 labour Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000002189 macula lutea Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010036590 Premature baby Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/52—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using colour charts
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/29—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using visual detection
- G01N21/293—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using visual detection with colour charts, graduated scales or turrets
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a colorimetric mature harvesting method via a flue-cured tobacco color card. A mature harvesting color card with maturity reference color grades and color bands of fresh tobacco leaves of the flue-cured tobacco and suitable for fresh tobacco leaves of different portions is designed according to the appearance features of the different portions of tobacco leaves in the maturation process and an instrument detection method, and the flue-cured tobacco color card is provided with the maturity range of the different portions of the fresh tobaccos suitable for harvesting and corresponding color bands and grades. During use, the color of a fresh tobacco leaf of a tobacco plant to be harvested is metered to determine the maturity state of tobacco leaves in the land as well as the amount of leaves suitable for harvesting per plant of the land; and the color of the harvested fresh tobacco leave can be also metered to evaluate the maturity degree of the harvested tobacco leaves, so that the harvesting amount and time can be adjusted. The method is more suitable for flue-cured tobacco maturation harvesting under scaled production and dense baking, and can be used to reduce the harvesting frequency. The color card is high in colorimetric accuracy and convenient to carry and operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ripe picking and roasting technology of flue-cured tobacco, be specifically related to the ripe collecting method of a kind of flue-cured tobacco colour atla colorimetric.
Background technology
In cured tobacco leaf maturation, main manifestations goes out following characteristics: tobacco leaf falls Huang (color is by green flavescence), and lower tobacco leaf starts chlorisis, and not obvious macula lutea appears in middle part tobacco surface, and upper tobacco leaf blade face occurs obviously becoming block projection macula lutea; Blade face and vein shinny, middle and upper part tobacco leaf master pulse turns white; Cauline leaf angle strengthens, and blade face fine hair comes off, and is rich in gloss, and middle and upper part tobacco surface sends out wrinkle.
Tobacco leaf picking, usually according to the principle of " how ripe to adopt more, ripely to adopt less less, not yet done do not adopt ", is accomplished rawly not adopt, ripely not to be lost.The collecting method carried out in producing in recent years mainly contains two kinds: (1) different parts tobacco leaf is gathered by differing maturity requirement, and namely inferior leads is still ripe gathers, and middle leaf maturation is gathered, the abundant ripe collecting method of upper leaf; To gather 2 ~ 3, tobacco leaf at every turn.(2) " two stop one bakes " collecting method, namely lower tobacco leaf (lower two canopy leaves) is adopted roasting complete, stops roasting 7d ~ 10d and adopts middle part tobacco leaf again; Middle part tobacco leaf picking has been baked, and stops roasting 10d ~ 15d and starts to adopt upper tobacco leaf again.Gather 2 ~ 3, tobacco leaf, upper tobacco leaf 4 ~ 6 is disposable gathers at every turn.Above-mentioned tobacco leaf picking method plants cigarette small scale tobacco grower, judge the condition that Maturity of Tobacco Leaf is skilled under can correctly implement.But; under flue-cured tobacco large-scale production, dense drying condition; the tobacco leaf quantity that flue-cured tobacco one-step is gathered is larger; the tobacco leaf of a bulk curing barn of gathering needs to employ 10 ~ 13 labours; because the technical ability of labour in the judgement of tobacco leaf mature characteristic employed in tobacco leaf of gathering is uneven; not yet done or the overdone phenomenon of different parts tobacco leaf picking is very general, and the gather qualification rate of tobacco leaf of maturation is lower, easily causes the decline of baking tobacco leaves quality.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the colour atla colorimetric method that the accurate maturation of cured tobacco leaf is gathered, to solve the poor problem of the ripe tobacco leaf qualification rate of gathering of tobacco grower, improve tobacco leaf picking degree of ripeness, thus improve baking quality of tobacco.Inventor after deliberation, indicate the degree of ripeness scope that flue-cured tobacco different parts tobacco leaf maturation is gathered suitable, lower tobacco leaf harvest maturity scope is still ripe in ripe, and middle part tobacco leaf picking degree of ripeness scope is ripe to complete ripeness, and upper tobacco leaf harvest maturity scope is that complete ripeness is to ripe.Namely requirement of gathering is met when the ratio of harvest maturity area requirement normal in the tobacco leaf gathered in field reaches more than 85%.Inventor after deliberation, according to flue-cured tobacco maturation different parts Maturity of Tobacco Leaf external appearance characteristic and instrument detection method, develops the ripe collecting method of a kind of flue-cured tobacco colour atla colorimetric, accurately can judge the degree of ripeness of field tobacco leaf, instruct the collecting method that tobacco grower is correct.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows.
The ripe collecting method of a kind of flue-cured tobacco colour atla colorimetric, develop the suitable maturation of fresh tobacco leaf of flue-cured tobacco degree of ripeness standard colors level, colour band and different parts fresh tobacco leaf according to flue-cured tobacco different parts tobacco leaf maturation external appearance characteristic and instrument detection method to gather colour atla, described flue-cured tobacco colour atla is designed with different parts and is suitable for gathering the degree of ripeness scope of fresh tobacco leaf and the look level of correspondence and colour band.The present invention in use, can carry out colorimetric to the fresh tobacco leaf of cigarette strain of gathering in advance, judge land for growing field crops tobacco leaf mature condition, determines that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco individual plant is suitable for the number of sheets of gathering; The fresh tobacco leaf can gathered to land for growing field crops carries out colorimetric, evaluates the degree of ripeness height of fresh tobacco leaf of gathering, to adjust the gather number of sheets or collecting time.
Further, said method is specially, and according to the color change process of fresh tobacco leaf by green flavescence, be designed to corresponding 10 the look levels of 10 colour bands, 10 look levels express the colour band of tobacco leaf by green flavescence and the degree of ripeness of fresh tobacco leaf; Above-mentioned flue-cured tobacco colour atla comprises the standard colors level of 1 cover fresh tobacco leaf of flue-cured tobacco, colour band and 3 colorimetric colour atlas, 3 colorimetric colour atlas corresponding flue-cured tobacco lower tobacco leaf, middle part tobacco leaf and upper tobacco leafs respectively; Every 1 colour atla comprises 3 look level scopes of 3 colour bands and correspondence; Above-mentioned different parts Maturity of Tobacco Leaf colour atla is PVC color printing version.
Further, above-mentioned flue-cured tobacco colour atla is utilized to carry out colorimetric ripe collecting method step specific as follows:
(1) before tobacco leaf of gathering, application colour atla carries out colorimetric to field tobacco leaf of gathering in advance at random, is considered as tobacco leaf of can gathering, determines the individual plant mature leaf number of land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco and the quantity of tobacco leaf of can gathering with this within the look level of tobacco leaf color at colour atla of gathering in advance;
(2) before tobacco leaf of gathering, carry out colorimetric by the flue-cured tobacco individual plant number of sheets 3 ~ 5 field 5 strain tobacco leaf of gathering at random of gathering in advance, when adopt under blade in the number of blade ratio met within corresponding position colour atla look level reach more than 90% and be considered as meeting maturation and gather requirement.
This beneficial effect of the invention is: the ripe collecting method of a kind of flue-cured tobacco colour atla colorimetric of the present invention; " how ripe to adopt more, lack and ripely to adopt less, not yet donely not adopt " Measures compare with tradition; the flue-cured tobacco maturation be more suitable under flue-cured tobacco large-scale production, dense drying condition is gathered, and what be specially adapted to minimizing tobacco harvesting number of times simplifies collecting method.Flue-cured tobacco colour atla colorimetric provided by the present invention accuracy is high, is easy to carry, easy to operate.The ripe collecting method of a kind of flue-cured tobacco colour atla colorimetric of the present invention, the flue-cured tobacco maturation be applicable under flue-cured tobacco large-scale production, dense drying condition is gathered, and what be specially adapted to minimizing tobacco harvesting number of times simplifies collecting method.Flue-cured tobacco colour atla provided by the present invention accuracy is high, and cost is lower, be easy to carry, easy to operate.The ripe collecting method of a kind of flue-cured tobacco colour atla colorimetric of the present invention, its advantage is: before gathering in advance, first apply colour atla colorimetric, accurate judgement flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops individual plant picking leaves quantity, tobacco grower is instructed to gather by the quota number of blade, both the error in judgement of tobacco grower to tobacco leaf mature characteristic can have been reduced, can guarantee again to gather the raising of Maturity of Tobacco Leaf in flue-cured tobacco field, reach the object of simplifying and gathering.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is standard colors level, the colour band rough schematic of the fresh tobacco leaf of flue-cured tobacco in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the different parts fresh tobacco leaf in the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for ripe recovering range colour atla schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the standard colors level of fresh tobacco leaf of flue-cured tobacco, the colored schematic diagram of colour band in the embodiment of the present invention
Description of symbols in figure: 1, colour atla panel support end; 2, position card; 3, the first colour band; 4, the second colour band; 5, the 3rd colour band; 6, the first look level; 7, the second look level; 8, the 3rd look level.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described, better to understand the present invention.
embodiment 1
Normal low tobacco leaf maturation is gathered colorimetric method, and concrete steps are:
(1) select lower tobacco leaf maturation to gather colour atla, with reference to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, before gathering, the fresh tobacco leaf of hand-held colour atla to cigarette strain of gathering in advance carries out colorimetric; First colour band 3, second colour band 4, the 3rd colour band 5 corresponding first look level 6, second look level 7, the 3rd look level 8 respectively.
(2) hand-held colour atla panel support end 1, contrasts with the fresh tobacco leaf yellowing degree at position of gathering in advance in selective gist colour atla from position card 2.
(3) when the fresh tobacco leaf flavescence color of gathering in advance is between the first colour band 3, second colour band 4, the 3rd colour band 5, show that tobacco leaf is ripe; When the fresh tobacco leaf flavescence color of gathering in advance is lower than the first colour band 3, show tobacco leaf prematurity; When the fresh tobacco leaf flavescence color of gathering in advance is higher than the 3rd colour band 5, show that tobacco leaf is overdone, specifically see the colour picture in Fig. 3;
(4) by colorimetric, determine that blade tobacco leaf color being greater than to the first colour band more than 3 is gathered, determine that individual plant can adopt the quantity (sheet number) of tobacco leaf.
embodiment 2
Normal upper tobacco leaf harvest maturity colorimetric method, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) select upper tobacco leaf maturation to gather colour atla, with reference to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, before gathering in land for growing field crops, field 5 strain of gathering at random is gathered tobacco leaf in advance, by colour atla respectively with adopt under fresh tobacco leaf carry out colorimetric.First colour band 3, second colour band 4, the 3rd colour band 5 corresponding first look level 6, second look level 7, the 3rd look level 8 respectively.
(2) record 5 strain tobacco leaves adopt under tobacco leaf sum, when the fresh tobacco leaf ratio of flavescence color between the first colour band 3, second colour band 4, the 3rd colour band 5 is greater than 90%, show that adopted Maturity of Tobacco Leaf meets requirement of gathering.
(3) when flavescence color is greater than 10% lower than the fresh tobacco leaf ratio of the first colour band 3, show that adopted Maturity of Tobacco Leaf is inadequate, should collecting time be extended; When flavescence color is greater than 10% higher than the fresh tobacco leaf ratio of the 3rd colour band 5, shows that adopted Maturity of Tobacco Leaf is too high, should gather in time; Specifically see the colour picture in Fig. 3.
(4) by colorimetric, evaluate the height of land for growing field crops Maturity of Tobacco Leaf, determine that flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops individual plant can adopt the quantity (sheet number) of tobacco leaf.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the ripe collecting method of flue-cured tobacco colour atla colorimetric, it is characterized in that: develop the suitable maturation of fresh tobacco leaf of flue-cured tobacco degree of ripeness standard colors level, colour band and different parts fresh tobacco leaf according to flue-cured tobacco different parts tobacco leaf maturation external appearance characteristic and instrument detection method and to gather colour atla, flue-cured tobacco colour atla is designed with different parts and is suitable for gathering the degree of ripeness scope of fresh tobacco leaf and the look level of correspondence and colour band; In use, colorimetric is carried out to the fresh tobacco leaf of cigarette strain of gathering in advance, judge land for growing field crops tobacco leaf mature condition, determine that land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco individual plant is suitable for the number of sheets of gathering; Colorimetric is carried out to the fresh tobacco leaf gathered in land for growing field crops, evaluates the degree of ripeness height of fresh tobacco leaf of gathering, to adjust the gather number of sheets or collecting time.
2. the ripe collecting method of flue-cured tobacco colour atla colorimetric according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said method is specially, according to the color change process of fresh tobacco leaf by green flavescence, be designed to corresponding 10 the look levels of 10 colour bands, 10 look levels express the colour band of tobacco leaf by green flavescence and the degree of ripeness of fresh tobacco leaf; Above-mentioned flue-cured tobacco colour atla comprises the standard colors level of 1 cover fresh tobacco leaf of flue-cured tobacco, colour band and 3 colorimetric colour atlas, 3 colorimetric colour atlas corresponding flue-cured tobacco lower tobacco leaf, middle part tobacco leaf and upper tobacco leafs respectively; Every 1 colour atla comprises 3 look level scopes of 3 colour bands and correspondence; Above-mentioned different parts Maturity of Tobacco Leaf colour atla is PVC color printing version.
3. the ripe collecting method of flue-cured tobacco colour atla colorimetric according to claim 2, is characterized in that: utilize above-mentioned flue-cured tobacco colour atla to carry out the ripe collecting method step of colorimetric specific as follows:
(1) before tobacco leaf of gathering, application colour atla carries out colorimetric to field tobacco leaf of gathering in advance at random, is considered as tobacco leaf of can gathering, determines the individual plant mature leaf number of land for growing field crops flue-cured tobacco and the quantity of tobacco leaf of can gathering with this within the look level of tobacco leaf color at colour atla of gathering in advance;
(2) before tobacco leaf of gathering, carry out colorimetric by the flue-cured tobacco individual plant number of sheets 3 ~ 5 field 5 strain tobacco leaf of gathering at random of gathering in advance, when adopt under blade in the number of blade ratio met within corresponding position colour atla look level reach more than 90% and be considered as meeting maturation and gather requirement.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510706766.6A CN105371956A (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | Colorimetric mature harvesting method via flue-cured tobacco color card |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510706766.6A CN105371956A (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | Colorimetric mature harvesting method via flue-cured tobacco color card |
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| CN105371956A true CN105371956A (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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| CN201510706766.6A Pending CN105371956A (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | Colorimetric mature harvesting method via flue-cured tobacco color card |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105723934A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-06 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Simplified mature flue-cured tobacco harvesting method |
| CN106501185A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | A kind of method for rapidly judging of ripe cured tobacco leaf |
| CN108120802A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-06-05 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of Maturity of Flue-cured Tobacco field investigation quantitative forecasting technique for being used to determine tobacco leaf suitable collection period |
| CN109374538A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-22 | 沈阳农业大学 | A kind of colorimetric card determining Blueberry maturity grade |
| CN110337916A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-18 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Color method is distinguished in a kind of red big kind maturation harvesting of flue-cured tobacco |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN108120802A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-06-05 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of Maturity of Flue-cured Tobacco field investigation quantitative forecasting technique for being used to determine tobacco leaf suitable collection period |
| CN109374538A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-22 | 沈阳农业大学 | A kind of colorimetric card determining Blueberry maturity grade |
| CN110337916A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-18 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Color method is distinguished in a kind of red big kind maturation harvesting of flue-cured tobacco |
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Application publication date: 20160302 |