CN105370553B - Well plunger - Google Patents

Well plunger Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105370553B
CN105370553B CN201410426075.6A CN201410426075A CN105370553B CN 105370553 B CN105370553 B CN 105370553B CN 201410426075 A CN201410426075 A CN 201410426075A CN 105370553 B CN105370553 B CN 105370553B
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China
Prior art keywords
plunger
voltage
controlled
well
unblock
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CN201410426075.6A
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CN105370553A (en
Inventor
王丽娜
刘立军
吴刚
杜泽宏
李佳峰
杨奇
杨永祥
刘宜贵
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201410426075.6A priority Critical patent/CN105370553B/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses a well plunger, and belongs to the technical field of oil exploitation. The well plug comprises: a pressure-controlled unlocking plunger, a steel wire throwing and fishing type inserting sealing working barrel and a wellhead plunger catcher; the wellhead plunger catcher is positioned at a wellhead and positioned above the pressure-controlled unlocking plunger; when the pressure-controlled unlocking plunger falls into the steel wire throwing and fishing type sealing working barrel, the pressure-controlled unlocking plunger is connected with the steel wire throwing and fishing type inserting sealing working barrel in a hanging mode to form sealing; the pressure-controlled unlocking plunger is separated from the wellhead plunger catcher, and the wellhead plunger catcher is separated from the steel wire throwing and fishing type inserting sealing working barrel; when the upper and lower pressure difference value of the pressure-controlled unlocking plunger is greater than the preset value, the pressure-controlled unlocking plunger is separated from the steel wire throwing and fishing type inserting sealing working barrel; when the pressure-controlled unlocking plunger is located at the wellhead position, the pressure-controlled unlocking plunger is connected with the wellhead plunger catcher. The invention forms sealing by hanging the plunger piston and the sealing working barrel, so that gas can be accumulated under the plunger piston to form enough lifting force. Therefore, the efficiency of effusion discharge is higher.

Description

Well plunger
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of petroleum extraction, more particularly to a kind of well plunger.
Background technology
At present in low-voltage and low-yield oil-gas field development, when gas yield is relatively low or during more liquid, gas cannot will be substantial amounts of Liquid is lifted to ground, will form the hydrops of certain altitude in shaft bottom, so as to reduce gas well deliverability until stop-spraying, it is therefore desirable to Hydrops in well is discharged in time.And it is a kind of effective settling mode that the activity for passing through well plunger to hydrops discharge.Due to well The structural relation of plunger to discharge opeing efficiency, therefore, how planned well plunger be improve discharge opeing efficiency key.
A kind of well plunger is provided in correlation technique, the well plunger includes plunger and pit shaft.Wherein, plunger is located in the wellbore There is certain interval between tubing wall in free state, plunger and pit shaft, so as to plunger can be moved up and down in the wellbore. Drive plunger up in the wellbore by the pressure produced by the gas below plunger, so as to be discharged when plunger goes upward to well head The hydrops that plunger top is lifted.
Realize it is of the invention during, inventor find the above method at least there is problems with:
Because the pressure when discharge opeing is carried out, it is necessary to as produced by the gas below plunger drives plunger up, and in post The hydrops that discharge plunger top is lifted when plug goes upward to well head.And it is certain due to existing between the tubing wall in plunger and pit shaft Gap, therefore, the gas below plunger can diffuse to the top of plunger, cause the gas pressure below plunger to be not enough to drive post Plug goes upward to well head, and the hydrops that plunger is lifted can drop down onto plunger lower section by gap, so that hydrops discharge failure.Cause This, it is inefficient that hydrops is discharged.
The content of the invention
In order to solve problem of the prior art, a kind of well plunger is the embodiment of the invention provides.The technical scheme is as follows:
First aspect, there is provided a kind of well plunger, the well plunger includes:Voltage-controlled unblock plunger, the insertion of wire Launching and Bailing formula Seal operation cylinder and well head plunger catcher;
The well head plunger catcher is located at well head, and on the voltage-controlled unblock plunger;
After the voltage-controlled unblock plunger falls into the wire Launching and Bailing formula seal operation cylinder, voltage-controlled unblock plunger and the institute The insertion seal operation cylinder mounting of wire Launching and Bailing formula is stated, sealing is formed;Voltage-controlled unblock plunger and the well head plunger catcher Separate, the well head plunger catcher is separated with wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder;
After the upper and lower pressure difference of the voltage-controlled unblock plunger is more than preset value, the voltage-controlled unblock plunger is thrown with the steel wire Formula insertion seal operation cylinder is dragged for separate;
When the voltage-controlled unblock plunger is located at pithead position, voltage-controlled unblock plunger and the well head plunger catcher Connection.
With reference in a first aspect, in the first possible implementation of first aspect, the voltage-controlled unblock plunger includes Plunger barrel and voltage-controlled elastic claw;
The plunger barrel is connected with the voltage-controlled elastic claw;
After the voltage-controlled unblock plunger falls into the wire Launching and Bailing formula seal operation cylinder, voltage-controlled unblock plunger and the institute Wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder is stated to be mounted by the voltage-controlled elastic claw.
With reference to the first possible implementation of first aspect, in second possible implementation of first aspect In, screw thread is provided with the plunger barrel and the voltage-controlled elastic claw, the plunger barrel is with the voltage-controlled elastic claw by described Screw thread is connected with each other.
With reference to the first possible implementation of first aspect, in the third possible implementation of first aspect In, salvaging inside groove and bypass flowing hole are provided with the plunger barrel, the plunger barrel is internally provided with by-pass governing piston;
In downhole closing, the by-pass governing piston is moved along the plunger barrel, makes the bypass excessively stream bore closure;
When the voltage-controlled unblock plunger reaches well head, the by-pass governing piston is moved down along the plunger barrel, is made described Bypass flowing hole is opened.
With reference to the third possible implementation of first aspect, in the 4th kind of possible implementation of first aspect In, the bypass flowing hole is identical with the quantity of the by-pass governing piston.
With reference to the third possible implementation of first aspect, in the 5th kind of possible implementation of first aspect In, the first superhard seal is installed on the by-pass governing piston.
With reference to possible implementation in any in the 5th kind of possible implementation of first aspect to first aspect, In 6th kind of possible implementation of first aspect, wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder includes buffering packing element, the Two superhard seals and tight connecting seat;
The buffering packing element is connected with the tight connecting seat, and the tight connecting seat connects with the described second superhard seal Connect.
With reference to the 6th kind of possible implementation of first aspect, in the 7th kind of possible implementation of first aspect In, the bottom of the buffering packing element is connected with the top of the tight connecting seat by outside insertion.
With reference to the 6th kind of possible implementation of first aspect, in the 8th kind of possible implementation of first aspect In, the tight connecting seat is provided with pawl button;
In downhole closing, the tight voltage-controlled elastic claw of the pawl padlock;
When underground drives a well, the pawl button is separated with the voltage-controlled elastic claw.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme provided in an embodiment of the present invention is brought is:
Seal operation cylinder mounting is inserted by voltage-controlled unblock plunger and wire Launching and Bailing formula, sealing is formed, so as to by post Plug lifting hydrops with before discharging hydrops, plunger lower section can accumulated gas to form sufficiently large lifting force, and then after being easy to Continuous discharge opeing.Therefore, the efficiency of hydrops discharge is higher.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be to that will make needed for embodiment description Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the well plunger according to an exemplary embodiment;
Fig. 2 is a kind of generalized section of the well plunger according to another exemplary embodiment.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to embodiment party of the present invention Formula is described in further detail.
Because pressure of the correlation technique when hydrops in well is discharged, it is necessary to as produced by the gas below plunger drives plunger It is up, and the hydrops lifted above plunger is discharged when plunger goes upward to well head.And due to the tubing wall in plunger and pit shaft Between there is certain interval, therefore, the gas below plunger can diffuse to the top of plunger, cause the gas pressure below plunger It is not enough to drive plunger to go upward to well head, and the hydrops that plunger is lifted can drop down onto plunger lower section by gap, so that product Liquid discharge failure.Therefore, hydrops discharge is inefficient.
In order to prevent above-mentioned situation, a kind of well plunger is the embodiment of the invention provides, Fig. 1 is according to an exemplary embodiment The structural representation of a kind of well plunger for showing, as shown in figure 1, the well plunger includes:Voltage-controlled unblock plunger, wire Launching and Bailing formula is inserted Enter seal operation cylinder and well head plunger catcher;
Well head plunger catcher is located at well head, and on voltage-controlled unblock plunger;
After voltage-controlled unblock plunger falls into wire Launching and Bailing formula seal operation cylinder, voltage-controlled unblock plunger is inserted with wire Launching and Bailing formula Seal operation cylinder mounting, forms sealing;Voltage-controlled unblock plunger is separated with well head plunger catcher, well head plunger catcher and steel wire Retrievable type insertion seal operation cylinder is separated;
After the upper and lower pressure difference of voltage-controlled unblock plunger is more than preset value, voltage-controlled unblock plunger inserts sealing with wire Launching and Bailing formula Seating nipple is separated;
When voltage-controlled unblock plunger is located at pithead position, voltage-controlled unblock plunger is connected with well head plunger catcher.
Well plunger provided in an embodiment of the present invention, inserts seal operation cylinder and hangs by voltage-controlled unblock plunger and wire Launching and Bailing formula Connect, form sealing, so as to by Plunger Lift hydrops with before discharging hydrops, plunger lower section can accumulated gas forming foot Enough big lifting forces, and then it is easy to follow-up discharge opeing.Therefore, the efficiency of hydrops discharge is higher.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the well plunger according to an exemplary embodiment, as shown in figure 1, the well post Plug includes:Voltage-controlled unblock plunger, wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder and well head plunger catcher.
Well head plunger catcher is located at well head, and on voltage-controlled unblock plunger;
Well plunger under different working conditions, the connection of the annexation and component internal part of well plunger body component Relation is different.Now to well plunger under different working conditions, the annexation and component internal zero of well plunger body component The annexation of part is illustrated, and particular content is as follows:
The first annexation:After voltage-controlled unblock plunger falls into wire Launching and Bailing formula seal operation cylinder, voltage-controlled unblock plunger With the insertion seal operation cylinder mounting of wire Launching and Bailing formula, sealing is formed;Voltage-controlled unblock plunger is separated with well head plunger catcher, well head Plunger catcher is separated with wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder;
Now well plunger is in closing well working condition.
Used as a kind of alternative embodiment, voltage-controlled unblock plunger includes plunger barrel 101 and voltage-controlled elastic claw 102;
Plunger barrel 101 is connected with voltage-controlled elastic claw 102;
After voltage-controlled unblock plunger falls into wire Launching and Bailing formula seal operation cylinder, voltage-controlled unblock plunger is inserted with wire Launching and Bailing formula Seal operation cylinder is mounted by voltage-controlled elastic claw 102.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, screw thread, plunger barrel 101 and pressure are provided with plunger barrel 101 and voltage-controlled elastic claw 102 Control elastic claw 102 is connected with each other by screw thread.
For example, the bottom of plunger barrel 101 is settable internal thread, the top of voltage-controlled elastic claw 102 is settable external screw thread, passes through The external screw thread of the internal thread of plunger barrel 101 and voltage-controlled elastic claw 102 can be realized between plunger barrel 101 and voltage-controlled elastic claw 102 Connection.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, salvaging inside groove 103 and bypass flowing hole 104, plunger barrel are provided with plunger barrel 101 101 are internally provided with by-pass governing piston 105;
In downhole closing, by-pass governing piston 105 is moved along plunger barrel 101, closes bypass flowing hole 104;
Wherein, inside groove 103 is salvaged to can be used for when voltage-controlled unblock plunger hinders can not normally go up to well head for some reason, to voltage-controlled Unblock plunger is salvaged, and the present embodiment is not especially limited to this.
Used as a kind of alternative embodiment, bypass flowing hole 104 is identical with the quantity of by-pass governing piston 105.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, the first superhard seal 106 is installed on by-pass governing piston.
Used as a kind of alternative embodiment, wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder includes that buffering packing element 107, second is superhard close Sealing 108 and tight connecting seat 109;
Buffering packing element 107 is connected with tight connecting seat 109, and tight connecting seat 109 is connected with the second superhard seal 108.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, the bottom of packing element 107 is buffered with the top of tight connecting seat 109 by outside embedded Connection.
Used as a kind of alternative embodiment, tight connecting seat 109 is provided with pawl button 110;
In downhole closing, pawl button 110 locks voltage-controlled elastic claw 102.
Under the first annexation, the concrete operating principle of well plunger is as follows:The voltage-controlled unblock buffered packing element 107 of plunger Wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder is fallen into after damping.Because voltage-controlled unblock plunger bottom is provided with voltage-controlled elastic claw 102, and Wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder top is provided with tight connecting seat 109, the voltage-controlled elastic claw 102 on voltage-controlled unblock plunger Can be mounted with tight connecting seat 109 due to downward inertia, it is empty so as to sealing can be formed from space below voltage-controlled unblock plunger Between.Now, equivalent to realizing downhole closing.
Second annexation:After the upper and lower pressure difference of voltage-controlled unblock plunger is more than preset value, voltage-controlled unblock plunger and steel Silk retrievable type insertion seal operation cylinder is separated;When voltage-controlled unblock plunger is located at pithead position, voltage-controlled unblock plunger and well head post Plug catcher connection.
Now well plunger is in the working condition that drives a well.
Used as a kind of alternative embodiment, plunger barrel 101 is connected with voltage-controlled elastic claw 102;
As a kind of alternative embodiment, screw thread, plunger barrel 101 and pressure are provided with plunger barrel 101 and voltage-controlled elastic claw 102 Control elastic claw 102 is connected with each other by screw thread.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, salvaging inside groove 103 and bypass flowing hole 104, plunger barrel are provided with plunger barrel 101 101 are internally provided with by-pass governing piston 105;
When voltage-controlled unblock plunger reaches well head, by-pass governing piston 105 is moved down along plunger barrel 101, makes bypass flowing hole 104 open.
Used as a kind of alternative embodiment, bypass flowing hole 104 is identical with the quantity of by-pass governing piston 105.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, the first superhard seal 106 is installed on by-pass governing piston.
Used as a kind of alternative embodiment, wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder includes that buffering packing element 107, second is superhard close Sealing 108 and tight connecting seat 109;
Buffering packing element 107 is connected with tight connecting seat 109, and tight connecting seat 109 is connected with the second superhard seal 108.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, the bottom of packing element 107 is buffered with the top of tight connecting seat 109 by outside embedded Connection.
Under second annexation, the concrete operating principle of well plunger is as follows:In the first annexation, voltage-controlled solution After lock voltage-controlled elastic claw 102 beyond the Great Wall is mounted due to downward inertia with tight connecting seat 109, below voltage-controlled unblock plunger Space can form sealing space.When gas is assembled in sealing space, the pressure in the sealing space of voltage-controlled unblock plunger lower section Can be with the pressure initiation pressure difference above voltage-controlled unblock plunger.It is voltage-controlled when the upper and lower pressure difference of voltage-controlled unblock plunger is more than preset value Voltage-controlled elastic claw 102 on unblock plunger can be separated with the pawl button 110 on tight connecting seat 109, so that voltage-controlled unblock plunger Realize and separated with wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder.Now, drive a well equivalent to realizing underground.Wherein, preset value is Be it is voltage-controlled unblock plunger unblock pressure difference, unblock pressure difference can according to demand by adjust voltage-controlled elastic claw 102 elasticity and tooth form The angle at angle is controlled, and the present embodiment is not especially limited to this.
It is voltage-controlled to unlock the front lower of plunger after being separated with wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder due to voltage-controlled unblock plunger Pressure in square sealing space can be converted into the motive force for promoting voltage-controlled unblock plunger to move up.Now, voltage-controlled unblock plunger Can quickly move up.Wherein, when being moved up due to voltage-controlled unblock plunger, in the plunger barrel 101 in voltage-controlled unblock plunger By-pass governing piston 105 is located in bypass flowing hole 104, that is, bypassing flowing hole 104 can be plugged.Now, plunger barrel is about 101 Not gas penetration.Therefore, voltage-controlled unblock plunger can ask the hydrops on top promptly to reach well head, so as to discharge product Liquid.
When voltage-controlled unblock plunger reaches well head, because well head is provided with well head plunger catcher, caught by well head plunger Catching the push rod at the top of device can push the by-pass governing piston 105 inside the plunger barrel 101 of voltage-controlled unblock plunger, make by-pass governing Piston 105 is moved down along plunger barrel 101, so as to allow bypass flowing hole 104 to open.Can shape by upper and lower two bypass flowing holes 104 Into flow channels, there can be gas penetration about 101 so as to allow the plunger barrel of voltage-controlled unblock plunger.By said process, voltage-controlled solution Lock plug successfully can again reach shaft bottom, and again with wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder mounting to discharge next time Hydrops.
It should be noted that in above two annexation, well plunger can also include flow controller 111, upper slipses 112nd, cartridge 113 and lower slipses 114, specific annexation refer to Fig. 1, and the present embodiment is not especially limited to this.
In addition, the generalized section of well plunger can be as shown in Figure 2.
Well plunger provided in an embodiment of the present invention, inserts seal operation cylinder and hangs by voltage-controlled unblock plunger and wire Launching and Bailing formula Connect, form sealing, so as to by Plunger Lift hydrops with before discharging hydrops, plunger lower section can accumulated gas forming foot Enough big lifting forces, and then it is easy to follow-up discharge opeing.Therefore, the efficiency of hydrops discharge is higher.
Those skilled in the art considering specification and after putting into practice invention disclosed herein, will readily occur to it is of the invention its Its embodiment.The application is intended to any modification of the invention, purposes or adaptations, these modifications, purposes or Person's adaptations follow general principle of the invention and including undocumented common knowledge in the art of the invention Or conventional techniques.Description and embodiments are considered only as exemplary, and true scope and spirit of the invention are by following Claim is pointed out.
It should be appreciated that the invention is not limited in the precision architecture being described above and be shown in the drawings, and And can without departing from the scope carry out various modifications and changes.The scope of the present invention is only limited by appended claim.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of well plunger, it is characterised in that the well plunger includes:Voltage-controlled unblock plunger, wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion sealing work Make cylinder and well head plunger catcher;
The well head plunger catcher is located at well head, and on the voltage-controlled unblock plunger;
After the voltage-controlled unblock plunger falls into the wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder, voltage-controlled unblock plunger and the institute The insertion seal operation cylinder mounting of wire Launching and Bailing formula is stated, sealing is formed;Voltage-controlled unblock plunger and the well head plunger catcher Separate, the well head plunger catcher is separated with wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder;
After the upper and lower pressure difference of the voltage-controlled unblock plunger is more than preset value, voltage-controlled unblock plunger and the wire Launching and Bailing formula Insertion seal operation cylinder is separated;
When the voltage-controlled unblock plunger is located at pithead position, the voltage-controlled unblock plunger connects with the well head plunger catcher Connect.
2. well plunger according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the voltage-controlled unblock plunger includes plunger barrel and voltage-controlled bullet Property pawl;
The plunger barrel is connected with the voltage-controlled elastic claw;
After the voltage-controlled unblock plunger falls into the wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder, voltage-controlled unblock plunger and the institute Wire Launching and Bailing formula insertion seal operation cylinder is stated to be mounted by the voltage-controlled elastic claw.
3. well plunger according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be provided with the plunger barrel and the voltage-controlled elastic claw Screw thread, the plunger barrel is connected with each other with the voltage-controlled elastic claw by the screw thread.
4. well plunger according to claim 2, it is characterised in that salvaging inside groove is provided with the plunger barrel and side passes through Discharge orifice, the plunger barrel is internally provided with by-pass governing piston;
In downhole closing, the by-pass governing piston is moved along the plunger barrel, makes the bypass excessively stream bore closure;
When the voltage-controlled unblock plunger reaches well head, the by-pass governing piston is moved down along the plunger barrel, makes the bypass Flowing hole is opened.
5. well plunger according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the bypass flowing hole and the by-pass governing piston Quantity is identical.
6. well plunger according to claim 4, it is characterised in that be provided with first on the by-pass governing piston superhard close Sealing.
7. the well plunger according to any claim in claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that the wire Launching and Bailing formula is inserted Entering seal operation cylinder includes buffering packing element, the second superhard seal and tight connecting seat;
The buffering packing element is connected with the tight connecting seat, and the tight connecting seat is connected with the described second superhard seal.
8. well plunger according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the bottom of the buffering packing element and the tight connecting seat Top by outside embedded connection.
9. well plunger according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the voltage-controlled unblock plunger includes plunger barrel and voltage-controlled bullet Property pawl, the tight connecting seat is provided with pawl button;
In downhole closing, the tight voltage-controlled elastic claw of the pawl padlock;
When underground drives a well, the pawl button is separated with the voltage-controlled elastic claw.
CN201410426075.6A 2014-08-26 2014-08-26 Well plunger Active CN105370553B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107558961B (en) * 2016-06-30 2019-09-06 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Underground throttle

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EP2085572A2 (en) * 2008-01-25 2009-08-05 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Plunger lift system for well
CN103133340A (en) * 2011-11-25 2013-06-05 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Automatic liquid-discharging plunger for gas well
CN203214016U (en) * 2013-03-11 2013-09-25 盐城市鑫源石化机械有限公司 Plunger lifting system
CN204113603U (en) * 2014-08-26 2015-01-21 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Well plunger

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US8485263B2 (en) * 2010-10-04 2013-07-16 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Multi-sleeve plunger for plunger lift system
CA2764651C (en) * 2011-01-14 2019-04-23 Well Master Corporation Plunger lift control system arrangement

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2924077Y (en) * 2006-06-06 2007-07-18 中国石油化工股份有限公司中原油田分公司采油工程技术研究院 Liquid-discharging gas-producing plunger
EP2085572A2 (en) * 2008-01-25 2009-08-05 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Plunger lift system for well
CN103133340A (en) * 2011-11-25 2013-06-05 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Automatic liquid-discharging plunger for gas well
CN203214016U (en) * 2013-03-11 2013-09-25 盐城市鑫源石化机械有限公司 Plunger lifting system
CN204113603U (en) * 2014-08-26 2015-01-21 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Well plunger

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