CN105364029A - Thick-wall steel casting solidification structure refining and purifying method - Google Patents
Thick-wall steel casting solidification structure refining and purifying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105364029A CN105364029A CN201510900912.9A CN201510900912A CN105364029A CN 105364029 A CN105364029 A CN 105364029A CN 201510900912 A CN201510900912 A CN 201510900912A CN 105364029 A CN105364029 A CN 105364029A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thick-wall steel casting solidification structure refining and purifying method, and belongs to the technical field of steel casting. In the molten steel smelting process, firstly, the pre-deoxidation is performed in a furnace by ferrosilicon, ferromanganese and silicon calcium barium alloys; when the temperature of molten steel is increased to 1620-1650 DEG C, the alloys are discharged to a steel ladle from the furnace; multielement aluminum iron alloy blocks are added in the steel ladle for deoxidation; then, aluminum-wrapped alloy wires are added in the steel ladle by a wire feeding machine, and consist of two parts of outer metal aluminum strips and powder core materials; after the slag removal and the standing are performed for the molten steel in the steel ladle, and the temperature is reduced to 1490-1520 DEG C, the molten steel is poured into a large casting mold; after the molten steel is poured by 24-48 hours, the casting is fed into a slow cooling pit after opening the ladle; and after the temperature of the casting is lower than 120 DEG C, the casting is discharged from the pit for cutting out a gate and a riser so as to obtain a thick-wall steel casting with fine solidification structures and few inclusions.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses the refinement of a kind of steel-casting solidified structure and purification method, particularly a kind of solidified structure refinement of heavy wall steel-casting and purification method, belong to cast steel technical field.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of China's industrial technology; the demands such as large-size ball mill, Pulp pump, rolling mill are constantly increased; the demands such as Ball Milling Machine End Cover, rolling mill memorial archway, Pulp pump housing, large cast steel roll are caused constantly to increase; because above-mentioned steel-casting wall thickness is large; setting time is long; there is the deficiencies such as field trash is many, solidified structure is thick in these large-scale steel-casting cast form processes in the past; above-mentioned steel-casting mechanical property is caused significantly to reduce; safety in utilization declines; easily cause the maintenance down of equipment, create huge economic loss therefrom.
In order to improve mechanical properties of cast steel performance, Chinese invention patent CN104818426 discloses a kind of high-strength micro-alloy rare earth cast steel, the main chemical compositions of described cast steel comprises C, Si, Mn, Nb, Ti, Re, La, Ce, P, S, iron and micro impurity element, described C, Si, Mn, Nb, Ti, Re, P, the mass percentage of S is respectively C0.30% ~ 0.40%, Si0.60% ~ 0.80%, Mn1.10% ~ 1.40%, Nb0.03% ~ 0.09%, Ti0.01 ~ 0.08%, Re0.01% ~ 0.20%, La0.01% ~ 0.10%, Ce0.01% ~ 0.15%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.010%.The advantage of this invention is that microalloying rare earth cast steel under the condition of not obvious reduction plasticity and toughness, can significantly improve yield strength and tensile strength.
Chinese invention patent CN104911504 also discloses a kind of high strength height Wear Resistant Cast Steel for super-huge disintegrating machine, it is characterized in that, the percentage by weight of this steel-casting chemical composition is: C1.31 ~ 1.40, Si0.50 ~ 0.90, Mn17.5 ~ 19.0, P≤0.040, S≤0.020, Cr1.00 ~ 1.40, Ni≤0.60, Mo≤0.50, B0.005 ~ 0.010, Al0.08 ~ 0.12, Ti0.10 ~ 0.18, La0.05 ~ 0.09, Ce0.05 ~ 0.10, V0.05 ~ 0.10, all the other are Fe and inevitable trace impurity.Also disclose a kind of technique for the production of above-mentioned steel-casting, make described steel-casting have good toughness and wearability, long service life, be applicable in super-huge disintegrating machine.Chinese invention patent CN104878311 also discloses a kind of cast steel parts for ultra supercritical coal-fired unit, it is characterized in that, the percentage by weight of this cast steel parts chemical composition is: C0.15 ~ 0.20, Si≤0.60, Mn0.4 ~ 0.8, P≤0.02, S≤0.015, Cr2.2 ~ 2.5, Ni≤0.5, Mo0.5 ~ 0.8, Cu≤0.5, V0.3 ~ 0.4, all the other are Fe and inevitable trace impurity.Also disclose a kind of technique for the production of above-mentioned cast steel parts, make described cast steel parts have good wearability, corrosion resistance, heat resistance and stronger toughness, be applicable in ultra supercritical coal-fired unit.Chinese invention patent CN104988425 also discloses a kind of ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness low-carbon martensite cast steel, by percentage to the quality, the chemical composition of this ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness low-carbon martensite cast steel is: C:0.10% ~ 0.25%, Cr:0.5% ~ 1.5%, Mn:0.5% ~ 2.5%, Si:0.5% ~ 2%, Mo:0.1% ~ 0.5%, V:0.1% ~ 0.5%, Ni:0.1% ~ 0.4%, Cu:0.1% ~ 0.3%, Ca:0.05% ~ 0.1%, P≤0.02%, S :≤0.02%, surplus is iron.Method comprises: 1) first raw steel, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon and the pig iron are heated to melting sources in proportion and become molten steel, in molten steel, add molybdenum-iron, vanadium iron, electrolytic nickel, fine copper and ferromanganese successively, and insulation, until the homogenization of composition that adds, obtains molten steel; 2) add aluminium deoxidation after being heated by molten steel, then in molten steel, add silicon-calcium wire, cast; 3) by Water Quenching after the casting parts thermal insulation of casting gained, more tempered process, obtained ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness low-carbon martensite cast steel.This martensitic cast steel comprehensive mechanical property is excellent; This preparation method is simple to operate, energy-conserving and environment-protective, is applicable to industrialization large-scale production.Chinese invention patent CN103436808 also discloses a kind of low-carbon-equivalent high-strength tenacity cast steel and preparation method thereof.Low-carbon-equivalent high-strength tenacity cast steel chemical component weight percentage is: C0.14 ~ 0.18%, Si0.30-0.60%, Mn1.00-1.20%, Cr0.40-0.60%, Ni0.70-0.80%, Mo0.20-0.30%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.020%, V0.02-0.03%, Nb0.03-0.05%, Cu≤0.20%, surplus is Fe.Preparation method is after adopting electric arc furnaces and AOD furnace secondary smelting and carries out high-temperature heat treatment.This invention beneficial effect is: micro-alloying technology is introduced low-carbon cast steel and produce, and when keeping welding performance good, significantly improves the strength of materials and low-temperature flexibility; Adopt electric arc furnaces-AOD furnace double melting, improve the decarburized amount heat of oxidation at electric arc furnaces, remove the harmful elements such as the phosphorus in molten steel; Carry out secondary deoxidation in AOD furnace, blowing argon gas refining, the gases such as the oxide inclusion as far as possible in removal molten steel and N, H, O, increase substantially Cleanliness of Molten Steel; Adopt High Temperature Pre treatment process before modified, crystal grain thinning, for finished heat treatment creates conditions.Chinese invention patent CN104404366 also discloses a kind of high-strength tenacity track bar bracket steel-casting formula, its chemical composition by weight percentage (wt%) containing C:0.3 ~ 0.45%, Si:< 1.0%, Mn :≤1.0%, P:0.03%, S:0.03%, Nb:0.04 ~ 0.08%, surplus is Fe.By suitably reducing the carbon content of material, improving the toughness in steel-casting heart portion, adding the alloying elements nb of trace in the material, playing crystal grain thinning and precipitation strength effect, improve the effect of the mechanical performance of material.This invention also discloses a kind of high-strength tenacity track bar bracket steel casting production technology, comprises the following steps: 1) smelting molten steel; 2) moulding by casting; 3) heat treatment.A kind of high-strength tenacity track bar bracket steel casting production technology of this invention, by optimizing casting technique, improves surface of the work and inherent quality.Chinese invention patent CN104195449 also discloses a kind of high-strength high-toughness cast steel material and manufacture method thereof and casting piece.The composition that described high-strength high-toughness cast steel material has comprises the C of 0.25 to 0.30 quality %, the Si of 0.20 to 0.40 quality %, the Mn of 0.50 to 1.10 quality %, the Ni of 2.20 to 2.80 quality %, the Cr of 0.25 to 0.60 quality %, the Al of 0.05 to 0.10 quality %, the Cu of 0.20 to 0.50 quality %, the Mo of 0.20 to 0.40 quality %, also comprises Fe and inevitable impurity.High-strength high-toughness cast steel material due to this invention has specific composition, even if so in Big Steel Castings steel, fully high intensity and toughness also can be obtained when quenching by Air flow or fan coolling and without the need to implementing plastic working and without the need to implementing liquid cools as water cooling or oil cooling.Chinese invention patent CN104195462 also discloses a kind of superhigh strength cast steel and manufacture method thereof, and the chemical element composition that it contains and mass percent thereof are: carbon 0.04-0.06%, silicon 0.3-0.5%, manganese 0.04-0.06%, calcium 0.4-0.7%, cerium 0.003-0.004%, magnesium 0.2-0.3%, molybdenum 0.7-0.8%, boron 0.023-0.026%, niobium 0.18-0.23%, titanium 0.001-0.0032%, sulphur≤0.25%, phosphorus 0.03-0.04%, surplus are iron; With the addition of molybdenum, boron, niobium and titanium alloy element in the cast steel material of this invention, make steel have good strength, toughness and mechanical property; The production technology of this invention has unique Technology for Heating Processing, and production efficiency is high, energy-conserving and environment-protective, good in economic efficiency, is suitable for large-scale production, has good promotional value.Chinese invention patent CN104131231 also discloses a kind of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, be grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent: C0.22% ~ 0.30%, Si0.30% ~ 0.45%, Mn1.10 ~ 1.20%, Cr0.20% ~ 0.40%, Ni0.20% ~ 0.35%, Mo0.30% ~ 0.45%, Al0.03% ~ 0.06%, Ce0.03% ~ 0.04%, S≤0.015%, P≤0.02%, surplus is Fe.This invention additionally provides a kind of method preparing this cast steel.This invention is by carrying out the screening of composition and the optimization of proportioning to cast steel, and optimum treatment process is sought to cast steel, the low-carbon microalloyed cast steel that final acquisition strong hardness is high, impact flexibility is excellent, carbon equivalent is low, production cost is low, more can meet the needs of the large-scale rocking arm steel of coal-winning machine.Chinese invention patent CN103952632 also discloses a kind of oil drilling and extracting equipment slush pump pressure part cast steel, is made up of: C0.22%-0.3%, Mn0.7%-0.9% according to mass percent following composition, Cr0.8%-1%, Mo0.2%-0.3%, Si0.2%-0.4%, Re0.01%-0.015%, S≤0.02%, P≤0.025%, Cu≤0.4%, Ni≤0.4%, W≤0.1%, micro-sum≤1%, surplus is Fe.This invention also discloses the preparation method of this kind of oil drilling and extracting equipment slush pump pressure part cast steel.Cast steel of the present invention, has the characteristic that intensity is high, anti-impact pressure anti-wear performance, impact flexibility and welding performance is good, meets the instructions for use of the main pressure part air rubber capsule of oil drilling and extracting equipment slush pump, discharge line and filter screen shell completely.Chinese invention patent CN103469115 also discloses a kind of fork-truck steering and saves cast steel material and preparation method thereof, the elemental composition wherein containing following weight percents: carbon 0.15-0.35, silicon 1.2-1.4, manganese 4.2-4.5, phosphorus 0.01-0.03, sulphur 0.015-0.04, chromium 3.2-3.5, copper 0.1-0.3, vanadium 1.2-1.4, molybdenum 0.4-0.6, tungsten 2.5-2.7, Ni0.3-0.4, As0.2-0.3, Hf0.6-0.8, Bi0.1-0.15, Be0.26-0.36, Pb0.23-0.29, surplus are iron.This invention cast steel material can meet wear-resistingly has again higher impact toughness and intensity, has foundry goods initial hardness high, the feature of high, the not yielding fracture of yield strength.Chinese invention patent CN103397269 also discloses a kind of low-cost high-strength abrasion resistant cast steel, it is characterized in that, the chemical composition of described cast steel and mass percent thereof are: carbon 0.10-0.16, manganese 0.35-0.50, silicon 0.75-0.90, phosphorus≤0.040, sulphur≤0.040, chromium 1.35-1.65, nickel 0.15-0.25, copper 0.2-0.3, Ti0.08-0.10, Ta0.04-0.06, Hf0.01-0.02, Nb0.04-0.06, V0.2-0.4, Mo0.05-0.07, matrix are iron.The mechanical performance of this invention superhigh strength cast steel is: hot strength 1080MPa, yield strength 873MPa, percentage elongation 14%, the contraction percentage of area 27%, impact absorbing energy 56J, impact flexibility 66J/cm
2, hardness 291HB.
But, the above-mentioned method making Cast Steels refinement and purification, complex process, and for heavy wall steel-casting, its refinement and clean-up effect not obvious, cause the performance of heavy wall steel-casting to increase substantially.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above existed in heavy wall steel-casting, propose to adopt in stove on ferrosilicon and ferromanganese and calsibar alloy pre-deoxidation basis, together with final deoxidizing is combined into thinning solidification structure technique, carry out in ladle, thus realize refinement and the purification of heavy wall steel-casting solidified structure.
A kind of heavy wall steel-casting solidified structure refinement of the present invention and purification method, concrete technology step is:
(1) elder generation's melting cast steel material in electric furnace, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1560-1590 DEG C, add respectively and account for the ferrosilicon of steel quality mark 0.3-0.6% and the ferromanganese pre-deoxidation of 0.5-0.7% in stove, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1580-1610 DEG C, continue to add the calsibar alloy pre-deoxidation accounting for steel quality mark 0.25-0.50% in stove, come out of the stove to ladle when being warming up to 1620-1650 DEG C after molten steel stokehold adjusting component is qualified, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block is added in advance in ladle, the chemical composition of polybasic aluminum iron alloy block and mass fraction are: 45-48%Al, <0.40%C, 16-18%Si, 6.0-7.5%Ca, surplus Fe, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block is of a size of (100 ~ 150) mm × (200 ~ 250) mm × (30 ~ 50) mm, and polybasic aluminum iron alloy block addition accounts for the 0.12-0.18% entering steel quality mark in ladle,
(2) when in step (1) ladle, liquid steel temperature is down to 1580-1610 DEG C, continue to add aluminium inclusion spun gold with wire feeder in ladle, aluminium inclusion spun gold is made up of crust metal aluminium strip and powder core material two parts, wherein powder core material comprises the ferro-niobium powder of 120-180nm, the VN alloy powder of 20-50 μm, the copper magnesium alloy powder of the rare earth silicon iron powder of 20-50 μm and 20-50 μm, various alloy powder accounts for the mass fraction of powder core material than as follows: ferro-niobium powder 25-30%, VN alloy powder 30-35%, rare earth silicon iron powder 25-30%, copper magnesium alloy powder 10-15%, powder core material accounts for the 55-60% of aluminium inclusion spun gold gross mass, aluminium inclusion spun gold addition accounts for the 0.20-0.35% of steel quality mark in ladle,
(3) in the ladle in step (2) molten steel through skimming, leave standstill after, when temperature is down to 1490-1520 DEG C, pour into large-scale casting mold, unpack into burial pit after pouring molten steel 24-48 hour, after casting temperature is lower than 120 DEG C, goes out hole cutting cast gate and rising head, the heavy wall steel-casting that solidified structure is tiny and field trash is few can be obtained.
The chemical composition mass fraction of ferromanganese as above is: 0.5-1.5%C, 75-82%Mn, <2.5%Si, <0.2%P, <0.02%S, and surplus is Fe.
The chemical composition mass fraction of ferrosilicon as above is: the C of the Si of 72 ~ 80%, <0.2%, the S of≤0.02%, the P of≤0.04%, and surplus is Fe.
The chemical composition mass fraction of calsibar alloy as above is: the Si of 40 ~ 45%, the Ca of 10 ~ 12%, 10 ~ 12% the Ba ,≤C of 0.8% ,≤the P of the 0.04% ,≤S of 0.06%, surplus is Fe.
The chemical composition mass fraction of ferro-niobium powder as above is: 50-60%Nb, <2.0%Si, <1.0%C, <0.05%S, <0.04%P, and surplus is Fe.
The chemical composition mass fraction of vanadium nitride iron powder as above is: 53-58%V, 10-12%N, <0.6%C, <2.5%Si, <0.08%P, <0.05%S, <2.0%Al, surplus Fe.
The chemical composition mass fraction of copper magnesium alloy powder as above is: 20-25%Mg, 75-80%Cu.
The chemical composition mass fraction of rare earth silicon iron powder as above is: 27.0 ~ 30.0%RE, 38.0 ~ 42.0%Si, <3.0%Mn, <5.0%Ca, <3.0%Ti, and surplus is Fe.
Above-mentioned powder core material is placed on flux-cored wire forming machine that oneself rolls in the metal aluminium strip of " U " shape by the preparation method of aluminium inclusion spun gold, then on flux-cored wire forming machine, be closed into " O " shape, the wire rolling mill tube reducing continued through on flux-cored wire forming machine can meet the demands to Φ 6.5-8.0mm.
Cast steel of the present invention first melting in electric furnace, simple process, production efficiency is high.When liquid steel temperature rises to 1560-1590 DEG C, add respectively and account for the ferrosilicon of steel quality mark 0.3-0.6% and the ferromanganese pre-deoxidation of 0.5-0.7% in stove, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1580-1610 DEG C, continue to add the calsibar alloy pre-deoxidation accounting for steel quality mark 0.25-0.50% in stove, can guarantee that in stove, molten steel has less oxygen content like this.But cast steel fusion temperature is high, and in cast steel, carbon content is lower, easy oxygen uptake, causes molten steel to exceed standard in smelting later stage oxygen content.The present invention is at the ferrosilicon through 0.3-0.6% for this reason, after the ferromanganese of 0.5-0.7% and the calsibar alloy pre-deoxidation of 0.25-0.50%, come out of the stove to ladle when being warming up to 1620-1650 DEG C after molten steel stokehold adjusting component is qualified, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block is added in advance in ladle, chemical composition and the mass fraction % of polybasic aluminum iron alloy block are: 45-48Al, <0.40C, 16-18Si, 6.0-7.5Ca, surplus Fe, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block is of a size of 100 ~ 150mm × 200 ~ 250mm × 30 ~ 50mm, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block addition accounts for the 0.12-0.18% entering steel quality mark in ladle, add above-mentioned polybasic aluminum iron alloy block, can oxygen significantly in less molten steel.
The present invention is when in ladle, liquid steel temperature is down to 1580-1610 DEG C, continue to add aluminium inclusion spun gold with wire feeder in ladle, aluminium inclusion spun gold is made up of crust metal aluminium strip and powder core material two parts, wherein powder core material comprises the ferro-niobium powder of 120-180nm, the VN alloy powder of 20-50 μm, the copper magnesium alloy powder of the rare earth silicon iron powder of 20-50 μm and 20-50 μm, various alloy powder accounts for the mass fraction of powder core material than as follows: ferro-niobium powder 25-30%, VN alloy powder 30-35%, rare earth silicon iron powder 25-30%, copper magnesium alloy powder 10-15%, powder core material accounts for the 55-60% of aluminium inclusion spun gold gross mass, wherein add the ferro-niobium powder of 120-180nm and the VN alloy powder of 20-50 μm, niobium can be made to become dystectic with the carbonization symphysis in nitrogen and molten steel and the tiny Nb (C of particle size, N), that can come into being crystalline phase as steel solidifies core, promotes the refinement of cast steel solidified structure.Vanadium in VN alloy powder and nitrogen can combine and generate dystectic VN in molten steel, are conducive to the refinement of solidified structure.Add rare earth silicon iron powder except thinning solidification structure, also have the effect promoting that inclusion morphology and distribution improve.In addition, adding the copper magnesium alloy powder of 20-50 μm, reducing except field trash except utilizing the deoxidization desulfuration effect of magnesium, particularly magnesium reacts violent in high-temperature molten steel, drive molten steel to have obvious movement effects, contribute to the gathering reducing nanometer ferro-niobium powder, promote the improvement of steel-casting solidified structure.
Above-mentioned powder core material is placed on flux-cored wire forming machine that oneself rolls in the metal aluminium strip of " U " shape by the preparation method of aluminium inclusion spun gold of the present invention; then on flux-cored wire forming machine, " O " shape is closed into; the wire rolling mill tube reducing continued through on flux-cored wire forming machine can meet the demands to Φ 6.5-8.0mm; aluminium inclusion spun gold addition accounts for the 0.20-0.35% of steel quality mark in ladle; there is the easy feature of preparation technology, be convenient to realize scale preparation.On this basis, to molten steel in ladle through skimming, leave standstill after, when temperature is down to 1490-1520 DEG C, pour into large-scale casting mold, unpack into burial pit after pouring molten steel 24-48 hour, can casting stress be reduced, prevent large-scale steel-casting be out of shape and cracking.After casting temperature is lower than 120 DEG C, goes out hole cutting cast gate and rising head, the heavy wall steel-casting that solidified structure is tiny and field trash is few can be obtained.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following characteristics:
1) smelting of the present invention and stove process molten steel simple process outward;
2) the present invention has obvious refinement and clean-up effect to heavy wall steel-casting solidified structure, causes mechanical castings to increase substantially;
3) The present invention reduces casting wasted product rate, apply and there is good economic benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Embodiment 1:
The solidified structure refinement of the cast carbon steel of a kind of phosphorus content 0.45%, wall thickness 260mm and purification method, it is characterized in that first adopting in electric furnace ferrosilicon and ferromanganese and calsibar alloy pre-deoxidation, together with final deoxidizing is combined into thinning solidification structure technique, carry out in ladle, concrete technology step is:
1. elder generation's melting cast steel material in 3 tons of electric furnaces, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1563 DEG C, (the chemical composition mass fraction of ferrosilicon is: the Si of 72.54% to add the ferrosilicon accounting for steel quality mark 0.3% in stove respectively, the C of 0.11%, the S of 0.014%, the P of 0.027%, surplus is Fe) and the ferromanganese of 0.7% (the chemical composition mass fraction of ferromanganese is: 1.37%C, 81.50%Mn, 1.66%Si, 0.15%P, 0.017%S, surplus is Fe) pre-deoxidation, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1582 DEG C, (the chemical composition mass fraction of calsibar alloy is: the Si of 40.93% to continue to add the calsibar alloy accounting for steel quality mark 0.40% in stove, the Ca of 10.50%, the Ba of 11.84%, the C of 0.51%, the P of 0.024%, the S of 0.047%, surplus is Fe) pre-deoxidation, come out of the stove to ladle when being warming up to 1621 DEG C after molten steel stokehold adjusting component is qualified, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block is added in advance in ladle, chemical composition and the mass fraction % of polybasic aluminum iron alloy block are: 45.76Al, 0.19C, 16.54Si, 7.45Ca, surplus Fe, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block is of a size of 100 ~ 150mm × 200 ~ 250mm × 30 ~ 50mm, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block addition accounts for and enters 0.12% of steel quality mark in ladle,
2. when in step 1. ladle, liquid steel temperature is down to 1585 DEG C, continue to add aluminium inclusion spun gold with wire feeder in ladle, aluminium inclusion spun gold is made up of crust metal aluminium strip and powder core material two parts, wherein powder core material comprises the ferro-niobium powder of 120-180nm (the chemical composition mass fraction of ferro-niobium powder is: 51.23%Nb, 1.35%Si, 0.67%C, 0.037%S, 0.028%P, surplus is Fe), (the chemical composition mass fraction of vanadium nitride iron powder is the VN alloy powder of 20-50 μm: 53.41%V, 10.36%N, 0.55%C, 1.04%Si, 0.052%P, 0.035%S, 1.16%Al, surplus Fe), (the chemical composition mass fraction of rare earth silicon iron powder is the rare earth silicon iron powder of 20-50 μm: 27.41%RE, 38.86%Si, 1.48%Mn, 3.06%Ca, 1.24%Ti, surplus is Fe) and the copper magnesium alloy powder of 20-50 μm (the chemical composition mass fraction of copper magnesium alloy powder is: 20%Mg, 80%Cu.), various alloy powder accounts for the mass fraction of powder core material than as follows: ferro-niobium powder 25%, VN alloy powder 35%, rare earth silicon iron powder 30%, copper magnesium alloy powder 10%, powder core material accounts for 55% of aluminium inclusion spun gold gross mass, above-mentioned powder core material is placed on flux-cored wire forming machine that oneself rolls in the metal aluminium strip of " U " shape by the preparation method of aluminium inclusion spun gold, then on flux-cored wire forming machine, " O " shape is closed into, the wire rolling mill tube reducing continued through on flux-cored wire forming machine can meet the demands to Φ 8.0mm, aluminium inclusion spun gold addition accounts for 0.20% of steel quality mark in ladle,
3. step 2. in ladle in molten steel through skimming, leave standstill after, when temperature is down to 1493 DEG C, pour into large-scale casting mold, pouring molten steel was unpacked into burial pit after 26 hours, hole cutting cast gate and rising head is gone out after casting temperature is lower than 120 DEG C, can obtain the heavy wall steel-casting that solidified structure is tiny and field trash is few, the heavy wall steel-casting that its average tensile strength is produced than commonsense method improves 35.7%, and the heavy wall steel-casting that average impact Toughness Ratio commonsense method is produced improves 50.3%.
Embodiment 2:
The solidified structure refinement of the cast carbon steel of a kind of phosphorus content 0.29%, wall thickness 290mm and purification method, it is characterized in that first adopting in electric furnace ferrosilicon and ferromanganese and calsibar alloy pre-deoxidation, together with final deoxidizing is combined into thinning solidification structure technique, carry out in ladle, concrete technology step is:
1. elder generation's melting cast steel material in 5 tons of electric furnaces, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1587 DEG C, (the chemical composition mass fraction of ferrosilicon is: the Si of 79.57% to add the ferrosilicon accounting for steel quality mark 0.6% in stove respectively, the C of 0.15%, the S of 0.009%, the P of 0.021%, surplus is Fe) and the ferromanganese of 0.5% (the chemical composition mass fraction of ferromanganese is: 0.59%C, 75.42%Mn, 2.07%Si, 0.12%P, 0.012%S, surplus is Fe) pre-deoxidation, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1609 DEG C, (the chemical composition mass fraction of calsibar alloy is: the Si of 44.81% to continue to add the calsibar alloy accounting for steel quality mark 0.50% in stove, the Ca of 11.96%, the Ba of 10.04%, the C of 0.37%, the P of 0.034%, the S of 0.048%, surplus is Fe) pre-deoxidation, come out of the stove to ladle when being warming up to 1646 DEG C after molten steel stokehold adjusting component is qualified, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block is added in advance in ladle, chemical composition and the mass fraction % of polybasic aluminum iron alloy block are: 47.65Al, 0.30C, 17.62Si, 6.08Ca, surplus Fe, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block is of a size of 100 ~ 150mm × 200 ~ 250mm × 30 ~ 50mm, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block addition accounts for and enters 0.18% of steel quality mark in ladle,
2. when in step 1. ladle, liquid steel temperature is down to 1607 DEG C, continue to add aluminium inclusion spun gold with wire feeder in ladle, aluminium inclusion spun gold is made up of crust metal aluminium strip and powder core material two parts, wherein powder core material comprises the ferro-niobium powder of 120-180nm (the chemical composition mass fraction of ferro-niobium powder is: 59.48%Nb, 1.16%Si, 0.39%C, 0.028%S, 0.031%P, surplus is Fe), (the chemical composition mass fraction of vanadium nitride iron powder is the VN alloy powder of 20-50 μm: 57.90%V, 11.85%N, 0.29%C, 1.85%Si, 0.067%P, 0.019%S, 1.73%Al, surplus Fe), (the chemical composition mass fraction of rare earth silicon iron powder is the rare earth silicon iron powder of 20-50 μm: 29.21%RE, 41.84%Si, 2.37%Mn, 3.91%Ca, 2.66%Ti, surplus is Fe) and the copper magnesium alloy powder of 20-50 μm (the chemical composition mass fraction of copper magnesium alloy powder is: 25%Mg, 75%Cu.), various alloy powder accounts for the mass fraction of powder core material than as follows: ferro-niobium powder 30%, VN alloy powder 30%, rare earth silicon iron powder 25%, copper magnesium alloy powder 15%, powder core material accounts for 60% of aluminium inclusion spun gold gross mass, above-mentioned powder core material is placed on flux-cored wire forming machine that oneself rolls in the metal aluminium strip of " U " shape by the preparation method of aluminium inclusion spun gold, then on flux-cored wire forming machine, " O " shape is closed into, the wire rolling mill tube reducing continued through on flux-cored wire forming machine can meet the demands to Φ 6.5mm, aluminium inclusion spun gold addition accounts for 0.35% of steel quality mark in ladle,
3. step 2. in ladle in molten steel through skimming, leave standstill after, when temperature is down to 1518 DEG C, pour into large-scale casting mold, pouring molten steel was unpacked into burial pit after 48 hours, hole cutting cast gate and rising head is gone out after casting temperature is lower than 120 DEG C, can obtain the heavy wall steel-casting that solidified structure is tiny and field trash is few, the heavy wall steel-casting that its average tensile strength is produced than commonsense method improves 37.2%, and the heavy wall steel-casting that average impact Toughness Ratio commonsense method is produced improves 54.9%.
Embodiment 3:
The solidified structure refinement of the low alloy steel castings of a kind of phosphorus content 0.36%, wall thickness 340mm and purification method, it is characterized in that first adopting in electric furnace ferrosilicon and ferromanganese and calsibar alloy pre-deoxidation, together with final deoxidizing is combined into thinning solidification structure technique, carry out in ladle, concrete technology step is:
1. elder generation's melting cast steel material in 3 tons of electric furnaces, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1581 DEG C, (the chemical composition mass fraction of ferrosilicon is: the Si of 75.37% to add the ferrosilicon accounting for steel quality mark 0.5% in stove respectively, the C of 0.12%, the S of 0.013%, the P of 0.025%, surplus is Fe) and the ferromanganese of 0.6% (the chemical composition mass fraction of ferromanganese is: 0.78%C, 78.41%Mn, 1.06%Si, 0.10%P, 0.015%S, surplus is Fe) pre-deoxidation, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1592 DEG C, (the chemical composition mass fraction of calsibar alloy is: the Si of 42.53% to continue to add the calsibar alloy accounting for steel quality mark 0.25% in stove, the Ca of 10.91%, the Ba of 10.86%, the C of 0.52%, the P of 0.028%, the S of 0.033%, surplus is Fe) pre-deoxidation, come out of the stove to ladle when being warming up to 1637 DEG C after molten steel stokehold adjusting component is qualified, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block is added in advance in ladle, chemical composition and the mass fraction % of polybasic aluminum iron alloy block are: 47.24Al, 0.10C, 17.15Si, 6.99Ca, surplus Fe, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block is of a size of 100 ~ 150mm × 200 ~ 250mm × 30 ~ 50mm, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block addition accounts for and enters 0.15% of steel quality mark in ladle,
2. when in step 1. ladle, liquid steel temperature is down to 1594 DEG C, continue to add aluminium inclusion spun gold with wire feeder in ladle, aluminium inclusion spun gold is made up of crust metal aluminium strip and powder core material two parts, wherein powder core material comprises the ferro-niobium powder of 120-180nm (the chemical composition mass fraction of ferro-niobium powder is: 55.92%Nb, 1.59%Si, 0.71%C, 0.038%S, 0.027%P, surplus is Fe), (the chemical composition mass fraction of vanadium nitride iron powder is the VN alloy powder of 20-50 μm: 56.53%V, 10.92%N, 0.27%C, 1.60%Si, 0.071%P, 0.046%S, 1.69%Al, surplus Fe), (the chemical composition mass fraction of rare earth silicon iron powder is the rare earth silicon iron powder of 20-50 μm: 28.50%RE, 39.87%Si, 1.38%Mn, 2.64%Ca, 2.59%Ti, surplus is Fe) and the copper magnesium alloy powder of 20-50 μm (the chemical composition mass fraction of copper magnesium alloy powder is: 23%Mg, 77%Cu.), various alloy powder accounts for the mass fraction of powder core material than as follows: ferro-niobium powder 28%, VN alloy powder 32%, rare earth silicon iron powder 28%, copper magnesium alloy powder 12%, powder core material accounts for 58% of aluminium inclusion spun gold gross mass, above-mentioned powder core material is placed on flux-cored wire forming machine that oneself rolls in the metal aluminium strip of " U " shape by the preparation method of aluminium inclusion spun gold, then on flux-cored wire forming machine, " O " shape is closed into, the wire rolling mill tube reducing continued through on flux-cored wire forming machine can meet the demands to Φ 8.0mm, aluminium inclusion spun gold addition accounts for 0.27% of steel quality mark in ladle,
3. step 2. in ladle in molten steel through skimming, leave standstill after, when temperature is down to 1499 DEG C, pour into large-scale casting mold, pouring molten steel was unpacked into burial pit after 40 hours, hole cutting cast gate and rising head is gone out after casting temperature is lower than 120 DEG C, can obtain the heavy wall steel-casting that solidified structure is tiny and field trash is few, the heavy wall steel-casting that its average tensile strength is produced than commonsense method improves 38.0%, and the heavy wall steel-casting that average impact Toughness Ratio commonsense method is produced improves 57.5%.
The present invention is for the production of heavy wall steel-casting, and the obvious refinement of solidified structure, field trash is few, causes its tensile strength and impact flexibility to increase substantially, ensure that the safety applications of large thick-wall steel-casting, promotes achievement of the present invention and has good economic and social benefit.
Claims (10)
1. the refinement of heavy wall steel-casting solidified structure and a purification method, is characterized in that, concrete technology step is:
(1) elder generation's melting cast steel material in electric furnace, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1560-1590 DEG C, add respectively and account for the ferrosilicon of steel quality mark 0.3-0.6% and the ferromanganese pre-deoxidation of 0.5-0.7% in stove, when liquid steel temperature rises to 1580-1610 DEG C, continue to add the calsibar alloy pre-deoxidation accounting for steel quality mark 0.25-0.50% in stove, come out of the stove to ladle when being warming up to 1620-1650 DEG C after molten steel stokehold adjusting component is qualified, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block is added in advance in ladle, the chemical composition of polybasic aluminum iron alloy block and mass fraction are: 45-48%Al, <0.40%C, 16-18%Si, 6.0-7.5%Ca, surplus Fe, polybasic aluminum iron alloy block is of a size of (100 ~ 150) mm × (200 ~ 250) mm × (30 ~ 50) mm, and polybasic aluminum iron alloy block addition accounts for the 0.12-0.18% entering steel quality mark in ladle,
(2) when in step (1) ladle, liquid steel temperature is down to 1580-1610 DEG C, continue to add aluminium inclusion spun gold with wire feeder in ladle, aluminium inclusion spun gold is made up of crust metal aluminium strip and powder core material two parts, wherein powder core material comprises the ferro-niobium powder of 120-180nm, the VN alloy powder of 20-50 μm, the copper magnesium alloy powder of the rare earth silicon iron powder of 20-50 μm and 20-50 μm, various alloy powder accounts for the mass fraction of powder core material than as follows: ferro-niobium powder 25-30%, VN alloy powder 30-35%, rare earth silicon iron powder 25-30%, copper magnesium alloy powder 10-15%, powder core material accounts for the 55-60% of aluminium inclusion spun gold gross mass, aluminium inclusion spun gold addition accounts for the 0.20-0.35% of steel quality mark in ladle,
(3) in the ladle in step (2) molten steel through skimming, leave standstill after, when temperature is down to 1490-1520 DEG C, pour into large-scale casting mold, unpack into burial pit after pouring molten steel 24-48 hour, after casting temperature is lower than 120 DEG C, goes out hole cutting cast gate and rising head, the heavy wall steel-casting that solidified structure is tiny and field trash is few can be obtained.
2. according to a kind of heavy wall steel-casting solidified structure refinement according to claim 1 and purification method, it is characterized in that, the chemical composition mass fraction of ferromanganese is: 0.5-1.5%C, 75-82%Mn, <2.5%Si, <0.2%P, <0.02%S, surplus is Fe.
3., according to a kind of heavy wall steel-casting solidified structure refinement according to claim 1 and purification method, it is characterized in that, the chemical composition mass fraction of ferrosilicon is: the Si of 72 ~ 80%, the C of <0.2%, the S of≤0.02%, the P of≤0.04%, surplus is Fe.
4. according to a kind of heavy wall steel-casting solidified structure refinement according to claim 1 and purification method, it is characterized in that, the chemical composition mass fraction of calsibar alloy is: the Si of 40 ~ 45%, the Ca of 10 ~ 12%, 10 ~ 12% the Ba ,≤C of 0.8% ,≤the P of the 0.04% ,≤S of 0.06%, surplus is Fe.
5. according to a kind of heavy wall steel-casting solidified structure refinement according to claim 1 and purification method, it is characterized in that, the chemical composition mass fraction of ferro-niobium powder is: 50-60%Nb, <2.0%Si, <1.0%C, <0.05%S, <0.04%P, surplus is Fe.
6. according to a kind of heavy wall steel-casting solidified structure refinement according to claim 1 and purification method, it is characterized in that, the chemical composition mass fraction of vanadium nitride iron powder is: 53-58%V, 10-12%N, <0.6%C, <2.5%Si, <0.08%P, <0.05%S, <2.0%Al, surplus Fe.
7., according to a kind of heavy wall steel-casting solidified structure refinement according to claim 1 and purification method, it is characterized in that, the chemical composition mass fraction of copper magnesium alloy powder is: 20-25%Mg, 75-80%Cu.
8. according to a kind of heavy wall steel-casting solidified structure refinement according to claim 1 and purification method, it is characterized in that, the chemical composition mass fraction of rare earth silicon iron powder is: 27.0 ~ 30.0%RE, 38.0 ~ 42.0%Si, <3.0%Mn, <5.0%Ca, <3.0%Ti, surplus is Fe.
9. according to a kind of heavy wall steel-casting solidified structure refinement according to claim 1 and purification method, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned powder core material is placed on flux-cored wire forming machine that oneself rolls in the metal aluminium strip of " U " shape by the preparation method of aluminium inclusion spun gold, then on flux-cored wire forming machine, be closed into " O " shape, the wire rolling mill tube reducing continued through on flux-cored wire forming machine can meet the demands to Φ 6.5-8.0mm.
10. according to a kind of heavy wall steel-casting that the method described in any one of claim 1-9 prepares.
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