CN105353463B - A kind of device and method detected and receive vortex light field - Google Patents
A kind of device and method detected and receive vortex light field Download PDFInfo
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- CN105353463B CN105353463B CN201510886103.7A CN201510886103A CN105353463B CN 105353463 B CN105353463 B CN 105353463B CN 201510886103 A CN201510886103 A CN 201510886103A CN 105353463 B CN105353463 B CN 105353463B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012576 optical tweezer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011896 sensitive detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/124—Geodesic lenses or integrated gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J9/00—Measuring optical phase difference; Determining degree of coherence; Measuring optical wavelength
- G01J9/02—Measuring optical phase difference; Determining degree of coherence; Measuring optical wavelength by interferometric methods
- G01J9/0246—Measuring optical wavelength
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/34—Optical coupling means utilising prism or grating
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of device and methods detected and receive vortex light field.The device is made of disc waveguide, interior grating, coating grating and straight wave guide.Vortex light field is expeditiously coupled into disc waveguide using interior grating, and is coupled into straight wave guide therewith and transmits in the waveguiding mode.By detecting the resonant wavelength of vortex light field, a wide range of identification of orbital angular momentum is realized.It is resonant wavelength by adjusting incident wavelength, can also realizes efficient reception to the vortex light field of known orbital angular momentum.Meanwhile the device uses coating grating to promote the overall performance of device, and the reconstruction property of device can be realized by adjusting the duty ratio of coating grating, you can carries out the accurate control of nanometer scale to the resonant wavelength of vortex light field.The present invention has the characteristics that be easily integrated, autgmentability is strong, micromation, investigative range greatly and real-time detection, suffer from many important applications being related to the fields such as the optic communication of vortex light field and information processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical field, more particularly to vortex light field field.
Background technology
From the perspective of quantum theory, light field can carry spin angular momentaum and orbital angular momentum.Allen et al. recognizes first
Know orbital angular momentum can be used for explaining and characterize vortex light field that phase changes in angular orientation (L.Allen et al.,
Phys.Rev.A 45,8185(1992)).The angular phase of this kind of light field is represented by exp (il φ) with azimuthal relationship,
Wherein φ represents that azimuth, l represent topological charge.It can only be taken with spin angular momentaumTwo values are different, and each photon is carried by
Orbital angular momentum beWherein l can take arbitrary integer.Similar with circularly polarized light, the symbol of orbital angular momentum refers to
Relative to the chirality of field orientation.Since optical rail angular momentum is found, this kind of vortex light field for having helical phase exists
Various fields all played an important role, such as optical wrench, optical tweezer, astronomy, quantum entanglement and microscopy etc..Except this it
Outside, different vortex light fields can be quantified as different states due to the different torsion rates of its helical phase, can be with track angle
Momentum is encoded information onto for degree of freedom to vortex light field, so as to significantly promote the transmission capacity of network.
In a series of applications for being related to vortex light field, the identification of high-fidelity is carried out to orbital angular momentum with extremely important
Theory value and practical significance.Common detection method includes the use of fork-shaped diffraction grating, Mach-Zehnder interferometer and transformation
Optics etc..However, with the increase of vortex light field topological charge number, the complexity for detecting required equipment and experiment is passed therewith
Increase.Meanwhile detection device also due to the use of bulk optical device and can not with micromation platform be combined, do not meet photon collection
Into development trend.Different from circuit common, integreted phontonics circuit is gone to obtain extensive optical function using light rather than electronics.
Due to nanostructured, surmount the fast development in the fields such as section bar material and silicon technology, the function of integrated optics chip also obtains pole
Big extension.In recent years, researchers developed based on different vortex light fields is converted to surface for being spatially separating etc. from
The orbital angular momentum detection technique of daughter wave.The short wavelength of surface plasma and the features such as height space locality, can be by institutes
The photonic device scale needed substantially reduces.For example, by the way that specific hologram and surface plasma photodiode are integrated,
It can realize the real-time detection (P.Genevet et al., Nat.Commun.3,1278 (2013)) of orbital angular momentum.This side
Method realizes micromation and the integration of sensitive detection parts, however is only applicable to the detection of single orbital angular momentum.It is a kind of recently
The optical antenna of ring-shaped groove be proved to can be used for multiple orbital angular momentums effective detection (A.Liu et al.,
Sci.Rep.3,2402(2013)).However, this technology depends on the identification to the interference pattern of surface plasma wave, because
This detection speed will be declined to a great extent due to the use of additional near-field scan device.So far, there are no a kind of effective
The device for being miniaturized and being easily integrated can realize the real-time detection of large-scale orbital angular momentum.
Invention content
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of available for detecting and receiving
The device and method of vortex light field, for solve existing vortex light field detection and reception device can not to meet device simultaneously miniature
Change, detection range is big and the technological deficiency of detection real-time.
Technical solution：To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of device detected and receive vortex light field, including disc waveguide, interior grating, coating grating and straight wave guide；Institute
The material for stating coating grating is medium of the refractive index between 2 and 3, and be uniformly arranged on the upper surface of disc waveguide；In described
Grating is uniformly arranged on the inner wall of disc waveguide；The disc waveguide, interior grating and straight wave guide be same media material, the medium
The refractive index of material is more than 3；The straight wave guide is set close to the outer wall of disc waveguide；The disc waveguide, interior grating and straight wave
The thickness led is identical and the lower surface of this three is generally aligned in the same plane；Above device is integrally wrapped up by exterior material, the outside
The refractive index of material is less than 2.
Further, the detection of the orbital angular momentum of vortex light field is carried out using above device, is included the following steps：
Step 1: using the vortex light field of the radial polarisation of known orbital angular momentum as incident field perpendicular to disc waveguide
Upper surface be irradiated in disc waveguide from top to bottom, and the center of incident field is overlapped with the geometric center of disc waveguide；Whirlpool
Optically-active field is coupled into disc waveguide by interior grating, is then coupled into straight wave guide and is transmitted in straight wave guide with conduction mode；Detection
Guided mode power in straight wave guide, and receiving efficiency is calculated according to incident field power meter；
Step 2: changing the wavelength of the vortex light field of radial polarisation and repeating step 1, obtaining has the orbital angular momentum
Radial polarisation vortex light field receiving efficiency with wavelength change data and obtain corresponding to wherein receiving efficiency peak value
Resonant wavelength；
Step 3: changing the orbital angular momentum of the vortex light field of radial polarisation and repeating step 1 and two, different rails are obtained
Resonant wavelength corresponding to the receiving efficiency peak value of the vortex light field of the radial polarisation of road angular momentum forms pre-stored data collection；
Step 4: the vortex light field of the radial polarisation of orbital angular momentum known in step 1 and step 2 is replaced with to be measured
Radial polarisation vortex light field, repeat step 1 and two, obtain the receiving efficiency peak of the vortex light field of radial polarisation to be measured
The corresponding resonant wavelength of value；
Step 5: by being obtained in the resonant wavelength of the vortex light field of the radial polarisation to be measured obtained in step 4 and step 3
The pre-stored data collection obtained is compared, and selects the prestore number identical with the resonant wavelength of the vortex light field of radial polarisation to be measured
According to, and then the orbital angular momentum corresponding to the pre-stored data is obtained, the track angle of the vortex light field of radial polarisation as to be measured
Momentum.
Further, in the present invention, a kind of method of efficient reception vortex light field can also be provided based on above device,
Include the following steps：
Step 1: the step one in repeating the method for the orbital angular momentum of above-mentioned detection vortex light field is obtained to step 3
Resonant wavelength corresponding to the receiving efficiency peak value of the vortex light field of the radial polarisation of different orbital angular momentums forms pre-stored data
Collection；
Step 2: the vortex light field of the radial polarisation for known orbital angular momentum to be received, according to the step of previous step
Incident wavelength is adjusted to the resonant wavelength corresponding to the orbital angular momentum by the pre-stored data collection obtained in rapid one, and this is vortexed
The disc waveguide of light field vertical irradiation simultaneously ensures that light field center and disc waveguide geometric center overlap, so as to fulfill to radial polarisation whirlpool
The high efficiency of optically-active field receives.
Advantageous effect：
The device and method of detection and reception vortex light field provided by the invention can be used for carrying different orbital angular momentums
The large-scale instant identification of vortex light field has important answer being related to the fields such as the optic communication of vortex light field and information processing
Use prospect.Resonance of the principle of the present invention based on realization vortex light field in a device, and this resonance effects depends on the several of device
What structural parameters.Therefore, to the selection of the radius of disc waveguide and interior grating quantity, the resonance of vortex light field is all finally determined
Wavelength, also for present invention offers abundant autgmentabilities.In addition, common disc waveguide for vortex light field receptivity very
Weak, the meaning of grating lies also in increase vortex light field and is coupled into disc waveguide in the addition of the inside of disc waveguide in the present invention
Efficiency；The effect of straight wave guide is the conduction mode being coupled into the light field in disc waveguide in straight wave guide, convenient for in waveguide
The detection of mould field energy；Coating grating above disc waveguide can cancellation element vertical direction energy leakage, so as to aobvious
The quality factor of lifting device is write, and additionally provides a kind of method for accurately controlling resonant wavelength in nanometer scale.It is specific next
It says：
(1), the present invention has integration.Based on SOI waveguides, being easy to will by waveguide for device design proposed by the invention
Multiple devices are connected so as to form detection array or be combined with laser and other detectors, so as to form integreted phontonics
Circuit.
(2), the present invention has reconstitution and autgmentability.It, can be to vortex light field by changing the duty ratio of coating grating
The accurate adjusting of resonant wavelength, this is conducive to realize efficiently connecing to certain specific vortex light field using the present invention in a certain specified wavelength
It receives.When the duty ratio of coating optical grating construction increases (reduction), resonant wavelength can be mobile to long wave (shortwave) accordingly.Modulation
Sensitivity often changes 0.1 for grating duty ratio, and resonant wavelength will be 4 nanometers mobile.In addition to this it is possible to by adjusting interior grating
Quantity or the annular waveguide radius of adjustment go the resonance mode of regulation device, that is, change a certain specific resonant wavelength
Corresponding vortex light field.It is emphasized that compared to the method by adjusting coating grating duty ratio, this mode is carried
The resonant wavelength adjusting of confession is the coarse adjustment in a wide range of.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 3 be apparatus of the present invention when coating grating duty ratio is 1, to the whirlpool of the radial polarisation of topological charge number from -2 to 2
Relationship between the normalization receiving efficiency and wavelength of optically-active field；
Fig. 4 be apparatus of the present invention for the vortex light field of the radial polarisation of topological charge number from -2 to 2 resonant wavelength with covering
Relationship between layer grating duty ratio.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of detection device for detecting and receiving vortex light field can be divided into disc waveguide 1, interior grating
2nd, four parts such as coating grating 3 and straight wave guide 4；The material of the disc waveguide 1, interior grating 2 and straight wave guide 4 be silicon, coating
The material of grating 3 is zinc oxide；The disc waveguide 1 forms ring resonator, and interior grating 2 is located at the inner wall of disc waveguide 1, institute
State the upper surface that coating grating 3 is located at disc waveguide 1, the disc waveguide 1, interior grating 2 it is identical with the thickness of straight wave guide 4 and under
Surface is generally aligned in the same plane；Whole device is by low-index material Silica-coated.Disc waveguide 1 and the thickness of straight wave guide 4
It is respectively 220 nanometers and 550 nanometers with width, straight wave guide 4 is set close to 1 outer wall of disc waveguide, and gap therebetween is
150 nanometers；The inside radius of disc waveguide 1 is 3.9 microns, shares 41 interior gratings 2 and is distributed evenly in the interior of disc waveguide 1
Wall, the period of interior grating 2 is about 598 nanometers, and the length of side of interior grating 2 is about 60 nanometers, width and the thickness difference of coating grating 3
For 550 nanometers and 60 nanometers.
The vortex light field 5 of a branch of radial polarisation is irradiated into disc waveguide from top to bottom perpendicular to the upper surface of disc waveguide 1
1, and ensure that incident field center is overlapped with the geometric center position of disc waveguide 1.Vortex light field is coupled into annular by interior grating 2
The Whispering-gallery-mode of waveguide 1, and it is coupled into straight wave guide 4 again and in the internal transmission of straight wave guide 4.According to incident field and straight wave
The guided mode power in 4 is led, receiving efficiency of the present apparatus for vortex light field 5 can be calculated.Fig. 3 is given when coating grating 3 accounts for
When sky is than being 1, the relationship between the receiving efficiency and wavelength of the radial polarisation vortex light field 5 of different orbital angular momentums.It can see
Go out, for the vortex light field 5 of different orbital angular momentums, be constantly present unique resonant wavelength and correspond to highest receiving efficiency.Cause
This, can carry out the orbital angular momentum of the light field by the resonant wavelength for detecting radial polarisation vortex light field 5 to be measured effective
Identification.Meanwhile it is light field rail by adjusting incident field wavelength for radial polarisation vortex light field 5 known to orbital angular momentum
Resonant wavelength corresponding to road angular momentum, and cause the vortex light field 5 vertical and irradiate disc waveguide in a manner that center is aligned
1, it can realize the efficient reception of vortex light field 5.
According to effective model theory, when the duty ratio of coating grating 3 changes, the effective mode refractive index meeting of device
It changes therewith, therefore resonant wavelength can also shift.Fig. 4 gives the radial polarisation whirlpool for different orbital angular momentums
Optically-active field, the relationship between 3 duty ratio of coating grating and resonant wavelength.Find out with being apparent from, resonant wavelength and duty ratio
Between always close to linear relationship, thus provide and a kind of accurate control resonance realized by adjusting 3 duty ratio of coating grating
The method of wavelength.In conclusion this method, for detecting and receiving vortex light field with device miniaturization, speed of detection is fast, visits
Survey the features such as range is wide, and autgmentability is strong and is easily integrated.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of device detected and receive vortex light field, it is characterised in that：Including disc waveguide (1), interior grating (2), coating
Grating (3) and straight wave guide (4)；Coating grating (3) material is medium of the refractive index between 2 and 3, and is uniformly arranged on ring
The upper surface of shape waveguide (1)；The interior grating (2) is uniformly arranged on the inner wall of disc waveguide (1)；It is the disc waveguide (1), interior
Grating (2) and straight wave guide (4) are same media material, and the refractive index of the dielectric material is more than 3；The straight wave guide (4) is by near-ring
The outer wall setting of shape waveguide (1)；The disc waveguide (1), interior grating (2) are identical with the thickness of straight wave guide (4) and this three
Lower surface is generally aligned in the same plane；Above device is integrally wrapped up by exterior material, and the refractive index of the exterior material is less than 2.
2. a kind of method of orbital angular momentum using device detection vortex light field described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Packet
Include following steps：
Step 1: using the vortex light field of the radial polarisation of known orbital angular momentum as incident field perpendicular to disc waveguide (1)
Upper surface be irradiated in from top to bottom in disc waveguide (1), and the center of incident field is overlapped with the geometric center of disc waveguide；
Vortex light field is coupled into disc waveguide (1) by interior grating (2), is then coupled into straight wave guide (4) and in straight wave guide (4) with conduction
Pattern is transmitted；The guided mode power in straight wave guide (4) is detected, and receiving efficiency is calculated according to incident field power meter；
Step 2: changing the wavelength of the vortex light field of radial polarisation and repeating step 1, the diameter with the orbital angular momentum is obtained
To polarization vortex light field receiving efficiency with wavelength change data and obtain the resonance corresponding to wherein receiving efficiency peak value
Wavelength；
Step 3: changing the orbital angular momentum of the vortex light field of radial polarisation and repeating step 1 and two, different track angles are obtained
Resonant wavelength corresponding to the receiving efficiency peak value of the vortex light field of the radial polarisation of momentum forms pre-stored data collection；
Step 4: the vortex light field of the radial polarisation of orbital angular momentum known in step 1 and step 2 is replaced with into diameter to be measured
To the vortex light field of polarization, step 1 and two is repeated, obtains the receiving efficiency peak value institute of the vortex light field of radial polarisation to be measured
Corresponding resonant wavelength；
Step 5: it will obtain in the resonant wavelength of the vortex light field of the radial polarisation to be measured obtained in step 4 and step 3
Pre-stored data collection is compared, and selects the pre-stored data identical with the resonant wavelength of the vortex light field of radial polarisation to be measured, into
And the orbital angular momentum corresponding to the pre-stored data is obtained, the orbital angular momentum of the vortex light field of radial polarisation as to be measured.
A kind of 3. method that vortex light field is received using device described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
Step 1: using the vortex light field of the radial polarisation of known orbital angular momentum as incident field perpendicular to disc waveguide (1)
Upper surface be irradiated in from top to bottom in disc waveguide (1), and the center of incident field is overlapped with the geometric center of disc waveguide；
Vortex light field is coupled into disc waveguide (1) by interior grating (2), is then coupled into straight wave guide (4) and in straight wave guide (4) with conduction
Pattern is transmitted；The guided mode power in straight wave guide (4) is detected, and receiving efficiency is calculated according to incident field power meter；
Step 2: changing the wavelength of the vortex light field of radial polarisation and repeating step 1, the diameter with the orbital angular momentum is obtained
To polarization vortex light field receiving efficiency with wavelength change data and obtain the resonance corresponding to wherein receiving efficiency peak value
Wavelength；
Step 3: changing the orbital angular momentum of the vortex light field of radial polarisation and repeating step 1 and two, different track angles are obtained
Resonant wavelength corresponding to the receiving efficiency peak value of the vortex light field of the radial polarisation of momentum forms pre-stored data collection；
Step 4: using the vortex light field of the radial polarisation of known orbital angular momentum to be received as incident field, according to step
Resonant wavelength of the three pre-stored data collection obtained by the wavelength regulation of incident field corresponding to the orbital angular momentum, and this is entered
It penetrates light field vertical irradiation disc waveguide (1) and ensures that light field center and disc waveguide (1) geometric center are overlapped so as to receive incidence
Light field.
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| CN105826692B (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2018-09-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The lens and method of the vortex wave beam with convergence effect are generated based on super surface |
| CN106990547B (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2021-08-13 | 南开大学 | Dolphin-shaped cellular circle array super surface |
| CN109065703A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-12-21 | 电子科技大学 | A method of driving magnetic Skyrmion movement |
| CN109683239B (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2023-09-12 | 上海交大知识产权管理有限公司 | Vector vortex beam radiator in photon integrated chip and application thereof |
| CN111579100B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-04-16 | 河海大学常州校区 | Device and method for detecting topological charge number by using visual M-line method |
| CN112596168B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-10-18 | 深圳大学 | Vortex light beam generating method and device based on annular spiral fiber grating resonator |
| CN114325937A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-12 | 北京理工大学重庆创新中心 | Orbit angular momentum light beam generation and regulation device based on fork-shaped grating |
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