CN105353120A - 一种准确评定玉米黄曲霉毒素b1含量的方法 - Google Patents

一种准确评定玉米黄曲霉毒素b1含量的方法 Download PDF

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CN105353120A
CN105353120A CN201510938305.1A CN201510938305A CN105353120A CN 105353120 A CN105353120 A CN 105353120A CN 201510938305 A CN201510938305 A CN 201510938305A CN 105353120 A CN105353120 A CN 105353120A
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CN105353120B (zh
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林海
焦洪超
范国燕
赵景鹏
王晓鹃
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Shandong Agricultural University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种准确评定玉米黄曲霉毒素B1含量的方法,是将粉碎后玉米样品进行两步酶法(胃蛋白酶—胰酶)体外消化,取消化后的消化液以ELSIA方法进行其中黄曲霉毒素B1含量的测定,从而确定玉米样品中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量。取消化液以ELSIA方法进行黄曲霉毒素B1含量的测定,确定玉米样品中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量。目的是提供一种通过体外酶消化与ELISA测定相结合的快速准确测定玉米黄曲霉毒素B1含量且适于生产应用的方法,可以为养殖生产中饲料质量的保障提供支持。

Description

一种准确评定玉米黄曲霉毒素B1含量的方法
(一)技术领域
本发明涉及一种准确评定玉米黄曲霉毒素B1含量的方法,属于饲料技术领域。
(二)背景技术
霉菌毒素是霉菌在饲料、饲料原料等上生长的过程中所产生的有毒的次级代谢产物,包括霉菌使饲料的成分转变而形成的有毒物质。霉菌毒素能够干扰许多靶器官和系统,尤其是肝脏、肾脏、神经系统、内分泌系统和免疫系统等,引发人类和动物疾病。研究表明当植物受到霉菌毒素的侵害时,会进行自我保护,将非极性的毒素与糖、氨基酸或硫酸盐等结合,转化为极性更强的代谢产物,储存在液泡中或结合在器官、组织、细胞器等的生物大分子上,从而产生霉菌毒素的结合态。常规的霉菌毒素检测方法只能检测到游离态的霉菌毒素,不能检测结合态的霉菌毒素,因而这部分结合态的毒素也被称为隐蔽性毒素。现有的研究表明,结合态的霉菌毒素经动物消化后会被部分或全部释放出来,危害畜禽的健康,因此,建立一种将结合态霉菌毒素释放,准确地评定饲料及饲料原料中霉菌毒素含量的方法具有重要的意义。
(三)发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种准确评定玉米黄曲霉毒素B1含量的方法,目的是提供一种通过体外酶消化与ELISA测定相结合的准确测定玉米黄曲霉毒素B1含量且适于生产应用的方法,可以为养殖生产中饲料质量的保障提供支持。
本发明是这样实现的:将粉碎后玉米样品进行体外消化,取消化后的消化液以ELSIA方法进行其中黄曲霉毒素B1含量的测定,从而确定玉米样品中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量。
一种准确评定玉米黄曲霉毒素B1含量的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将玉米样品粉碎,过60目筛;
(2)准确称取步骤1)所述样品1.0g(精确到0.0001g),加入浓度为1.0mg/mL的胃蛋白酶水溶液10~15mL(pH=2),密封,35~40℃水浴恒温振荡(160~200r/min)消化3h;
(3)向步骤2)所述消化3h后的样品中加入浓度为1.0mol/LNaOH溶液0.1mL中和;
(4)向步骤3)所述中和后的样品中加入浓度为2.5mg/mL胰酶水溶液10~15mL,混合均匀后转移到12000~14000D的透析袋中,封口;
(5)将步骤4)所述封口后的透析袋放入200ml磷酸盐缓冲液(pH=7.6)中,35~40℃水浴恒温振荡(180~200r/min)消化4h;
(6)取步骤5)所述消化4h后、透析袋外消化液,以ELISA方法检测消化液中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量,检测操作按市售黄曲霉毒素B1检测试剂盒说明书方法进行。
本发明的使用效果是:作为一种通过体外酶消化方法将玉米原料中结合态霉菌毒素有效释放,可综合评定结合态和游离态霉菌毒素含量的方法,适用于生产中饲料原料和饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1含量的准确测定,能真实地反映饲料原料及饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1的实际含量,可以有效保障饲料质量。
(三)具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)采集发霉玉米样品1个,粉碎机粉碎,过60目筛;
(2)准确称取步骤(1)所述样品1.0362g,加入浓度为1.0mg/mL胃蛋白酶水溶液10mL(pH=2),密封,37℃水浴恒温振荡(180r/min)消化3h;
(3)向步骤(2)所述消化3h后的样品中加入浓度为1.0mol/LNaOH溶液0.1mL中和;
(4)向步骤(3)所述中和后的样品中加入浓度为2.5mg/mL胰酶水溶液10mL,混合均匀后转移到12000~14000D的透析袋中,封口;
(5)将步骤(4)所述封口后的透析袋放入200ml磷酸盐缓冲液(pH=7.6)中,37℃水浴恒温振荡(180r/min)消化4h;
(6)取步骤(5)所述消化4h后、透析袋外消化液,以ELISA方法检测消化液中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量(黄曲霉毒素B1检测试剂盒购自江苏省苏微微生物研究有限公司),检测操作按试剂盒说明书方法进行;使用试剂盒测定消化液中的黄曲霉毒素B1的含量,根据消化液中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量通过简单的消化液体积的换算折算成每克玉米中的量,即可得到每g玉米样品中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量。
(7)检测得到所采集发霉玉米样品黄曲霉毒素B1的含量为875.4ng/g。
实施例2
(1)采集的6份不同来源的发霉玉米样品,按照上述本发明的方法分别进行玉米样品体外消化和黄曲霉毒素B1含量的测定,同时以黄曲霉毒素B1检测试剂盒直接检测对应的未经体外消化玉米样品中黄曲霉毒素B1含量。检测所用黄曲霉毒素B1检测试剂盒均购自江苏省苏微微生物研究有限公司。
(2)试验结果
试验结果表明,玉米样品按本发明方法进行体外消化后再经ELISA方法检测的黄曲霉毒素B1含量较未经体外消化、直接ELISA方法检测的黄曲霉毒素B1含量显著升高(表1),结果证明黄曲霉毒素B1在玉米内存在结合态和游离态两种形式,结合态霉菌毒素经消化后会被释放出来,从而转变为游离态的霉菌毒素。
表1本发明方法与直接ELISA检测方法测定玉米样品黄曲霉毒素B1含量,ng/g

Claims (1)

1.一种准确评定玉米黄曲霉毒素B1含量的方法,其特征在于利用体外消化的方法有效释放玉米中的结合态黄曲霉毒素B1,结合ELISA方法准确评定黄曲霉毒素B1的含量;包括以下步骤:
(1)将玉米样品粉碎,过60目筛;
(2)准确称取步骤1)所述样品1.0g,加入浓度为1.0mg/mL、pH=2的胃蛋白酶水溶液10~15mL,密封,35~40℃水浴、160~200r/min恒温振荡消化3h;
(3)向步骤2)所述消化3h后的样品中加入浓度为1.0mol/LNaOH溶液0.1mL中和;
(4)向步骤3)所述中和后的样品中加入浓度为2.5mg/mL胰酶水溶液10~15mL,混合均匀后转移到12000~14000D的透析袋中,封口;
(5)将步骤4)所述封口后的透析袋放入200mlpH=7.6的磷酸盐缓冲液中,35~40℃水浴180~200r/min恒温振荡消化4h;
(6)取步骤5)所述消化4h后、透析袋外消化液,以ELISA方法检测消化液中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量。
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