CN105351942A - Pyrolysis and gasification garbage incinerator adopting oxygen enriched combustion technique - Google Patents
Pyrolysis and gasification garbage incinerator adopting oxygen enriched combustion technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN105351942A CN105351942A CN201510900766.XA CN201510900766A CN105351942A CN 105351942 A CN105351942 A CN 105351942A CN 201510900766 A CN201510900766 A CN 201510900766A CN 105351942 A CN105351942 A CN 105351942A
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- oxygen
- incinerator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
- F23G5/165—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber arranged at a different level
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pyrolysis and gasification garbage incinerator adopting an oxygen enriched combustion technique. The pyrolysis and gasification garbage incinerator comprises an oxygen preparation unit, an oxygen injection unit and an incinerator main body unit, wherein the oxygen injection unit is connected with the oxygen preparation unit and the incinerator main body unit, the oxygen injection unit comprises a booster fan, a shutoff valve and two oxygen flow control devices, and each oxygen flow control device comprises a flow meter, a regulating valve, a stop valve, a mixer and an air supply fan; the shutoff valve is connected with the flow meters; the incinerator main body unit comprises an incinerator body and a smoke purification device, and the incinerator body comprises a first combustion chamber, a second combustion chamber and a partition. According to the pyrolysis and gasification garbage incinerator, the problems of low combustion temperature and combustion efficiency, substandard pollutant discharge and the like caused by low oxygen content of air or low garbage calorific value can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to incinerator field, more specifically, relate to a kind of pyrolytic gasification incinerator adopting oxygen-enriched combustion technology.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the fast development of economy and the living standard of people improve gradually, the house refuse problem of China is more and more serious, many large-and-medium size cities are faced with the predicament of " garbage-surrounded city ", moreover, some little county towns, small towns, stockaded village and tourist spot also exist a difficult problem for domestic rubbish disposal too.The topmost two kinds of trash processing way of current China are landfill and burning, and composting process requires higher to component of refuse and content of organics, thus less employing.Landfill method technique is simple, cost of investment is low, large-scale application is obtained in China, but in recent years along with China's land resource is more and more rare, suitable landfill factory factory site is selected also to become difficulty, no longer, the percolate that produces of landfill and landfill gas also can cause severe contamination to soil and air to landfill method economy advantage in addition.Waste incineration because it is innoxious, the new trend of minimizing and advantage becomes just gradually China's garbage disposal such as resource effect is better.
Pyrolyzing, gasifying and incinerating technology is a kind of incineration treatment of garbage technology emerging in recent years.Adopt the incinerator of this technology primarily of combustion fan, burner, the first composition such as combustion room, dual firing chamber etc.This technology exhaust gas volumn is few, compact equipment, ignition temperature are easy to control, and in addition, because the first combustion room is in anaerobic condition, Cu, Fe, Al etc. in rubbish are not easily oxidized, decrease the generation promoting the catalyst that bioxin generates.
At present, for actual conditions, this technology still also exists following problem:
1), process water content higher rubbish time, practical operation situation is not ideal.China's house refuse complicated component, water content is high, calorific value is low, the combustible gas calorific value produced after refuse pyrolysis is lower and unstable, only by the burning of combustible gas, second combustion room temperature is difficult to remain on higher temperature, often need in real process to drop into the auxiliary fuels such as a large amount of diesel oil, operating cost is increased greatly.
2) because anoxic the problems referred to above can be more serious when, conventional pyrolysis incinerator runs in highlands.In the air of highlands, oxygen content is low, and in order to ensure to burn completely, need to blast compared to the more air in plains region, this can make the temperature of dual firing chamber greatly reduce, and is difficult to the decomposition ensureing the harmful substances such as bioxin.
Summary of the invention
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of pyrolytic gasification incinerator adopting oxygen-enriched combustion technology, it can make exhaust gas volumn greatly reduce, the simplification of follow-up smoke processing system will be conducive to, reduce cost of investment and operating cost, be also conducive to the miniaturization of equipment simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, according to the present invention, provide a kind of pyrolytic gasification incinerator adopting oxygen-enriched combustion technology, it is characterized in that, comprise oxygen and prepare unit, oxygen injection unit and incinerator main unit, wherein,
Oxygen prepares unit, by pipeline, the oxygen rich gas of generation is accessed described oxygen injection unit for generation of oxygen rich gas;
Oxygen injection unit, unit is prepared and incinerator main unit is connected with described oxygen, for injecting oxygen rich gas to incinerator main body, it comprises booster fan, shut-off valve and two oxygen flux control devices, each oxygen flux control device includes flowmeter, control valve, stop valve, blender and air feed blower fan, wherein, described flowmeter connects described control valve and stop valve successively, described blender comprises entrance I, entrance II and outlet, described stop valve connects the entrance I of described incinerator main unit and described blender respectively, the entrance II of described blender is connected with described air feed blower fan and the outlet of described blender is connected with described incinerator main unit,
Described shut-off valve is connected with flow meters respectively;
Incinerator main unit, comprise incinerator body and smoke eliminator, described incinerator body comprises the first combustion room, dual firing chamber and dividing plate, wherein, described first combustion room and dual firing chamber by described baffle for separating, thus make the first combustion room in the below of dual firing chamber, described dividing plate is provided with through hole, to make the first combustion room be communicated with dual firing chamber, the top of described dual firing chamber is connected with smoke eliminator by flue, for the flue gas that purification dual firing chamber produces;
In addition, the outlet of the blender of one of them oxygen flux control device is all fired room with first with stop valve and is connected, and the mixer outlet of another oxygen flux control device is all connected with dual firing chamber with stop valve.
Preferably, described oxygen prepares unit by any one generation oxygen rich gas in membrane separation process, pressure swing adsorption method or Deep Cooling Method.
Preferably, each oxygen flux control device also comprises diffusion valve, and described diffusion valve is arranged between described control valve and described stop valve.
Preferably, in described dual firing chamber, being also provided with spoiler, for improving the turbulivity of the second combustion indoor, the time of staying of prolong smoke, promoting the decomposition of bioxin.
Preferably, described first combustion room and dual firing chamber are 30:60 ~ 30:80 for the equivalent proportion of oxygen rich gas consumption.
Preferably, the excess air coefficient of described dual firing chamber is 1.3 ~ 1.5.
Preferably, rubbish is when under the environment of the first combustion room anoxic, pyrolytic gasification produces fuel gas, in the first combustion room and dual firing chamber, oxygen rich gas is injected by oxygen injection unit, to improve the calorific value of the fuel gas that the first combustion room produces and to make the ignition temperature of dual firing chamber maintain more than 1100 DEG C, ensure that fuel gas is at the indoor Thorough combustion of the second combustion, discharges finally by smoke eliminator.
In general, the above technical scheme conceived by the present invention compared with prior art, can obtain following beneficial effect:
1) the present invention is when processing the rubbish that water content is high, calorific value is lower, by noting oxygen to the first combustion room, decrease the nitrogen amount entering the first combustion room, improve the calorific value of combustible gas, the combustion conditions of the second combustion indoor is improved, and then the consumption of auxiliary fuel can be reduced, reduce operating cost.
2) the present invention by noting oxygen toward dual firing chamber in, and the second combustion indoor temperature can be made to be improved, and is conducive to the decomposition of the harmful substances such as the Thorough combustion of combustible gas and bioxin, minimizing waste incineration pollution on the environment.In addition, after dual firing chamber's note oxygen, excess air coefficient reduces, and exhaust gas volumn will greatly reduce, and will be conducive to the simplification of follow-up smoke processing system, reduces cost of investment and operating cost, is also conducive to the miniaturization of equipment simultaneously.
3) the present invention adopts the pyrolytic gasification incinerator of oxygen-enriched combustion technology normally can run under the weather conditions of highlands anoxic, can effectively solve due to problems such as low the caused efficiency of combustion of oxygen content in air are low, ignition temperature is low, and pollutant emission is not up to standard.
4) the present invention adopts oxygen-enriched combustion technology can solve high-moisture, high ash content waste of low heating value burns instability problem; Adopt the discharge standard that oxygen-enriched combustion technology can make conventional spam incinerator reach higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing at A place in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, if below in described each embodiment of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, a kind of pyrolytic gasification incinerator adopting oxygen-enriched combustion technology, is characterized in that, comprises oxygen and prepares unit 1, oxygen injection unit 2 and incinerator main unit 3, wherein,
Oxygen prepares unit 1, and it is for generation of oxygen rich gas and by pipeline, the oxygen rich gas of generation is injected described oxygen injection unit 2;
Oxygen injection unit 2, itself and described oxygen prepare unit 1 and described incinerator main unit 3 is connected, for injecting oxygen rich gas to incinerator main body, it comprises booster fan 21, shut-off valve 22 and two oxygen flux control devices, each oxygen flux control device includes flowmeter 23, control valve 24, stop valve 26, blender 27 and air feed blower fan 28, wherein, described flowmeter 23 connects described control valve 24 and stop valve 26 successively, described blender 27 comprises entrance I, entrance II and outlet, described stop valve 26 connects entrance I and the incinerator main unit 3 of described blender 27 respectively, the entrance II of described blender 27 is connected with described air feed blower fan 28 and the outlet of described blender 27 is connected with described incinerator main unit 3, preferably, each oxygen flux control device also comprises diffusion valve 25, and described diffusion valve 25 is arranged between described control valve and described stop valve 26.
Described shut-off valve 22 is connected with flow meters 23 respectively;
Incinerator main unit 3, comprise incinerator body and smoke eliminator 33, described incinerator body comprises the first combustion room 31, dual firing chamber 32 and dividing plate, described first combustion room 31 and dual firing chamber 32 are by described baffle for separating, thus make the first combustion room 31 in the below of dual firing chamber 32, described dividing plate is provided with through hole, be communicated with dual firing chamber 32 for making the first combustion room 31, described smoke eliminator 33 is connected by the top of flue with dual firing chamber 32, for the flue gas that purification dual firing chamber 32 produces, in addition, blender 27 outlet of one of them oxygen flux control device is all fired room 31 with first with stop valve 26 and is connected, blender 27 outlet of another oxygen flux control device is all connected with dual firing chamber 32 with stop valve 26.
Further, described oxygen prepares unit 1 by any one generation oxygen rich gas in membrane separation process, pressure swing adsorption method or Deep Cooling Method.
Preferably, in described dual firing chamber 32, being also provided with spoiler, for improving the turbulivity in dual firing chamber 32, the time of staying of prolong smoke, the pollutants such as bioxin being decomposed completely.
Further, the excess air coefficient of described dual firing chamber 32 is 1.3 ~ 1.5.
Further, rubbish is when under the environment of the first combustion room 31 anoxic, pyrolytic gasification produces fuel gas, in the first combustion room 31 and dual firing chamber 32, oxygen rich gas is injected by oxygen injection unit 2, to improve the calorific value of the fuel gas that the first combustion room 31 produces and to make the ignition temperature of dual firing chamber 32 maintain more than 1100 DEG C, ensure fuel gas Thorough combustion in dual firing chamber 32, discharge finally by smoke eliminator 33.
Oxygen prepares unit 1 provides certain oxygen concentration oxygen rich gas by UF membrane, pressure-variable adsorption or Deep Cooling Method.
Its basic structure of oxygen injection unit 2 as shown in Figure 2, is mainly used in the flow of adjustment oxygen rich gas, oxygen concentration and pressure, and it is injected into respectively the first combustion room 31, the dual firing chamber 32 of incinerator.
In the present invention, the mode of oxygen rich gas injection burner hearth is divided into following two kinds:
1) for the oxygen rich gas that oxygen concentration is relatively low, can directly be injected into incinerator first respectively fire room 31, dual firing chamber 32 by the first combustion room 31, dual firing chamber 32 note oxygen pipeline after booster fan 21 pressurizes, the injection of the first combustion room 31, dual firing chamber 32 combustion air can be cancelled simultaneously;
2) for the oxygen rich gas that oxygen concentration is higher, booster fan 21 is first injected into the first combustion room 31, dual firing chamber 32 air supply line after pressurizeing respectively, and sends into first after combustion air by a certain percentage Homogeneous phase mixing more respectively and fires room 31, dual firing chamber 32.
The combustion air of the first combustion room 31 of the present invention, dual firing chamber 32 is provided by two frequency conversion fans 28 respectively, noting, oxygen pipeline and first fires room 31, blender 27 is also equipped with in the junction of dual firing chamber 32 air supply line, ensures the Homogeneous phase mixing of oxygen rich gas and combustion air.
Flowmeter 23 and control valve 24 are housed on pipeline, for noting the adjustment of oxygen amount in the present invention.For ensureing security of system, the female pipe of oxygen is equipped with shut-off valve 22, note oxygen pipeline is equipped with stop valve 26 and diffusion valve 25, for stopping rapidly the injection of oxygen rich gas during emergency and the oxygen rich gas that pipeline is remaining being diffused.In incinerator running, it is auxiliary that the consumption of oxygen rich gas fires room 31 based on dual firing chamber 32, the first, and in the first combustion room 31, dual firing chamber 32, the ratio of the consumption of oxygen rich gas is 30:60 ~ 30:80, is preferably 30:70.
During work, rubbish is pyrolytic gasification generation fuel gas under the environment of the first combustion room 31 anoxic first, and fuel gas enters dual firing chamber 32 Thorough combustion subsequently, flue gas discharge after smoke eliminator 33 processes of generation.As improvement of the present invention, in the first combustion room 31, inject oxygen rich gas reduce blasting of nitrogen, improve the calorific value of combustible gas, reduce the consumption of auxiliary fuel; Inject oxygen rich gas overheavy firing process toward dual firing chamber 32, improve incineration temperature, ensure the thorough decomposition of the harmful substances such as bioxin, reduce waste incineration pollution on the environment.Also being provided with spoiler in dual firing chamber 32, for improving the turbulivity in dual firing chamber 32, the time of staying of prolong smoke, the harmful substances such as bioxin being decomposed completely.The control of incinerator the first combustion room 31, dual firing chamber 32 incineration temperature in running is realized by regulating combustion air amount, the oxygen rich air scale of construction and auxiliary fuel consumption by automatic control system, wherein the first combustion room 31 temperature maintains 500 ~ 600 DEG C, the excess air coefficient of dual firing chamber 32 is preferably 1.3 ~ 1.5, further be preferably about 1.4, temperature maintains more than 1100 DEG C.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. adopt a pyrolytic gasification incinerator for oxygen-enriched combustion technology, it is characterized in that, comprise oxygen and prepare unit, oxygen injection unit and incinerator main unit, wherein,
Oxygen prepares unit, by pipeline, the oxygen rich gas of generation is accessed described oxygen injection unit for generation of oxygen rich gas;
Oxygen injection unit, unit is prepared and incinerator main unit is connected with described oxygen, for injecting oxygen rich gas to incinerator main body, it comprises booster fan, shut-off valve and two oxygen flux control devices, each oxygen flux control device includes flowmeter, control valve, stop valve, blender and air feed blower fan, wherein, described flowmeter connects described control valve and stop valve successively, described blender comprises entrance I, entrance II and outlet, described stop valve connects the entrance I of described incinerator main unit and described blender respectively, the entrance II of described blender is connected with described air feed blower fan and the outlet of described blender is connected with described incinerator main unit,
Described shut-off valve is connected with flow meters respectively;
Incinerator main unit, comprise incinerator body and smoke eliminator, described incinerator body comprises the first combustion room, dual firing chamber and dividing plate, wherein, described first combustion room and dual firing chamber by described baffle for separating, thus make the first combustion room in the below of dual firing chamber, described dividing plate is provided with through hole, to make the first combustion room be communicated with dual firing chamber, the top of described dual firing chamber is connected with smoke eliminator by flue, for the flue gas that purification dual firing chamber produces;
In addition, the outlet of the blender of one of them oxygen flux control device is all fired room with first with stop valve and is connected, and the mixer outlet of another oxygen flux control device is all connected with dual firing chamber with stop valve.
2. a kind of pyrolytic gasification incinerator adopting oxygen-enriched combustion technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described oxygen is prepared unit and produced oxygen rich gas by any one in membrane separation process, pressure swing adsorption method or Deep Cooling Method.
3. a kind of pyrolytic gasification incinerator adopting oxygen-enriched combustion technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, each oxygen flux control device also comprises diffusion valve, and described diffusion valve is arranged between described control valve and described stop valve.
4. a kind of pyrolytic gasification incinerator adopting oxygen-enriched combustion technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described dual firing chamber, be also provided with spoiler, for improving the turbulivity of the second combustion indoor, the time of staying of prolong smoke, promote the decomposition of bioxin.
5. a kind of pyrolytic gasification incinerator adopting oxygen-enriched combustion technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first combustion room and dual firing chamber are 30:60 ~ 30:80 for the equivalent proportion of oxygen rich gas consumption.
6. a kind of pyrolytic gasification incinerator adopting oxygen-enriched combustion technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the excess air coefficient of described dual firing chamber is 1.3 ~ 1.5.
7. a kind of pyrolytic gasification incinerator adopting oxygen-enriched combustion technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, rubbish is when under the environment of the first combustion room anoxic, pyrolytic gasification produces fuel gas, in the first combustion room and dual firing chamber, oxygen rich gas is injected by oxygen injection unit, to improve the calorific value of the fuel gas that the first combustion room produces and to make the ignition temperature of dual firing chamber maintain more than 1100 DEG C, ensure that fuel gas is at the indoor Thorough combustion of the second combustion, discharges finally by smoke eliminator.
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| CN106402902A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2017-02-15 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for incinerating dangerous solid wastes by utilizing high-concentration oxygen |
| CN110006055A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-12 | 湖南大学 | Double unit refuse gasification incinerators and waste disposal method |
| CN110102563A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-09 | 云南简澜环保科技有限公司 | Recycling tail gas type ultralow temperature thermal cracking domestic garbage treating system and technique |
| CN111853801A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-30 | 山东百川同创能源有限公司 | Garbage pyrolysis gasification incineration system and technology |
| CN113237063A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-10 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Waste incineration equipment |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN105351942B (en) | 2018-04-24 |
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