CN105351361A - 椭圆形腔静压回转台油垫 - Google Patents

椭圆形腔静压回转台油垫 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105351361A
CN105351361A CN201510871112.9A CN201510871112A CN105351361A CN 105351361 A CN105351361 A CN 105351361A CN 201510871112 A CN201510871112 A CN 201510871112A CN 105351361 A CN105351361 A CN 105351361A
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oil
hydrostatic
oil film
lubricating pad
oval
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Inventor
于晓东
耿磊
王梓璇
郑小军
孙丹丹
张艳芹
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201510871112.9A priority Critical patent/CN105351361A/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
    • F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
    • F16C32/064—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion the liquid being supplied under pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
    • B23Q1/38—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members using fluid bearings or fluid cushion supports

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

椭圆形腔静压回转台油垫。大型立式数控加工装备在高速，重载和微间隙极端工况下，静压推力轴承间隙油膜温度急剧升高，润滑油粘度急剧下降，油膜迅速变薄，油膜变形加大，导致承载能力下降，造成加工精度下降。为了解决这一难题本发明提出了将静压油垫油腔设计成椭圆形，通过增大油腔面积来增大了承载能力，进而有效的改善加工工程中油膜的变形，使静压推力轴承高效率运转。

Description

椭圆形腔静压回转台油垫
技术领域
本发明涉及一种简单有效的静压回转台油垫的腔形，尤其涉及的是椭圆形腔静压回转台油垫。
背景技术
静压轴承因其承载能力大、运行稳定可靠、摩擦阻力小、刚度高等优点广泛应用于我国的重型设备中并成为核心部件，我国开始加大对重型静压轴承油垫的油腔形状研究。重载高速运转工况条件下，静压支承的高刚度、高稳定性要求轴承工作间隙很小，在微间隙中轴承润滑介质受到强剪切与挤压，达到了一种极端的工况。这种极端工况下油膜变形加大，静压损失比较严重，导致承载能力下降，造成加工精度下降，严重时机器损坏，给国家经济带来损失。
发明内容
本发明重点解决在高速重载这一极端工况下出现承载能力下降的问题，从而提出一种结构简单，合理有效的椭圆形油腔的静压轴承油垫以此解决这一问题。
为了攻克这一难题本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种椭圆形腔的静压回转台的油垫其主要特征是扇形体，中间为椭圆形油腔，其中油腔的面积占整个油垫面积的80%，油垫总的的厚度为18mm,油腔的深度为8mm。在油腔中有一个进油口，使油管与进油口联接时距离较短，方便液压油进入到进油口。
本发明与已有的技术相比有如下益处：本发明结构简单，加工成本较低，而且能够有效改善加工工程中油膜的变形,减小工作过程中油膜的发热。避免由于载荷过大出现承载能力不足的问题。使静压回转台高效率运转。为在极端工况下静压支承的摩擦失效提供了一种较为合理的方案。也为静压支承的相关理论提供技术支持。
附图说明
图1是油垫的三维立体图，图2是单个油垫与底座的十二分之一装配图，图3是12个油垫沿底座排列的简图。
具体实施方式
结合各个说明书附图说明；一种静压回转台椭圆形油垫1主要是油垫的主体结构，它的形状是扇形，油垫的上端是一个椭圆形的油腔1-1，油腔内有一个进油口1-2液压油通过进油口1-2流入油腔1-1。油垫总厚度是18mm,油腔深度是8mm。
工作原理：工作时将12个相同的油垫1均匀的布置在底座2上，然后将机床旋转工作台安装在椭圆形油垫上，当液压油通过进油口1-2输入到油腔1-1时，液压油在油腔1-1形成很大的压力，最终由于液压油的不断输入从而工作台被顶起，导致油垫与旋转工作台之间形成了一层薄油膜，机床旋转工作台和椭圆形油垫1处于完全的流体润滑状态。通常当机床旋转工作台受到高速重载的时候，支承油膜厚度减小，发热量增加且工作台与底座2变形也变大，液压油甩油量加大，严重时导致油垫1和机床旋转工作台直接接触形成干摩擦，进而出现摩擦失效。但是由于椭圆形油垫1腔型的面积比较大，外载荷对椭圆形腔油膜的力变形量较小。椭圆形腔承载能力加大的缘故。所以当油垫1在液压油压力作用下，它的圆周甩油量会发生明显的减小从而油膜的变形也会相应的减小，这就在一定程度上避免了干摩擦的形成。从而改善了加工过程中油膜发热大和承载能力不足的现象，保证了静压回转台的有效运转，提高了加工精度。

Claims (1)

1.椭圆形腔静压回转台油垫，其特征在于：油垫主体（1），油垫主体（1）为扇形体，扇形体内部为椭圆形油腔（1-1），椭圆形油腔（1-1）上端面加工有进油孔（1-2）；
本发明结构简单，加工成本较低，而且能够有效改善加工工程中油膜的变形，减小工作过程中油膜的发热，避免由于载荷过大出现承载能力不足的问题，使静压回转台高效率运转，为在极端工况下静压支承的摩擦失效提供了一种较为合理的方案。
CN201510871112.9A 2015-12-02 2015-12-02 椭圆形腔静压回转台油垫 Pending CN105351361A (zh)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4443370B2 (ja) * 2004-10-07 2010-03-31 セイコーインスツル株式会社 工作機械
CN102039527A (zh) * 2010-09-29 2011-05-04 中捷机床有限公司 控制浮起量的开式静压回转工作台及其制造方法
CN202628816U (zh) * 2012-06-14 2012-12-26 宁波钢铁有限公司 一种轧钢电动机动静压混合润滑的止推轴承
CN103438097A (zh) * 2013-08-30 2013-12-11 哈尔滨理工大学 双向动静压混合润滑推力轴承
CN104141686A (zh) * 2014-06-26 2014-11-12 哈尔滨电气动力装备有限公司 自调节高压油顶起装置
CN204592002U (zh) * 2015-03-23 2015-08-26 哈尔滨理工大学 一种扇形腔静压推力轴承的可倾式油垫

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4443370B2 (ja) * 2004-10-07 2010-03-31 セイコーインスツル株式会社 工作機械
CN102039527A (zh) * 2010-09-29 2011-05-04 中捷机床有限公司 控制浮起量的开式静压回转工作台及其制造方法
CN202628816U (zh) * 2012-06-14 2012-12-26 宁波钢铁有限公司 一种轧钢电动机动静压混合润滑的止推轴承
CN103438097A (zh) * 2013-08-30 2013-12-11 哈尔滨理工大学 双向动静压混合润滑推力轴承
CN104141686A (zh) * 2014-06-26 2014-11-12 哈尔滨电气动力装备有限公司 自调节高压油顶起装置
CN204592002U (zh) * 2015-03-23 2015-08-26 哈尔滨理工大学 一种扇形腔静压推力轴承的可倾式油垫

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Application publication date: 20160224