CN105348918A - Environment-friendly jet ink and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly jet ink and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105348918A CN105348918A CN201510873120.7A CN201510873120A CN105348918A CN 105348918 A CN105348918 A CN 105348918A CN 201510873120 A CN201510873120 A CN 201510873120A CN 105348918 A CN105348918 A CN 105348918A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- environmental protection
- printing ink
- resin
- protection code
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/32—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
- C09D11/328—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents characterised by dyes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/36—Inkjet printing inks based on non-aqueous solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/38—Inkjet printing inks characterised by non-macromolecular additives other than solvents, pigments or dyes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an environment-friendly jet ink and a preparation method thereof, and relates to ink. The environment-friendly jet ink comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of resin, 0.5-1.5 parts of silicone wax, 0.1-0.3 part of a foam breaking agent, 4-8 parts of dyestuff, 0.1-0.3 part of a leveling agent, 0.5-0.8 part of a film-forming aid and the balance of ethanol. The preparation method for the environment-friendly jet ink comprises the following steps: adding resin into a dispersion stirring machine in which anhydrous ethanol is arranged, and continuously stirring till dissolving; adding dyestuff and continuously stirring; after dissolving, sequentially adding silicone wax, the foam breaking agent, the leveling agent and the film-forming additive under the condition of stirring, continuously stirring for 60-90 min with the stirring speed of 800 r/min, and allowing a solution obtained through mixed stirring to pass a pressure filter of which a filter membrane is 20 microns in pore diameter to obtain the environment-friendly jet ink. The environment-friendly jet ink is high in drying rate, nontoxic, environment-friendly, high in adhesion, and suitable for various base materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ink, particularly relate to a kind of code-spraying printing ink, particularly a kind of environmental protection code-spraying printing ink and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Code jetting device be one efficiently, marking instrument flexibly, be the necessaries of production mechanization automatization, be used for mark lot number, serial number, date manufactured, the quality guaranteed period etc., there is automatization, production efficiency advantages of higher.
The ink that current code jetting device adopts mainly uses benzene class, halogenated hydrocarbon, ester class and ketone to be solvent, exist solvent odor large, poisonous, produce and the shortcoming such as environment for use is severe, harmful to human, contaminate environment, along with the progress of human society and the reinforcement of environmental consciousness, its use range will be restricted further until eliminated by environmentfriendly products.
Chinese patent CN201310118831 discloses a kind of polyethylene high-performance emulsions type water-based ink-jet ink and preparation method thereof, but this ink take still butanone as primary solvent, the shortcoming such as have that smell is large, plant operations bad environments, environmental pollution are serious.
Chinese patent CN201210536365 is open a kind of without benzene jetted ink and preparation method thereof, but this ink still with butanone, ethyl acetate for primary solvent, non-aqueous environment-friendlyink ink.
Chinese patent CN201310576163 discloses a kind of quick-dry type aqueous ink-jet inks and preparation method thereof, and this invention take resin emulsion as basic raw material, and deionized water is primary solvent, exist dry slow, part thereof poor adhesive force, the shortcomings such as water tolerance weathering resistance difference, limit its use range.
Summary of the invention
In view of prior art is not enough, environmental protection code-spraying printing ink the object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of sticking power is comparatively strong, solvent resistance is good, be applicable to multiple base material, not fading and preparation method thereof.
Described environmental protection code-spraying printing ink, count by weight, it consists of: resin 15 ~ 25 parts, silicon wax: 0.5 ~ 1.5 part, defoamer 0.1 ~ 0.3 part, dyestuff 4 ~ 8 parts, flow agent 0.1 ~ 0.3 part, film coalescence aid 0.5 ~ 0.8 part, surplus is dehydrated alcohol.
Described resin can be selected from vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, methylene-succinic acid, Hydroxyethyl acrylate, Propylene glycol monoacrylate, hydroxyethyl methylacrylate, Rocryl 410, glycidyl methacrylate, the acrylic monomer containing carboxyl or hydroxy functional group of at least one in glycidyl acrylate etc. and be selected from vinylbenzene, methyl methacrylate, β-dimethyl-aminoethylmethacrylate, butyl methacrylate, Propenoic acid, 2-methyl, isobutyl ester, methyl acrylate, ethyl propenoate, butyl acrylate, vinyl cyanide, the unsaturated monomer of at least 3 kinds in Vinylstyrene etc. and urethane resin, the polymer monomers such as polyvinyl alcohol at least one wherein or several mixing, described resin act as ink matrix, be provided as membrane substance.
In certain embodiments, described resin can be the mixture of Propylene glycol monoacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, Propenoic acid, 2-methyl, isobutyl ester, urethane resin.
In another embodiment, described resin can be the mixture of methylene-succinic acid, glycidyl acrylate, vinylbenzene, butyl acrylate, Propenoic acid, 2-methyl, isobutyl ester, polyvinyl alcohol.
In still another embodiment, described resin can be the mixture of methacrylic acid, vinyl cyanide, Propenoic acid, 2-methyl, isobutyl ester, ethyl propenoate, urethane resin, polyvinyl alcohol.
Contain carboxyl or the acrylic monomer of hydroxy functional group and the ratio of weight and number between unsaturated monomer and polymer monomer in described resin and can be 2 ~ 10:5 ~ 15:4 ~ 8.
One or more in described defoamer optional self-emulsifying silicone oil, the fatty acid ester compounded thing of higher alcohols, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene tetramethylolmethane ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxy propyl alcohol amidogen ether, polypropylene glycerol aether and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glyceryl ether, polydimethylsiloxane etc., preferred polydimethylsiloxane, the bubble act as in elimination ink of described defoamer.
Described dyestuff is one or more mixing in matching stain, basic dyestuff, substantive dyestuff, reactive dyestuffs etc.
Described flow agent is one or more mixing in butyl cellulose, polyacrylic acid, carboxymethyl cellulose etc., preferred butyl cellulose.
Described film coalescence aid is one or more in butyl glycol ether, propandiol butyl ether, 1-Methoxy-2-propyl acetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether acetic ester etc., preferred butyl glycol ether.
Environmental protection code-spraying printing ink of the present invention is applicable to multiple base material as metal, rubber, timber etc.
The preparation method of described environmental protection code-spraying printing ink, comprises the following steps:
Being joined by resin is equipped with in the dispersator of dehydrated alcohol, and Keep agitation is until dissolve; Add dyestuff again and Keep agitation; After dissolving, under the condition stirred, add silicon wax, defoamer, flow agent, film coalescence aid successively, Keep agitation 60-90min again, stirring velocity 800r/min, the solution obtained by mix and blend after filtration membrane pore size is the pressure filter of 20 microns, namely obtains environmental protection code-spraying printing ink of the present invention.
The present invention take dehydrated alcohol as solvent, preferably possesses the material of environmental protection standard, and have rate of drying fast, asepsis environment-protecting, sticking power is good, is suitable for the code jetting device code-spraying printing ink of multiple base material.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1. adopt ethanol as solvent, environment-protecting asepsis is pollution-free.
2. rate of drying is fast.
3. sticking power is good, is applicable to multiple base material.
4. solvent resistance is good, does not fade.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But it will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example only for illustration of the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting scope of the present invention.Unreceipted concrete technology or condition person in embodiment, according to the technology described by the document in this area or condition or carry out according to product description.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, be and can buy by market the conventional products obtained.
Embodiment 1:
Being joined by resin is equipped with in the dispersator of dehydrated alcohol, and Keep agitation is until dissolve; Add dyestuff again and Keep agitation; After dissolving, under the condition stirred, add silicon wax, defoamer, flow agent, film coalescence aid successively, then Keep agitation 60min, rotating speed is 800r/min, and the solution obtained by mix and blend after filtration membrane pore size is that namely the pressure filter of 50 microns obtains environmental protection code-spraying printing ink.
Count by weight, consisting of of each raw material: (wherein, every part is 2g)
Resin 15 parts, it is composed of the following components: Propylene glycol monoacrylate 1 part, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate 2 parts, methyl methacrylate 1 part, butyl methacrylate 4 parts, Propenoic acid, 2-methyl, isobutyl ester 3 parts, urethane resin 4 parts;
Silicon wax: 1.5 parts; Polydimethylsiloxane: 0.3 part;
Butyl glycol ether 0.8 part; Dyestuff: 4 parts;
Dehydrated alcohol: 78.1 parts of butyl celluloses: 0.3 part.
Embodiment 2:
Preparation method is similar to Example 1, and its difference is that the time of Keep agitation is 90min.
Count by weight, consisting of of each raw material: (wherein, every part is 2g)
Resin 25 parts, it is composed of the following components: methylene-succinic acid 3 parts, glycidyl acrylate 7 parts, vinylbenzene 2 parts, butyl acrylate 7 parts, Propenoic acid, 2-methyl, isobutyl ester 1 part, polyvinyl alcohol 5 parts;
Defoamer 0.1 part; Dyestuff 4 parts;
Film coalescence aid 0.5 part; Flow agent 0.1 part;
0.5 part, dehydrated alcohol 59.8 parts of silicon waxes.
Embodiment 3:
Preparation method is similar to Example 1, and its difference is that the time of Keep agitation is 90min.
Count by weight, consisting of of each raw material:
Resin 20 parts, it is made up of following component: methacrylic acid 5 parts, vinyl cyanide 1 part, Propenoic acid, 2-methyl, isobutyl ester 3 parts, ethyl propenoate 3 parts, urethane resin 2 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 6 parts;
Defoamer 0.1 part; Dyestuff 8 parts;
Film coalescence aid 0.5 part; Flow agent 0.1 part;
0.5 part, silicon wax; Dehydrated alcohol 70.8 parts.
Embodiment 4: environmental protection code-spraying printing ink test experiments
1. the solution index that embodiment 1 is obtained detects as follows:
PH value: 6-6.5
Viscosity: 4.5-6.0mps
Proportion: 0.80-0.85g/cm
3
Specific conductivity: 800-1000us/cm
Surface tension: 35-45mn/m.
2. adopt the mode of ink-jet to be sprayed on plastic sheet solution obtained for embodiment 1, plastic sheet used is the common plastics materials such as PET, PVC, PP, place at room temperature 25 DEG C with hundred its sticking power of lattice testing method after 10 ~ 30s, result: do not come off area 100%, and it is qualified to be judged to be.
The environmental protection code-spraying printing ink that embodiment 1-3 obtains may be used for metal, rubber, timber etc.
The above specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an environmental protection code-spraying printing ink, it is characterized in that: count by weight, it consists of: resin 15 ~ 25 parts, 0.5 ~ 1.5 part, silicon wax, defoamer 0.1 ~ 0.3 part, dyestuff 4 ~ 8 parts, flow agent 0.1 ~ 0.3 part, film coalescence aid 0.5 ~ 0.8 part, surplus is dehydrated alcohol, and described resin is selected from vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, methylene-succinic acid, Hydroxyethyl acrylate, Propylene glycol monoacrylate, hydroxyethyl methylacrylate, Rocryl 410, glycidyl methacrylate, the acrylic monomer containing carboxyl or hydroxy functional group of at least one in glycidyl acrylate and be selected from vinylbenzene, methyl methacrylate, β-dimethyl-aminoethylmethacrylate, butyl methacrylate, Propenoic acid, 2-methyl, isobutyl ester, methyl acrylate, ethyl propenoate, butyl acrylate, vinyl cyanide, the unsaturated monomer of at least 3 kinds in Vinylstyrene and urethane resin, at least one in polyvinyl alcohol polymer monomer or several mixtures.
2. environmental protection code-spraying printing ink as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described resin is the mixture of Propylene glycol monoacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, Propenoic acid, 2-methyl, isobutyl ester, urethane resin.
3. environmental protection code-spraying printing ink as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described resin is the mixture of methylene-succinic acid, glycidyl acrylate, vinylbenzene, butyl acrylate, Propenoic acid, 2-methyl, isobutyl ester, polyvinyl alcohol.
4. environmental protection code-spraying printing ink as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described resin is the mixture of methacrylic acid, vinyl cyanide, Propenoic acid, 2-methyl, isobutyl ester, ethyl propenoate, urethane resin, polyvinyl alcohol.
5. environmental protection code-spraying printing ink as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: be 2 ~ 10:5 ~ 15:4 ~ 8 containing carboxyl or the acrylic monomer of hydroxy functional group and the ratio of weight and number between unsaturated monomer and polymer monomer in described resin.
6. environmental protection code-spraying printing ink as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described defoamer is polydimethylsiloxane.
7. environmental protection code-spraying printing ink as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described flow agent is butyl cellulose, described film coalescence aid is butyl glycol ether.
8. environmental protection code-spraying printing ink as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: count by weight, it consists of:
Resin 15 parts, silicon wax: 1.5 parts; Polydimethylsiloxane: 0.3 part;
Butyl glycol ether 0.8 part; Dyestuff: 4 parts;
Dehydrated alcohol: 78.1 parts of butyl celluloses: 0.3 part;
Described resin is composed of the following components: Propylene glycol monoacrylate 1 part, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate 2 parts, methyl methacrylate 1 part, butyl methacrylate 4 parts, Propenoic acid, 2-methyl, isobutyl ester 3 parts, urethane resin 4 parts.
9. environmental protection code-spraying printing ink as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-8, is characterized in that: described environmental protection code-spraying printing ink is used for metal, rubber, timber.
10. as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-8, the preparation method of environmental protection code-spraying printing ink, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: joined by resin and be equipped with in the dispersator of dehydrated alcohol, and Keep agitation is until dissolve; Add dyestuff again and Keep agitation; After dissolving, under the condition stirred, add silicon wax, defoamer, flow agent, film coalescence aid successively, Keep agitation 60 ~ 90min again, stirring velocity 800r/min, the solution obtained by mix and blend after filtration membrane pore size is the pressure filter of 20 microns, namely obtains environmental protection code-spraying printing ink.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510873120.7A CN105348918A (en) | 2015-12-02 | 2015-12-02 | Environment-friendly jet ink and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510873120.7A CN105348918A (en) | 2015-12-02 | 2015-12-02 | Environment-friendly jet ink and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105348918A true CN105348918A (en) | 2016-02-24 |
Family
ID=55324990
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510873120.7A Pending CN105348918A (en) | 2015-12-02 | 2015-12-02 | Environment-friendly jet ink and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105348918A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111378321A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-07 | 上海杰易森股份有限公司 | Online water-based ink suitable for two-dimensional code spraying and preparation method thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101613434A (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2009-12-30 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of alcohol soluble polyacrylate resin and preparation method thereof and application |
| CN101705029A (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2010-05-12 | 厦门好印像数码科技有限公司 | Solvent dye ink-jet printing ink and preparation method thereof |
| CN102417762A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-04-18 | 上海久安水质稳定剂厂 | High-temperature-resistant acrylic acid code-spraying printing ink and preparation method thereof |
| CN103102744A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-05-15 | 张家港威迪森化学有限公司 | Benzene-free jet ink and preparation method thereof |
| CN103205157A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-07-17 | 中山职业技术学院 | High-performance emulsion type water-based code-spraying printing ink for polyethylene and preparation method thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-12-02 CN CN201510873120.7A patent/CN105348918A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101613434A (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2009-12-30 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of alcohol soluble polyacrylate resin and preparation method thereof and application |
| CN101705029A (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2010-05-12 | 厦门好印像数码科技有限公司 | Solvent dye ink-jet printing ink and preparation method thereof |
| CN102417762A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-04-18 | 上海久安水质稳定剂厂 | High-temperature-resistant acrylic acid code-spraying printing ink and preparation method thereof |
| CN103102744A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-05-15 | 张家港威迪森化学有限公司 | Benzene-free jet ink and preparation method thereof |
| CN103205157A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-07-17 | 中山职业技术学院 | High-performance emulsion type water-based code-spraying printing ink for polyethylene and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111378321A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-07 | 上海杰易森股份有限公司 | Online water-based ink suitable for two-dimensional code spraying and preparation method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104497847B (en) | One can temperature induced color changing waterborne UV coating and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104662108B (en) | Fluid sets for printing | |
| CN107384013B (en) | PVC furniture film gravure printing water-based ink and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103194121B (en) | Water-based gravure printing ink for thermal transfer printing | |
| CN101429359A (en) | Water-based plastic composite inner-printing ink | |
| CN107033675A (en) | A kind of graphene aquosity intaglio printing ink and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104369565B (en) | A kind of environmentally friendly high glaze Weak solvent description medium and preparation method thereof | |
| US20110185781A1 (en) | Aqueous Pigment Preparations Having Nonionic Additives on the Basis of Alyl and Vinyl Ether | |
| CN102964918B (en) | Water-based UV (ultraviolet) plastic screen printing ink and method for preparing same | |
| CN106243961A (en) | Display screen processing aqueous peelable glue and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103849259B (en) | A kind of polypropylene film photocurable modified chlorinated polypropylene-water polyacrylic acid composite coating material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105331196B (en) | A kind of no-solvent type UV code-spraying printing inks and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104262526A (en) | Water-dispersible quick-drying low-temperature self-crosslinked acrylate resin for inks and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102250513B (en) | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-free screen printing ink for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polycarbonate (PC) materials | |
| CN104559553A (en) | Water-based plastic paint | |
| CN108373650A (en) | A kind of aqueous PET ink for screen printing and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105348918A (en) | Environment-friendly jet ink and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104789063B (en) | A kind of preparation method of compatible inkjet printing coating | |
| CN102286229A (en) | Environment-friendly aqueous aluminum foil ink and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107793835A (en) | A kind of aqueous, environmental protective gravure ink and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104356843B (en) | Photocuring chlorinated polypropylene urethane oligomer BOPP aqueous composite coating material and its preparation and application | |
| CN107603508A (en) | A kind of removable traffic allowance and its preparation method and application | |
| CN104371411B (en) | A kind of hydrate colour ink-jet printing media and production method thereof | |
| CN109486279A (en) | A kind of water-base gravure plastic table printing ink and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105017861A (en) | High-performance water-based jet ink for polyethylene and preparation method of high-performance water-based jet ink |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20160224 |