CN105348482A - 管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN105348482A
CN105348482A CN201510834906.8A CN201510834906A CN105348482A CN 105348482 A CN105348482 A CN 105348482A CN 201510834906 A CN201510834906 A CN 201510834906A CN 105348482 A CN105348482 A CN 105348482A
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polyisocyanurate
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徐业峰
殷晓峰
李明友
张佳佳
朱文静
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Shandong Inov New Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于聚氨酯技术领域,具体涉及一种管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚及其制备方法和应用。所述的管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚由A组分和B组分组成,其中:A组分由聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B、聚醚多元醇C、聚酯多元醇、泡沫稳定剂、化学发泡剂、催化剂、物理发泡剂组成;B组分为多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯,将A、B组分料按A:B=100:150的重量比混合均匀,制成管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚。本发明所述的组合聚醚保温性能、粘结性能、压缩强度、尺寸稳定性优异,耐高温性能,耐蠕变性能突出;制备方法科学合理,易于实现;使用A、B组分混料的形式,应用方便。

Description

管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于聚氨酯技术领域,具体涉及一种管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
聚氨酯泡沫塑料是目前所有隔热保温材料中的佼佼者,广泛用于供热管道、石油化工管道、交通运输、冰箱冰柜、建筑保温、航空军用等诸多方面。在我国,随着国家西部大开发政策的实施、城市集中供热的普及以及旧城改造的进行,保温管道行业在最近几年发展迅速,同时由于能耗要求的提高,热力输送朝高温方向发展,国内部分地区CCOT检测温度已到达130℃以上。聚氨酯硬泡目前已经发展成为全国应用量最大的管道用保温原料,但由于供热保温管制品长期输送高温介质,聚氨酯泡沫将随时间延长发生热老化,导热系数将升高,剪切强度将下降,同时由于工艺的约束,聚氨酯保温管道大都埋在地下,承受土壤的压力作用,泡沫随时间的变形量相对较大,产生较大的蠕变变形,导致保温层的厚度将逐渐减小,泡沫的导热系数及抗压强度等性能都将有所降低,聚氨酯泡沫保温隔热性能降低明显,大大的影响供热效果,造成资源浪费。如何提高泡沫的耐温性能与抗蠕变性能成为行业内公认的难题。
目前市场上使用的耐高温型管道用组合聚醚,主要使用水作为化学发泡剂,同时加入部分交联剂提高泡沫强度,通过加入抗氧剂提高泡沫的耐高温性能。该体系的耐高温性能主要依靠泡沫骨架交联度与抗氧剂来完成,其泡沫流动性能较差,现场实际使用时注料量较高,同时由于水量较高,泡沫脆性较大,管头容易出现发脆发酥的现象。
聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料,英文名Polyisocyanuratefoam,人们简称PIR泡沫塑料,是由异氰酸酯MDI本身发生三聚反应生成,聚氨酯泡沫塑料PUR是多羟基醇与异氰酸酯反应产生的,而聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料PIR则是异氰酸酯自身的三聚反应产生的异氰脲酸酯环,所以从分子结构上来看,聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料更加稳定,具有优良耐热性、耐寒性、尺寸稳定性及阻燃性。PIR和PUR相比,具有以下优点:
(1)单纯依靠阻燃剂,PUR的阻燃性一般较难达到B2级,但由于聚异氰脲酸酯环的阻燃性能,使PIR的阻燃性能较PUR有较大提升。
(2)PUR的耐热性能最高达到120℃,而改性聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料可以在温度140℃环境长期工作,耐老化性能优异。
(3)由于结构上的差异,PIR具有良好的压缩强度。
为适应市场需求,亟需开发一种耐高温性能良好的管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚,具有耐高温,保温性能好,粘结力强,压缩强度高,高低温尺寸稳定性好的特点;本发明同时提供其制备方法和应用。
本发明所述的管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚,由A组分和B组分组成,其中:
A组分以重量百分数计,原料如下:
B组分为多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯;
其中,
聚醚多元醇A为4官能度以上,分子量为400~600的聚醚多元醇;
聚醚多元醇B为官能度为3~4,分子量为800~1200的聚醚多元醇;
聚醚多元醇C为官能度为2~3,分子量为1800~2200的聚醚多元醇。
所述的聚醚多元醇A优选山东一诺威新材料有限公司生产的YNW8345或山东蓝星东大化工有限责任公司生产的450L。
所述的聚醚多元醇B优选山东一诺威新材料有限公司生产的YNW310或山东蓝星东大化工有限责任公司生产的MN1000。
所述的聚醚多元醇C优选山东一诺威新材料有限公司生产的YNW210或山东蓝星东大化工有限责任公司的生产的DL1000。
所述的聚酯多元醇为以对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和甘油为原料生产的,官能度为2~3,分子量为280~400,羟值300~400mgkoH/g,粘度为1800~3500mPa·s的聚酯多元醇。
所述的泡沫稳定剂为非水解硅碳类表面活性剂,优选迈图硅油L6950。
所述的化学发泡剂为水。
所述的催化剂包括两种,一种为N,N-二甲基环己胺、N,N-二甲基苄胺(BDMA)和2,4,6-三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚的混合物,另一种为聚氨酯延迟催化剂;前者与后者的质量比为1~1.5:0.1~0.5。
所述的N,N-二甲基环己胺、N,N-二甲基苄胺与2,4,6-三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚的质量比为0.08~0.4:1~2:1~2。
N,N-二甲基环己胺优选美国空气化工产品有限公司生产的PC8,2,4,6-三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚优选美国空气化工产品有限公司生产的TMR-30。
所述的聚氨酯延迟催化剂优选为上海德音化学有限公司生产的DY-215。
所述的物理发泡剂为HFC-365mfc(1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷)和LBA(反式-1-氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯)的混合物,其中,HFC-365mfc与LBA的质量比为8:2。
所述的管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚的制备方法如下:
制备A组分料:将称量好的聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B、聚醚多元醇C、聚酯多元醇、泡沫稳定剂、化学发泡剂、催化剂、物理发泡剂依次加入反应釜中,常温搅拌0.5~1小时即可;
B组分料为多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯,直接装桶。
使用时,将A、B组分料按A:B=100:150的重量比混合均匀,制成管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明未使用现有技术中普遍应用的抗氧剂与交联剂来改善组合聚醚的耐高温性能和泡沫强度,而是通过引入聚酯中的苯环提高泡沫中的杂环含量,同时通过催化剂的调节,使聚醚聚酯较协调的与B组分的异氰酸根进行反应,反应体系中水量较低,引入低官能度聚醚提高物料的流动性能,同时使体系具有较低的羟值,羟值在200-270mgKOH/g之间。体系中组分B过量,异氰酸根指数达到2.2以上,通过催化体系中TMR-30量的调节,提高体系的三聚转化率,使最终的泡沫中的聚异氰脲酸酯环的含量较高,起到抗氧化、耐高温的效果。2官能度聚醚的选择与使用,会改善泡沫的脆性提高泡沫与基材的粘结性能,与原有的耐高温管道体系相比,泡沫的CCOT温度及耐蠕变性能有大幅提升,泡沫的导热性能,粘结强度等方面明显优于全水体系产品。该组合聚醚的研制成功,对于国内热力输送行业的耐高温化起到了重大的推进作用。
本发明组合聚醚的研制成功,解决了行业内同类耐高温组合聚醚流动性能差,耐老化性能不佳的问题。同时该组合聚醚反应生成的泡沫在导热系数、压缩强度、粘结性、耐候性方面都有明显的提高,有助于提高热力输送温度,降低热力输送热损失,节能效果优越,具有较好的经济效益和社会效益。
本发明A组分料生产方便,使用A、B组分,利用发泡机对于管道保温层进行填充施工,泡沫熟化后,由于泡沫体系中的聚异氰脲酸酯环的含量较高,使泡沫具有良好的耐高温耐老化性能与耐蠕变性能,CCOT温度提升至130℃,室温条件下,径向蠕变量23℃±2℃,50%±5%RH(1000h)由原来的4.5mm减少到4mm以内。泡沫各项性能满足GBT29047-2012中对于聚氨酯泡沫的要求。
本发明制备方法科学合理,易于实现。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例中用到的所有原料除特殊说明外,均为市购。
实施例1
在1吨反应容器内制备A组分料,分别称量:聚醚多元醇A(山东一诺威新材料有限公司YNW8345):40份;聚醚多元醇B(山东蓝星东大化学有限公司MN1000):15份;聚醚多元醇C(山东一诺威新材料有限公司YNW210):30份;聚酯多元醇(官能度为2,分子量350~360,羟值310~330mgKOH/g,粘度1800~2100mPa·s)15份;泡沫稳定剂硅油L6950(迈图):1.7份;化学发泡剂H2O:1份;N,N-二甲基环己胺(空气化工PC8):0.15份;N,N-二甲基苄胺(BDMA):0.9份、2,4,6-三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚(空气化工TMR-30):0.9份;聚氨酯延迟催化剂DY215:0.4份;HFC-365mfc和LBA的混合物:25份。将称量好的聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B、聚醚多元醇C、聚酯多元醇、泡沫稳定剂、化学发泡剂、催化剂、物理发泡剂依次加入反应釜中,常温搅拌1小时,取出进行检验,满足工艺参数,发出泡沫,即得A组分合格产品,从反应釜中取出装桶入库。
将A、B组分料按A:B=100:150重量配比混合制成聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料,测试产品质量指标。B组分为多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯。
管道用聚异氰脲酸酯组合聚醚制得的泡沫达到以下指标:
项目 指标
密度kg/m3 60
导热系数W/(/m·K)≥ 0.032
平均孔径mm≤ 0.5
径向抗压强度kPa≥ 350
闭孔率%≥ 90
吸水率%≤ 10
CCOT℃≥ 125
径向蠕变量23℃±2℃,50%±5%RH(1000h)mm≤ 4
径向蠕变量23℃±2℃,50%±5%RH(100h)mm≤ 2
实施例2
在1吨反应容器内制备A组分料,分别称量:聚醚多元醇A(山东蓝星东大化学有限公司450L):20份;聚醚多元醇B(山东一诺威新材料有限公司YNW310):25份;聚醚多元醇C(山东蓝星东大化学有限公司DL1000):30份;聚酯多元醇(官能度为2.2,分子量280-300,羟值380~400mgKOH/g,粘度2100~2300mPa·s)25份;泡沫稳定剂硅油L6950(迈图):2.5份;化学发泡剂H2O:2份;N,N-二甲基环己胺(空气化工PC8):0.05份;N,N-二甲基苄胺(BDMA):0.5份、2,4,6-三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚(空气化工TMR-30):0.5份;延迟类催化剂DY215:0.5份;HFC-365mfc和LBA的混合物:15份。将称量好的聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B、聚醚多元醇C、聚酯多元醇、泡沫稳定剂、化学发泡剂、催化剂、物理发泡剂依次加入反应釜中,常温搅拌0.5小时,取出进行检验,满足工艺参数,发出泡沫,即得A组分合格产品,从反应釜中取出装桶入库。
将A、B组分料按A:B=100:150重量配比混合制成聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料,测试产品质量指标。B组分为多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯。
管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚制得的泡沫达到以下指标:
项目 指标
密度kg/m3 60
导热系数W/(/m·K)≤ 0.031
平均孔径mm≤ 0.5
径向抗压强度kPa≥ 320
闭孔率%≥ 90
吸水率%≤ 10
CCOT℃≥ 130
径向蠕变量23℃±2℃,50%±5%RH(1000h)mm≤ 4
径向蠕变量23℃±2℃,50%±5%RH(100h)mm≤ 2
本发明管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚制得的泡沫的密度在60kg/m3以上较好,抗压强度在300~350kPa之间较好,闭孔率在90~95%之间较好。

Claims (10)

1.一种管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚,其特征在于:由A组分和B组分组成,其中:
A组分以重量百分数计,原料如下:
B组分为多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯;
其中,
聚醚多元醇A为4官能度以上,分子量为400~600的聚醚多元醇;
聚醚多元醇B为官能度为3~4,分子量为800~1200的聚醚多元醇;
聚醚多元醇C为官能度为2~3,分子量为1800~2200的聚醚多元醇。
2.根据权利要求1所述的管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚,其特征在于:所述的聚酯多元醇为以对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和甘油为原料生产的,官能度为2~3,分子量为280~400,羟值300~400mgKOH/g,粘度为1800~3500mPa·s的聚酯多元醇。
3.根据权利要求1所述的管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚,其特征在于:所述的泡沫稳定剂为非水解硅碳类表面活性剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚,其特征在于:所述的化学发泡剂为水。
5.根据权利要求1所述的管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚,其特征在于:所述的催化剂包括两种,一种为N,N-二甲基环己胺、N,N-二甲基苄胺和2,4,6-三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚的混合物,另一种为聚氨酯延迟催化剂;前者与后者的质量比为1~1.5:0.1~0.5。
6.根据权利要求5所述的管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚,其特征在于:所述的N,N-二甲基环己胺、N,N-二甲基苄胺与2,4,6-三(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚的质量比为0.08~0.4:1~2:1~2。
7.根据权利要求5所述的管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚,其特征在于:所述的聚氨酯延迟催化剂为DY-215。
8.根据权利要求1所述的管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚,其特征在于:所述的物理发泡剂为HFC-365mfc和LBA的混合物,其中,HFC-365mfc与LBA的质量比为8:2。
9.一种权利要求1-8任一所述的管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚的制备方法,其特征在于:
制备A组分料:将称量好的聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B、聚醚多元醇C、聚酯多元醇、泡沫稳定剂、化学发泡剂、催化剂、物理发泡剂依次加入反应釜中,常温搅拌0.5~1小时即可。
10.一种权利要求1-8任一所述的管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚的应用,其特征在于:
将A、B组分料按A:B=100:150的重量比混合均匀,制成管道用聚异氰脲酸酯型组合聚醚。
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