CN105346161A - Tungsten/transition layer/steel composite material and low-temperature and low-pressure active diffusion connection preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Tungsten/transition layer/steel composite material and low-temperature and low-pressure active diffusion connection preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105346161A CN105346161A CN201510728757.7A CN201510728757A CN105346161A CN 105346161 A CN105346161 A CN 105346161A CN 201510728757 A CN201510728757 A CN 201510728757A CN 105346161 A CN105346161 A CN 105346161A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/14—Preventing or minimising gas access, or using protective gases or vacuum during welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/16—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts, e.g. material for absorbing or producing gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
- B32B15/015—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium the said other metal being copper or nickel or an alloy thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
- B32B2311/18—Titanium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
- B32B2311/22—Nickel or cobalt
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
- B32B2311/30—Iron, e.g. steel
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tungsten/transition layer/steel composite material and a low-temperature and low-pressure active diffusion connection preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of composite materials. Raw materials used for preparing the tungsten/transition layer/steel composite material comprise a tungsten substrate, an active metal Ti layer, a soft interface layer and a steel substrate. The method comprises the following steps: welding the soft interface layer and the steel substrate through a traditional welding process, sequentially superposing the obtained layer to the active metal Ti layer and the tungsten substrate, and carrying out vacuum diffusion connection to prepare a tungsten substrate/titanium layer/soft interface layer/steel substrate connecting piece which is the high-performance tungsten/steel composite material. The tensile strength of the composite material is greater than or equal to 386MPa. The composite material has a reasonably designed structure, and the problems of large joint residual stress, low strength and high requirements of welding conditions of present tungsten/steel connecting pieces are solved through matching of the structure with the method. The preparation method is simple, and is convenient for industrial application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material and low-temp low-pressure activity diffusion connection thereof; Belong to technical field of composite preparation.
Background technology
Tungsten has high density, high rigidity, high strength, the excellent specific property such as high temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant, is widely used in the fields such as Aero-Space, weaponry, the energy and electronics.Due to the intrinsic fragility of tungsten and the restriction of preparation method, be difficult to obtain large scale and complex-shaped pure tungsten component, Developing Tungsten/steel composites structure carrys out the ease of use that alternative full tungsten structure not only can increase parts, comprehensively can also play the performance advantage of each connecting material.
At present, what the interconnection technique of tungsten and steel grew up mainly contains soldering and vacuum diffusion welding, and wherein soldering often adopts multicomponent solder, and complicated chemical metallurgy reaction occurs joint welding, easily generates the harmful phase such as frangible compounds, causes joint performance not high.Pervasion Weld Technology has the advantage of low temperature connection, applied at elevated temperature, but it often needs larger on-load pressure to realize the phase counterdiffusion between contact material surface atom, treat wlding material surface smoothness requirements higher simultaneously, cause joint dimension bad adaptability, be unfavorable for production application.
Document " Developmentofbrazingfoilstojoinmonocrystallinetungstenal loyswithODS – EUROFERsteel; KalinBA; FedotovVT; SevrjukovON; KalashnikovAN; SuchkovAN, MoeslangA, RohdeM:JournalofNuclearMaterials2007; 367 – 370:p.1218 – 1222. " and " MechanicalcharacterizationandmodelingofbrazedEUROFER – tungsten – joints, ChehtovT, AktaaJ, KraftO.:JournalofNuclearMaterials2007; 367 – 370:p.1228 – 1232. " etc. adopt the base amorphous high-temp solder welding tungsten of Ni base, Ti base and Fe and steel respectively; achieving tungsten with the good of steel is connected; but brazing temperature (1150 DEG C) is too high, causes grain coarsening or phase transformation in steel, causes material property to decline.
Document " Effectofjoiningtemperatureonthemicrostructureandstrength oftungsten/ferriticsteeljointsdiffusionbondedwithanickel interlayer; ZhongZH; JungH; HinokiT, KohyamaA.:JournalofMaterialsProcessingTechnology2010; 210:p.1805-1810. " and " DiffusionbondingbetweenWandEUROFER97usingVinterlayer, BasukiWW, AktaaJ.:JournalofNuclearMaterials2012; 429:p.335-340. " etc. adopt Pervasion Weld Technology to connect tungsten and steel; obtained tungsten/steel joint has that low temperature connects, the feature of applied at elevated temperature; but this solid-state diffusion Joining Technology needs larger on-load pressure (~ 10MPa); cause joint dimension bad adaptability, greatly limit its production application.
In addition, the tungsten/steel fastener prepared by existing tungsten/steel interconnection technique is under the effect such as mechanical load or thermic load, and all easy tungsten side at close joint welding cracks even fracture failure, and this is relevant with tungsten/steel fastener joint exists larger residual stress.Therefore, this area is in the urgent need to designing a kind of tungsten/steel composite material with high strength and the high efficiency preparation method matched with it.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is based on tungsten and steel thermophysical property difference is large, particularly tungsten differs 2000 DEG C with steel fusing point, thermal coefficient of expansion differs 3 times, elastic modelling quantity differs 2 times, cause tungsten and steel weldability poor, quality of connection is not high, inventor alleviates the thermophysical property difference of tungsten/steel construction piece joint by design intermediate layer, to improve the quality of connection of tungsten and steel, but only according to the optimal design of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material structure, and adopt existing single welding method to prepare tungsten/steel composites structure part, still desirable product cannot be obtained, it is large still to there is residual stress in existing tungsten/steel composite material and technology of preparing thereof, intensity is low, welding condition requires high (high temperature, high pressure, the long connect hours) etc. problem, so inventor changes thinking, by carrying out Cooperative Optimization to tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material and technology of preparing thereof, the composite structure of " tungsten/reactive metal layer/soft intermediate layer/steel " and two supporting with it step welding technologies of preparing are initiated.
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material and the diffusion of low-temp low-pressure activity thereof connect preparation method.The problems such as existing tungsten/steel fastener joint residual stress is large, intensity is low, welding condition requirement high (high temperature, high pressure, long connect hours) are solved by the collocation of Structure and energy.
A kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material of the present invention; The raw material of described tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material comprises tungsten basic unit, active metal Ti layer, soft intermediate layer, base steel layer; Described soft intermediate layer is made up of the one in Ni, Cu, Ni-Cu alloy.
A kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material of the present invention; Tungsten basic unit is selected from pure tungsten, W-La
2o
3alloy, W-Y
2o
3alloy, one in W-TiC alloy, W-ZrC alloy, W-Y alloy, W-Mo alloy, W-Re alloy, W-K alloy, W-CNT alloy.In described pure tungsten the matter of W elements according to quantity percentage be more than or equal to 99%.
A kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material of the present invention; Base steel layer is the one in structural steel, tool steel, stainless steel or specialty steel.Described specialty steel is as the one in mould steel, blade of gas turbine steel, fusion reactor low activity steel.
The preparation method of the low-temp low-pressure activity diffusion connection of a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material of the present invention; Comprise the following steps:
First by soft intermediate layer and base steel layer welded together, obtain the base steel layer with soft intermediate layer, then the base steel layer with soft intermediate layer is superposed by base steel layer/soft intermediate layer/active metal Ti layer/tungsten basic unit successively with active metal Ti layer, tungsten basic unit, carry out vacuum active diffusion to connect, prepare the connector of tungsten basic unit/titanium layer/soft intermediate layer/base steel layer, namely obtain High Performance W/steel composite material; Described vacuum active diffusion connection method is: first adopt the heating rate of 10 ~ 30 DEG C/min to be warming up to 900 ~ 1050 DEG C, insulation 5 ~ 300min, the Bonding pressure of 0.1 ~ 5MPa is loaded in insulating process, with the cooldown rate of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min, temperature is reduced to 650 DEG C subsequently, and be incubated 30 ~ 120min, finally be chilled to room temperature with stove, in whole connection procedure, keep vacuum in stove to be 1 ~ 5 × 10
-3pa.
By soft intermediate layer and base steel layer welded together time, available technology is conventional soldering techniques, as soldering or vacuum solid Pervasion Weld Technology.
The preparation method of the low-temp low-pressure activity diffusion connection of a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material of the present invention; The surface smoothness of the contact surface of tungsten basic unit and active metal Ti layer is 0.1 ~ 1 μm, be preferably 0.1-0.5 μm, more preferably 0.1-0.3 μm, and the surface smoothness of the contact surface in active metal Ti layer and soft intermediate layer is 0.1 ~ 3 μm, be preferably 0.1-1 μm, more preferably 0.1 ~ 0.5 μm, the surface smoothness of the contact surface of soft intermediate layer and base steel layer is 0.1 ~ 1.5 μm, preferably 0.1 ~ 1 μm, more preferably 0.5 ~ 1 μm.
The preparation method of the low-temp low-pressure activity diffusion connection of a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material of the present invention; The thickness of described titanium layer is 0.005 ~ 0.05mm, is preferably 0.005 ~ 0.02mm, more preferably 0.008 ~ 0.015mm; The thickness in described soft intermediate layer is 0.01 ~ 5mm, is preferably 0.01 ~ 2mm, more preferably 0.1 ~ 1mm.
The preparation method of the low-temp low-pressure activity diffusion connection of a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material of the present invention; By there is not brittlement phase in two step welding gained tungsten/transition zone/steel composite materials.This brittlement phase is one or more in all intermetallic compounds or metal carbides.
The preparation method of the low-temp low-pressure activity diffusion connection of a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material of the present invention, 386MPa is more than or equal to by two step welding gained tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material hot strengths, be preferably greater than or equal to 412MPa, be preferably greater than or equal to 430MPa further, compared with existing tungsten/steel composite material, the basis of existing tungsten/steel composite material at least promotes 50%, in the article delivered on Int.JournalofRefractoryMetalsandHardMaterials publication the 48th phase with Cai Qingshan compared with described tungsten/V/Cu/ steel composite material, improve tungsten/steel fastener tensile property, particularly designed a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material combines two supporting with it step welding methods, achieve the low temperature realizing tungsten and steel, low pressure, low residual stress, highly reliable efficient connection.
Structure designed by the present invention and distribution welding manner can be widely used in refractory metal and be connected with the diffusion of other metal foreign material.Also can be widely used in refractory metal or pottery be connected with the diffusion between other metal foreign material.
Principle and advantage
Principle
The welding difficulty of tungsten and steel is that its thermophysical property difference is large, is difficult to find a kind of buffer layer material and a kind of welding method can realize the high strength of tungsten and steel and efficiently be connected.The present invention proposes the preparation method of a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material and low-temp low-pressure activity diffusion connection.Due to for homogenous material steel, its weldability is good, can realize well being connected with various metals material, and for homogenous material tungsten, its fusing point is high, fragility is large, cause its weldability poor, therefore, first the transition zone of optimal design is connected with base steel layer by inventor, this adopts traditional soldering or vacuum solid diffusion welding (DW) to realize, and then adopts a kind of novel low-temp low-pressure active diffusion connection method to be efficiently connected with tungsten by the structural member of transition zone/steel, thus obtains the tungsten/steel composite material of high strength.
In the present invention, introduce transition group active metal Ti and tungsten primary reactant in transition zone, considerably increase interface diffusion and reaction ability, can significantly reduce connection temperature.Meanwhile, soft intermediate layer (Ni, Cu or Ni-Cu alloy) is introduced to alleviate because tungsten does not mate with steel thermal coefficient of expansion the residual stress produced in connection procedure.Specifically, active metal Ti and soft intermediate layer element Ni and Cu is eutectic forming element, in diffusion connection procedure, Ti and soft intermediate layer can under lower than each element melting temperature phase counterdiffusion generation eutectic reaction and form liquid phase, when the thickness of Ti layer in jointing is much smaller than soft intermediate layer, along with the carrying out of connection procedure, Ti layer will be consumed gradually, after Ti layer is totally consumed, liquid phase will fill jointing interface, finally, the liquid phase produced forms high-melting-point phase due to isothermal solidification and homogenization of composition, resistant to elevated temperatures tungsten/steel joint can be obtained.And the existence of jointing interface liquid phase, be equivalent to the fusing of solder in soldering tech, to mother metal, there is good wetting action, greatly can reduce Bonding pressure.
Advantage
The present invention, under lower temperature and pressure condition, has prepared the tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material of high strength.Its concrete Heterosis exists:
One, define that residual stress is little, the uniform welding point of Interface Microstructure;
Two, required Bonding pressure is little, and connection metal is without obvious deformation, and joint dimension adaptability is good.The present invention can be widely used in refractory metal and be connected with the diffusion of other metal foreign material.
In a word, it is large that the present invention solves existing tungsten/steel composite material technology of preparing residual stress by the synergy of structure and technology of preparing, intensity is low, welding condition requires the problem of high (high temperature, high pressure, long-time), realize the low-temp low-pressure of tungsten and steel, low stress, highly reliable, to be high efficiencyly connected, in addition, present invention process is easy and simple to handle, and joint metal is without obvious deformation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is Welding Structure assembling and the preparation process schematic diagram of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the Electronic Speculum figure of embodiment 3 gained finished product.
As can be seen from Figure 1 the Welding Structure of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material is assembled and preparation process.
As can be seen from Figure 2, in gained finished product, Ti layer obviously disappears, and the transition zone obtained and tungsten, exists between obvious transition region between transition zone and steel layer, and this proves that welding effect is fabulous.
Detailed description of the invention
Be intended to further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, and unrestricted the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The tungsten of present embodiment and the active diffusion connection method of the low-temp low-pressure of steel carry out as follows:
One, removing surface: the connecting surface first adopting the abrasive paper for metallograph of 150#, 400#, 800#, 1200# and 1500# to treat weldering material of tungsten and steel is polished step by step and is polished to surface smoothness is 3 μm, then, ultrasonic cleaner (arranging cleaning temperature is 35 DEG C) is adopted material to be welded to be cleaned each 15min successively in absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol, to remove greasy dirt and the impurity of specimen surface to be welded.For avoiding material to be welded oxidized or again polluted, be placed in absolute ethyl alcohol seal up for safekeeping for subsequent use.
Two, tungsten/transition zone/steel construction piece preparation: first interlayer Cu soft in the transition zone of optimal design (thick about 0.1mm) and base steel layer are carried out soldering under the process conditions of 1150 DEG C/30min/1MPa, solder adopts commercial Ni-based amorphous brazing filler metal, obtain Cu/ steel fastener, then itself and tungsten basic unit, Ti layer (thickness is 0.005mm) press " tungsten basic unit/Ti layer/Cu layer/steel layer " Standard in vacuum hotpressing stove, first adopt the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min that connection temperature is elevated to 950 DEG C from room temperature, insulation 20min, cools to room temperature with the furnace subsequently.In whole connection procedure, adopt the pressure of 0.2MPa with fixed connection structure and the initial contact ensureing material surface to be welded, keep vacuum < 5 × 10 simultaneously
-3pa, namely completes welding of tungsten and steel.
Tungsten/Ti/Cu/ steel fastener the technology of preparing of present embodiment has the technical advantage of low-temp low-pressure, and the hot strength of prepared connector can reach 386MPa, the hot strength of the tungsten/steel composite material prepared than the single metal level of existing employing (Ni, Ti, Nb, V) is high by more than 40%.
Embodiment 2
The tungsten of present embodiment and the active diffusion connection method of the low-temp low-pressure of steel carry out as follows:
One, removing surface: the connecting surface first adopting the abrasive paper for metallograph of 150#, 400#, 800#, 1200# and 1500# to treat weldering material of tungsten and steel is polished step by step and is polished to surface smoothness is 5 μm, then, ultrasonic cleaner (arranging cleaning temperature is 35 DEG C) is adopted material to be welded to be cleaned each 10min successively in absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol, to remove greasy dirt and the impurity of specimen surface to be welded.For avoiding material to be welded oxidized or again polluted, be placed in absolute ethyl alcohol seal up for safekeeping for subsequent use.
Two, tungsten/transition zone/steel construction piece preparation: first intermediate layer Ni soft in the transition zone of optimal design (thick about 0.3mm) is carried out diffusion in vacuum with base steel layer under the process conditions of 900 DEG C/30min/5MPa and be connected, obtain Ni/ steel fastener, then itself and tungsten basic unit, Ti layer (thickness is 0.02mm) press " tungsten basic unit/Ti layer/Ni layer/steel layer " Standard in vacuum hotpressing stove, first adopt the heating rate of 20 DEG C/min that connection temperature is elevated to 1050 DEG C from room temperature, insulation 30min, cools to room temperature with the furnace subsequently.In whole connection procedure, adopt the pressure of 1MPa with fixed connection structure and the initial contact ensureing material surface to be welded, keep vacuum < 5 × 10 simultaneously
-3pa, namely completes welding of tungsten and steel.
Tungsten/Ti/Ni/ steel fastener the technology of preparing of present embodiment has the technical advantage of low-temp low-pressure, and the hot strength of prepared connector can reach 412MPa, the hot strength of the tungsten/steel composite material prepared than the single metal level of existing employing (Ni, Ti, Nb, V) is high by more than 50%.
Embodiment 3
The tungsten of present embodiment and the active diffusion connection method of the low-temp low-pressure of steel carry out as follows:
One, removing surface: the connecting surface first adopting the abrasive paper for metallograph of 150#, 400#, 800#, 1200# and 1500# to treat weldering material of tungsten and steel is polished step by step and is polished to surface smoothness is 3 μm, then, ultrasonic cleaner (arranging cleaning temperature is 35 DEG C) is adopted material to be welded to be cleaned each 20min successively in absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol, to remove greasy dirt and the impurity of specimen surface to be welded.For avoiding material to be welded oxidized or again polluted, be placed in absolute ethyl alcohol seal up for safekeeping for subsequent use.
Two, tungsten/transition zone/steel construction piece preparation: first interlayer Cu soft in the transition zone of optimal design (thick about 0.5mm) and base steel layer are carried out diffusion in vacuum under the process conditions of 950 DEG C/30min/5MPa and be connected, obtain Cu/ steel fastener, then itself and tungsten basic unit, Ti layer (thickness is 0.015mm) press " tungsten basic unit/Ti layer/Cu layer/steel layer " Standard in vacuum hotpressing stove, first adopt the heating rate of 15 DEG C/min that connection temperature is elevated to 1000 DEG C from room temperature, insulation 180min, cools to room temperature with the furnace subsequently.In whole connection procedure, adopt the pressure of 0.5MPa with fixed connection structure and the initial contact ensureing material surface to be welded, keep vacuum < 5 × 10 simultaneously
-3pa, namely completes welding of tungsten and steel.
Tungsten/Ti/Cu/ steel fastener the technology of preparing of present embodiment has the technical advantage of low-temp low-pressure, and the hot strength of prepared connector can reach 430MPa, the hot strength of the tungsten/steel composite material prepared than the single metal level of existing employing (Ni, Ti, Nb, V) is high by more than 58%.
Claims (9)
1. tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material; It is characterized in that: the raw material of described tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material comprises tungsten basic unit, active metal Ti layer, soft intermediate layer, base steel layer; Described soft intermediate layer is made up of the one in Ni, Cu, Ni-Cu alloy.
2. a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: tungsten basic unit is selected from pure tungsten, W-La
2o
3alloy, W-Y
2o
3one in alloy, W-TiC alloy, W-ZrC alloy, W-Y alloy, W-Mo alloy, W-Re alloy, W-K alloy, W-CNT alloy.
3. a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: base steel layer is the one in structural steel, tool steel, stainless steel.
4. a preparation method for the low-temp low-pressure activity diffusion connection of a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material as described in claim 1-3 any one, is characterized in that; Comprise the following steps:
First by soft intermediate layer and base steel layer welded together, obtain the base steel layer with soft intermediate layer, then the base steel layer with soft intermediate layer is superposed by base steel layer/soft intermediate layer/active metal Ti layer/tungsten basic unit successively with active metal Ti layer, tungsten basic unit, carry out vacuum active diffusion to connect, prepare the connector of tungsten basic unit/titanium layer/soft intermediate layer/base steel layer, namely obtain High Performance W/steel composite material; Described vacuum active diffusion connection method is: first adopt the heating rate of 10 ~ 30 DEG C/min to be warming up to 900 ~ 1050 DEG C, insulation 5 ~ 300min, the Bonding pressure of 0.1 ~ 5MPa is loaded in insulating process, with the cooldown rate of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min, temperature is reduced to 650 DEG C subsequently, and be incubated 30 ~ 120min, finally be chilled to room temperature with stove, in whole connection procedure, keep vacuum in stove to be 1 ~ 5 × 10
-3pa.
5. the preparation method of the low-temp low-pressure activity diffusion connection of a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material according to claim 4: it is characterized in that: the surface smoothness of the contact surface of tungsten basic unit and active metal Ti layer is 0.1 ~ 1 μm, the surface smoothness of the contact surface in active metal Ti layer and soft intermediate layer is 0.1 ~ 3 μm, and the surface smoothness of the contact surface of soft intermediate layer and base steel layer is 0.1 ~ 1.5 μm.
6. the preparation method of the low-temp low-pressure activity diffusion connection of a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material according to claim 4: it is characterized in that: the thickness of described titanium layer is 0.005 ~ 0.05mm; The thickness in described soft intermediate layer is 0.01 ~ 5mm.
7. the preparation method of the low-temp low-pressure activity diffusion connection of a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material according to claim 5: it is characterized in that: the thickness of described titanium layer is 0.005 ~ 0.02mm; The thickness in described soft intermediate layer is 0.01 ~ 2mm.
8. the preparation method of the low-temp low-pressure activity diffusion connection of a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material according to claim 7: it is characterized in that: the thickness that the thickness of described titanium layer is intermediate layer soft described in 0.008 ~ 0.015mm is 0.1 ~ 1mm.
9. the preparation method of the low-temp low-pressure activity diffusion connection of a kind of tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material according to claim 5-8 any one: it is characterized in that: the hot strength of prepared tungsten/transition zone/steel composite material is more than or equal to 368MPa.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106041350A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2016-10-26 | 武汉工程大学 | Tungsten/copper or tungsten/steel connector and method for preparing same |
| CN106181015A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-07 | 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 | The U-shaped manufacturing process containing runner the first wall components of the attached tungsten of a kind of fusion reactor blanket |
| CN106903307A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-30 | 中南大学 | A kind of method for preparing powder metallurgy of coform co-sintering tungsten alloy/steel composite material |
| CN107081517A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-08-22 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of law temperature joining method of TZM and WRe different alloys |
| CN107175398A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-19 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of SPS diffusion welding methods of molybdenum alloy and tungsten alloy |
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