CN105328110A - Whole forging method of loop main pipe of AP1000 nuclear power plant - Google Patents
Whole forging method of loop main pipe of AP1000 nuclear power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN105328110A CN105328110A CN201510771524.5A CN201510771524A CN105328110A CN 105328110 A CN105328110 A CN 105328110A CN 201510771524 A CN201510771524 A CN 201510771524A CN 105328110 A CN105328110 A CN 105328110A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/14—Making machine elements fittings
Abstract
The invention relates to a whole forging method of a loop main pipe of an AP1000 nuclear power plant, and belongs to the technical field of whole forging of stainless steel special-shaped steel blanks. Firstly, an electroslag casting steel ingot is repeatedly upset and lengthened to smash a massive casting structure; then, a main section and a boss of the main pipe are respectively forged; and finally, the boss is forged to obtain fine grain structures. The method can reduce the melted times and time of forgings, improves the forging efficiency, satisfies the shape and size requirements of the forgings, and can refine the structures of the forgings to enable all parts to reach the requirement of grain size above the grade 2.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stainless steel special-shaped large scale steel billet solid forging technical field, be specifically related to a kind of forging method of AP1000 pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant primary Ioops main pipeline.
Background technology
Generation Ⅲ AP1000 heap-type be world market existing the safest, most advanced, through checking nuclear power station, within 2007, China has introduced a complete set of AP1000 technology from US Westinghouse company, and using the main force's heap-type as following Construction of Nuclear Electricity, on AP1000 basis, develop autonomous CAP1400 and the CAP1700 heap-type of China simultaneously.According to the plan of national Construction of Nuclear Electricity, after the technological assimilation of generation Ⅲ nuclear power station has absorbed, the new nuclear power station of China will all adopt three generation techniques, adopt three generations nuclear power technology about having half in the newly-increased nuclear power station therefore from now on before the year two thousand twenty.
Main pipeline is nuclear island nuclear safety I level Grand Equipments.In order to improve nuclear plant safety, reliability, maintenanceability, AP1000 main pipeline adopts the solid forging of 316LN Ultra-low carbon control nitrogen stainless steel to form.This manufacture can improve the reliability of nuclear power station under design basis accident and even beyond design basis accident situation and security to greatest extent, makes design service life bring up to 60 years.And solid forging pipe does not exist weld seam, the inservice inspection workload of nuclear power station greatly can be reduced.In main pipe system, hot arc profile is comparatively complicated, its size and grain size require extremely strict: finished product external diameter reaches φ 956mm, wall thickness reaches 85mm, crooked position angle 56.4 °, small curve bending radius 1.5D0 and elbow two ends, with very long straight length, also with the branch pipe with heavy caliber ozzle (φ 457mm × 45mm) that two relative angles are 45 ° on elbow body, are launched total length and are about 6m.Meanwhile, the 316LN Ultra-low carbon control nitrogen stainless steel forging temperature interval that this main pipeline adopts is narrow, heating-up temperature requirement is high, resistance of deformation large, easily ftractures in forging process.The shape of main pipeline and the feature of material, make the difficulty of forging very high, by be known as in the industry be current world nuclear main pipeline manufacture difficulty.Should ensure that in forging process two ozzle calibration are accurate, ensure the distance between two ozzles again, also will take into account the shape and size of whole forging simultaneously.In addition, because forging time is long, fire is secondary many, high-temperature heating repeatedly, also add the difficulty of crystal grain thinning.Therefore, need to optimize main pipeline Forging Technology, reduce forging times, with crystal grain thinning to greatest extent.
Current AP1000 primary Ioops main pipe hot leg molding mode is that large-scale hydraulic press solid forging is shaping, and the Forging Technology that domestic manufacturer adopts mostly is: heating-bar hold-jumping-up pulling repeatedly-pressure shoulder sub-material-segmentation pulling.Although the people such as Piao Zhensheng (Chinese invention patent CN102825207A), Zhang Lingfang (Chinese invention patent CN102019334A) innovate to some extent in Forging Technology, but they propose the forging processing method cycle longer, yields is lower, particularly in forging process, forging repeatedly melts down and easily causes grain growth, is finally difficult to meet grain size designing requirement.This is mainly because forging stock volume is large, and in forging process caused by temperature and distortion skewness, especially at the ozzle position of pipeline, grain size usually can only reach about 1 grade, does not reach the overall grain size of main pipeline more than 2 grades targets required.
Summary of the invention
AP1000 one loop of nuclear power station main pipeline forging belongs to special-shaped overall large scale forging, and forging process is complicated.Forging and stamping process is high temperature, uneven, multifactor, unstable state plastic working, and product quality requirement is high, production cost is high, the process-cycle is long.The invention provides a kind of Forging Technology for AP1000 main pipe hot leg forging, the workpiece adopting scientific and reasonable process route to produce to meet forging geomery also ensures the requirement of more than 2 grades grain sizes.
The material of steel ingot is 316LN Ultra-low carbon control nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, adopts the dydraulic forging that tonnage is greater than 8000 tons.The present invention includes the following step:
The first step, heating.The stainless steel ingot (about φ 1750mm × 3200mm) of electroslag smelting casting is heated to 1220-1250 DEG C, is incubated 24 hours;
Second step, pulling.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 150mm, forging ratio 1.2, each drafts controls at 50-100mm, and pulling is to about φ 1600mm × 3750mm;
3rd step, jumping-up.Adopt sphere jumping-up lid, lower platform, overall reduction 1000mm, forging ratio 1.4;
4th step, pulling.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 1.5, each drafts controls at 50-100mm;
5th step, heating.By Heating Steel Ingots to 1150-1200 DEG C, be incubated 12-24 hours;
6th step, jumping-up.Adopt sphere jumping-up lid, lower platform, overall reduction 1800mm, forging ratio 1.7;
7th step, pulling.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, each drafts controls at 50-100mm, should ensure that steel ingot cross section after pulling is the octagon being highly greater than 1480mm, make it have enough deflections to carry out forged tube nozzle, forging ratio 1.96 during pulling;
8th step, heating.By Heating Steel Ingots to 1150-1200 DEG C, be incubated 12-24 hours;
9th step, pulling main paragraph I.First impression, then adopt upper flat anvil, lower platform, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 2.1, each drafts controls at 50-100mm;
Tenth step, pulling main paragraph II.First impression, then adopt upper flat anvil, lower platform, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 2.1, each drafts controls at 50-100mm;
11 step, forging boss A.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 480mm, forging ratio 1.1;
12 step, heating.By Heating Steel Ingots to 1150-1200 DEG C, be incubated 3-6 hours;
13 step, pulling main paragraph III.First impression, then adopt upper flat anvil, lower platform, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 2, each drafts controls at 50-100mm;
14 step, forging boss B.Rotational workpieces makes itself and boss A be 45° angle, flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 480mm, forging ratio 1.1;
15 step, adopts upper and lower flat anvil, and local forges two boss with crystal grain thinning;
16 step, finishing, be positioned over ventilation after forging finished product, accelerating cooling is to room temperature.
The invention has the advantages that reduce forging melts down number of times and time in forging process, improves forging efficiency, meets forging shape, size and grain size requirement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and detailed description of the invention, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is the finished product schematic diagram of forging.
Fig. 2 is schematic diagram after the 9th step forging of forging.
Fig. 3 is schematic diagram after the tenth step forging of forging.
Fig. 4 is schematic diagram after the 11 step forging of forging.
Fig. 5 is schematic diagram after the 13 step forging of forging.
Fig. 6 is schematic diagram after the 14 step forging of forging.
Fig. 7 is that embodiment 1 forges rear metallographic structure, grain size 6 grades.
Fig. 8 is that embodiment 2 forges rear metallographic structure, grain size 5.5 grades.
Fig. 9 is that embodiment 3 forges rear metallographic structure, grain size 5.5 grades.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
AP1000 one loop of nuclear power station main pipeline forging is special-shaped overall heavy forging, and Fig. 1 is its finished product forging schematic diagram.
Embodiment 1
Concrete forging step is as follows:
The first step, heating.The stainless steel ingot (about φ 1750mm × 3200mm) of electroslag smelting casting is heated to 1250 DEG C, is incubated 24 hours;
Second step, pulling.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 150mm, forging ratio 1.2, each drafts controls at 50mm, and pulling is to about φ 1600mm × 3750mm;
3rd step, jumping-up.Adopt sphere jumping-up lid, lower platform, overall reduction 1000mm, forging ratio 1.4;
4th step, pulling.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 1.5, each drafts controls at 50mm;
5th step, heating.By Heating Steel Ingots to 1150 DEG C, be incubated 24 hours;
6th step, jumping-up.Adopt sphere jumping-up lid, lower platform, overall reduction 1800mm, forging ratio 1.7;
7th step, pulling.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, each drafts controls at 50mm, should ensure that steel ingot cross section after pulling is the octagon being highly greater than 1480mm, make it have enough deflections to carry out forged tube nozzle, forging ratio 1.96 during pulling;
8th step, heating.By Heating Steel Ingots to 1150 DEG C, be incubated 24 hours;
9th step, pulling main paragraph I.First impression, then adopt upper flat anvil, lower platform, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 2.1, each drafts controls at 50mm, and result is as shown in Figure 2;
Tenth step, pulling main paragraph II.First impression, then adopt upper flat anvil, lower platform, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 2.1, each drafts controls at 50mm, and result is as shown in Figure 3;
11 step, forging boss A.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 480mm, forging ratio 1.1, result is as shown in Figure 4;
12 step, heating.By Heating Steel Ingots to 1150 DEG C, be incubated 6 hours;
13 step, pulling main paragraph III.First impression, then adopt upper flat anvil, lower platform, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 2, each drafts controls at 50mm, and result is as shown in Figure 5;
14 step, forging boss B.Rotational workpieces makes itself and boss A be 45° angle, flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 480mm, forging ratio 1.1, and result as shown in Figure 6;
15 step, adopts upper and lower flat anvil, and local forges two boss with crystal grain thinning;
16 step, finishing, be positioned over ventilation after forging finished product, accelerating cooling is to room temperature.
To the sampling of finished product forging, use metallography microscope sem observation, even tissue, and produce without mixed crystal, grain size is 6 grades, as shown in Figure 7.
Embodiment 2
Concrete forging step is as follows:
The first step, heating.The stainless steel ingot (about φ 1750mm × 3200mm) of electroslag smelting casting is heated to 1225 DEG C, is incubated 24 hours;
Second step, pulling.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 150mm, forging ratio 1.2, each drafts controls at 75mm, and pulling is to about φ 1600mm × 3750mm;
3rd step, jumping-up.Adopt sphere jumping-up lid, lower platform, overall reduction 1000mm, forging ratio 1.4;
4th step, pulling.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 1.5, each drafts controls at 75mm;
5th step, heating.By Heating Steel Ingots to 1175 DEG C, be incubated 18 hours;
6th step, jumping-up.Adopt sphere jumping-up lid, lower platform, overall reduction 1800mm, forging ratio 1.7;
7th step, pulling.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, each drafts controls at 50mm, should ensure that steel ingot cross section after pulling is the octagon being highly greater than 1480mm, make it have enough deflections to carry out forged tube nozzle, forging ratio 1.96 during pulling;
8th step, heating.By Heating Steel Ingots to 1175 DEG C, be incubated 18 hours;
9th step, pulling main paragraph I.First impression, then adopt upper flat anvil, lower platform, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 2.1, each drafts controls at 80mm, and result is as shown in Figure 2;
Tenth step, pulling main paragraph II.First impression, then adopt upper flat anvil, lower platform, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 2.1, each drafts controls at 80mm, and result is as shown in Figure 3;
11 step, forging boss A.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 480mm, forging ratio 1.1, result is as shown in Figure 4;
12 step, heating.By Heating Steel Ingots to 1175 DEG C, be incubated 5 hours;
13 step, pulling main paragraph III.First impression, then adopt upper flat anvil, lower platform, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 2, each drafts controls at 80mm, and result is as shown in Figure 5;
14 step, forging boss B.Rotational workpieces makes itself and boss A be 45° angle, flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 480mm, forging ratio 1.1, and result as shown in Figure 6;
15 step, adopts upper and lower flat anvil, and local forges two boss with crystal grain thinning;
16 step, finishing, be positioned over ventilation after forging finished product, accelerating cooling is to room temperature.
To the sampling of finished product forging, use metallography microscope sem observation, even tissue, and produce without mixed crystal, grain size is 5.5 grades, as shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 3
Concrete forging step is as follows:
The first step, heating.The stainless steel ingot (about φ 1750mm × 3200mm) of electroslag smelting casting is heated to 1240 DEG C, is incubated 24 hours;
Second step, pulling.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 150mm, forging ratio 1.2, each drafts controls at 100mm, and pulling is to about φ 1600mm × 3750mm;
3rd step, jumping-up.Adopt sphere jumping-up lid, lower platform, overall reduction 1000mm, forging ratio 1.4;
4th step, pulling.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 1.5, each drafts controls at 100mm;
5th step, heating.By Heating Steel Ingots to 1200 DEG C, be incubated 12 hours;
6th step, jumping-up.Adopt sphere jumping-up lid, lower platform, overall reduction 1800mm, forging ratio 1.7;
7th step, pulling.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, each drafts controls at 50mm, should ensure that steel ingot cross section after pulling is the octagon being highly greater than 1480mm, make it have enough deflections to carry out forged tube nozzle, forging ratio 1.96 during pulling;
8th step, heating.By Heating Steel Ingots to 1200 DEG C, be incubated 12 hours;
9th step, pulling main paragraph I.First impression, then adopt upper flat anvil, lower platform, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 2.1, each drafts controls at 100mm, and result is as shown in Figure 2;
Tenth step, pulling main paragraph II.First impression, then adopt upper flat anvil, lower platform, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 2.1, each drafts controls at 100mm, and result is as shown in Figure 3;
11 step, forging boss A.Flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 480mm, forging ratio 1.1, result is as shown in Figure 4;
12 step, heating.By Heating Steel Ingots to 1200 DEG C, be incubated 4 hours;
13 step, pulling main paragraph III.First impression, then adopt upper flat anvil, lower platform, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 2, each drafts controls at 100mm, and result is as shown in Figure 5;
14 step, forging boss B.Rotational workpieces makes itself and boss A be 45° angle, flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 480mm, forging ratio 1.1, and result as shown in Figure 6;
15 step, adopts upper and lower flat anvil, and local forges two boss with crystal grain thinning;
16 step, finishing, be positioned over ventilation after forging finished product, accelerating cooling is to room temperature.
To the sampling of finished product forging, use metallography microscope sem observation, even tissue, and produce without mixed crystal, grain size is 5.5 grades, as shown in Figure 9.
Claims (4)
1. an AP1000 one loop of nuclear power station main pipeline solid forging method, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
The first step, heating: the stainless steel ingot of φ 1750mm × 3200mm electroslag smelting casting is heated to 1220-1250 DEG C, is incubated 24 hours;
Second step, pulling: flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 150mm, forging ratio 1.2, each drafts controls at 50-100mm, pulls out to φ 1600mm × 3750mm;
3rd step, jumping-up: adopt sphere jumping-up lid, lower platform, overall reduction 1000mm, forging ratio 1.4;
4th step, pulling: flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 1.5, each drafts controls at 50-100mm;
5th step, heating: the 4th step gained Heating Steel Ingots to 1150-1200 DEG C, are incubated 12-24 hours;
6th step, jumping-up: adopt sphere jumping-up lid, lower platform, overall reduction 1800mm, forging ratio 1.7;
7th step, pulling: flat anvil, lower platform in employing, each drafts controls at 50-100mm, will ensure that steel ingot cross section after pulling is the octagon being highly greater than 1480mm, make it have enough deflections to carry out forged tube nozzle, forging ratio 1.96 during pulling;
8th step, heating: by the 7th step gained Heating Steel Ingots to 1150-1200 DEG C, be incubated 12-24 hours;
9th step, pulling main paragraph I: first impression, then adopt upper flat anvil, lower platform, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 2.1, each drafts controls at 50-100mm;
Tenth step, pulling main paragraph II: first impression, then adopt upper flat anvil, lower platform, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 2.1, each drafts controls at 50-100mm;
11 step, forging boss A: flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 480mm, forging ratio 1.1;
12 step, heating: by the 11 step gained Heating Steel Ingots to 1150-1200 DEG C, be incubated 3-6 hours;
13 step, pulling main paragraph III: first impression, then adopt upper flat anvil, lower platform, overall reduction 400mm, forging ratio 2, each drafts controls at 50-100mm;
14 step, forging boss B: rotational workpieces makes itself and boss A be 45° angle, flat anvil, lower platform in employing, overall reduction 480mm, forging ratio 1.1;
15 step, adopts upper and lower flat anvil, and local forges two boss with crystal grain thinning;
16 step, finishing, be positioned over ventilation after forging finished product, accelerating cooling is to room temperature.
2. AP1000 one loop of nuclear power station main pipeline solid forging method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, if blank surface produces iron scale in forging process, should clear up in time, ensures forging surface quality.
3. AP1000 one loop of nuclear power station main pipeline solid forging method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, respectively the the the 9th, ten, 11,13, after the setting down of 14 steps, should repair the geomery at each position to meet forging designing requirement.
4. AP1000 one loop of nuclear power station main pipeline solid forging method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of steel ingot is 316LN Ultra-low carbon control nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, adopts the dydraulic forging that tonnage is greater than 8000 tons.
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| CN107900134A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-04-13 | 烟台市台海集团有限公司 | A kind of main pipeline forming technology with ozzle |
| CN109187864A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-11 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Used in nuclear power station forges main pipeline manufacturing process assessment method |
| CN111644552A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-11 | 建龙北满特殊钢有限责任公司 | Forging method of multistage step roller with cone frustum |
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| CN111644552A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-11 | 建龙北满特殊钢有限责任公司 | Forging method of multistage step roller with cone frustum |
| CN111644552B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-09-14 | 建龙北满特殊钢有限责任公司 | Forging method of multistage step roller with cone frustum |
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