CN103341724A - Process of producing nuclear power plant main pipeline forge piece through centrifugal casting hollow ingot - Google Patents
Process of producing nuclear power plant main pipeline forge piece through centrifugal casting hollow ingot Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process of producing a nuclear power plant main pipeline forge piece through a centrifugal casting hollow ingot, and belongs to the technical field of forging. After the centrifugal casting hollow ingot is reasonably heated and reheated, upsetting forming capable of avoiding serious instability is conducted on the centrifugal casting hollow ingot on a swage block with the cone apex angle ranging from 172 degrees to 178 degrees for at least twice, wherein stretching forming with an inner cooling core rod and stretching forming without an inner cooling core rod are conducted until a low diameter-wall ratio barrel-shaped forge piece with a required forging ratio and required sizes is obtained; barrel-shaped upsetting forge pieces are respectively forged through the swage block to form two hollow brick-shaped branch pipe nozzle rudiments with steps; all straight pipe sections are stretched through a long core rod with a specific diameter in succession until specified sizes are reached; redundant parts of the other side of each rudiment are removed in a machining mode, and therefore the required nuclear power main pipeline stainless steel forge piece is obtained. The process of producing the nuclear power plant main pipeline forge piece through the centrifugal casting hollow ingot has the advantages of being obvious in energy saving effect, consumption reducing effect, working hour saving effect and low-carbon discharging effect when being compared with a forging forming process where solid ingots are widely adopted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of forging, a kind of technology that adopts the centrifugal casting hollow ingot to produce nuclear power station trunk line forging particularly is provided.Adopt centrifugal casting hollow ingot (containing other hollow ingot blank) to make blank in order to produce the ACPR1000 of TP316LN super-low carbon stainless steel
+, AP1000 trunk line hollow body forging (contain other tube, body pipe fitting).
Background technology
Trunk line in nuclear power plant's nuclear island connects into a closed loop with reactor, steam generator, reactor coolant pump, for cooling agent mobile circulation canal and the pressure boundary of providing betwixt, is the sustainer of nuclear power plant's coolant system.Because but trunk line bearing high temperature, high pressure, high flow rate for a long time and having radiation effect and the working condition of poisonous fuel, require it must have the whole property integrity of high nuclear stability, low artificial radioactivity, little neutron absorption cross-section, pressure boundary and remain sufficiently stable operating mode compatibility in the military service process that reaches 60 years.The trunk line that adopts austenitic stainless steel (as TP316LN) to make is the high-end parts of nuclear one-level with high technology content and high added value, also is the emphasis parts of China's nuclear power production domesticization always.
With two generations, two generation the modified nuclear power generating sets form sharp contrast with trunk line, by in the ACPR1000 of new generation of wide nuclear independent development
+With designed non-active AP1000 nuclear power generating sets by US Westinghouse company and have following two big characteristics with trunk line:
1, trunk line must adopt Forging Technology production, is different from the technology path that in the past directly adopts the centrifugal casting hollow tube to make main nuclear power pipeline fully;
2, two branch ozzles on the trunk line must be that whole forging is shaped, and are different from the technical scheme that in the past disposes the branch ozzle by welding method fully.
In sum, adopting under the heavy prerequisite of suitable ingot shape and ingot, forging goes out to have the qualified forging that two monolithic moldings divide the TP316LN austenitic stainless steel trunk line of ozzle blank, becoming in the nature of things and make non-active third generation AP1000 nuclear power generating sets with a very crucial sport technique segment of trunk line, also is one of technical barrier of facing first in history of nuclear power vitals manufacturing.
A new generation's main nuclear power pipeline unique appearance designs and specification requirement, has excited lot of domestic and foreign manufacturer's development enthusiasm.Enterprises such as gondola IBF, domestic last heavy a, weight, two-fold, boats and ships parent company all successively drop into considerable manpower and materials and have carried out fruitful development work.Particularly go up heavy, 431, enterprise such as two-fold obtaining great breakthrough and valuable accumulation aspect the forging TP316LN austenitic stainless steel trunk line forging blank, for the final production domesticization of trunk line has stepped solid step forward.
In above-mentioned enterprise, go up heavy, 431 employing electric slag refusion ingot Production Supervisor road forging blanks; What one weight, two-fold adopted then is two vacuum casting steel ingots.But they have a common point, be exactly the trunk line forging all be to adopt the solid forging forming technology, the forging preparation technology who namely takes solid forging+machined " to empty ", its basic procedure is as follows:
About 110 tons heavily the solid ingot casting of TP316LN of external refining (or, about 80 tons of electric slag refusion ingots) → surperficial car mill, excision end to end and surface inspection → heating → jumping-up, pulling on the hydraulic press of ton (with heating repeatedly) → monolateral number print and get straight length and asymmetry ozzle blank → empty endoporus and process ozzle until required size by machined.
The true heart axon of this technology part forging and molding; The major technique difficulty is the forging of two asymmetry ozzle blanks.Though say that on the whole the hit rate of this kind solid forging is higher relatively, greatly increased mach workload of back step and difficulty, the recovery rate that also greatly reduces expensive raw materials (adopts the ingot casting recovery rate to be about 12%; Electric slag refusion ingot is less than 16%), do not have energy-saving and cost-reducing potential quality thereby weaken its market competitiveness yet so plant technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of technology that adopts the centrifugal casting hollow ingot to produce nuclear power station trunk line forging, through repeatedly an obtained great technological achievement is tested in Computer Simulation and research and development, produce high-end hollow body forging, especially in order to the forging and forming technology of the trunk line hollow body forging of new generation of producing the TP316LN super-low carbon stainless steel, its core connotation is with high-quality, high recovery rate, high-precision centrifugal casting hollow ingot and extraordinary hollow forging forming technology, forging technology and mechanical process by a kind of uniqueness, combine dexterously, form a kind of have energy-conservation, consumption reduction, the saving working hour, the forming technology of the generation trunk line forging of low-carbon emission relative advantage and innovation intension.
The present invention strips off the skin and detects a flaw through surfaces externally and internally, about 37 tons heavy centrifugal casting hollow ingot → heating → at the swage block of particular design is no less than twice hollow body jumping-up+pull out to the hollow body of required size (heat again with several times) → for the third time jumping-up → number seal and adopt described long plug to get to have two mutual dislocation predetermined angulars again at the long plug of inner-cooled, have box-shaped ozzle blank → each straight length of pulling of step and the roughing that described " brick body " opposite side redundance → body and ozzle are removed in overall dimensions finishing → processing.Concrete processing step is as follows:
(1) the low diameter-wall-rate centrifugal casting hollow ingot that forms through the external refining molten steel casting is carried out Composition Control and analysis, and its surfaces externally and internally is carried out turning strip off the skin and detect a flaw;
(2) in removing stove, behind the residual oxide above-mentioned steel ingot is being kept the weak oxide atmosphere (CO of malleation in the stove
2=3.0%, CO=20.0%, H
2=28.0%, CH
4=1.0%, H
2O=20.0%, N
2=28.0%) adopt the five-part form heating curves to heat in; Cold ingot charging temperature is 20～700 ℃, and heating-up temperature is 1160 ~ 1180 ℃; Stop incorrect assembly furnace operating (differing greatly as the steel grades of piecing together stove);
(3) the centrifugal casting hollow ingot after the described heating (172 °～178 ° of vertex of a cone angles) on the swage block of band certain taper is carried out stopping the hollow body upsetting formation of serious unstability.This type of jumping-up is no less than twice; And to adopt no plug and the long plug of inner-cooled to pull out; Heating maximum temperature again at the middle forging of this process should not be higher than 1160 ℃;
(4) the hollow forging to the described pulling after heating again carries out jumping-up for the third time; Obtain hollow jumping-up forging;
(5) to through the above-mentioned hollow jumping-up forging after heating again, print according to dimensional requirement number of carrying out successively on long plug of design; By requirements of spacing distance get respectively two mutual dislocation predetermined angulars, and separately " standard " be symmetrical in the square shape ozzle blank of cylindrical forged piece center line (for saving material, the square shape ozzle blank height of tube hub line both sides is not equal, and a side height is 0.4 times of opposite side.), simultaneously each straight length is pulled out to required size;
(6) the brick body is forged into the branch ozzle blank that has step at the swage block of particular design, each section of finishing simultaneously appearance and size;
(7) the branch ozzle blank opposite side body ledge separately of the step that described hollow forging is had by machined cuts away, and can obtain required in order to produce AP1000 or ACPR1000
+The TP316LN super-low carbon stainless steel hollow body forging blank of trunk line.
Described centrifugal casting hollow ingot is the hollow ingot with low diameter-wall-rate (2.5～5) and surfaces externally and internally process and machined and flaw detection.
Described five-part form heating curves refers to: the heating and heat preservation of cold ingot after 700 ℃ of shove charges is considered as one section, and the strict heating schedule of distinguishing cold ingot and middle forging heat and get heating schedule after the ozzle blank, the former heating maximum temperature is 1180 ℃, and the latter is for being respectively 1160 ℃ and 1150 ℃; Heating-up temperature and the final forging temperature of last one or two fire time can be controlled respectively lower 1140 ℃ and 950 ℃;
The tapering of the long plug of described inner-cooled is 1:150～1:250.
Propose adopting the centrifugal casting hollow ingot to comprise the process route of high-end pipe fitting forging product of the large scale high-alloy steel of trunk line with production as raw material, is that abundant Technological Economy basis is arranged.With respect to the process of common employing forging solid member and the method that adopts solid ingot forging hollow body, adopt the senior cylinder part of centrifugal casting hollow ingot forging, have a series of unarguable advantages, wherein, mainly contain following some:
1, avoids high-alloy steel solid ingots such as stainless steel and must more can guarantee the quality of finished product by the relevant difficult problem (as avulsion, towards inclined to one side, folding) of punching, reaming forging large-size cylinder body;
2, a kind ofly have the short cylinder part production new technique of energy-saving and cost-reducing advantage and technological process raw material basis more high-quality and that have more nearly end form processed edge is provided for forming; This is because not only have more higher surface quality and dimensional accuracy through the centrifugal base after the machined, also more likely in advance it is carried out careful detection and control, with the high hit rate of guaranteeing that the body forging is produced;
3, it will make the production of similar trunk line one class high-end large-scale cylinder forgings not only in technology more selection arranged, and might make follow-up machined become more cheap, more reliable, more efficient, this is expensive concerning having usually, the production of the large-scale senior forging of long period characteristics, particularly important.
4, need not require the hardware condition of indispensable ton press under many circumstances.
Under powerful centrifugal force (approximate number decuples normal gravity) effect, finish a kind of Special Processes of Metal Castings method of filling type and process of setting as liquid metal, centrifugal casting can obtain that dense structure, grain refinement, degree of purity are higher, the premium casting of good mechanical properties, especially has tube class, tubing, cover class, the roller class foundry goods of rotary middle spindle.Under centrifugal action, liquid metal has good type and the compensation characteristic of filling, and also helps deslagging, exhaust, makes steel inclusion and the gas floating inner wall surface that moves on to cylindrical shell, the body scope of freedom easily, and the latter can be removed by machined.Original blank as follow-up forging, have than the middle cylinder forgings that obtains by punching, reaming through the hollow blank of centrifugal casting of inside and outside turning and to exceed a lot of dimensional accuracies, and the surfaces externally and internally with intimate " zero-fault ", be conducive to obtain stability and the quality hit rate of higher finished product forging precision and forging and molding, can obviously reduce the machined workload of surplus.
Might as well say like this, the high-performance stainless steel forging that adopts the centrifugal casting hollow ingot to make raw material production a new generation nuclear power station trunk line is the thing of having put on research and development, production schedule, having embodied is the high-end cylindrical shell of large scale of representative, a direction of body forging technical progress of industry with the trunk line, and provides new room for promotion for the sector technological innovation.
The present invention in order to the TP316LN super-low carbon stainless steel solid forging blank of producing the AP1000 trunk line and the forging process of hollow body blank, has following key character and advantage with respect to existing:
1, adopts the centrifugal casting hollow ingots as raw material, can realize the quality control of " zero-fault " from the source to used raw material;
2, the special type of employing centrifugal casting hollow ingot forges to replace the forging and molding of solid ingot, and the recovery rate of material is equivalent to more than three times of ingot casting, is equivalent to more than the twice of electroslag remelting solid ingot; Can shorten more than 50% heat time heating time, and energy-saving effect is obvious;
3, adopt so-called hollow " brick body " forging and molding to improve the hit rate of forging quality and dimensional accuracy to replace the forging and molding of asymmetrical two solid ozzle blanks;
4, adopt the relatively limited turning processing of machined workload with the bigger relatively solid member endoporus boring processing of dessert machine labor content, expectation can reduce back step machining period about 50%; Can shorten the production cycle of finished product trunk line greatly;
5, the Plastic Forming degree of finish of forging, precision and the distortion uniformity are better than having asymmetry ozzle solid forging.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing known process flow diagram.
Fig. 2 is technological process graphics of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment: following with ACPR1000
+The forging of trunk line small size simulating piece is that the present invention will be further described for example.
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, for the present invention and implement the process flow diagram of an example, specifically comprise following processing step:
The cardinal principle flow process of forging forming:
The centrifugal casting blank strips off the skin → and pipe end tapering processing → swage block jumping-up → hollow pulling → cored bar pulling → jumping-up → pulling → jumping-up → number print → large Luntai forgings → small semicircle pressing → cored bar pulling → number seal → steamboat platform forging → small semicircle pressing → cored bar straight length pulling → big or small Luntai flattens into respectively the hollow brick build and is in charge of the special swage block of employing on the plug of mouth blank → ozzle blank back-pressure finishing → at nominal diameter, be 141mm above-mentioned ozzle blank is pressed into ozzle blank with the two-stage step → ozzle blank back-pressure finishing → appearance and size finishing more again
The first step, to strip off the skin on request through chemical composition analysis and body surfaces externally and internally, after pipe end tapering processing and the flaw detection, with the about 1092kg of weight, be of a size of the low diameter-wall-rate centrifugal casting hollow ingot of Φ 460 * 95 * 1249mm, send into through heating according to five-part form heating curves (each section temperature retention time is successively decreased, firing rate increase progressively) in the stove of removing residual oxide.Charging temperature is 700 ℃, and maximum heating temperature is 1180 ℃;
In second step, be of a size of Φ 460 * 95 * 1249mm(by cold conditions size calculating with heating) hollow ingot on the swage block of particular design, carry out jumping-up by upset ratio 2.0.Forging internal diameter behind the jumping-up expands 40% calculating by increasing, and after-swage dimension is that Φ 642 * 132 * 624mm(blank ratio of height to diameter is 2.72; Jumping-up thickens rate and is about 40%)
The 3rd goes on foot, and melts down to quickly heat up to 1160 ℃; The hollow pulling of no plug reduces to 510mm until external diameter, and the tube wall with 10% thickens rate and calculates, and the forging ' s block dimension after the pulling is Φ 510 * 145 * 786mmm; Lengthening coefficient is 1.26.
In the 4th step, again after the heating, adopting 1.4 lengthening coefficient is that the long plug of 189mm pulls out at nominal diameter, and forging ' s block dimension afterwards is Φ 431 * 121 * 1100mm
The 5th step, after heating is come out of the stove again with described hollow object on the swage block of described particular design, adopt 1.7 upset ratio, and on average increase the expansion amount according to 30% and carry out jumping-up again, obtaining forging ' s block dimension is that Φ 559 * 157 * 647mm(blank ratio of height to diameter is 2.55; Jumping-up thickens rate and is about 30%)
The 6th step, to melt down and quickly heat up to 1160 ℃, 1.7 lengthening coefficient is adopted in the back of coming out of the stove, and at nominal diameter is on the long plug of 215mm above-mentioned jumping-up spare to be pulled out, and the forging ' s block dimension after the pulling is Φ 440 * 112 * 1100mm
In the 7th step, forging is heated rapidly to 1160 ℃, after coming out of the stove hollow object upset ratio with 1.83 on the swage block of above-mentioned particular design is carried out jumping-up, and jumping-up spare internal diameter increases the expansion rate by 34% equally and calculates.The gained forging ' s block dimension is: Φ 592 * 151 * 601mm(blank ratio of height to diameter is 2.5; Jumping-up thickens rate and is about 34%)
In the 7th step, selecting diameter respectively for use is 260mm(290-30), 235mm(260-25), 205mm(235-30) long plug number seal and get large and small ozzle blank: at first number printing length is 283mm, gets big ozzle blank; Pull out again straight length when external diameter is 381mm again number seal 44mm length (percentage spread gets 40%, namely refers to the percentage spread of length direction when circle flattens in order to get tubule mouth blank; The percentage spread of horizontal direction is about 35%, namely refers to the percentage spread of ozzle blank short transverse wall thickness when circle flattens).In this process, simultaneously slightly tie the other end of two ozzle blanks and begin to pull out straight length (wherein can be once above melt down heating again);
In the 8th step, melt down Fast Heating and control forging temperature and final forging temperature by lower bound.Continue to forge two ozzle blanks repeatedly and successively reach 136mm and 51mm until its peak to the vertical height between the capillary outer diameter, pull out synchronously each straight length near 281mm(wherein can be once above melt down heating again); Control the gap between plug and the pipe fitting internal diameter simultaneously, to guarantee necessary internal diameter size;
The 9th step, select for use the long plug of 171mm that described two disks that have local secant face are flattened perpendicular to secant face and pipe fitting centerline direction on hammering block at last, the distance until between two hammering blocks is equivalent to 281mm;
The tenth step, melt down the heating more fast of carrying out heat insulating ability, temperature is controlled in 1140 ℃; The swage block up and down of using particular design instead forges two ozzle blanks respectively, reduces to 195mm and 62mm until its transverse width respectively from 281mm; Meanwhile, the height of ozzle direction increases to 177mm and 66mm from 136mmh and 51mm respectively.(rate of increasing is about 30%)
The 11 step, last finishing is carried out in forging, until satisfied following forging ' s block dimension:
Straight length: Φ 281 * 55 * 2467mm;
Solid big ozzle brick-shaped blank with the level: 177 * 396 * 281mm;
Solid tubule mouth brick-shaped blank with the level: 66 * 62 * 281mm.
The forging blank gross weight is about 960kg.
In the 12 step, two ozzle blanks opposite side body ledge separately that above-mentioned hollow forging is had cuts away, and can obtain required in order to produce ACPR1000
+The high-end hollow body forging blank of the TP316LN super-low carbon stainless steel of trunk line small size simulating piece.
The dimension and weight that finally is processed into ACPR trunk line small size simulating piece is:
Straight length: size Φ 251 * 20 * 2167mm, weight is 253kg
Big nozzle diameter 175mm; 30 ° of angles; Height 167m; Transverse projection length 376mm; Weight 38kg
Little nozzle diameter 42mm; Height 56mm; Weight 1kg
The gross weight of ACPR trunk line 1:3.6 simulating piece is 291kg
Result of calculation is estimated as follows:
1, the recovery rate of this small size simulating piece of forging TP316LN stainless steel material is about 20%, and size is more full-scale near 1:1, and recovery rate is more high; The recovery rate of the full-scale simulating piece of 1:1 can reach more than 36% as calculated;
2, each position metal of forging particularly divides total forging ratio of ozzle position metal all more than 3.5;
3, with respect to adopting solid ingot, adopt technology of the present invention can save more than 50% respectively and 65% above expensive stainless steel material than electric slag refusion ingot and ingot casting, shorten heat time heating time more than 40%, save man-hour more than 50%.
The detailed description of the above embodiment of the present invention and accompanying drawing, purpose are to make an explanation by literal and diagram, and do not lie in the protection domain that limits claim.Various variations on the described specific embodiment of present specification; be apparent to those skilled in the art; and be in the protection domain of claim and equivalent technologies thereof any change of claim of the present invention, content that modification all belongs to the present invention's protection of not breaking away from.
Claims (5)
1. a technology that adopts the centrifugal casting hollow ingot to produce nuclear power station trunk line forging is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) the low diameter-wall-rate centrifugal casting hollow ingot that forms through the external refining molten steel casting is carried out constituent analysis, detect qualified back and its surfaces externally and internally is carried out turning strip off the skin and detect a flaw;
(2) in removing stove, behind the residual oxide above-mentioned centrifugal casting hollow ingot is being kept in the weak oxide atmosphere of malleation in the stove and adopted the five-part form heating curves to heat; Cold ingot charging temperature is 20 ℃～700 ℃, and the heating maximum temperature is 1160 ~ 1180 ℃; Stop incorrect assembly furnace operating;
(3) the centrifugal casting hollow ingot after the heating is carried out stopping the hollow body upsetting formation of serious unstability at the swage block of 172 ° ~ 178 ° of vertex of a cone angles; This type of jumping-up is no less than twice; And between twice jumping-up, adopt no plug and the long plug of inner-cooled to pull out the hollow forging that obtains pulling out; Heating-up temperature again at the hollow forging of the middle pulling of this process should be 1130 ℃～1160 ℃;
(4) the hollow forging to the described pulling after heating again carries out jumping-up for the third time, obtains hollow jumping-up forging;
(5) to through the hollow jumping-up forging after heating again, print according to dimensional requirement number of carrying out successively on long plug of design; By requirements of spacing distance get respectively two mutual dislocation predetermined angulars, and separately " standard " be symmetrical in the square shape ozzle blank of cylindrical forged piece center line, the square shape ozzle blank height of tube hub line both sides is unequal, wherein a side height is 0.4 times of opposite side, simultaneously each straight length is pulled out to required size;
(6) the brick body is forged into the branch ozzle blank that has step at the swage block of particular design, each section of finishing simultaneously appearance and size obtains the hollow forging;
(7) the branch ozzle blank opposite side body ledge separately of the step that the hollow forging is had by machined cuts away, and namely obtains required in order to produce AP1000 or ACPR1000
+The TP316LN super-low carbon stainless steel hollow body forging blank of trunk line.
2. technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described centrifugal casting hollow ingot be have low diameter-wall-rate 2.5～5 and surfaces externally and internally through and the hollow ingot of machined and flaw detection.
3. technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described five-part form heating curves refers to: the heating and heat preservation of cold ingot after 700 ℃ of shove charges is considered as one section, and the strict heating schedule of distinguishing cold ingot and middle forging heat and get heating schedule after the ozzle blank, the former heating maximum temperature is 1180 ℃, and the latter is for being respectively 1160 ℃ and 1150 ℃; Heating-up temperature and the final forging temperature of last one or two fire time are controlled respectively lower 1140 ℃ and 950 ℃;
4. new technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the tapering of the long plug of described inner-cooled is 1:150～1:250.
5. new technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described weak oxide atmosphere is CO
2=3.0%, CO=20.0%, H
2=28.0%, CH
4=1.0%, H
2O=20.0%, N
2=28.0%.
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| CN104001844A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-08-27 | 中国钢研科技集团有限公司 | Forging process for adopting centrifugal casting hollow ingots to produce ring-shaped parts and cylindrical parts |
| CN104722702A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-06-24 | 上海新闵（东台）重型锻造有限公司 | Forging forming technology for high-temperature steam pipeline of supercritical unit |
| CN105033132A (en) * | 2015-09-19 | 2015-11-11 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Hollow forging piece profiling forging method of overlong-asymmetric-pipe-mouth-contained reactor coolant piping |
| CN105328110A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-02-17 | 北京科技大学 | Whole forging method of loop main pipe of AP1000 nuclear power plant |
| CN105382163A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-09 | 太原科技大学 | Upsetting and stretching device for annular blank for prefabricating hollow steel ingot |
| CN106825358A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-06-13 | 清华大学 | A kind of new V anvils and the forging method using the V anvils |
| CN112226595A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-15 | 仪征常众汽车部件有限公司 | Heat treatment process for patch board |
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| CN104001844A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-08-27 | 中国钢研科技集团有限公司 | Forging process for adopting centrifugal casting hollow ingots to produce ring-shaped parts and cylindrical parts |
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| CN105382163A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-09 | 太原科技大学 | Upsetting and stretching device for annular blank for prefabricating hollow steel ingot |
| CN106825358A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-06-13 | 清华大学 | A kind of new V anvils and the forging method using the V anvils |
| CN112226595A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-15 | 仪征常众汽车部件有限公司 | Heat treatment process for patch board |
| CN112226595B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2022-06-14 | 仪征常众汽车部件有限公司 | Heat treatment process for patch board |
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