CN105300554B - Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device and method based on distributing optical fiber sensing - Google Patents
Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device and method based on distributing optical fiber sensing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to marine hydrology parameter monitoring and sensory field of optic fibre, a kind of Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device and method based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques are particularly related to.Described device is made up of surface platform, distributed optical fiber sensing system, cable winding disk, hawser and anchor body.It is contemplated that realizing distribution, many reference amounts, real-time, reliable marine environmental monitoring.Apply the present invention to marine environmental monitoring field, can be achieved to measure while different hydrology aspect ocean temperatures, depth, density and ocean current flow velocity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to marine hydrology parameter monitoring and sensory field of optic fibre, particularly relate to a kind of based on distribution type fiber-optic biography
The Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device and method of sense technology.
Background technology
For a long time, continuously, ocean weather station observation ocean hydrologic environment, especially to ocean temperature, seabed depth, density of sea water and sea
A series of real-time monitoring of marine hydrology parameters such as water flow velocity, is the complicated and significant work of an arduousness, always by
To the attention of people.The monitoring to ocean temperature and depth is mainly realized by the temperature of discrete, depth transducer at present, right
The monitoring of seawater velocity is mainly realized by current meter.These equipment belong to discrete part, to realize the vertical side in ocean
The hydrologic parameter monitoring of upward each point, it is necessary to which big amount temperature, depth transducer and current meter constitute sensor array, not only throw
Money is huge, and system complex, reduces the reliability of system.Current meter is a kind of important device of marine environmental monitoring.In
State's utility model patent《A kind of novel acoustic current meter》(Authorization Notice No.：CN203964952U, authorized announcement date：
2014.11.26 a kind of current meter) is proposed, is also equipped with measuring the work(of ocean temperature and salinity while ocean current flow velocity is measured
Energy；Chinese utility model patent《A kind of ultrasonic Doppler current meter》(Authorization Notice No.：CN203949933U, authorized announcement date：
2014.11.19) and《A kind of novel and multifunctional current meter》(Authorization Notice No.：CN203964956U, authorized announcement date：
2014.11.26) current meter proposed to ocean current flow velocity, temperature and salinity while measuring, and also measurable seawater is deep
Degree.It is upper with limitation in application but above-mentioned current meter belongs to discrete part.
Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques can continuously perceive the parameter such as temperature, strain of upper any point along optical fiber with it and become
The advantages of changing, collect sensing and be transmitted in one, be easy to long-distance sensing and large-scale network-estabilishing, is widely used to national warp
The every aspect of Ji and people's daily life, including building, bridge, dam, tunnel, river levee, aircraft, ship, shop equipment
Deng structural safety monitoring, the leak detection of the dangerous situation such as oil pipeline and high-tension line, the real-time prison of border intrusion behavior
Trouble point detection of survey and communications optical cable etc..
The content of the invention
The deficiency existed for existing marine hydrology parameter monitoring technology, the present invention proposes a kind of based on distribution type fiber-optic
The Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device and method of sensing technology, it is intended to realize distribution, many reference amounts, real-time, reliable ocean
Environmental monitoring.Apply the present invention to marine environmental monitoring field, different hydrology aspect ocean temperatures, depth, density can be achieved
And measured while seawater velocity.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device based on distributing optical fiber sensing, by surface platform, distribution type fiber-optic
Sensor-based system, cable winding disk, hawser (being made up of steel wire rope and oversheath) and anchor body are constituted, the distributed optical fiber sensing system by
Distributed optical fiber sensing system dry end machine and optical fiber group composition, the distributed optical fiber sensing system dry end machine include light and launch system
System, optical receiver system and signal processing system, light emission system are used to produce the light pulse used in distributed sensing, light-receiving system
The optical signal for position along optical fiber to be returned of uniting is converted into electric signal, and signal processing system is used to carry out electric signal
Processing obtains the corresponding ocean temperature in position along optical fiber, depth, density and seawater velocity information；The optical fiber group is by light
Fibre one, optical fiber two, optical fiber three and optical fiber four are constituted；The distributed optical fiber sensing system dry end machine and cable winding disk are fixed on sea
On platform, described hawser one end is connected on distributed optical fiber sensing system dry end machine, and a part is wound on cable winding disk, another
It is partially submerged in seawater, the other end is connected with anchor body, the anchor body is fixed on seabed.
Preferably, fixed platform or ship as the surface platform both can be analogous to offshore oil 981
The mobile platforms such as oceangoing ship, buoy；GPS device or BEI-DOU position system are mounted with thereon and there is positioning function.
Preferably, the optical fiber one, optical fiber two, optical fiber three and optical fiber four are the silica fibre with sheath, wherein light
The Brillouin shift of fibre one is respectively C with the coefficient of ocean temperature, depth, density and seawater velocity square value changes11、C12、C13
And C14, the Brillouin shift of optical fiber two is respectively with the coefficient of ocean temperature, depth, density and seawater velocity square value changes
C21、C22、C23And C24, the Brillouin shift of optical fiber three is with ocean temperature, depth, density and seawater velocity square value changes
Number is respectively C31、C32、C33And C34, the Brillouin shift of optical fiber four is with ocean temperature, depth, density and seawater velocity square value
The coefficient of change is respectively C41、C42、C43And C44, optical fiber one, optical fiber two, the selection principle of optical fiber three and optical fiber four is ensure to be
Several rows of column：
So as to ensure that ocean temperature, depth, four hydrologic parameters of density and seawater velocity have unique solution；Every kind of optical fiber respectively has
Four, totally 16 optical fiber, every kind of optical fiber respectively takes one to constitute one group, and four groups are constituted altogether；With the vertical of surface platform position
Coordinate system is set up on the basis of direction, four groups of optical fiber are individually fixed in the side of surface of outer sheath east, south, west, north four of the hawser
Upwards, the interval of four optical fiber and putting in order is consistent in each group；Optical fiber used passes through pressure screening test, it is ensured that
It is resistant to lay the maximum hydrostatic pressing in marine site.
Preferably, the cable winding disk is used for the folding and unfolding for realizing hawser, and should ensure that can wind the whole section of hawser, and in it
Footpath is more than the radius of curvature of hawser.
Preferably, the steel wire rope inside the hawser is used for load-bearing, and its intensity, which should ensure that, can bear the weight of the anchor body
Amount, it is ensured that anchor body is unlikely to elongate or even break the optical fiber for sensing.
Preferably, the gravity that the anchor body is subject to is more than the buoyancy that the hawser is subject to, it is ensured that the hawser lays rear water
Lower portion is in stretched vertically state.
Preferably, the distributed optical fiber sensing system uses the sensor-based system based on brillouin effect, it is ensured that to optical fiber
Temperature and strain along the line can realize sensing.
Preferably, the distributed optical fiber sensing system can select the higher distributing optical fiber sensing system of spatial resolution
System, the spatial resolution of monitoring hydrology parameter to improve.
Preferably, the optical fiber one, optical fiber two, optical fiber three and optical fiber four use the less optical fiber (optical fiber of Young's modulus
Strain is equal to suffered pressure divided by yang type modulus, therefore can increase fibre strain using the less optical fiber of Young's modulus), so as to strengthen
Device of the present invention is to sea water advanced, density and the sensitiveness of seawater velocity.
Preferably, the laying group number of the optical fiber group can be extended to 2N(N is integer and N>2) group, to improve to each side
To the monitoring capability of seawater velocity.
The present invention is also provided one kind and ocean temperature, depth, density and flow velocity is supervised simultaneously using device as described above
The step of method of survey, this method, is as follows：
The first step, in the lab, demarcation optical fiber one, optical fiber two, optical fiber three and optical fiber four Brillouin shift with temperature,
The coefficient of the depth of water, fluid density and seawater velocity square value changes, concrete methods of realizing is as follows：First it regard optical fiber one as sense light
Fibre is independently accessed distributed optical fiber sensing system, and optical fiber one is perpendicularly fixed in water, keep its residing depth of water, density of sea water and
Seawater velocity is constant, changes water temperature, the change of Brillouin shift is measured using distributed optical fiber sensing system, optical fiber is thus obtained
One variation with temperature coefficient C11；Then water temperature, density of sea water and seawater velocity are constant residing for holding optical fiber one, change residing for it
The depth of water, the change of Brillouin shift is measured using distributed optical fiber sensing system, thus obtains change system of the optical fiber one with the depth of water
Number C12；Then keep the temperature of fluid residing for optical fiber one, depth (ensureing to be located at below liquid level) and rate of flow of fluid constant, change stream
Volume density, the change of Brillouin shift is measured using distributed optical fiber sensing system, thus obtains optical fiber one with fluid density
Variation coefficient C13；Finally keep water temperature, the depth of water and density residing for optical fiber one constant, change seawater velocity (so as to change seawater stream
The square value of speed), the change of Brillouin shift is measured using distributed optical fiber sensing system, optical fiber one is thus obtained with seawater stream
The variation coefficient C of fast square value14；
The like, the Brillouin shift of optical fiber two is obtained according to the method described above with temperature, the depth of water, fluid density and seawater
Coefficient (the C of square of flow velocity value changes21, C22, C23, C24), the Brillouin shift of optical fiber three is with temperature, the depth of water, fluid density and sea
Coefficient (the C of water flow velocity square value changes31, C32, C33, C34) and optical fiber four Brillouin shift with temperature, the depth of water, fluid density
With the coefficient (C of seawater velocity square value changes41, C42, C43, C44)；
Second step, horizontal positioned and the quiet of 20 DEG C of water temperature is immersed in by optical fiber one, optical fiber two, optical fiber three and optical fiber four respectively
(depth of water is approximately 0m, density 10 to water surface3kg/m3, flow velocity 0m/s), using distributed optical fiber sensing system, obtain now four kinds
The corresponding Brillouin shift ν of optical fiberB0-1、νB0-2、νB0-3And νB0-4, reality of the distributed optical fiber sensing system in marine hydrology parameter
, will be with ν in the measurement process of borderB0-1、νB0-2、νB0-3And νB0-4It is used as the Brillouin shift variable quantity of four kinds of optical fiber of criterion calculation；
3rd step, on surface platform, by distributed optical fiber sensing system dry end machine and four groups, totally 16 sensor fibres connect
Connect and measure, every group of four optical fiber correspond to a following quaternary linear function group, and one has four quaternarys once
Equation group, four optical fiber positioned at east side (correspond to from the western ocean current of east orientation) corresponding quaternary linear function group and are：
Four optical fiber positioned at southern side (correspond to from the northern ocean current of south orientation) corresponding quaternary linear function group：
Four optical fiber (correspondence ocean current) from West to East corresponding quaternary linear function group positioned at west side is：
Four optical fiber positioned at north side (correspond to from the southern ocean current of north orientation) corresponding quaternary linear function group：
Wherein Δ νB-E=[Δ νB-E1, Δ νB-E2, Δ νB-E3, Δ νB-E4]、ΔνB-S=[Δ νB-S1, Δ νB-S2, Δ νB-S3,
ΔνB-S4]、ΔνB-W=[Δ νB-W1, Δ νB-W2, Δ νB-W3, Δ νB-W4] and Δ νB-N=[Δ νB-N1, Δ νB-N2, Δ νB-N3, Δ
νB-N4] represent respectively in optical fiber one, optical fiber two, optical fiber three and the corresponding cloth of optical fiber four of east side, southern side, west side and north side
Deep frequency displacement variable quantity, Δ T, Δ h and Δ ρ represent the change of the corresponding ocean temperature of each point along optical fiber, change in depth and close respectively
Degree change, Δ (υE 2)、Δ(υS 2)、Δ(υW 2) and Δ (υN 2) represent respectively from east orientation west, from south orientation north, from West to East and from north
The square of flow velocity value changes of seawater to the south；Hawser overall length is L, lays long L more than rear sea above section1, distributing optical fiber sensing
System dry end machine is in corresponding L1Start to solve aforementioned four quaternary linear function group at position, obtain part below sea (long
Spend for L-L1) ocean temperature change, change in depth, variable density and the square of flow velocity value changes of position in vertical direction,
Upper actual seawater along optical fiber can be obtained by subtracting each other again with a reference value of water temperature in step 2, the depth of water, density and square of flow velocity value
Temperature, depth, density and square of flow velocity value；Four groups of optical fiber can obtain the seawater velocity square value on the four direction of east, south, west, north,
Corresponding seawater velocity is obtained after evolution.
The present invention has following advantageous effects：
The Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device and method based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques that the present invention is provided, by sea
Foreign environmental monitoring and Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques combine, due to make use of Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques can be to optical fiber edge
The advantage that the temperature of line, strain are continuously sensed, compared with existing discrete, the marine environmental monitoring device of single type,
Many hydrology parameters in the achievable whole vertical direction of the present invention including ocean temperature, depth, density and flow velocity are simultaneously
Measurement, the development of construction and Marine Sciences and engineering for Sea environment database is all significant.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the structure of the Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device of the present invention based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques is shown
It is intended to, the amplifier section in Fig. 1 is hawser and the cross-sectional view of optical fiber group.
Wherein：1 is surface platform, and 21 be distributed optical fiber sensing system dry end machine, and 22a is optical fiber one, and 22b is optical fiber
Two, 22c are optical fiber three, and 22d is optical fiber four, 21 and the optical fiber composition cloth being made up of four groups of optical fiber 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d
Formula optical fiber sensing system, 3 be cable winding disk, and 4 be hawser, and 41 be steel wire rope, and 42 be oversheath, and 5 be anchor body.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention is based on following principle：
Optical fiber Brillouin frequency displacement νBIt is relevant with the temperature T along optical fiber, strain stress, Brillouin shift variation delta νBWith temperature
Variation delta T and strain variation amount Δ ε are directly proportional i.e.：
ΔνB=CTΔT (2)
ΔνB=C ε Δs ε (3)
Wherein CTAnd CεThe coefficient that respectively Brillouin shift changes with temperature T and strain stress.
Fibre strain ε and pressure P suffered by optical fiber has following relation：
Wherein E is the Young's modulus of optical fiber.
When optical fiber is located at below sea, suffered pressure P mainly has two sources, and one is pressure P that the depth of water is brought1, separately
One is that ocean current streams the pressure P that resistance band is come2, it is represented by：
P1=ρ gh (5)
P=P1+P2 (7)
Wherein ρ is density of sea water, and g is acceleration of gravity, and h is the depth of water, and C is streams resistance coefficient, and υ is seawater velocity.Will
Formula (5), formula (6) and formula (7) substitute into formula (4) and can obtained：
Formula (8) is substituted into formula (3) to obtain：
The Brillouin shift variation delta ν it can be seen from formula (9)BWith water depth ratio amount Δ h, density of sea water variation delta ρ
And seawater velocity square value Δ (υ2) variable quantity be directly proportional, while by formula (2) Brillouin shift variation delta νBBecome with water temperature
Change amount Δ T is directly proportional, therefore can be realized simultaneously to ocean temperature T, depth h, density p and square of flow velocity using Brillouin fiber optic sensing
Value υ2Sensing.
The present invention proposes a kind of Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques, such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, the device is by surface platform 1, distributed optical fiber sensing system, cable winding disk 3, hawser 4 (including steel wire rope 41 and oversheath 42)
Constituted with anchor body 5, distributed optical fiber sensing system is made up of distributed optical fiber sensing system dry end machine 21 and optical fiber group 22, optical fiber
Group 22 is made up of by four groups the 22a of optical fiber one, the 22b of optical fiber two, the 22c of optical fiber three and the 22d of optical fiber four optical fiber constituted.The distribution
Optical fiber sensing system dry end machine 21 and cable winding disk 3 are fixed on surface platform 1, and described one end of hawser 4 is connected to distribution type fiber-optic
On sensor-based system dry end machine 21, a part is wound on cable winding disk 3, and another part is dipped in seawater, and the other end connects with anchor body 5
Connect, the anchor body 5 is fixed on seabed.The 22a of optical fiber one, the 22b of optical fiber two, the 22c of optical fiber three and each four of the 22d of optical fiber four totally 16
Root, is individually fixed in the way of in Fig. 1 on the surface east, south, west, north four direction of oversheath 42 of the hawser 4.
Below to the tool of the Multifunctional marine method of environmental monitoring proposed by the present invention based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques
Body embodiment is described further：First, the distributed optical fiber sensing system based on brillouin effect is utilized in laboratory, respectively
To the Brillouin shift of the 22a of optical fiber one, the 22b of optical fiber two, the 22c of optical fiber three and the tetra- kinds of optical fiber of 22d of optical fiber four with temperature, the depth of water, stream
The coefficient of volume density and seawater velocity square value changes is demarcated, that is, obtains (C11, C12, C13, C14)、(C21, C22, C23,
C24)、(C31, C32, C33, C34) and (C41, C42, C43, C44) four system numbers；Secondly, in 20 DEG C of water temperature, depth of water 0m, density 103kg/
m3, under conditions of flow velocity 0m/s, a reference value (ν of the corresponding Brillouin shift of four kinds of optical fiber is measured respectivelyB0-1, νB0-2, νB0-3,
νB0-4)；Hawser overall length L=1000m, after surface platform completion hawser is laid, a length of L more than the hawser of sea above section1=
600m；The distributed optical fiber sensing system based on brillouin effect is finally utilized, to H=L-L below sea1=400m optical fiber edge
The marine hydrology parameter of line is measured, i.e., 400m last to optical fiber solves four quaternary linear function groups (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d),
In the case of determinant of coefficient D ≠ 0, corresponding ocean temperature change, change in depth, variable density and stream along optical fiber can be solved
A fast square value changes are Δ T, Δ h, Δ ρ and Δ (υ2)；Again with a reference value (T of ocean temperature, depth, density and square of flow velocity0
=20 DEG C, h0=0m, ρ0=103kg/m3、υ0 2=0m2/s2) subtract each other, ocean temperature actual along optical fiber, depth, density can be obtained
With square of flow velocity value, actual seawater velocity is obtained to flow velocity square value evolution；The flow velocity correspondence phase that one group of east side optical fiber is obtained
The ocean current moved with the automatic ocean current westwards flowed under coordinate system, the flow velocity correspondence that one group of southern side optical fiber is obtained from south orientation Beiliu City, west
The ocean current that the flow velocity correspondence that one group of side optical fiber is obtained flows from West to East, the flow velocity correspondence that one group of north side optical fiber is obtained is southern from north orientation
The ocean current of flowing.
Particular embodiments described above, has been carried out further in detail to the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect
Describe in detail it is bright, should be understood that the foregoing is only the present invention specific embodiment, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., should be included in the guarantor of the present invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device based on distributing optical fiber sensing, it is characterised in that：Described device is by sea
Face platform, distributed optical fiber sensing system, cable winding disk, hawser and anchor body composition, the distributed optical fiber sensing system is by being distributed
Formula optical fiber sensing system dry end machine and optical fiber group composition, the distributed optical fiber sensing system dry end machine include light emission system,
Optical receiver system and signal processing system, light emission system are used to produce the light pulse used in distributed sensing, optical receiver system
Optical signal for position along optical fiber to be returned is converted into electric signal, and signal processing system is used for electric signal
Reason obtains the corresponding ocean temperature in position along optical fiber, depth, density and seawater velocity information；The optical fiber group is by optical fiber
First, optical fiber two, optical fiber three and optical fiber four are constituted；The hawser is made up of steel wire rope and oversheath；The distributing optical fiber sensing
System dry end machine and cable winding disk are fixed on surface platform, and described hawser one end is connected to distributed optical fiber sensing system dry end machine
On, a part is wound on cable winding disk, and another part is immersed in seawater, and the other end is connected with anchor body, and the anchor body is fixed on
Seabed；
The optical fiber one, optical fiber two, optical fiber three and optical fiber four are the Brillouin of the silica fibre with sheath, wherein optical fiber one
Frequency displacement is respectively C with the coefficient of ocean temperature, depth, density and seawater velocity square value changes11、C12、C13And C14, optical fiber two
Brillouin shift with the coefficient of ocean temperature, depth, density and seawater velocity square value changes be respectively C21、C22、C23With
C24, the Brillouin shift of optical fiber three is respectively C with the coefficient of ocean temperature, depth, density and seawater velocity square value changes31、
C32、C33And C34, the Brillouin shift of optical fiber four with ocean temperature, depth, density and seawater velocity square value changes coefficient point
Wei not C41、C42、C43And C44, optical fiber one, optical fiber two, the selection principle of optical fiber three and optical fiber four are assurance coefficient determinant：
<mrow>
<mi>D</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
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<mn>13</mn>
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<mi>C</mi>
<mn>21</mn>
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<mn>22</mn>
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<mi>C</mi>
<mn>31</mn>
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<mo>&NotEqual;</mo>
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So as to ensure that ocean temperature, depth, four hydrologic parameters of density and seawater velocity have unique solution；Every kind of optical fiber respectively has four
Root, totally 16 optical fiber, every kind of optical fiber respectively takes one to constitute one group, and four groups are constituted altogether；With the Vertical Square of surface platform position
Coordinate system is set up on the basis of, four groups of optical fiber are individually fixed in the surface of outer sheath east, south, west, north four direction of the hawser
On, the interval of four optical fiber and putting in order is consistent in each group.
2. a kind of Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device based on distributing optical fiber sensing as claimed in claim 1, its feature exists
In：The surface platform is fixed platform as offshore oil 981, or ship, buoy mobile platform；Loaded on surface platform
There are GPS device or BEI-DOU position system and there is positioning function.
3. a kind of Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device based on distributing optical fiber sensing as claimed in claim 1, its feature exists
In：The cable winding disk is used for the folding and unfolding for realizing hawser, and should ensure that can wind the whole section of hawser, and its internal diameter is more than hawser
Radius of curvature.
4. a kind of Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device based on distributing optical fiber sensing as claimed in claim 1, its feature exists
In：Steel wire rope inside the hawser is used for load-bearing, and its intensity, which should ensure that, can bear the weight of the anchor body, it is ensured that anchor body is not
As for the optical fiber for elongating or even breaking for sensing.
5. a kind of Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device based on distributing optical fiber sensing as claimed in claim 1, its feature exists
In：The gravity that the anchor body is subject to is more than the buoyancy that the hawser is subject to, it is ensured that the hawser, which lays rear underwater portion and is in, to hang down
Straight extended state.
6. a kind of Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device based on distributing optical fiber sensing as claimed in claim 1, its feature exists
In：The distributed optical fiber sensing system uses the sensor-based system based on brillouin effect.
7. a kind of Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device based on distributing optical fiber sensing as claimed in claim 1, its feature exists
In：The optical fiber one, optical fiber two, optical fiber three and optical fiber four use the less optical fiber of Young's modulus.
8. a kind of Multifunctional marine environment monitoring device based on distributing optical fiber sensing as claimed in claim 1, its feature exists
In：The laying group number of the optical fiber group can be extended to 2NGroup, N is integer and N>2.
9. a kind of method that Multifunctional marine environmental monitoring is carried out using device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The party
The step of method, is as follows：
The first step, in the lab, demarcates the Brillouin shift of optical fiber one, optical fiber two, optical fiber three and optical fiber four with temperature, water
The coefficient of deep, fluid density and seawater velocity square value changes, concrete methods of realizing is as follows：First it regard optical fiber one as sensor fibre
Distributed optical fiber sensing system is independently accessed, optical fiber one is perpendicularly fixed in water, its residing depth of water, density of sea water and sea is kept
Water flow velocity is constant, changes water temperature, the change of Brillouin shift is measured using distributed optical fiber sensing system, optical fiber one is thus obtained
Variation with temperature coefficient C11；Then water temperature, density of sea water and seawater velocity are constant residing for holding optical fiber one, change its residing water
It is deep, the change of Brillouin shift is measured using distributed optical fiber sensing system, variation coefficient of the optical fiber one with the depth of water is thus obtained
C12；Then keep the temperature of fluid, depth and rate of flow of fluid residing for optical fiber one constant, depth should ensure that optical fiber one be located at liquid level with
Under, change fluid density, the change of Brillouin shift is measured using distributed optical fiber sensing system, optical fiber one is thus obtained with stream
The variation coefficient C of volume density13；Finally keep water temperature, the depth of water and density residing for optical fiber one constant, change seawater velocity, so as to change
Become the square value of seawater velocity, the change of Brillouin shift is measured using distributed optical fiber sensing system, optical fiber one is thus obtained
With the variation coefficient C of seawater velocity square value14；
The like, the coefficient C that the Brillouin shift of optical fiber two is varied with temperature is obtained according to the method described above21, water depth ratio
Coefficient C22, fluid density change coefficient C23With the coefficient C of seawater velocity square value changes24, optical fiber three Brillouin shift with
The coefficient C of temperature change31, water depth ratio coefficient C32, fluid density change coefficient C33With seawater velocity square value changes
Coefficient C34The coefficient C varied with temperature with the Brillouin shift of optical fiber four41, water depth ratio coefficient C42, fluid density change
Coefficient C43With the coefficient C of seawater velocity square value changes44；
Second step, horizontal positioned and the hydrostatic table of 20 DEG C of water temperature is immersed in by optical fiber one, optical fiber two, optical fiber three and optical fiber four respectively
Face, the depth of water is approximately 0m, density 103kg/m3, flow velocity 0m/s, using distributed optical fiber sensing system, obtain now four kinds of optical fiber
Corresponding Brillouin shift νB0-1、νB0-2、νB0-3And νB0-4, actual survey of the distributed optical fiber sensing system in marine hydrology parameter
, will be with ν during amountB0-1、νB0-2、νB0-3And νB0-4It is used as the Brillouin shift variable quantity of four kinds of optical fiber of criterion calculation；
3rd step, on surface platform, by distributed optical fiber sensing system dry end machine with four groups totally 16 sensor fibres be connected simultaneously
Measure, every group of four optical fiber correspond to a following quaternary linear function group, and one has four quaternary linear functions
Group, the corresponding quaternary linear function group of four optical fiber positioned at east side is：
<mfenced open = "{" close = "">
<mtable>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>E</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>11</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>12</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>13</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>14</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>E</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>E</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>21</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>22</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>23</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>24</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>E</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>E</mi>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>31</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>32</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>33</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>34</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>E</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>E</mi>
<mn>4</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>41</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>42</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>43</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>44</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>E</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
The corresponding quaternary linear function group of four optical fiber positioned at southern side is：
<mfenced open = "{" close = "">
<mtable>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>S</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>11</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>12</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>13</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>14</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>S</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>21</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>22</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>23</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>24</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>S</mi>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>31</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>32</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>33</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>34</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>S</mi>
<mn>4</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>41</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>42</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>43</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>44</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
The corresponding quaternary linear function group of four optical fiber positioned at west side is：
<mfenced open = "{" close = "">
<mtable>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>W</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>11</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>12</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>13</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>14</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>W</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>W</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>21</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>22</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>23</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>24</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>W</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>W</mi>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>31</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>32</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>33</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>34</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>W</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>W</mi>
<mn>4</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>41</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>42</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>43</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>44</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>W</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
The corresponding quaternary linear function group of four optical fiber positioned at north side is：
<mfenced open = "{" close = "">
<mtable>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>N</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>11</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>12</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>13</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>14</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>N</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>N</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>21</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>22</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>23</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>24</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>N</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>N</mi>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>31</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>32</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>33</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>34</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>N</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;v</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>N</mi>
<mn>4</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>41</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>42</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>43</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>44</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>&upsi;</mi>
<mi>N</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
Wherein Δ νB-E=[Δ νB-E1, Δ νB-E2, Δ νB-E3, Δ νB-E4]、ΔνB-S=[Δ νB-S1, Δ νB-S2, Δ νB-S3, Δ
νB-S4]、ΔνB-W=[Δ νB-W1, Δ νB-W2, Δ νB-W3, Δ νB-W4] and Δ νB-N=[Δ νB-N1, Δ νB-N2, Δ νB-N3, Δ νB-N4]
Optical fiber one, optical fiber two, optical fiber three and the corresponding brillouin frequency of optical fiber four positioned at east side, southern side, west side and north side are represented respectively
Variable quantity is moved, Δ T, Δ h and Δ ρ represent the corresponding ocean temperature change of each point along optical fiber, change in depth and density and become respectively
Change, Δ (υE 2)、Δ(υS 2)、Δ(υW 2) and Δ (υN 2) represent respectively from east orientation west, from south orientation north, from West to East and from north orientation south
The square of flow velocity value changes of seawater；Hawser overall length is L, lays long L more than rear sea above section1, distributed optical fiber sensing system
Dry end machine is in corresponding L1Start to solve aforementioned four quaternary linear function group at position, obtain part vertical direction below sea
Ocean temperature change, change in depth, variable density and the square of flow velocity value changes of upper position, then with water temperature in step 2,
The a reference value of the depth of water, density and square of flow velocity value, which is subtracted each other, can obtain upper actual ocean temperature, depth, density and stream along optical fiber
Fast square value；Four groups of optical fiber obtain corresponding sea after can obtaining the seawater velocity square value on the four direction of east, south, west, north, evolution
Water flow velocity.
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| CN106768470A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | The real-time monitoring system and method for a kind of marine oil and gas casing data |
| CN107179145B (en) * | 2017-07-01 | 2019-12-13 | 淮阴师范学院 | Evaluation algorithm for representativeness of observation space of ocean surface temperature drift buoy point |
| CN108692765B (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2020-08-25 | 河海大学 | Large-flow-rate river water temperature and flow rate distribution measuring device for field ship and using method |
| CN109283359A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-29 | 美钻深海能源科技研发（上海）有限公司 | A kind of underwater kit environment flow velocity data detecting device |
| CN110118613A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-13 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Liquid level tracing type multipoint temperature measuring device and production method |
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| CN111307209A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-19 | 河海大学 | Detection device for monitoring water leakage flow direction in underground water observation well |
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