CN104535169B - Noise measurement apparatus based on fiber optic hydrophone array and measurement method thereof - Google Patents
Noise measurement apparatus based on fiber optic hydrophone array and measurement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104535169B CN104535169B CN201410725845.7A CN201410725845A CN104535169B CN 104535169 B CN104535169 B CN 104535169B CN 201410725845 A CN201410725845 A CN 201410725845A CN 104535169 B CN104535169 B CN 104535169B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a noise measurement apparatus based on a fiber optic hydrophone array and a measurement method thereof. The measurement apparatus is characterized in that a data acquisition and transmission system consists of a measuring boat data acquisition system, a composite cable winch and a photoelectric composite cable. A fiber optic hydrophone planar array is fixed at an underwater platform; four underwater acoustic beacons are respectively installed at the four corners of the underwater platform; and the fiber optic hydrophone planar array is connected with the measuring boat data acquisition system by the photoelectric composite cable. The photoelectric composite cable is contracted or released by the composite cable winch arranged at the measuring boat. An underwater navigation body sails in the water under the fiber optic hydrophone planar array under the guidance of the underwater acoustic beacons. According to the invention, dynamic and holographic radiation noise measurement of the underwater navigation body can be carried out in a practical navigation state; defects of the existing radiation noise measurement technology method can be overcome; and urgent requirements of the damping and noise reduction research and equipment performance evaluation of the underwater navigation body can be met. Therefore, the noise measurement apparatus has the good practical value and good social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to underwater noise measurement field, it is related to a kind of radiated noise measurement apparatus of underwater sailing body and measurement
Method, it is particularly a kind of that near-field holography, real boat dynamic measurement can be carried out to the distribution situation in underwater sailing body radiated noise source
Device and measuring method.
Background technology
Completion of the radiated noise of underwater sailing body to its performance and mission task has significant impact, to realize that damping is dropped
Make an uproar, design and manufacturer carry out substantial amounts of research work, and take many technical measures, but the evaluation to its effect and master
The Position Research of noise source is wanted still to lack comprehensively and effectively means.
General at present mainly to have three classes to underwater sailing body radiated noise measuring method, the first kind is to use to be surveyed based on far field
The method of amount, the method standard hydrophone apart from measured target position remote enough (meeting the far field condition of underwater sound field),
The OA overall noise level of underwater sailing body is measured, a tens of rice even rice up to a hundred underwater sailing body long is considered as one by this method
Individual point sound source, although its global radiation noise level can be evaluated, but cannot be distinguished by position and the distribution of noise sources feelings of its radiated noise
Condition；Equations of The Second Kind is to take near-field scan method, is swept along underwater sailing body surface certain distance with a hydrophone linear array
Measurement is retouched, distribution situation of the noise source in measured target body can be obtained, but the method must be in mooring shape in sail body
State can just be carried out, therefore its measurement result cannot accurately reflect underwater sailing body under true operational configuration and various speed of a ship or plane feelings
Distribution of noise sources under condition；3rd class installs multiple vibrating sensors additional using sail body surface under water, by measuring sail body
The mechanical oscillation situation of housing, so as to speculate its radiated noise situation indirectly, the method can carry out real boat dynamic measurement, but machine
Tool is vibrated and the relation between radiated noise is influenceed by many factors, its accuracy of measurement result of reckoning and credible indirectly
Property can not still meet requirement.There is no one kind at present can realize near field, holography, real boat dynamic, noise testing side measured directly
Method.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is：For the deficiency of existing radiated noise e measurement technology, and underwater sailing body damping noise reduction
The active demand that research and equipment performance are evaluated, proposes a kind of the radiated noise measurement apparatus and measuring method of underwater sailing body,
The present invention can carry out the radiated noise measurement of dynamic holographic under real boat state to underwater sailing body, be the mesh such as underwater sailing body
The Position Research of target Main Noise Sources and the evaluation of damping noise reduction effect provide comprehensively and effectively means.
The present invention to achieve the above object and use technical scheme be：
A kind of noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array, including underwater sailing body, fibre optic hydrophone planar array,
Underwater platform, four acoustic marker, data acquisition and Transmission systems under water, data acquisition and Transmission system are adopted by the data of surveying vessel
Collecting system, composite rope winch, optoelectronic composite cable composition, it is characterised in that：Fibre optic hydrophone planar array is fixed on underwater platform,
Four under water acoustic marker be separately mounted on four angles of underwater platform, fibre optic hydrophone planar array by optoelectronic composite cable with measurement
The data collecting system of ship is connected, and optoelectronic composite cable is placed on surveying vessel by composite rope winch folding and unfolding, composite rope winch, under water
Sail body is navigated by water under acoustic marker is guided under water in the water being furnished with below fibre optic hydrophone planar array.
Described fibre optic hydrophone planar array is made up of at least 3 fibre optic hydrophone linear arrays and mounting bracket, will be all
Equidistantly arrangement is fixed on the fine hydrophone planar array of formation in mounting bracket to fibre optic hydrophone linear array.
Described fibre optic hydrophone linear array is made up of at least 8 fibre optic hydrophones for equidistantly arranging.
Described underwater platform is by underwater platform frame structure, four buoyancy tubes, four depth adjustments, four anchor systems
Composition, described underwater platform frame structure is the truss Steel Structure of load, and four buoyancy tubes are respectively placed in truss Steel Structure
On four angles, a depth adjustment is installed on each buoyancy tube, the anchor cable of each anchor system is connected with depth adjustment.
Described depth adjustment is hoist engine, holds cable amount 150m, speed 0.5m/s.
Described anchor is made up of 2 ton of 2 grip anchor of pawl, the gravity anchor of 1T and anchor cable, and anchor cable is stainless steel cable wire, length
150m。
Using the measuring method of the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array of preceding claim, its feature exists
Carried out according to the following steps：Cloth anchor is carried out in predetermined experiment sea area first, 150m × 50m is pressed into apart from rectangular cloth in four anchor systems
Put, then by fibre optic hydrophone planar array and four, acoustic marker is arranged on underwater platform under water, and with towboat traction to testing
Sea area, four angles of underwater platform are connected by the anchor cable of each anchor system respectively, then with optoelectronic composite cable by the light of underwater platform
Fine hydrophone planar array is connected with surveying vessel, after the completion of connection, starts the depth adjustment on underwater platform, and optical fiber water is listened
Then device planar array sinking notifies tested underwater sailing body according to water to desired depth, and by attitude leveling to horizontal level
The orientation navigation that lower acoustic marker is indicated completes the dynamic holographic noise testing of real boat by measured zone.
An anchoring ball float is set near range measurement ship, optoelectronic composite cable is articulated on anchoring ball float；It is easy to determine
Sink to the bottom the optoelectronic composite cable position and trend for laying.
The present invention is using the rectangle plane array structure based on fibre optic hydrophone as noise testing sensor.Optical fiber water is listened
The array number of device planar array should be enough, and actual quantity depends on the auditory localization resolution ratio of requirement of system design, and optical fiber water is listened
Utensil has of a relatively high sensitivity, and preferably big rule group battle array performance, while having small volume, lightweight, cost low
Advantage.For ease of engineering construction, fibre optic hydrophone planar array is constituted using the fibre optic hydrophone linear array of equidistantly arrangement, every
Hydrophone linear array is made up of the fibre optic hydrophone primitive of multiple equidistantly arrangements.For convenience of noise data Treatment Analysis, typically
Should be equal using the equal method of structuring the formation of spacing in length and breadth, i.e. linear array arrangement spacing and hydrophone arrangement spacing, arrange spacing root
Measurement frequency scope according to requirement of system design determines that general arrangement spacing should be less than the 1/2 of minimum measurement wavelength.Because navigating under water
The severity control precision of row body is of a relatively high, to reduce risks, it is to avoid collided with underwater platform, fibre optic hydrophone planar array
Method is laid using level, underwater sailing body is from fibre optic hydrophone planar array above with measuring.It is simultaneously reduction seabed
Influence of the sound reflecting to noise measurement, fibre optic hydrophone planar array should be also suspended in away from seabed certain altitude.
For ease of using, attainable real boat dynamic holographic noise measurement system is set to turn into a moveable system, should
Invention uses a underwater platform for the rectangle of activity as the installation foundation platform of fibre optic hydrophone planar array.Underwater platform is
Positive buoyancy structure, can bubble through the water column and by towboat traction to targeted test sea area, and positive buoyancy structure can also be such that it is incited somebody to action with external force
Suspended state is kept when it is drawn in below the water surface.After reaching scheduled measurement operation marine site, underwater platform uses corner anchor system, method
Carry out position to fix, underwater platform fixes anchor system and sets four, and each anchor is by 1 grip anchor, 1 gravity anchor and 1 anchor cable
Composition.Depth adjustment and attitude leveling that underwater platform sinks under the water connect the method reality of the anchor cable length of anchor system using adjustment
Existing, depth adjustment is provided with 4, and positioned at four angles of underwater platform, depth adjustment device typically uses hoist engine reality for distribution
It is existing.
It is in measurement process, to make tested underwater sailing body by predetermined air route accurately by fibre optic hydrophone planar array
Measured zone, the invention using install on a kind of platform under water acoustic marker under water realize navigation to being tested underwater sailing body and
Positioning, the measured zone that the tested underwater sailing body of guiding passes through fibre optic hydrophone planar array.Acoustic marker has four under water, from into
Ripe market product, is separately mounted to four angles of the underwater platform of rectangle, is tested underwater sailing body by receiving this four water
The transmission signal of lower acoustic marker, the positioning to fibre optic hydrophone planar array can be realized by analytical calculation.
The invention realizes underwater optical fibre water using the data acquisition based on surface measurement ship and the optoelectronic composite cable of long range
Listen connection and the information transfer of device planar array and measurement data acquisition system.Optoelectronic composite cable uses the wire armoring light of negative buoyancy force
Photoelectric compound cable, optoelectronic composite cable is using sinking to the bottom the method for laying, and vertical direction along underwater sailing body air route lays, with avoid by
Survey the safety fairway scope of underwater sailing body.For keep safe distance and reduce the noise of surveying vessel to the interference of measurement result and
The distance between influence, fibre optic hydrophone planar array and surveying vessel should be more than 10 times of tested underwater sailing body yardstick.
The present invention can carry out the radiated noise measurement of dynamic holographic under real boat state to underwater sailing body, and being given has
Operability from complete implementation methods such as hydrophone planar array, underwater platform, target navigation positioning, information transfers, can be more
The deficiency of existing radiated noise e measurement technology and method is mended, meets what underwater sailing body damping noise reduction research and equipment performance were evaluated
Active demand, with good practical value and social benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
Vertical section schematic diagram when Fig. 1 is for of the invention use；
Fig. 2 is horizontal plane schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is embodiments of the invention schematic diagram.
In figure：1- underwater sailing bodys；2- fibre optic hydrophone planar arrays；3- underwater platforms；4- acoustic markers under water；5—
Depth adjustment；6- anchors system；7- optoelectronic composite cables；8-surveying vessel；9-anchoring ball float.
Specific embodiment
Specific implementation below with reference to accompanying drawing to present invention is further illustrated, but actual system of the invention
Make parameter selection, material and physical dimension to be not limited in given by embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the present embodiment is designed as a fibre optic hydrophone planar array for 2048 primitives, can be used to make an uproar
Sound source spacing is not more than 3m, the real boat dynamic holographic measurement of the measurand of below frequency band range 5KHz.
Fibre optic hydrophone face battle array 2 is made up of fibre optic hydrophone linear array and mounting bracket, fibre optic hydrophone linear array parameter
Be 128 × 16 primitives, array element spacing 0.3m, accordingly parameter make 16 fibre optic hydrophone linear arrays and fixed hydrophone alignment
The mounting bracket of battle array, fibre optic hydrophone linear array is fixed in mounting bracket, forms the fibre optic hydrophone plane of 2048 primitives
Battle array；
Underwater platform 3 is made up of underwater platform frame structure, buoyancy tube, depth adjustment 5, anchor system 6, underwater platform
Frame structure is the truss Steel Structure of load, material selection Q620 weathering steels；Buoyancy tube has 4, is respectively placed in the 4 of underwater platform
Individual angle, for making underwater platform into the force characteristic that top-ups, size is φ 1m × 20m, material selection Q620 weathering steels；Depth adjustment is filled
4 are equipped with, are respectively arranged on 4 buoyancy tubes, depth adjustment uses hoist engine, hold cable amount 150m, speed 0.5m/s；Anchor
It is to be made up of the grip anchor of 2 pawls, gravity anchor and anchor cable, anchor system has 4, is connected with depth adjustment 5 by anchor cable, grip anchor
It is 2 fluke anchors of 2T, gravity anchor is the pouring weight of 1T, and anchor cable is stainless steel cable wire, length 150m.
The acoustic marker under water 4 of navigator fix is provided with 4, from ripe goods shelf productses ELP362A, is separately mounted to
4 angles of the underwater platform 3 of rectangle, the measured zone that the tested underwater sailing body 1 of guiding passes through fibre optic hydrophone planar array 2.
Data acquisition and Transmission system are made up of the data collecting system of surveying vessel 8, composite rope winch, optoelectronic composite cable 7,
Fibre optic hydrophone planar array is connected by optoelectronic composite cable with the data collecting system of surveying vessel 8, and optoelectronic composite cable 7 is by composite rope
Winch folding and unfolding, composite rope winch is placed on surveying vessel 8, and underwater sailing body 1 is being furnished with optical fiber water under acoustic marker 4 is guided under water
Listen navigation in the water below device planar array 2.Data collecting system selects APP141-02 fibre optic hydrophone data collecting systems, multiple
Cable winch is closed from the ripe business machine electronic composite rope winches of DJ-11/150, optoelectronic composite cable 7 is special product, cable footpath φ
25, the core of fiber unit 32, the core of electric unit 4, double wire armor structure.
The noise testing course of work, carries out cloth anchor in predetermined experiment sea area first, by four anchor systems 6 by 150m × 50m away from
Laid from rectangular, then by fibre optic hydrophone planar array 2 and four, acoustic marker 4 is arranged on underwater platform 3 under water, and with dragging
Ship traction is to experiment sea area, and the anchor cable of four angles of underwater platform 3 respectively by each anchor system 6 is connected, then with optoelectronic composite cable 7
The fibre optic hydrophone planar array 2 of underwater platform 3 is connected with surveying vessel 8, during actual measurement operation, is laid for ease of determining to sink to the bottom
The position of optoelectronic composite cable 7 and trend, can be set near range measurement ship one anchoring ball float 9, optoelectronic composite cable 7 is articulated in
On anchoring ball float 9；After the completion of connection, start the depth adjustment 5 on underwater platform 3, by the sinking of fibre optic hydrophone planar array 2
To desired depth, and by attitude leveling to horizontal level, then notify that tested underwater sailing body 1 refers to according to acoustic marker 4 under water
The orientation navigation shown completes the dynamic holographic noise testing of real boat by measured zone.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array, including underwater sailing body, fibre optic hydrophone planar array, water
Lower platform, four acoustic marker, data acquisition and Transmission systems under water, data acquisition and Transmission system by surveying vessel data acquisition
System, composite rope winch, optoelectronic composite cable composition, it is characterised in that：Fibre optic hydrophone planar array is fixed on underwater platform, and four
Individual acoustic marker under water is separately mounted on four angles of underwater platform, and fibre optic hydrophone planar array passes through optoelectronic composite cable and surveying vessel
Data collecting system be connected, optoelectronic composite cable is placed on surveying vessel, is navigated under water by composite rope winch folding and unfolding, composite rope winch
Row body is navigated by water under acoustic marker is guided under water in the water being furnished with below fibre optic hydrophone planar array.
2. the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described light
Fine hydrophone planar array is made up of at least 3 fibre optic hydrophone linear arrays and mounting bracket, by all fibre optic hydrophone linear arrays
Equidistantly arrangement is fixed in mounting bracket and forms fine hydrophone planar array.
3. the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described light
Fine hydrophone linear array is made up of at least 8 fibre optic hydrophones for equidistantly arranging.
4. the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described water
Lower platform is made up of underwater platform frame structure, four buoyancy tubes, four depth adjustments, four anchor systems, it is described under water
Plateform frame structure is the truss Steel Structure of load, and four buoyancy tubes are respectively placed on four angles of truss Steel Structure, and each is floated
A depth adjustment is installed on power cylinder, the anchor cable of each anchor system is connected with depth adjustment.
5. the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Described depth
Degree adjusting means is hoist engine, holds cable amount 150m, speed 0.5m/s.
6. the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Described anchor
System is made up of 2 ton of 2 grip anchor of pawl, the gravity anchor of 1T pouring weights and anchor cable.
7. the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Anchor cable is not for
Rust steel cable wire, length 150m.
8. using the measuring method of one of the claim 1-7 described noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array, its
It is characterised by carrying out according to the following steps：Carry out cloth anchor in predetermined experiment sea area first, by four anchor systems (6) by 150m × 50m away from
Laid from rectangular, then by fibre optic hydrophone planar array (2) and four under water acoustic marker (4) on underwater platform (3),
And with towboat traction to sea area is tested, four angles of underwater platform (3) are connected by the anchor cable of each anchor system (6) respectively, then are used
With surveying vessel (8) be connected the fibre optic hydrophone planar array (2) of underwater platform (3) by optoelectronic composite cable (7), after the completion of connection, opens
Depth adjustment (5) on dynamic underwater platform (3), by fibre optic hydrophone planar array (2) sinking to desired depth, and by attitude
Then leveling notifies that tested underwater sailing body (1) passes through according to the orientation navigation that acoustic marker under water (4) is indicated to horizontal level
Measured zone, completes the dynamic holographic noise testing of real boat.
9. the measuring method of the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array according to claim 8, its feature exists
In：Anchoring ball float (9) is set near range measurement ship (8), optoelectronic composite cable (7) is articulated in anchoring ball float (9).
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| CN116956374B (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2024-05-28 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Integrated hydrophone array for measuring near-field radiation noise in shallow sea environment |
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